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Introdução/Objetivo: Enterococcus estão normalmente associados a infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde, geralmente apresentando perfil de multidroga resistência. Esse estudo objetivou comparar a resistência antimicrobiana de amostras VRE (Enterococcus resistentes à vancomicina) oriundas de swab retal com o perfil de amostras de Enterococcus sensíveis à vancomicina, isoladas de materiais clínicos diversos, coletados de dezembro de 2021 a junho de 2022, de pacientes atendidos em um Hospital Universitário. Métodos: Amostras identificadas como Enterococcus pelo método automatizado foram selecionadas, e confirmadas quanto à espécie por MALDI-TOF MS. O perfil de susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos foi determinado pelo método de disco-difusão. A concentração mínima inibitória (CMI) para vancomicina foi determinada pelo método de microdiluição em caldo para amostras VRE e a presença do gene vanA foi observada pela técnica da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) para todas as amostras. Resultados: Um total de 59 amostras foram identificadas, sendo 31 de colonização anal (VRE) e 28 de materiais clínicos diversos. Dentre as VRE, 55% foram caracterizadas como E. faecalis (VREfa) e 45% como E. faecium (VREfm). Já entre as amostras de origem infecciosa, 89% eram da espécie E. faecalis e 11% E. faecium. Entre E. faecalis (n = 41), amostras VREfa apresentaram maiores taxas de resistência à cloranfenicol, eritromicina, quinolonas e vancomicina (p-valor < 0,05), enquanto para amostras de E. faecium (n = 18), a diferença na taxa de resistência foi significativa apenas para glicopeptídeos (amostras VREfm). Contudo, independentemente da resistência à glicopeptídeos, as amostras de E. faecium apresentaram maiores taxa de resistência à ampicilina, nitrofurantoína, quinolonas, rifampicina e tetraciclina (p-valor 90%) das amostras VRE, independente da espécie bacteriana, apresentou CMI > 64 µg/mL para vancomicina, sendo todas vanA positivas. Conclusão: Apesar de observado uma alta taxa de resistência à quinolonas entre amostras VREfa, ao compararmos as duas espécies, independente da resistência à vancomicina, cepas E. faecium apresentaram maiores taxa de resistência aos antimicrobianos, de maneira geral. Nossos resultados contribuem para elucidar os aspectos da emergência e disseminação de microrganismos multirresistentes, ressaltando a importância da vigilância epidemiológica de Enterococcus, especialmente aqueles caracterizados como VRE.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of trans-mucosal abutment height (TmAH) and restorative emergence angle (REA) on marginal bone loss (MBL) around bone-level implants., Methods: Implant radiographs 12-18 months after crown placement (T0) and at least one year later (T1) were retrospectively analyzed. Sites were separated into four groups: Long/Narrow-Angle (LN) with TmAH > 2 mm and REA < 30°, Long/Wide-Angle (LW) with TmAH > 2 mm and REA ≥ 30°, Short/Narrow-Angle (SN) with TmAH < 2 mm and REA < 30°, and Short/Wide-Angle (SW) with TmAH < 2 mm and REA ≥ 30°. MBL was calculated, and multiple linear regression analysis was performed to control for patient-level and implant/prosthesis-level factors., Results: 192 implants pertaining to 119 patients were included. Group significantly influenced MBL experience (p < 0.001). Group SW experienced on average 0.48 mm (95% CI: 0.25-0.71, p < 0.001), 0.43 mm (95% CI: 0.18-0.68, p = 0.001), and 0.25 mm (95% CI: 0.00-0.45, p = 0.013) greater MBL compared to Groups LN, LW, and SN, respectively. Group was also a significant factor impacting the development of peri-implantitis (p = 0.041), with Group SW displaying a roughly 4× greater likelihood of having peri-implantitis (PI) diagnosed compared to Groups LN (OR: 4.04; p = 0.091) and LW (OR: 4.19; p = 0.013). Every 1 mm increase in TmAH significantly decreased the likelihood of MBL > 0 mm (OR = 0.63; p = 0.003)., Conclusions: Abutment height > 2 mm may play a role in reducing PI and MBL related to ≥ 30° REA around bone-level implants. REA was found to only be a significant factor when TmAH is less than 2 mm., (© 2025 The Author(s). Clinical Oral Implants Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objectives: Adequate bone thickness around dental implants is vital for their stability and to reduce resorption. This study evaluated the ability of implant fixtures to serve as ridge expanders by measuring width changes pre- and post-implantation., Materials and Methods: Measurements including initial alveolar bone width, post-osteotomy width, post-expansion width, and buccal bone thickness were recorded for patients undergoing implant placement. Bone quality was assessed using established criteria., Results: Of the 102 subjects (52% male, 48% female), significant ridge width increases at 0 mm and 2 mm levels were noted (p < 0.05). Larger implant diameters resulted in greater ridge expansion. Absence of prior augmentation was linked to higher bone quality (B = -1.684, p = 0.001), explaining 15% of bone quality variance. Ridge expansion effects also correlated with the site, implant diameter, and design., Conclusions: Dental implant fixtures can effectively expand the ridge, with expansion influenced by implant diameter, anatomical location, prior augmentation, and implant design. These factors must be considered for tailored treatment planning in implant dentistry., Clinical Relevance: This study's clinical relevance lies in its exploration of the potential benefits of dental implant fixtures can effectively to expand the ridge taking into consideration implant diameter, anatomical location, prior augmentation, and implant design., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Objective: To review the available prospective literature on hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy for periodontal conditions., Materials and Methods: A comprehensive electronic and manual search was performed to identify clinical studies on adult patients who underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy for periodontal treatments. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, and Dentistry Oral Sciences Source databases., Results: Fourteen articles were included in the final literature review, of which five were RCTs and 11 were prospective clinical studies. Four studies discussed HBO as an adjunct to nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis, eight reported on HBO and osteoradionecrosis, and one examined HBO in bisphosphonate-related necrosis of the jaws., Conclusions: HBO has shown superior efficacy compared to antibiotics as a prophylactic measure in preventing osteoradionecrosis (ORN) in patients with a history of high mandibular irradiation. Clinicians should consider referring such patients for HBO therapy before and after tooth extractions. However, for the surgical excision of existing ORN lesions, HBO therapy does not yield significant benefits but does not negatively impact outcomes either. Regarding the treatment of periodontitis patients, the variability among studies prevents definitive conclusions. HBO therapy as an adjunct to SRP in periodontitis treatment produces mixed results., Clinical Relevance: This study's clinical relevance lies in its exploration of the potential benefits of HBO for periodontal conditions. Also, it provides clinicians with insights into when and how to integrate HBO therapy into their treatment approaches, particularly for patients with a history of irradiation and those undergoing complex dental procedures., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Inflammation contributes to many chronic conditions. It is often associated with circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune cells. GLP-1 levels correlate with disease severity. They are often elevated and can serve as markers of inflammation. Previous studies have shown that oxytocin, hCG, ghrelin, alpha-MSH and ACTH have receptor-mediated anti-inflammatory properties that can rescue cells from damage and death. These peptides have been studied well in the past century. In contrast, GLP-1 and its anti-inflammatory properties have been recognized only recently. GLP-1 has been proven to be a useful adjuvant therapy in type-2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and hyperglycemia. It also lowers HbA1C and protects cells of the cardiovascular and nervous systems by reducing inflammation and apoptosis. In this review we have explored the link between GLP-1, inflammation, and sepsis., Competing Interests: Author MB was employed by Azevan Pharmaceuticals Inc. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Mehdi, Pusapati, Anwar, Lohana, Kumar, Nandula, Nawaz, Tracey, Yang, LeRoith, Brownstein and Roth.)