Search

Your search keyword '"Lofy L"' showing total 6 results
Start Over Author "Lofy L"
6 results on '"Lofy L"'

1. Adherence to Universal (barrier) Precautions during interventions on critically ill and injured emergency department patients

Author

Gabor Kelen, Ta, Digiovanna, Dd, Celentano, Kalainov D, Bisson L, Junkins E, Stein A, Lofy L, Cr, Scott, and Kt, Sivertson

Subjects
Radiology Department, Hospital, Allied Health Personnel, Masks, HIV Infections, Housekeeping, Hospital, Nursing Staff, Hospital, Occupational Diseases, Protective Clothing, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medical Staff, Hospital, Humans, Gloves, Surgical, Emergency Service, Hospital, Eye Protective Devices
Abstract

In a study undertaken to determine compliance with Universal Precautions, we observed 129 personnel performing 1,274 interventions on 151 consecutive critically ill and injured patients in an emergency department setting in July 1988. Barrier precautions were fully adhered to 44.0% of the time. During interventions in patients with profuse bleeding, adherence was only 19.5% in contrast to 44.7% for those who were not bleeding. Adherence was 56.4% during minor interventions but only 16.7% during major procedures. Adherence rates varied among health care providers: residents, 58%; emergency staff physicians, 38%; consultant physicians, 43%; emergency nursing staff, 44%; paramedics, 8%; radiology technicians, 14%; and housekeeping, 91%. In a follow up questionnaire that ascertained reasons for lack of compliance, 47% of providers indicated that there was not always sufficient time to put on protective material, 33% felt that precautions interfered with skillful performance of procedures, and 23% stated that materials were uncomfortable. Only 2.7% felt that Universal Precautions did not work. Since there is no proven postexposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus, Universal Precautions must be rigorously followed until such time as they are shown not to be effective or an alternate approach is developed. Strategies to improve compliance and improvements in barrier technology need to be developed.

Published
1990

2. Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV I-II) infection among patients in an inner-city emergency department.

Author

Kelen, Gabor D., DiGiovanna, Thomas A., Lofy, Lisa, Junkins, Edward, Stein, Allen, Sivertson, Keith T., Lamioere, Michael, Quinn, Thomas C., Kelen, G D, DiGiovanna, T A, Lofy, L, Junkins, E, Stein, A, Sivertson, K T, Lairmore, M, and Quinn, T C

Subjects
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research, HTLV, HIV infections, DISEASE risk factors, HIV infection transmission, HIV infection complications, HIV infection epidemiology, AIDS, COMPARATIVE studies, HOSPITAL emergency services, LONGITUDINAL method, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, RESEARCH, VIRAL antibodies, EVALUATION research, HIV seroconversion, RNA virus infections, INFECTIOUS disease transmission, DISEASE complications
Abstract

Objective: To determine the seroprevalence and epidemiologic features of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV I-II) among an emergency department patient population with a high rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection.Design: Prospective survey using identity-unlinked consecutive sampling during a 6-week period in 1988.Setting: Inner-city teaching hospital.Patients: Sequential sample of 2544 adult patients with sufficient excess sera for analysis.Measurements and Main Results: Twenty-eight (1.1%) (95% CI, 0.7% to 1.5%) serum samples were seropositive for HTLV I-II whereas 152 (6.0%) (CI, 5.1% to 6.9%) were seropositive for HIV-1. The age distribution of HTLV I-II was similar to the study population while HIV-1 was concentrated among younger (25 to 44 years) age groups (P less than 0.05). Only 16 (57.1%) HTLV I-II infected patients had identified risk factors; 11 were intravenous drug users, 4 received transfusions, and 1 had heterosexual exposure to a high-risk partner. None of 39 identified homosexual men had HTLV I-II antibodies although 29 (74.3%) were HIV-1 seropositive.Conclusion: HTLV I-II infection may be more prevalent among certain segments of the U.S. population than previously realized and appears to have a different demographic distribution than HIV-1 infection. Although HTLV I-II may represent a nosocomial risk to health care providers, the risk of occupational transmission is probably less than for hepatitis B virus and even HIV-1. Adherence to universal precautions should minimize the risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1990
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Racial differences in North Carolina infant mortality.

Author

Bisgrove EZ, Visness CM, Fortney JA, Smith JB, Lofy LJ, and Shepherd WL

Subjects
Humans, Infant, Newborn, North Carolina epidemiology, Risk Factors, White People, Black or African American, Infant Mortality trends
Published
1995

6. The relationship between needs assessments and state strategies for meeting healthy people 2000 objectives: lessons from the Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grant.

Author

Farel AM, Margolis LH, and Lofy LJ

Subjects
Child, Female, Financing, Organized, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, United States, Child Health Services, Health Services Needs and Demand, Maternal Health Services
Abstract

Recognizing the critical role of needs assessments in the development of public health policy, the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1989 required states to include needs assessments in their Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grant applications and to demonstrate a link between needs and programs. We examined this link by analyzing the relationship between strategies to meet health objectives and needs assessments in the applications for fiscal year 1992 for the eight states in the southeast (DHHS Region 4). Overall, the proportion of strategies based on reported needs was 88%. Numerous other needs, however, were not related to any strategies. Furthermore, there were neither needs nor strategies described for many objectives. These data required extensive analysis of the applications. A uniform structured report would facilitate the explicit collection of this information and thus the usefulness of this important document for policy development and accountability.

Published
1994

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results