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1. Unravelling large-scale patterns and drivers of biodiversity in dry rivers

Author: Arnaud Foulquier, Thibault Datry, Roland Corti, Daniel von Schiller, Klement Tockner, Rachel Stubbington, Mark O. Gessner, Frédéric Boyer, Marc Ohlmann, Wilfried Thuiller, Delphine Rioux, Christian Miquel, Ricardo Albariño, Daniel C. Allen, Florian Altermatt, Maria Isabel Arce, Shai Arnon, Damien Banas, Andy Banegas-Medina, Erin Beller, Melanie L. Blanchette, Joanna Blessing, Iola Gonçalves Boëchat, Kate Boersma, Michael Bogan, Núria Bonada, Nick Bond, Katherine Brintrup, Andreas Bruder, Ryan Burrows, Tommaso Cancellario, Cristina Canhoto, Stephanie Carlson, Núria Cid, Julien Cornut, Michael Danger, Bianca de Freitas Terra, Anna Maria De Girolamo, Rubén del Campo, Verónica Díaz Villanueva, Fiona Dyer, Arturo Elosegi, Catherine Febria, Ricardo Figueroa Jara, Brian Four, Sarig Gafny, Rosa Gómez, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Simone Guareschi, Björn Gücker, Jason Hwan, J. Iwan Jones, Patrick S. Kubheka, Alex Laini, Simone Daniela Langhans, Bertrand Launay, Guillaume Le Goff, Catherine Leigh, Chelsea Little, Stefan Lorenz, Jonathan Marshall, Eduardo J. Martin Sanz, Angus McIntosh, Clara Mendoza-Lera, Elisabeth I. Meyer, Marko Miliša, Musa C. Mlambo, Manuela Morais, Nabor Moya, Peter Negus, Dev Niyogi, Iluminada Pagán, Athina Papatheodoulou, Giuseppe Pappagallo, Isabel Pardo, Petr Pařil, Steffen U. Pauls, Marek Polášek, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Robert J. Rolls, Maria Mar Sánchez-Montoya, Ana Savić, Oleksandra Shumilova, Kandikere R. Sridhar, Alisha Steward, Amina Taleb, Avi Uzan, Yefrin Valladares, Ross Vander Vorste, Nathan J. Waltham, Dominik H. Zak, and Annamaria Zoppini
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Abstract More than half of the world’s rivers dry up periodically, but our understanding of the biological communities in dry riverbeds remains limited. Specifically, the roles of dispersal, environmental filtering and biotic interactions in driving biodiversity in dry rivers are poorly understood. Here, we conduct a large-scale coordinated survey of patterns and drivers of biodiversity in dry riverbeds. We focus on eight major taxa, including microorganisms, invertebrates and plants: Algae, Archaea, Bacteria, Fungi, Protozoa, Arthropods, Nematodes and Streptophyta. We use environmental DNA metabarcoding to assess biodiversity in dry sediments collected over a 1-year period from 84 non-perennial rivers across 19 countries on four continents. Both direct factors, such as nutrient and carbon availability, and indirect factors such as climate influence the local biodiversity of most taxa. Limited resource availability and prolonged dry phases favor oligotrophic microbial taxa. Co-variation among taxa, particularly Bacteria, Fungi, Algae and Protozoa, explain more spatial variation in community composition than dispersal or environmental gradients. This finding suggests that biotic interactions or unmeasured ecological and evolutionary factors may strongly influence communities during dry phases, altering biodiversity responses to global changes.
Published: 2024
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2. Extent, patterns, and drivers of hypoxia in the world's streams and rivers

Author: Joanna R. Blaszczak, Lauren E. Koenig, Francine H. Mejia, Lluís Gómez‐Gener, Christopher L. Dutton, Alice M. Carter, Nancy B. Grimm, Judson W. Harvey, Ashley M. Helton, and Matthew J. Cohen
Subjects: Oceanography, GC1-1581
Abstract: Abstract Hypoxia in coastal waters and lakes is widely recognized as a detrimental environmental issue, yet we lack a comparable understanding of hypoxia in rivers. We investigated controls on hypoxia using 118 million paired observations of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and water temperature in over 125,000 locations in rivers from 93 countries. We found hypoxia (DO
Published: 2023
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3. Groundwater‐stream connections shape the spatial pattern and rates of aquatic metabolism

Author: Anna Lupon, Lluís Gómez‐Gener, Megan L. Fork, Hjalmar Laudon, Eugènia Martí, William Lidberg, and Ryan A. Sponseller
Subjects: Oceanography, GC1-1581
Abstract: Abstract A longstanding challenge in stream ecology is to understand how landscape configuration organizes spatial patterns of ecosystem function via lateral groundwater connections. We combined laboratory bioassays and field additions of a metabolic tracer (resazurin) to test how groundwater‐stream confluences, or “discrete riparian inflow points” (DRIPs), regulate heterotrophic microbial activity along a boreal stream. We hypothesized that DRIPs shape spatial patterns and rates of aquatic heterotrophic microbial activity by supplying labile dissolved organic matter (DOM) to streams. Laboratory bioassays showed that the potential influence of DRIPs on heterotrophic activity varied spatially and temporally, and was related to their DOM content and composition. At the reach scale, DRIP‐stream confluences elevated the spatial heterogeneity and whole‐reach rates of heterotrophic activity, especially during periods of high land–water hydrological connectivity. Collectively, our results show how the arrangement of lateral groundwater connections influence heterotrophic activity in streams with implications for watershed biogeochemical cycles.
Published: 2023
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4. Drought alters the biogeochemistry of boreal stream networks

Author: Lluís Gómez-Gener, Anna Lupon, Hjalmar Laudon, and Ryan A. Sponseller
Subjects: Science
Abstract: High latitude droughts are increasing, but their effects on freshwater systems are poorly understood. Here the authors investigate Sweden’s most severe drought in the last century and show that these dry conditions induce hypoxia and elevated methane production from streams.
Published: 2020
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5. Integrated assessment of the net carbon footprint of small hydropower plants

Author: Lluís Gómez-Gener, Marina Gubau, Daniel von Schiller, Rafael Marcé, and Biel Obrador
Subjects: footprint, life cycle, carbon, emission, reservoir, impoundment, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Global assessments evaluating greenhouse gas emissions and climate benefits of hydropower rely on life cycle assessments (LCAs). However, small hydropower plants (i.e. installations with less than 10 MW; SHPs), are largely underrepresented in such schemes, despite their widespread proliferation and well-known ecological concerns. Here we quantified, partitioned, and compared the net carbon (C) footprint of four temperate SHPs with different operation designs over a 100 year time horizon. In contrast with previous hydropower LCAs studies, we followed an integrative net C footprint approach accounting for all potential sources and sinks of C within the life cycle of the studied SHPs, including both biogenic and non-biogenic sources, as well as for the pre- and post-impoundment stages involved in the flooding of the reservoir. We found that the areal and system-level C emissions were mostly driven by the residence time of the impounded water, which in turn was linked to the SHP operation type. The power installed in the SHPs did not have a relevant role on the net C fluxes. Accordingly, SHPs with smaller water storage capacity were almost neutral in terms of the C footprint. In contrast, SHPs with water storage facilities prolonged the water residence time in the reservoir and either acted as a source or sink of C. The long water residence time in these SHPs promoted either emission of biogenic gases from the surface or C storage in the sediments. Our work shows that integrative net C footprint assessments accounting for different operation designs are necessary to improve our understanding of the environmental effects of SHPs.
Published: 2023
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6. Early-Career Coordinated Distributed Experiments: Empowerment Through Collaboration

Author: Ada Pastor, Elena Hernández-del Amo, Pau Giménez-Grau, Mireia Fillol, Olatz Pereda, Lorea Flores, Isis Sanpera-Calbet, Andrea G. Bravo, Eduardo J. Martín, Sílvia Poblador, Maite Arroita, Rubén Rasines-Ladero, Celia Ruiz, Rubén del Campo, Meritxell Abril, Marta Reyes, Joan Pere Casas-Ruiz, Diego Fernández, Núria de Castro-Català, Irene Tornero, Carlos Palacin-Lizarbe, María Isabel Arce, Juanita Mora-Gómez, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Silvia Monroy, Anna Freixa, Anna Lupon, Alexia María González-Ferreras, Edurne Estévez, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Libe Solagaistua, Tamara Rodríguez-Castillo, Ibon Aristi, Aingeru Martínez, and Núria Catalán
Subjects: coordinated distributed experiment, early-career researchers, collaboration, peer-learning, networking, Education (General), L7-991
Abstract: Coordinated distributed experiments (CDEs) enable the study of large-scale ecological patterns in geographically dispersed areas, while simultaneously providing broad academic and personal benefits for the participants. However, the effective involvement of early-career researchers (ECRs) presents major challenges. Here, we analyze the benefits and challenges of the first CDE exclusively led and conducted by ECRs (i.e. ECR-CDE), which sets a baseline for similar CDEs, and we provide recommendations for successful CDE execution. ECR-CDEs achieve most of the outcomes identified in conventional CDEs as well as extensive benefits for the young cohort of researchers, including: (i) receiving scientific credit, (ii) peer-training in new concepts and methods, (iii) developing leadership and communication skills, (iv) promoting a peer network among ECRs, and (v) building on individual engagement and independence. We also discuss the challenges of ECR-CDEs, which are mainly derived from the lack of independence and instability of the participants, and we suggest mechanisms to address them, such as resource re-allocation and communication strategies. We conclude that ECR-CDEs can be a relevant tool to empower ECRs across disciplines by fostering their training, networking and personal well-being.
Published: 2020
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7. Dynamics and potential drivers of CO2 concentration and evasion across temporal scales in high-alpine streams

Author: Åsa Horgby, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Nicolas Escoffier, and Tom J Battin
Subjects: high-alpine streams, CO2 evasion fluxes, responsiveness to runoff, spring freshet, carbon fluxes, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Carbon dioxide (CO _2 ) evasion from streams greatly contributes to global carbon fluxes. Despite this, the temporal dynamics of CO _2 and its drivers remain poorly understood to date. This is particularly true for high-altitude streams. Using high-resolution time series of CO _2 concentration and specific discharge from sensors in twelve streams in the Swiss Alps, we studied over three years the responsiveness of both CO _2 concentration and evasion fluxes to specific discharge at annual scales and at the scale of the spring freshet. On an annual basis, our results show dilution responses of the streamwater CO _2 likely attributable to limited supply from sources within the catchment. Combining our sensor data with stable isotope analyses, we identify the spring freshet as a window where source limitation of the CO _2 evasion fluxes becomes relieved. CO _2 from soil respiration enters the streams during the freshet thereby facilitating CO _2 evasion fluxes that are potentially relevant for the carbon fluxes at catchment scale. Our study highlights the need for long-term measurements of CO _2 concentrations and fluxes to better understand and predict the role of streams for global carbon cycling.
Published: 2019
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8. River ecosystem metabolism and carbon biogeochemistry in a changing world

Author: Tom J. Battin, Ronny Lauerwald, Emily S. Bernhardt, Enrico Bertuzzo, Lluís Gómez Gener, Robert O. Hall, Erin R. Hotchkiss, Taylor Maavara, Tamlin M. Pavelsky, Lishan Ran, Peter Raymond, Judith A. Rosentreter, and Pierre Regnier
Subjects: inland waters, trends, agricultural land-use, Multidisciplinary, temporal variability, time-series, global surface-water, emissions, co2, fluxes, stream metabolism
Abstract: River networks represent the largest biogeochemical nexus between the continents, ocean and atmosphere. Our current understanding of the role of rivers in the global carbon cycle remains limited, which makes it difficult to predict how global change may alter the timing and spatial distribution of riverine carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions. Here we review the state of river ecosystem metabolism research and synthesize the current best available estimates of river ecosystem metabolism. We quantify the organic and inorganic carbon flux from land to global rivers and show that their net ecosystem production and carbon dioxide emissions shift the organic to inorganic carbon balance en route from land to the coastal ocean. Furthermore, we discuss how global change may affect river ecosystem metabolism and related carbon fluxes and identify research directions that can help to develop better predictions of the effects of global change on riverine ecosystem processes. We argue that a global river observing system will play a key role in understanding river networks and their future evolution in the context of the global carbon budget.
Published: 2023
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9. Regimes of primary production and their drivers in Alpine streams

Author: Tom J. Battin, Mélanie Clémençon, Stuart N. Lane, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Amber J. Ulseth, and Marta Boix Canadell
Subjects: Ecosystem metabolism, Primary (chemistry), Ecology, Global warming, alpine streams, Production (economics), Environmental science, carbon cycling, STREAMS, Aquatic Science, Stream metabolism, stream metabolism, Carbon cycle
Abstract: 1) Primary production is a fundamental ecosystem process that influences nutrient and carbon cycling, and trophic structure in streams. The magnitude and timing of gross primary production (GPP) are typically controlled by hydrology, light, nutrient availability and grazers. Estimates of GPP and its drivers in high-mountain streams remain elusive at present. 2) We estimated GPP in streams typical for high-mountain catchments, namely a glacier-fed, groundwater-fed (krenal) and a snowmelt-fed (nival) stream. Using high-resolution sensor data over 2 years in combination with numerical simulations of stream hydraulics, we studied the periods of GPP characteristic for these streams, as well as their major drivers. 3) Favourable windows for GPP were constrained to periods at the onset of the snowmelt and its recession, when photosynthetic active radiation at the streambed and streambed stability facilitated GPP. 4) During these windows of opportunity, GPP was higher in the nival stream (3.7 ± 3.4 g O2 m−2 day−1), followed by the glacier-fed (1.5 ± 1.6 g O2 m−2 day−1) and the krenal streams (0.6 ± 0.6 g O2 m−2 day−1). GPP was largely controlled by photosynthetic active radiation at the stream bottom, however, we were not able to establish an unequivocal relationship between flow-induced bed movement and GPP. 5) Our results highlight the capacity of primary producers to exploit the discrete and relatively predictable windows of opportunities in high-mountain streams. We propose that climate-driven change in snow and glacier melt reduction may ameliorate stream environmental conditions, thereby enhancing the potential autochthonous organic matter supply within the catchment.
Published: 2021
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10. Towards an improved understanding of biogeochemical processes across surface-groundwater interactions in intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams

Author: Vivien Pohl, Oleksandra Shumilova, Ourania Tzoraki, María Isabel Arce, Gabriele Weigelhofer, Clara Mendoza-Lera, Alexander Weigand, Annamaria Zoppini, Susana Bernal, Dominik Zak, Hans-Peter Grossart, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Shai Arnon, Giulia Gionchetta, Daniel von Schiller, Thibault Datry, Ute Risse-Buhl, Rossano Bolpagni, Andre R. Siebers, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), La Trobe University, University of Murcia, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research (BIDR), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Riverly (Riverly), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), University of Potsdam, University of Koblenz-Landau, Stroud Water Research Center, University of Dublin, Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), University of the Aegean, University of Barcelona, National Museum of Natural History [Luxembourg], INSTITUTE OF HYDROBIOLOGY AND AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT VIENNA AUT, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Aarhus University [Aarhus], and Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR)
Subjects: Biogeochemical cycle, Nutrient cycle, ecosystem ecology carbon, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Nitrogen, Earth science, Ecosystem ecology, Fluvial, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, nitrogen phosphorus, Watercourses, Intermittency, Stream network, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, watercoursesStream network, Non-perennial, Hydrogeomorphology, Biogeochemistry, Phosphorus, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, Carbon, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Surface water, Groundwater, Environmental Sciences
Abstract: Este artículo contiene 17 páginas, 7 figuras, 1 tabla., Surface-groundwater interactions in intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES), waterways which do not flow year-round, are spatially and temporally dynamic because of alternations between flowing, non-flowing and dry hydrological states. Interactions between surface and groundwater often create mixing zones with distinct redox gradients, potentially driving high rates of carbon and nutrient cycling. Yet a complete understanding of how underlying biogeochemical processes across surface-groundwater flowpaths in IRES differ among various hydrological states remains elusive. Here, we present a conceptual framework relating spatial and temporal hydrological variability in surface water-groundwater interactions to biogeochemical processing hotspots in IRES. We combine a review of theIRES biogeochemistry literature with concepts of IRES hydrogeomorphology to: (i) outline common distinctions among hydrological states in IRES; (ii) use these distinctions, together with considerations of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles within IRES, to predict the relative potential for biogeochemical processing across different reach-scale processing zones (flowing water, fragmented pools, hyporheic zones, groundwater, and emerged sediments); and (iii) explore the potential spatial and temporal variability of carbon and nutrient biogeochemical processing across entire IRES networks. Our approach estimates the greatest reach-scale potential for biogeochemical processing when IRES reaches are fragmented into isolated surface water pools, and highlights the potential of relatively understudied processing zones, such as emerged sediments. Furthermore, biogeochemical processing in fluvial networks dominated by IRES is likely more temporally than spatially variable. We conclude that biogeochemical research in IRES would benefit from focusing on interactions between different nutrient cycles, surface-groundwater interactions in non-flowing states, and consideration of fluvial network architecture. Our conceptual framework outlines opportunities to advance studies and expand understanding of biogeochemistry in IRES., This study is based upon work from COST Action CA15113 (SMIRES, Science and Management of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, www.smires.eu), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). A.S. was supported by the InterNet Project (Eawag Discretionary Funds, Ernst Gohner ¨ Foundation and Gelbert Foundation), S.A. was supported by the Israel Science Foundation (grant 682/17). G. W. was supported by Klima- and Energiefonds within the ACRP program (PURIFY - KR17AC0K13643). S.B. was supported by the Spanish Government through “Ramon ´ y Cajal” fellow (RYC-2017-22643). HP.G. was supported by the Leibniz Foundation via the IGB household. O.S. was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG grant SU 405/10- 1). A.W. was additionally supported by Klima- and Energiefonds within the ACRP program (PURIFY - KR17AC0K13643). V.P. is partially funded by the Environmental Protection Agency (Ireland) (EPA). U.R. was supported by a grant from the German Research Foundation (RI 2093/2- 1). S.O. was partially supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG grant SU 405/10-1). O.T. was partially supported by the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF). D.vS. was supported by a “Serra Húnter” Fellow. M.I.A. was supported by the “Juan de Cierva” postdoctoral program funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (Ref: IJC2018-036969-I).
Published: 2021
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11. Delineating the Continuum of Dissolved Organic Matter in Temperate River Networks

Author: Anne M. Kellerman, Rafael Marcé, Biel Obrador, François Guillemette, David C. Podgorski, Daniel von Schiller, Robert G. M. Spencer, Jens Hartmann, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Joan Pere Casas-Ruiz, and Sergi Sabater
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change, Continuum (measurement), Chemical diversity, Earth science, River network, Dissolved organic carbon, Temperate climate, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental science, General Environmental Science
Published: 2020
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12. Does the severity of non-flow periods influence ecosystem structure and function of temporary streams? A mesocosm study

Author: Meritxell Abril, Joan Pere Casas-Ruiz, Sergi Sabater, Biel Obrador, Vicenç Acuña, Isabel Muñoz, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Daniel von Schiller, Rafael Marcé, Margarita Menéndez, and Maria Casellas
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Total organic carbon, Hydrology, Biogeochemical cycle, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Global change, STREAMS, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, Arid, Mesocosm, Water column, Dissolved organic carbon, Environmental science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Global change is dramatically altering flow regimes worldwide. Among the most important consequences are the transition of many permanent waterways to temporary waterways, the increase in duration and frequency of non‐flow periods of temporary streams, and the increase in the severity (i.e. irradiance, temperature and humidity) of the non‐flow period. Nowadays, there is a lack of knowledge on how changes in duration, frequency and severity of the non‐flow period will reflect on biodiversity and biogeochemical changes in temporary streams. We designed a manipulative experiment using artificial streams to evaluate the effects of severity of the non‐flow period on stream biofilms. Sixteen artificial streams were assigned to four treatments: continuous flow, continuous intermittency and intermittency with and without rain events. Effects were assessed on selected features of stream biofilm structure (i.e. bacterial density and basal fluorescence) and function (photosynthetic efficiency and enzymatic activities), as well as CO₂ emissions and dissolved organic matter quantity and quality from water column and sediments. The occurrence of rain events during the non‐flow period enhanced organic carbon processing and CO₂ emissions to the atmosphere, reducing the sediment reservoir of exportable organic carbon and therefore reducing the dissolved organic carbon exports from streambeds at flow resumption. Given the ongoing reducing trends in the frequency of rain events in semi‐arid and arid regions, we expect temporary streams to process and emit less and to export more carbon to downstream systems.
Published: 2018
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13. Delving deeper: Metabolic processes in the metalimnion of stratified lakes

Author: Darren P. Giling, Fatih Evrendilek, Bertram Boehrer, Alo Laas, Ian D. Jones, Mark Honti, Peter A. Staehr, Ulrike Scharfenberger, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Michael J. Weber, Hans-Peter Grossart, Nusret Karakaya, Karsten Rinke, R. Iestyn Woolway, Silke R. Schmidt, Biel Obrador, Carmelo Escot, Mikkel René Andersen, Jacob A. Zwart, and Enrique Moreno-Ostos
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Stratification (water), Primary production, 15. Life on land, Aquatic Science, Biology, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, Epilimnion, Dissolved organic carbon, Ecosystem respiration, Thermocline, Diel vertical migration, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Trophic level
Abstract: Many lakes exhibit seasonal stratification, during which they develop strong thermal and chemical gradients. An expansion of depth-integrated monitoring programs has provided insight into the importance of organic carbon processing that occurs below the upper mixed layer. However, the chemical and physical drivers of metabolism and metabolic coupling remain unresolved, especially in the metalimnion. In this depth zone, sharp gradients in key resources such as light and temperature co-occur with dynamic physical conditions that influence metabolic processes directly and simultaneously hamper the accurate tracing of biological activity. We evaluated the drivers of metalimnetic metabolism and its associated uncertainty across 10 stratified lakes in Europe and North America. We hypothesized that the metalimnion would contribute highly to whole-lake functioning in clear oligotrophic lakes, and that metabolic rates would be highly variable in unstable polymictic lakes. Depth-integrated rates of gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) were modelled from diel dissolved oxygen curves using a Bayesian approach. Metabolic estimates were more uncertain below the epilimnion, but uncertainty was not consistently related to lake morphology or mixing regime. Metalimnetic rates exhibited high day-to-day variability in all trophic states, with the metalimnetic contribution to daily whole-lake GPP and ER ranging from 0% to 87% and
Published: 2017
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14. Global CO2 emissions from dry inland waters share common drivers across ecosystems

Author: C. Feijoó, Jong-Gil Park, Nusret Karakaya, Jason Condon, Sarian Kosten, Rafael Marcé, Giovanna Flaim, Annika Linkhorst, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Hans-Peter Grossart, M. Melita, Catherine Leigh, M. M. Sánchez-Montoya, Philipp S. Keller, D. von Schiller, Sophie Cauvy-Fraunié, E. S. Oliveira Junior, Tenna Riis, Qian Zhang, Gabriela Onandia, Marieke A. Frassl, Clara Mendoza-Lera, André Megali Amado, Fábio Roland, Claumir Cezar Muniz, María Isabel Arce, Thibault Datry, Ada Pastor, Ralf Aben, Alo Laas, Julia Howitt, Ulrike Obertegger, Arturo Elosegi, C. M. Finlayson, Raquel Mendonça, Matthias Koschorreck, José R. Paranaíba, Biel Obrador, Florian Reverey, Núria Catalán, Rosa Gómez, Eva-Ingrid Rõõm, Nathan Barros, R. del Campo, H. Wang, CATALAN INSTITUTE FOR WATER RESEARCH GIRONA ESP, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Leibniz Association, DEPARTMENT OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES FACULTY OF BIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA ESP, Laboratoire de Nanophysique Magnétisme et Optoélectronique (LNMO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), FONDAZIONE EDMUND MACH SAN MICHELE ALL ADIGE ITA, Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología [Río Negro] (IIPG), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (UNRN), DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY FACULTY OF BIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF MURCIA ESP, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Fluviaux (EHF), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, China Jiliang University (CJLU), RADBOUD UNIVERSITY NIJMEGEN NLD, Honda Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, IHE Delft, Institute for Water Education, Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Instituto Catalán de Investigación del Agua - ICRA (SPAIN) (ICRA), Universitat de Girona (UdG), University of Barcelona, University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University [Brisbane], Abant Izzet Baysal University - Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Charles Sturt University [Australia], RiverLy - Fonctionnement des hydrosystèmes (RiverLy), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie] (FEM), Radboud University [Nijmegen], Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Uppsala University, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Universidad de Murcia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte [Natal] (UFRN), Utah State University (USU), Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU), EWHA Womans University (EWHA), Universidad Nacional de Luján [Buenos Aires], University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Institute for Water Education (IHE Delft ), CNR Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Umeå University, Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University (RMIT University), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology (Niglas), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), GLEON (Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network)-German Research Foundation (DFG) : KO1911 / 6-1, GR1540 / 23-1-Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities : CGL2017-86788-C3-3-P, CGL2017-86788-C3-2-P-Spanish Government European Commission : CGL2016-77487-R-Basque Government : IT951-16-BBVA Foundation : 06417-European Research Council (ERC) European Commission :336642-National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) : 310033/2017-9-Carlsberg Foundation : CF16-0325-Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) : 86312012-Ministry of Education and Research, Estonia : IUT 21-02-Estonian Research Council : PUT PSG32, PUT1598-National Research Foundation of Korea : 2017R1D1A1B06035179-Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) : 2WCL1337A-Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD) : 57218695-Fundacion Seneca : 20645/JLI/18-Beatriu de Pinos grant : 201600215-Ramon Areces Foundation postgraduate studies programme -University of Murcia : FPU R-269/2014 001-French Agency for Biodiversity - Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI) -European Commission : FEDER-MCIU-AEI/CGL2017-86788-C3-European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) : CA15113, BAİBÜ, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü, Karakaya, Nusret, Universitat de Girona [Girona], Department of Environmental Engineering, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Gölköy Campus, 14280 Bolu, Turkey, Riverly (Riverly), Radboud university [Nijmegen], Inst Landscape Biogeochem, Leibniz Ctr Agr Landscape Res, Muncheberg, Germany, Partenaires INRAE, ESTONIAN UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES RUNNU EST, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of Mato Grosso State, INSTITUTE FOR FUTURE ENVIRONMENTS AND SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY BRISBANE AUS, École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)
Subjects: Drawdown, General Physics and Astronomy, Wetland, hydrology, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Klimatforskning, chemistry.chemical_compound, Environmental protection, Seas, Responses, Canvi climàtic, lcsh:Science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Respiration, Carbon cycle, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Miljövetenskap, Dry sediments, Mar, Fluxes, Carbon dioxide, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 0210 nano-technology, Climate Research, Science, 010402 general chemistry, CO2 emissions, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Carbon-dioxide emissions, Atmosphere, Hydrology (agriculture), Rivers, Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA, Ecosystem, geography, Aquatic Ecology, Global change, Exchange, General Chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Climatic change, CO2 fluxes, Lakes, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Reservoirs, Greenhouse gas, Ecological Microbiology, Environmental science, lcsh:Q, Ch4 emissions, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Diòxid de carboni, Environmental Sciences, Greenhouse-gas emissions
Abstract: Many inland waters exhibit complete or partial desiccation, or have vanished due to global change, exposing sediments to the atmosphere. Yet, data on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from these sediments are too scarce to upscale emissions for global estimates or to understand their fundamental drivers. Here, we present the results of a global survey covering 196 dry inland waters across diverse ecosystem types and climate zones. We show that their CO2 emissions share fundamental drivers and constitute a substantial fraction of the carbon cycled by inland waters. CO2 emissions were consistent across ecosystem types and climate zones, with local characteristics explaining much of the variability. Accounting for such emissions increases global estimates of carbon emissions from inland waters by 6% (~0.12 Pg C y−1). Our results indicate that emissions from dry inland waters represent a significant and likely increasing component of the inland waters carbon cycle., Many inland waters seasonally or permanently dry up, thus exposing sediments to the atmosphere. Here the authors show that a substantial amount of CO2 is emitted from these dry sediments, increasing current inland water carbon flux estimates by 6%.
Published: 2020
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15. A tale of pipes and reactors: Controls on the in-stream dynamics of dissolved organic matter in rivers

Author: Joan Pere Casas-Ruiz, Sergi Sabater, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Núria Catalán, Daniel von Schiller, Pilar López, Biel Obrador, Dolly N. Kothawala, and Rafael Marcé
Subjects: Hydrology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Passive behavior, Flux, chemistry.chemical_element, Biogeochemistry, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, Residence time (fluid dynamics), 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Key factors, Nitrate, chemistry, Dissolved organic carbon, Environmental science, Carbon, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The potential for rivers to alter the flux of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from land to ocean is widely accepted. Yet anticipating when and where rivers behave as active reactors vs. passive pipes of DOM stands as a major knowledge gap in river biogeochemistry, resulting in uncertainties for global carbon models. Here, we investigate the controls on in-stream DOM dynamics by evaluating changes in DOM concentration and composition along several reaches of a medium-sized river network over one full hydrological year. Roughly half of the observations over time and space showed active reactor conditions and, among these, similar proportion of gains and losses was measured. High water residence times promoted the active over passive behavior of the reaches, while DOM properties and nitrate availability determined whether they supplied or removed DOM from the river. Among different DOM fractions, protein-like DOM both of terrestrial and aquatic origin seemed to drive bulk DOM patterns. Our study emphasizes the role of water residence time as a physical constraint for in-stream processes, and provides new insights into the key factors governing the net balance between in-stream gains and losses of DOM in rivers.
Published: 2017
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16. Low contribution of internal metabolism to carbon dioxide emissions along lotic and lentic environments of a Mediterranean fluvial network

Author: Joan Pere Casas-Ruiz, Peter A. Staehr, Maite Arroita, Vicenç Acuña, Daniel von Schiller, Rafael Marcé, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Biel Obrador, and Sergi Sabater
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Hydrology, Atmospheric Science, geography, River ecosystem, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Lake ecosystem, Drainage basin, Paleontology, Soil Science, Fluvial, Climate change, Forestry, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, Hydrology (agriculture), Greenhouse gas, Dissolved organic carbon, Environmental science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: Inland waters are significant sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. CO2 supersaturation and subsequent CO2 emissions from inland waters can be driven by internal metabolism, external inputs of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) derived from the catchment, and other processes (e.g., internal geochemical reactions of calcite precipitation or photochemical mineralization of organic solutes). However, the sensitivity of the magnitude and sources of CO2 emissions to fluvial network hydromorphological alterations is still poorly understood. Here we investigated both the magnitude and sources of CO2 emissions from lotic (i.e., running waters) and lentic (i.e., stagnant waters associated to small dams) waterbodies of a Mediterranean fluvial network by computing segment-scale mass balances of CO2. Our results showed that sources other than internal metabolism sustained most (82%) of the CO2 emissions from the studied fluvial network. The magnitude and sources of CO2 emissions in lotic waterbodies were highly dependent on hydrology, with higher emissions dominated by DIC inputs derived from the catchment during high flows and lower emissions partially fueled by CO2 produced biologically within the river during low flows. In contrast, CO2 emissions in lentic waterbodies were low, relatively stable over the time and the space, and dominated by DIC inputs from the catchment regardless of the different hydrological situations. Overall, our results stress the sensitivity of fluvial networks to human activities and climate change and particularly highlight the role of hydromorphological conditions on modulating the magnitude and sources of CO2 emissions from fluvial networks.
Published: 2016
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17. Sediment Respiration Pulses in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams

Author: Robert J. Rolls, Chelsea J. Little, Simone Guareschi, Annamaria Zoppini, R. Vander Vorste, Eduardo J. Martín, Arnaud Foulquier, Núria Cid, Kate S. Boersma, Michael T. Bogan, Björn Gücker, Cleo Woelfle-Erskine, Amina Taleb, V. D. Diaz-Villanueva, Manuela Morais, J. Marshall, Arturo Elosegi, Vladimir Pešić, Lluís Gómez-Gener, S. Kubheka, Marko Miliša, Clara Mendoza-Lera, Florian Altermatt, Rachel Stubbington, Iola G. Boëchat, Ryan M. Burrows, Arnaud Dehedin, Damien Banas, Iñaki Odriozola, Núria Bonada, Roland Corti, Marcos Moleón, R. Gómez, Ricardo J. Albariño, Erin E. Beller, Alex Laini, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Andreas Bruder, Melanie L. Blanchette, Felicitas Hoppeler, Shai Arnon, B. de Freitas Terra, A. Papatheodoulou, Nathan J. Waltham, Christophe Piscart, Rafael Marcé, Catherine M. Febria, A. Uzan, Peter M. Negus, Dev K. Niyogi, Dominik Zak, Sophie Cauvy-Fraunié, Ana Savić, Catherine Leigh, R. Figueroa, Sarig Gafny, Alisha L. Steward, Emile Faye, Elisabeth I. Meyer, Petr Pařil, Daniel C. Allen, Klement Tockner, D. von Schiller, Mark O. Gessner, K. Brintrup, Jason L. Hwan, Fiona Dyer, C. P. Duerdoth, Gonzalo García-Baquero, Michael Danger, Isabel Pardo, Musa C. Mlambo, R. del Campo, Tommaso Cancellario, Brian Four, A. M. De Girolamo, Thibault Datry, Oleksandra Shumilova, María Isabel Arce, M. M. Sánchez-Montoya, Marek Polášek, Nick Bond, Juan F. Blanco-Libreros, Simone D. Langhans, Stephanie M. Carlson, Andy Banegas-Medina, Manuel A. S. Graça, Joanna Blessing, Biel Obrador, Stefan Lorenz, Christiane Zarfl, Angus R. McIntosh, European Commission, Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Leibniz Association, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country, Department of Advanced Materials, Cranfield University, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Fluviaux (EHF), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Purdue University [West Lafayette], Centro de investigaciones biológicas, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Electronique Quantique, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB)-Faculté de Physique, 748625, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, 603629, European Commission, CGL2017‐86788‐C3‐3‐P, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, PP00P3_179089, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, IT‐951‐16, Eusko Jaurlaritza, CA15113, European Cooperation in Science and Technology, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), RiverLy (UR Riverly), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Austrian Science Fund (FWF), Instituto Catalán de Investigación del Agua - ICRA (SPAIN) (ICRA), Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization [Prague] (MBU / CAS), Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (MBU / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), University of Barcelona, Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Nottingham Trent University, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente [Bariloche] (INIBIOMA-CONICET), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA), University of Oklahoma (OU), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research (BIDR), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Universidad de Concepción - University of Concepcion [Chile], Department of Geography [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Edith Cowan University (ECU), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO)-Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Universidad de Antioquia = University of Antioquia [Medellín, Colombia], Queensland Government, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), University of San Diego, University of Arizona, La Trobe University, Scuola universitaria professionale della Svizzera italiana [Manno] (SUPSI), Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University [Brisbane], Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] (UNAV), Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management [Berkeley] (ESPM), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade Estadual Vale do Acarau, Asconit Consultants, National Research Council, Water Research Institute, Universidad de Murcia, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), University of Canberra, Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (UPR HORTSYS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), School of biological Sciences [Christchurch], University of Canterbury [Christchurch], University of Windsor [Ca], Département Ecologie des Forêts, Prairies et milieux Aquatiques (DEPT EFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ruppin Academic Center, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science [Umeå], Umeå University, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE UC), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], Loughborough University, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity (IEB), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), University of Zagreb, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Universidade de Évora, Missouri University of Science and Technology (Missouri S&T), University of Missouri System, Terra Cypria - Cyprus Conservation Foundation, Universidade de Vigo, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), University of Montenegro (UCG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England (UNE), University of Niš, Freie Universität Berlin, University of Trento [Trento], Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Partenaires INRAE, Centre for TropicalWater and Aquatic Ecosystem Research (TropWATER), School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Australia], James Cook University (JCU)-James Cook University (JCU), University of Washington [Seattle], Universität Rostock, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Center for Applied Geoscience [Tübingen] (ZAG), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Short-Term Scientific Mission of the COST Action : CA15113, European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST), European Commission : 603629 , 748625, Grant for Research Groups of the Basque University System - Basque Government : IT-951-16, Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through project CHYDROCHANGE : CGL2017-86788C3-2-P , CGL2017-86788-C3-3-P, Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) - European Commission : PP00P3_150698, PP00P3_179089, EU project LIFE+ TRivers : LIFE13 ENV/ES/000341, INTER-COST project : LTC17017, CONICYT/FONDAT/15130015, European Project: 748625,H2020-MSCA-IF-2016,SABER CULTURAL, European Project: 0934954(2009), Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague, Czech Republic] (MBU / CAS), Technical University of Berlin / Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of San Diego (USD), Scuola universitaria professionale della Svizzera italiana = University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland [Manno] (SUPSI), Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Carbon sequestration, 0106 biological sciences, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, river, CO, 2, intermittent, respiration, stream, temporary, STREAMS, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, River sediments, chemistry.chemical_compound, Rivers, Respiration, Environmental Chemistry, Ecosystem, Captura i emmagatzematge de diòxid de carboni, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Cursos d'aigua, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Riparian zone, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Sediments fluvials, fungi, River, Stream, Intermittent, Temporary, CO2, CO2 emissions, C cycling, stream respiration, Sediment, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, chemistry, 13. Climate action, CO 2, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Carbon dioxide, Plant cover, Environmental science
Abstract: The dataset (Data File S1; DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8863721) and the R code used to generate the results (Code S1; DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8863655), including step by step explanations of the statistical tests, have been deposited in Figshare Digital Repository (https://figshare.com/projects/Sediment_Respiration_Pulses_in_Intermittent_Rivers_and_Ephemeral_Streams/66104)., Intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES) may represent over half the global stream network, but their contribution to respiration and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is largely undetermined. In particular, little is known about the variability and drivers of respiration in IRES sediments upon rewetting, which could result in large pulses of CO2. We present a global study examining sediments from 200 dry IRES reaches spanning multiple biomes. Results from standardized assays show that mean respiration increased 32–66-fold upon sediment rewetting. Structural equation modelling indicates that this response was driven by sediment texture and organic matter quantity and quality, which, in turn, were influenced by climate, land use and riparian plant cover. Our estimates suggest that respiration pulses resulting from rewetting of IRES sediments could contribute significantly to annual CO2 emissions from the global stream network, with a single respiration pulse potentially increasing emission by 0.2–0.7%. As the spatial and temporal extent of IRES increases globally, our results highlight the importance of recognizing the influence of wetting-drying cycles on respiration and CO2 emissions in stream networks., We thank Y. Etxeberria, L. Sánchez, C. Gutiérrez, G. LeGoff and B. Launay for laboratory support. DvS was supported by a Short-Term Scientific Mission of the COST Action CA15113 (SMIRES, Science and Management of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, www.smires.eu), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) and received additional funding from the EU’s 7th Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No. 603629 (GLOBAQUA) and a Grant for Research Groups of the Basque University System (IT-951-16) funded by the Basque Government. RM and BO were supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through project C-HYDROCHANGE (CGL2017-86788-C3-2-P and CGL2017-86788-C3-3-P). FA was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation grants No. PP00P3_150698 and PP00P3_179089. NC was supported by the EU project LIFE+ TRivers (LIFE13 ENV/ES/000341). SDL received funding from the EU’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 748625. PP and MP were supported by INTER-COST project LTC17017. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Published: 2019
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18. Simulating rewetting events in intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams: a global analysis of leached nutrients and organic matter

Author: Arnaud Foulquier, Michael T. Bogan, Björn Gücker, Roland Corti, Daniel von Schiller, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Fiona Dyer, Vladimir Pešić, Stefan Lorenz, Klement Tockner, Jonathan C. Marshall, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Ana Savić, Thibault Datry, Dominik Zak, Rubén del Campo, Marcos Moleón, Clara Mendoza-Lera, Elisabeth I. Meyer, Chelsea J. Little, Simone Guareschi, Ross Vander Vorste, Richardo Figueroa, Florian Altermatt, Michael Danger, Oleksandra Shumilova, Musa C. Mlambo, Rosa Gómez Cerezo, Annamaria Zoppini, Joanna Blessing, Kate S. Boersma, Petr Paril, Núria Bonada, Alisha L. Steward, Christiane Zarfl, Amina Taleb, Manuel A. S. Graça, Juan F. Blanco-Libreros, Peter M. Negus, Isabel Pardo, Iola G. Boëchat, Ryan M. Burrows, Stephanie M. Carlson, Angus R. McIntosh, Mark O. Gessner, Andy Banegas-Medina, Simone D. Langhans, María Isabel Arce, Kate Brintrup, Rachel Stubbington, Pierre Gnohossou, Biel Obrador, Athina Papatheodoulou, Erin E. Beller, Nick Bond, Shai Arnon, Robert J. Rolls, Brian Four, Catherine M. Febria, Sophie Cauvy-Fraunié, Bianca de Freitas Terra, Catherine Leigh, Emile Faye, Andreas Bruder, Daniel C. Allan, Jason L. Hwan, Núria Cid, Skhumbuzo Kubheka, Damien Banas, Nathan J. Waltham, M. M. Sánchez-Montoya, Arturo Elosegi, Marko Miliša, Dev K. Niyogi, Anna Maria De Girolamo, Tommaso Cancellario, Melanie L. Blanchette, European Commission, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Freie Universität Berlin, University of Trento, Universität Rostock, Aarhus University, Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture (IRSTEA), University of the Basque Country (University of the Basque Country), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), University of Barcelona, Austrian Science Fund (FWF), University of Oklahoma (OU), University of Zurich, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Universidad de Concepción, University of California [Berkeley], University of California, Edith Cowan University, University of Antioquia, Queensland Government, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of Arizona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), La Trobe University, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Switzerland, Griffith University [Brisbane], University of Navarra, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lorraine (UL), Universidade Estadual Vale do Acarau, National Council of Research, Water Research Institute, Universidad de Murcia, University of Canberra, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of Canterbury, University of Windsor, Département Ecologie des Forêts, Prairies et milieux Aquatiques (DEPT EFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Berlin Institute of Technology, Université de Parakou, Umea University, University of Coimbra, Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Queensland University of Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG), Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Brandenburg University of Technology, University of Münster, University of Zagreb, Rhodes University, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Missouri University of Science and Technology (Missouri S&T), University of Missouri System, Terra Cypria - Cyprus Conservation Foundation, Universidate de Vigo, Masaryk University, University of Montenegro (UCG), University of New England (UNE), University of Niš, Nottingham Trent University, Université de Tlemcen, James Cook University (JCU), University of Tübingen, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Canterbury [Christchurch], University of Windsor [Ca], Université de Parakou (UP), Department of Ecology and Environmental Science [Umeå], Umeå University, Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Universidade de Vigo, and Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Geologic Sediments, sédiment, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate, rehumectation, 01 natural sciences, Substance nutritive, Klimatforskning, chemistry.chemical_compound, zone humide temporaire, Nutrient, Nitrate, matière organique dissoute, Dissolved organic carbon, Canvi climàtic, Primary Research Article, Organic Chemicals, General Environmental Science, chemistry.chemical_classification, Global and Planetary Change, leaf litter, cycle des nutriments, Ecology, zone climatique, Litière végétale, Sediments fluvials, sediments, Lessivage du sol, 6. Clean water, Lixiviació, biofilms, leaching, rewetting, temporary rivers, climatic region, climate change, Environmental chemistry, Leaching (pedology), Biogeochemical cycle, Climate Research, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Cours d'eau, Climate change, Biological Availability, 010603 evolutionary biology, River sediments, Sécheresse, biodisponibilité, Rivers, Environmental Chemistry, Organic matter, litière du sol, Matière organique, P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion, variation géographique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Changement climatique, Nitrates, entraînement par lessivage, P35 - Fertilité du sol, Nutrients, 15. Life on land, Primary Research Articles, Arid, Climatic change, Plant Leaves, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, bioavailability
Abstract: Climate change and human pressures are changing the global distribution and the extent of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES), which comprise half of the global river network area. IRES are characterized by periods of flow cessation, during which channel substrates accumulate and undergo physico‐chemical changes (preconditioning), and periods of flow resumption, when these substrates are rewetted and release pulses of dissolved nutrients and organic matter (OM). However, there are no estimates of the amounts and quality of leached substances, nor is there information on the underlying environmental constraints operating at the global scale. We experimentally simulated, under standard laboratory conditions, rewetting of leaves, riverbed sediments, and epilithic biofilms collected during the dry phase across 205 IRES from five major climate zones. We determined the amounts and qualitative characteristics of the leached nutrients and OM, and estimated their areal fluxes from riverbeds. In addition, we evaluated the variance in leachate characteristics in relation to selected environmental variables and substrate characteristics. We found that sediments, due to their large quantities within riverbeds, contribute most to the overall flux of dissolved substances during rewetting events (56%–98%), and that flux rates distinctly differ among climate zones. Dissolved organic carbon, phenolics, and nitrate contributed most to the areal fluxes. The largest amounts of leached substances were found in the continental climate zone, coinciding with the lowest potential bioavailability of the leached OM. The opposite pattern was found in the arid zone. Environmental variables expected to be modified under climate change (i.e. potential evapotranspiration, aridity, dry period duration, land use) were correlated with the amount of leached substances, with the strongest relationship found for sediments. These results show that the role of IRES should be accounted for in global biogeochemical cycles, especially because prevalence of IRES will increase due to increasing severity of drying events., In this study we experimentally simulated under laboratory conditions rewetting of leaves, riverbed sediments, and epilithic biofilms collected during the dry phase from intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams covering global spatial scale. We determined the amounts and quality of the leached nutrients and dissolved organic matter, assessed their inter‐substrate and cross‐climate differences, and estimated areal fluxes from 1 m2 of riverbeds. In addition, we evaluated the variance in leachate characteristics related to selected environmental variables and substrate characteristics.
Published: 2019
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19. Urban Algae - Ecological Status and the Perception of Ecosystem Services of Urban Ponds

Author: Herrero, Sonia, Stratmann, Cleo, Stephan, Susanne, Velthuis, Mandy, Kaiser, Nina, Podschun, Simone A., B. M. Carreira, Angona, Carmen Espinosa, Meritxell Abril, Alirangues, Marta, Amadori, Marina, Anca-Mihaela Șuteu, Arias-Real, Rebeca, Arranz, Ignasi, Bercea, Silviu, Bodmer, Pascal, Borrego-Ramos, María, Burgazzi, Gemma, Cabrerizo, Marco J., Castro-López, Daniel, Chmist-Sikorska, Joanna, Lozano, Miriam Colls, Dinu, Valentin, Enache, Ioana, Ersoy, Zeynep, Estevez, Edurne, Fork, Megan, Freeman, Anna, Frenken, Thijs, Georgieva, Galia, Lluís Gómez-Gener, González-Ferreras, Alexia María, González-Trujillo, Juan David, Granados, Veronica, Grujčić, Vesna, Hinegk, Luigi, Tsvetelina Isheva, Jiménez, Laura, Kajan, Katarina, Király, Edit, Klaus, Marcus, Kochalski, Sophia, Kókai, Zsuzsanna, Kulaš, Antonija, Kust, Andreja, Lengyel, Edina, Mazacotte, Gregorio Alejandro López Moreira, Lukács, Áron, Lumpi, Theresa, Miralles-Lorenzo, Javier, Montes, Jorge, Morant, Daniel, Moreno-Linares, Emilio, Morini, Giuliano, Moza Maria Iasmina, Maíra Mucci, Münzner, Karla, Musseau, Camille, Myrstener, Maria, Nagler, Magdalena, Nava, Veronica, Nderjaku, Sara, Ndoj, Eriselda, Niedrist, Georg H., Nilsson, Jenny, Darmina Nita, Olenici, Adriana, Palmia, Beatrice, Palou, Albert, Patelli, Martina, Pérez-Silos, Ignacio, Puche, Eric, Renes, Sophia, Rimcheska Biljana, Rocher-Ros, Gerard, Rodríguez-Castillo, Tamara, Rodríguez-Lozano, Pablo, Sagouis, Alban, Salvadore, Andrea, Pedro, Raquel Sánchez De, Klea Selimollari, Selmeczy, Géza, Severini, Edoardo, Sgarzi, Serena, Kavagutti, Vinicius, Stambolski, Vladimir, Stammnitz, Max, Stoianova, Desislava, Subeva, Monika, Szałkiewicz, Ewelina, Santos, Sara Turiel, Urban, Lara H, Máté Vass, Vázquez, Víctor, Viza, Aida, Aitziber Zufiaurre, and Evtimova, Vesela
Published: 2019
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20. Effect of small water retention structures on diffusive CO2 and CH4 emissions along a highly impounded river

Author: Lluís Gómez-Gener, Rafael Marcé, Biel Obrador, Marina Gubau, Daniel von Schiller, and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, dam, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Fluvial, fluvial network, Oceanografi, hydrologi och vattenresurser, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, Methane, chemistry.chemical_compound, Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources, Rivers, fragmentation, medicine, Metà, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Cursos d'aigua, Hydrology, greenhouse gas emissions, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Fragmentation (computing), discontinuum, poundment, regulation, Miljövetenskap, Water retention, chemistry, Carbon dioxide, Greenhouse gas, Environmental science, medicine.symptom, Diòxid de carboni, Carbon, Environmental Sciences
Abstract: The impoundment of running waters through the construction of large dams is recognised as one of the most important factors determining the transport, transformation, and outgassing of carbon (C) in fluvial networks. However, the effects of small and very small water retention structures (SWRS) on the magnitude and spatiotemporal patterns of C emissions are still unknown, even though SWRS are the most common type of water retention structure causing river fragmentation worldwide. Here we evaluated and compared diffusive carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions from river sections impounded by SWRS and from their adjacent free-flowing sections along a highly impounded river. Emissions from impounded river sections (mean [SE] = 17.7 [2.8] and 0.67 [0.14] mmol m(-2)d(-1), for CO2 and CH4, respectively) never exceeded those from their adjacent free-flowing river sections (230.6 [49.7] and 2.14 [0.54] mmol m(-2)d(-1)). We attribute this finding to the reduced turbulence in impounded river sections induced by SWRS compared to free-flowing river sections (i.e., physical driver). Likewise, the presence of SWRS favoured an increase of the concentration of CH4 in impounded waters, but this increase was not sufficient to cause a significant influence in the CH4 efflux from the downstream free-flowing river sections. By contrast, this influenced the larger-scale longitudinal patterns of dissolved CH4, which exhibited a dear shifting pattern along the study stretch, modulated by variables associated with the presence of SWRS, such as higher water residence times, higher sedimentation rates, and higher temperatures. Overall, our results show that the presence of SWRS can modify the concentrations of C gases in highly impounded rivers but exerts a minor influence on diffusive C emissions.
Published: 2018

21. When Water Vanishes: Magnitude and Regulation of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Dry Temporary Streams

Author: Biel Obrador, Joan Pere Casas-Ruiz, Vicenç Acuña, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Núria Catalán, Daniel von Schiller, Isabel Muñoz, Sergi Sabater, Rafael Marcé, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Espanya), and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Espanya)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sequeres, Fluvial, STREAMS, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Environmental Chemistry, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecologia fluvial, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Hydrology, Gasos d'efecte hivernacle, Ecology, greenhouse gas emissions, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Sediment, Global change, streams, Droughts, Stream ecology, intermittent, Greenhouse gases, chemistry, Greenhouse gas, Carbon dioxide, Soil water, Environmental science, Spatial variability
Abstract: Most fluvial networks worldwide include watercourses that recurrently cease to flow and run dry. The spatial and temporal extent of the dry phase of these temporary watercourses is increasing as a result of global change. Yet, current estimates of carbon emissions from fluvial networks do not consider temporary watercourses when they are dry. We characterized the magnitude and variability of carbon emissions from dry watercourses by measuring the carbon dioxide (CO2) flux from 10 dry streambeds of a fluvial network during the dry period and comparing it to the CO2 flux from the same streambeds during the flowing period and to the CO2 flux from their adjacent upland soils. We also looked for potential drivers regulating the CO2 emissions by examining the main physical and chemical properties of dry streambed sediments and adjacent upland soils. The CO2 efflux from dry streambeds (mean ± SD = 781.4 ± 390.2 mmol m−2 day−1) doubled the CO2 efflux from flowing streambeds (305.6 ± 206.1 mmol m−2 day−1) and was comparable to the CO2 efflux from upland soils (896.1 ± 263.2 mmol m−2 day−1). However, dry streambed sediments and upland soils were physicochemically distinct and differed in the variables regulating their CO2 efflux. Overall, our results indicate that dry streambeds constitute a unique and biogeochemically active habitat that can emit significant amounts of CO2 to the atmosphere. Thus, omitting CO2 emissions from temporary streams when they are dry may overlook the role of a key component of the carbon balance of fluvial networks This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the Projects CGL2011-30474-C02-01 and CGL2014-58760-C3-1-R.
Published: 2016
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22. Hot spots for carbon emissions from Mediterranean fluvial networks during summer drought

Author: Joan Pere Casas-Ruiz, Lorenzo Proia, Vicenç Acuña, Núria Catalán, Daniel von Schiller, Rafael Marcé, Matthias Koschorreck, Isabel Muñoz, Biel Obrador, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Espanya), and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Espanya)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, Hydrology, Gasos d'efecte hivernacle, Fluvial, Biogeochemistry, Global change, Biogeoquímica, Atmosphere, chemistry.chemical_compound, Greenhouse gases, chemistry, Greenhouse gas, Carbon dioxide, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental science, Ecosystem, Metà, Methane, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: During summer drought, Mediterranean fluvial networks are transformed into highly heterogeneous landscapes characterized by different environments (i.e., running and impounded waters, isolated river pools and dry beds). This hydrological setting defines novel biogeochemically active areas that could potentially increase the rates of carbon emissions from the fluvial network to the atmosphere. Using chamber methods, we aimed to identify hot spots for carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions from two typical Mediterranean fluvial networks during summer drought. The CO2 efflux from dry beds (mean ± SE = 209 ± 10 mmolCO2m-2 d-1) was comparable to that from running waters (120 ± 33 mmol m-2 d-1) and significantly higher than from impounded waters (36.6 ± 8.5 mmol m-2 d-1) and isolated pools (17.2 ± 0.9 mmol m-2 d-1). In contrast, the CH4 efflux did not significantly differ among environments, although the CH4 efflux was notable in some impounded waters (13.9 ± 10.1 mmol CH4 m-2 d-1) and almost negligible in the remaining environments (mean\0.3 mmol m-2 d-1). Diffusion was the only mechanism driving CO2 efflux in all environments and was most likely responsible for CH4 efflux in running waters, isolated pools and dry beds. In contrast, the CH4 efflux in impounded waters was primarily ebullition-based. Using a simple heuristic approach to simulate potential changes in carbon emissions from Mediterranean fluvial networks under future hydrological scenarios, we show that an extreme drying out (i.e., a four-fold increase of the surface area of dry beds) would double the CO2 efflux from the fluvial network. Correspondingly, an extreme transformation of running waters into impounded waters (i.e., a twofold increase of the surface area of impounded waters) would triple the CH4 efflux. Thus, carbon emissions from dry beds and impounded waters should be explicitly considered in carbon assessments of fluvial networks, particularly under predicted global change scenarios, which are expected to increase the spatial and temporal extent of these environments This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the projects CGL2011-30474-C02-01 and CGL2014-58760-C3-1-R
Published: 2015
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23. Effects of water flow regulation on ecosystem functioning in a Mediterranean river network assessed by wood decomposition

Author: Joan Pere Casas-Ruiz, Francesc Oliva, Meritxell Abril, Margarita Menéndez, Isabel Muñoz, Milagros Barceló, and Lluís Gómez-Gener
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, Hydrology, Biomass (ecology), geography, Environmental Engineering, River ecosystem, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Water flow, Drainage basin, Lake ecosystem, STREAMS, Wood, Pollution, Plant Leaves, Rivers, Water Movements, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental science, Ecosystem, Biomass, Seasons, Waste Management and Disposal, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: Mediterranean rivers are extensively modified by flow regulation practises along their courses. An important part of the river impoundment in this area is related to the presence of small dams constructed mainly for water abstraction purposes. These projects drastically modified the ecosystem morphology, transforming lotic into lentic reaches and increasing their alternation along the river. Hydro-morphologial differences between these reaches indicate that flow regulation can trigger important changes in the ecosystem functioning. Decomposition of organic matter is an integrative process and this complexity makes it a good indicator of changes in the ecosystem. The aim of this study was to assess the effect caused by flow regulation on ecosystem functioning at the river network scale, using wood decomposition as a functional indicator. We studied the mass loss from wood sticks during three months in different lotic and lentic reaches located along a Mediterranean river basin, in both winter and summer. Additionally, we identified the environmental factors affecting decomposition rates along the river orders. The results revealed differences in decomposition rates between sites in both seasons that were principally related to the differences between stream orders. The rates were mainly related to temperature, nutrient concentrations (NO2(-), NO3(2-)) and water residence time. High-order streams with higher temperature and nutrient concentrations exhibited higher decomposition rates compared with low-order streams. The effect of the flow regulation on the decomposition rates only appeared to be significant in high orders, especially in winter, when the hydrological characteristics of lotic and lentic habitats widely varied. Lotic reaches with lower water residence time exhibited greater decomposition rates compared with lentic reaches probably due to more physical abrasion and differences in the microbial assemblages. Overall, our study revealed that in high orders the reduction of flow caused by flow regulation affects the wood decomposition indicating changes in ecosystem functioning.
Published: 2015
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24. A global analysis of terrestrial plant litter dynamics in non-perennial waterways

Author: Roland Corti, Clara Mendoza-Lera, Ross Vander Vorste, María Isabel Arce, Iola G. Boëchat, Ryan M. Burrows, A. Uzan, Jonathan C. Marshall, Nick Bond, Cleo Woelfle-Erskine, Christopher T. Robinson, S. Kubheka, Damien Banas, Vladimir Pešić, Arnaud Foulquier, Klement Tockner, Nathan J. Waltham, Núria Cid, Thibault Datry, Michael T. Bogan, Marcos Moleón, Melanie L. Blanchette, Björn Gücker, Brian Four, Sudeep D. Ghate, Michael Danger, Musa C. Mlambo, V. D. Diaz-Villanueva, Florian Altermatt, Rosa Gómez, K. C. Brintrup Barría, Evans De La Barra, Manuela Morais, Richard G. Storey, Robert J. Rolls, Bianca de Freitas Terra, Tommaso Cancellario, Nabor Moya, A. M. De Girolamo, Arturo Elosegi, Chelsea J. Little, Amina Taleb, Ana Savić, R. del Campo, Simone Guareschi, Dominik Zak, Elisabeth I. Meyer, J. I. Jones, Annamaria Zoppini, Dev K. Niyogi, Peter M. Negus, Manuel A. S. Graça, Isabel Pardo, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Eduardo J. Martín, Kate S. Boersma, Petr Pařil, Erin E. Beller, Alex Laini, Kandikere R. Sridhar, Cristina Canhoto, Felicitas Hoppeler, D. von Schiller, Shai Arnon, Rachel Stubbington, Sarig Gafny, Alisha L. Steward, Núria Bonada, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Ricardo J. Albariño, A. Papatheodoulou, Joanna Blessing, Steffen U. Pauls, Juan F. Blanco-Libreros, Simone D. Langhans, Christiane Zarfl, Jean-Christophe Clément, Mark O. Gessner, Angus R. McIntosh, Fiona Dyer, Oleksandra Shumilova, Catherine M. Febria, Marek Polášek, Stefan Lorenz, Sophie Cauvy-Fraunié, Stephanie M. Carlson, Andy Banegas-Medina, Jason L. Hwan, M. M. Sánchez-Montoya, Daniel C. Allen, Catherine Leigh, Emile Faye, Marko Miliša, Andreas Bruder, Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Leibniz Association, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), School of Geography and the Environment [Oxford] (SoGE), University of Oxford [Oxford], Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología [Río Negro] (IIPG), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (UNRN), Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country, Intelligent Control Systems Laboratory (ICSL), Griffith University [Brisbane], Conseil Général du Rhône, Département du Rhône, Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Purdue University [West Lafayette], Centro de investigaciones biológicas, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm - University Hospital of Ulm, Department of Biosciences [Mangalore], Mangalore University, Langenberg, Heike, Goldin, Tamara, Plail, Melissa, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), School of Geography and the Environment [Oxford], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions ( UR MALY ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine ( LECA ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology & Inland Fisheries, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea ( UPV/EHU ), Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries ( IGB ), Freie Universität Berlin [Berlin], Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques ( CARRTEL ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laboratoire Environnement Géomécanique et Ouvrages ( LAEGO ), Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine ( INPL ), Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux ( URAFPA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Universitat de Barcelona ( UB ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux ( LIEC ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion ( CERAG ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Intelligent Control Systems Laboratory ( ICSL ), Griffith University, Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés ( SIMaP ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Spanish National Research Council ( CSIC ), Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India, Institut de Recherches Subatomiques ( IReS ), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, RIVERS, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Perennial plant, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, C CYCLE, SEQUESTRATION, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, ECOSYSTEMS, ZONE CLIMATIQUE, 212 dry riverbeds, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, DROUGHT, CLIMATE-CHANGE, geography.geographical_feature_category, CYCLE DU CARBONE, Plant litter, CARBON-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS, 6. Clean water, global research, CO2 EMISSION, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, TEMPORARY RIVERS, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Ecosystem ecology, DECOMPOSITION, riverbeds, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, VÉGÉTATION RIPICOLE, ephemeral streams, ECOLOGY, Terrestrial plant, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, STREAMS, P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion, GLOBAL CHANGE, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Riparian zone, RIVER ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING, Hydrology, geography, ved/biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, RIPARIAN VEGETATION, Global change, 15. Life on land, Arid, global change, river ecosystem functioning, CO2 emissions, temporary rivers, riparian vegetation, C cycle, COURS D'EAU, 13. Climate action, CO2 EMISSIONS, CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE, C-CYCLING, PATTERNS, Litter, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, terrestrial plant litter, intermittent rivers, MATTER, LITIÈRE VÉGÉTALE
Abstract: International audience; Perennial rivers and streams make a disproportionate contribution to global carbon (C) cycling. However, the contribution of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES), which sometimes cease to flow and can dry completely, is largely ignored although they represent over half the global river network. Substantial amounts of terrestrial plant litter (TPL) accumulate in dry riverbeds and, upon rewetting, this material can undergo rapid microbial processing. We present the results of a global research collaboration that collected and analysed TPL from 212 dry riverbeds across major environmental gradients and climate zones. We assessed litter decomposability by quantifying the litter carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and oxygen (O2) consumption in standardized assays and estimated the potential short-term CO2 emissions during rewetting events. Aridity, cover of riparian vegetation, channel width and dry-phase duration explained most variability in the quantity and decomposability of plant litter in IRES. Our estimates indicate that a single pulse of CO2 emission upon litter rewetting contributes up to 10% of the daily CO2 emission from perennial rivers and stream, particularly in temperate climates. This indicates that the contributions of IRES should be included in global C-cycling assessments.
Published: 2018
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25. Carbon dioxide emissions from dry watercourses

Author: Joan Pere Casas-Ruiz, Vicenç Acuña, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Rafael Marcé, Biel Obrador, Daniel von Schiller, and Matthias Koschorreck
Subjects: Hydrology, Mediterranean climate, Carbon sink, Global change, Aquatic Science, Arid, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Ephemeral streams, Greenhouse gas, Carbon dioxide, Soil water, Environmental science, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: Temporary watercourses that naturally cease to flow and run dry comprise a notable fraction of the world’s river networks, yet estimates of global carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from watercourses do not consider emissions from these systems when they are dry. Using data from a sampling campaign in a Mediterranean river during the summer drought period, we demonstrate that the CO 2 efflux from dry watercourses can be substantial, comparable to that from adjacent terrestrial soils and higher than from running or stagnant waters. With an up-scaling approach, we show that including emissions from dry watercourses could increase the estimate of CO 2 emissions from watercourses in our study region by 0.6–15%. Moreover, our results tentatively illustrate that emissions from dry watercourses could be especially important in arid regions, increasing the estimate of global CO 2 emissions from watercourses by 0.4–9%. Albeit relatively small, the contribution of dry watercourses could help to constrain the highly uncertain magnitude of the land carbon sink. We foresee that in many areas of the world, the expected increase in the extent of temporary watercourses associated with future global change will increase the relevance of CO 2 emissions from dry watercourses.
Published: 2014
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26. Local and regional drivers of headwater streams metabolism : insights from the first AIL collaborative project

Author: Ada Pastor, Maite Arroita, Silvia Monroy, Eduardo J. Martín, Rubén Rasines-Ladero, Anna Freixa, Tamara Rodríguez-Castillo, Meritxell Abril, Diego Fernández, Mireia Fillol, Juanita Mora-Gómez, Aingeru Martínez, Rubén del Campo, Andrea G. Bravo, Olatz Pereda, Lorea Flores, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Alexia María González-Ferreras, Carlos Palacin-Lizarbe, Núria De Castro-Català, Ibon Aristi, Anna Lupon, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Elena Hernández-del Amo, Celia Ruiz, Núria Catalán, Sílvia Poblador, Isis Sanpera-Calbet, Joan Pere Casas-Ruiz, Irene Tornero, Libe Solagaistua, Marta Reyes, Edurne Estévez, Pau Giménez-Grau, María Isabel Arce, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciencies Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Instituto Catalán de Investigación del Agua - ICRA (SPAIN) (ICRA), Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Environmental Hydraulics institute, Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Leibniz Association, Laboratory of Stream Ecology, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country, Limnology [Norbyvägen], Department of Ecology and Genetics [Uppsala] (EBC), Uppsala University-Uppsala University, Department of Ecology and Hydrology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', Universidad de Murcia, Institute of Environmental Sciences [Landau], University of Koblenz-Landau, Ecologie Comportementale et Biologie des Populations de Poissons (ECOBIOP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Facultat de Ciencies, Universitat de Girona (UdG), Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), IMDEA Water Institute, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management [Berkeley] (ESPM), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, IMDEA The National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN-CSIC), The authors were supported by the following founding: NC by Wenner-Gren foundation stipend (Sweden, 2014-2016) and a Juan de la Cierva grant (FJCI-2014-23064), EE by a pre-doctoral grant from the Basque Govern- ment (2014-2017), AGB by a Swedish Research Council grant (SMAREF 2014-2016), PRL by a Ramón Areces Foundation Postdoctoral Schol- arship AM by the Univ. of the Basque Country, AMGF and SP by pre-doctoral research grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Ref: BES-2013-065770, Ref: BES-2012-059743, respectively), and RR by the IMDEA-Water Institute. DOMIPEX project was founded by the First Call of Collaborative Projects among Young Researchers of the Iberian Association of Limnology (AIL, 2013-2015)., Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), and Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Gross primary production, ecosystem respiration, Biodiversité et Ecologie, STREAMS, Oceanografi, hydrologi och vattenresurser, écosystème, 01 natural sciences, Biodiversity and Ecology, functioning, Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources, Limnology, Biologiska vetenskaper, coordinated distributed experiment, ecoregions, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, cours d'eau, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, ecosystem, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Forestry, 15. Life on land, Biological Sciences, Limnologia, Stream metabolism, gross primary production, ecoregion, season, Geography, 13. Climate action, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, saison, rivière
Abstract: espanolLos ecosistemas fluviales tienen un papel relevante en los ciclos biogeoquimicos globales, ya que procesan el material de la cuenca y lo transportan rio abajo. Sin embargo, los factores que afectan al metabolismo, especialmente aquellos que actuan en una escala espacial mas amplia, todavia no se conocen completamente. Ademas, el metabolismo fluvial puede variar a causa de cambios hidrologicos relacionados con la estacionalidad; lo que tambien hace importante incluir la variabilidad temporal para entender el funcionamiento de los rios. Mediante el uso de un experimento distribuido y coordinado, estudiamos diez rios de cabecera localizados a lo largo de cinco ecoregiones europeas durante verano y otono del 2014. Se midio la magnitud y la variabilidad de la produccion primaria bruta (PPB) y la respiracion ecosistemica (RE) mediante el metodo de canal abierto. Asi mismo, se examinaron los factores climaticos, hidrologico s y fisico-quimicos que potencialmente pueden afectar las tasas metabolicas fl uviales. Las tasas diarias de metabolismo fluvial variaron considerablemente entre rios, con valores de PPB de entre 0.06 a 4.33 g O2 m–2 dia–1, y de RE de entre 0.72 a 14.20 g O2 m–2 dia–1. Todos los rios fueron altamente heterotroficos (P/R EnglishStreams play a key role in the global biogeochemical cycles, processing material from adjacent terrestrial systems and transporting it downstream. However, the drivers of stream metabolism, especially those acting at broad spatial scales, are still not well understood. Moreover, stream metabolism can be affected by hydrological changes associated with seasonality, and thus, assessing the temporality of metabolic rates is a key question to understand stream function. This study aims to analyse the geographical and temporal patterns in stream metabolism and to identify the main drivers regulating the wholeecosystem metabolic rates at local and regional scales. Using a coordinated distributed experiment, we studied ten headwaters streams located across five European ecoregions during summer and fall 2014.We characterized the magnitude and variability of gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) with the open-channel method. Moreover, we examined several climatic, geographical, hydrological, morphological, and physicochemical variables that can potentially control stream metabolic rates. Daily rates of stream metabolism varied considerately across streams, with GPP and ER ranging from 0.06 to 4.33 g O2 m–2 d–1 and from 0.72 to 14.20 g O2 m–2 d–1, respectively. All streams were highly heterotrophic (P/R
Published: 2017
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27. Author Correction: A global analysis of terrestrial plant litter dynamics in non-perennial waterways

Author: Ana Savić, Elisabeth I. Meyer, Ross Vander Vorste, Núria Cid, M. M. Sánchez-Montoya, S. Gafny, J. I. Jones, Christopher T. Robinson, Arnaud Foulquier, Marko Miliša, María Isabel Arce, A. Papatheodoulou, Cleo Woelfle-Erskine, S. Kubheka, Michael T. Bogan, Damien Banas, Björn Gücker, Chelsea J. Little, Isabel Pardo, Nabor Moya, Ahmed Taleb, Simone Guareschi, Nathan J. Waltham, V. D. Diaz-Villanueva, R. del Campo, Manuela Morais, Annamaria Zoppini, Erin E. Beller, Alex Laini, Manuel A. S. Graça, Clara Mendoza-Lera, Petr Pařil, Kate S. Boersma, Ricardo J. Albariño, Shai Arnon, Melanie L. Blanchette, Daniel C. Allen, Catherine Leigh, Klement Tockner, D. von Schiller, Nick Bond, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Emile Faye, Jason L. Hwan, Rosa Gómez, Iola G. Boëchat, Ryan M. Burrows, Brian Four, Dominik Zak, Jonathan C. Marshall, E. Martín, Florian Altermatt, Marcos Moleón, Bianca de Freitas Terra, Michael Danger, Musa C. Mlambo, F. Hoppeler, Evans De La Barra, Núria Bonada, Steffen U. Pauls, A. Uzan, Stefan Lorenz, Peter M. Negus, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Vladimir Pešić, Mark O. Gessner, Robert J. Rolls, Andreas Bruder, Fiona Dyer, Oleksandra Shumilova, Roland Corti, Cristina Canhoto, Sudeep D. Ghate, Marek Polášek, Stephanie M. Carlson, Andy Banegas-Medina, K. R. Sridhar, Richard G. Storey, Joanna Blessing, Thibault Datry, Christiane Zarfl, Angus R. McIntosh, Juan F. Blanco-Libreros, Simone D. Langhans, Jean-Christophe Clément, K. C. Brintrup Barría, Rachel Stubbington, Catherine M. Febria, Sophie Cauvy-Fraunié, Alisha L. Steward, Tommaso Cancellario, A. M. De Girolamo, Arturo Elosegi, and Dev K. Niyogi
Subjects: Hydrology (agriculture), Perennial plant, Ecology, ved/biology, Terrestrial plant, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Litter, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Freshwater ecology, Carbon cycle
Abstract: Correction to: Nature Geoscience https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0134-4, published online 21 May 2018. In the version of this Article originally published, the affiliation for M. I. Arce was incorrect; it should have been: 5Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany. This has now been corrected in the online versions of the Article.
Published: 2018
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28. Drought-induced discontinuities in the source and degradation of dissolved organic matter in a Mediterranean river

Author: Biel Obrador, Núria Catalán, Daniel von Schiller, Joerg Tittel, Sergi Sabater, Elke Zwirnmann, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Rafael Marcé, Joan Pere Casas-Ruiz, and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Espanya)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, River ecosystem, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sequeres, Biodegradació, Classification of discontinuities, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Biogeoquímica, law, Dissolved organic carbon, Environmental Chemistry, Ecosystem, Radiocarbon dating, Biogeosciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, Ecologia fluvial, Hydrology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Biogeochemistry, Droughts, Stream ecology, Biodegradation, Environmental science
Abstract: The composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in rivers results from the different sources and in-stream transformations along the land to ocean aquatic continuum. Riverine DOM sources are highly dependent on the hydrological connection between the river channel and the surrounding terrestrial ecosystems, but how the lack of this connectivity (e.g., during drought episodes) affects the sources and biodegradation of DOM in rivers remains unclear. Here we identified the DOM sources as well as the different DOM pools that are respired along a Mediterranean river during drought by combining absorbance-fluorescence spectroscopy, size-exclusion chromatography, biodegradation assays, and stable and radiocarbon isotopes. DOM composition was highly heterogeneous along the river in response to different sources and in-stream processes in each distinct aquatic environment (i.e., isolated water pools, running waters, and impounded waters in weirs). The reduced hydrological connectivity with terrestrial ecosystems promoted the influence of autochthonous DOM sources. Still, tree leaves from overhanging canopies stood out as an important terrestrial DOM source, especially in sites where water residence time was high such as isolated pools and weirs. Degradation of leaf leachates was a relevant process in these sites, whereas autochthonous DOM and groundwater millennial DOM (>1300 year B.P.) seemed to be degraded in running waters. Overall, our results highlight that the drought-induced hydrological disconnection entails a great spatial heterogeneity in the sources of DOM, which at the same time determines the different DOM pools that are respired in each environment along the river This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the project CARBONET (CGL2011-30474-C02-01). J. P. Casas-Ruiz and Ll. Gómez-Gener were additionally supported by FPI predoctoral grants (BES-2012-059655 and BES-2012-059743), and D. von Schiller by a “Juan de la Cierva” postdoctoral grant (JCI-2010-06397). N. Catalán held a Wenner-Gren foundation stipend (Sweden). Authors also acknowledge the support from the Economy and Knowledge Department of the Catalan Government through Consolidated Research Group (2014 SGR 291)—Catalan Institute for Water Research
Published: 2016

29. Global carbon dioxide efflux from rivers enhanced by high nocturnal emissions

Author: Matthew J. Cohen, Tom J. Battin, Mark S. Johnson, William H. McDowell, Diego A. Riveros-Iregui, Heli Miettinen, Clément Duvert, Åsa Horgby, Mollie J. McDowell, Marcus B. Wallin, Isaac R. Santos, Emily H. Stanley, Fausto Machado-Silva, Kerry J. Dinsmore, Johan Six, Lishan Ran, Higo J. Dalmagro, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Alex Enrich-Prast, Ryan A. Sponseller, Nicholas S. Marzolf, Lily Kirk, Gerard Rocher-Ros, Travis W. Drake, Shane A. White, Jukka Pumpanen, Hannes Peter, and Anne Ojala
Subjects: Daytime, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Naturgeografi, global carbon cycle, chemistry.chemical_element, Nocturnal, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Ecology and Environment, Carbon cycle, Atmospheric Sciences, Atmosphere, chemistry.chemical_compound, Flux (metallurgy), chemistry, Physical Geography, Carbon dioxide, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Diel vertical migration, Carbon, streams and rivers, CO2 evasion, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions to the atmosphere from running waters are estimated to be four times greater than the total carbon (C) flux to the oceans. However, these fluxes remain poorly constrained because of substantial spatial and temporal variability in dissolved CO2 concentrations. Using a global compilation of high-frequency CO2 measurements, we demonstrate that nocturnal CO2 emissions are on average 27% (0.9 gC m(-2) d(-1)) greater than those estimated from diurnal concentrations alone. Constraints on light availability due to canopy shading or water colour are the principal controls on observed diel (24 hour) variation, suggesting this nocturnal increase arises from daytime fixation of CO2 by photosynthesis. Because current global estimates of CO2 emissions to the atmosphere from running waters (0.65-1.8 PgC yr(-1)) rely primarily on discrete measurements of dissolved CO2 obtained during the day, they substantially underestimate the magnitude of this flux. Accounting for night-time CO2 emissions may elevate global estimates from running waters to the atmosphere by 0.20-0.55 PgC yr(-1). Failing to account for emission differences between day and night will lead to an underestimate of global CO2 emissions from rivers by up to 0.55 PgC yr(-1), according to analyses of high-frequency CO2 measurements. Funding Agencies|Formas grant - National Science Foundation Macrosystems program (NSF) [EF-1442439]; National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [EAR-1847331]

30. Nutrients influence seasonal metabolic patterns and total productivity of Arctic streams

Author: Ryan A. Sponseller, Gerard Rocher-Ros, Lluís Gómez-Gener, Maria Myrstener, and Reiner Giesler
Subjects: Ekologi, carbon balance, Ecology, variability, river, availability, STREAMS, Oceanografi, hydrologi och vattenresurser, dynamics, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, gross primary production, nitrogen, Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources, Nutrient, Arctic, limitation, Environmental science, ecosystem metabolism, phosphorus, Productivity
Abstract: The seasonality of gross primary production (GPP) in streams is driven by multiple physical and chemical factors, yet incident light is often thought to be most important. In Arctic tundra streams, however, light is available in saturating amounts throughout the summer, but sharp declines in nutrient supply during the terrestrial growing season may constrain aquatic productivity. Given the opposing seasonality of these drivers, we hypothesized that "shoulder seasons"-spring and autumn-represent critical time windows when light and nutrients align to optimize rates of stream productivity in the Arctic. To test this, we measured annual patterns of GPP and biofilm accumulation in eight streams in Arctic Sweden. We found that the aquatic growing season length differed by 4 months across streams and was determined largely by the timing of ice-off in spring. During the growing season, temporal variability in GPP for nitrogen (N) poor streams was correlated with inorganic N concentration, while in more N-rich streams GPP was instead linked to changes in phosphorus and light. Annual GPP varied ninefold among streams and was enhanced by N availability, the length of ice-free period, and low flood frequency. Finally, network scale estimates of GPP highlight the overall significance of the shoulder seasons, which accounted for 48% of annual productivity. We suggest that the timing of ice off and nutrient supply from land interact to regulate the annual metabolic regimes of nutrient poor, Arctic streams, leading to unexpected peaks in productivity that are offset from the terrestrial growing season.

31. Emissions from dry inland waters are a blind spot in the global carbon cycle

Author: Núria Catalán, Daniel von Schiller, Matthias Koschorreck, María Isabel Arce, Biel Obrador, Rafael Marcé, Gabriel Singer, Lluís Gómez-Gener, and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: River ecosystem, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Intermittent, Climate change, STREAMS, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Lake, Carbon cycle, chemistry.chemical_compound, Rivers, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Cursos d'aigua, Hydrology, River, Land use, Lake ecosystem, Miljövetenskap, Current (stream), chemistry, Carbon dioxide, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Stream, Diòxid de carboni, Methane, Environmental Sciences
Abstract: A large part of the world's inland waters, including streams, rivers, ponds, lakes and reservoirs is subject to occasional, recurrent or even permanent drying. Moreover, the occurrence and intensity of drying events are increasing in many areas of the world because of climate change, water abstraction, and land use alteration. Yet, information on the gaseous carbon (C) fluxes from dry inland waters is scarce, thus precluding a comprehensive assessment of C emissions including all, also intermittently dry, inland waters. Here, we review current knowledge on gaseous C fluxes from lotic (streams and rivers) and lentic (ponds, lakes, and reservoirs) inland waters during dry phases and the response to rewetting, considering controls and sources as well as implications of including 'dry' fluxes for local and global scale estimates. Moreover, knowledge gaps and research needs are discussed. Our conservative estimates indicate that adding emissions from dry inland waters to current global estimates of CO2 emissions from inland waters could result in an increase of 0.22 Pg C year(-1), or similar to 10% of total fluxes. We outline the necessary conceptual understanding to successfully include dry phases in a more complete picture of inland water C emissions and identify potential implications for global C cycle feedbacks.

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31 results on '"Lluís Gómez-Gener"'

1. Unravelling large-scale patterns and drivers of biodiversity in dry rivers

2. Extent, patterns, and drivers of hypoxia in the world's streams and rivers

3. Groundwater‐stream connections shape the spatial pattern and rates of aquatic metabolism

4. Drought alters the biogeochemistry of boreal stream networks

5. Integrated assessment of the net carbon footprint of small hydropower plants

6. Early-Career Coordinated Distributed Experiments: Empowerment Through Collaboration

7. Dynamics and potential drivers of CO2 concentration and evasion across temporal scales in high-alpine streams

8. River ecosystem metabolism and carbon biogeochemistry in a changing world

9. Regimes of primary production and their drivers in Alpine streams

10. Towards an improved understanding of biogeochemical processes across surface-groundwater interactions in intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams

11. Delineating the Continuum of Dissolved Organic Matter in Temperate River Networks

12. Does the severity of non-flow periods influence ecosystem structure and function of temporary streams? A mesocosm study

13. Delving deeper: Metabolic processes in the metalimnion of stratified lakes

14. Global CO2 emissions from dry inland waters share common drivers across ecosystems

15. A tale of pipes and reactors: Controls on the in-stream dynamics of dissolved organic matter in rivers

16. Low contribution of internal metabolism to carbon dioxide emissions along lotic and lentic environments of a Mediterranean fluvial network

17. Sediment Respiration Pulses in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams

18. Simulating rewetting events in intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams: a global analysis of leached nutrients and organic matter

19. Urban Algae - Ecological Status and the Perception of Ecosystem Services of Urban Ponds

20. Effect of small water retention structures on diffusive CO2 and CH4 emissions along a highly impounded river

21. When Water Vanishes: Magnitude and Regulation of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Dry Temporary Streams

22. Hot spots for carbon emissions from Mediterranean fluvial networks during summer drought

23. Effects of water flow regulation on ecosystem functioning in a Mediterranean river network assessed by wood decomposition

24. A global analysis of terrestrial plant litter dynamics in non-perennial waterways

25. Carbon dioxide emissions from dry watercourses

26. Local and regional drivers of headwater streams metabolism : insights from the first AIL collaborative project

27. Author Correction: A global analysis of terrestrial plant litter dynamics in non-perennial waterways

28. Drought-induced discontinuities in the source and degradation of dissolved organic matter in a Mediterranean river

29. Global carbon dioxide efflux from rivers enhanced by high nocturnal emissions

30. Nutrients influence seasonal metabolic patterns and total productivity of Arctic streams

31. Emissions from dry inland waters are a blind spot in the global carbon cycle

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31 results on '"Lluís Gómez-Gener"'

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