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Background: Football, as the most popular sport globally, encompasses fundamental skills like the lofted pass, a cornerstone technique mastered early in player development. Purpose study: This study aimed to analyze long passing performance disparities between senior male and female football players. Method and material: A total of 74 football players, comprising 35 boys and 39 girls (ages 15-18 years), were randomly selected as subjects. Personal information including academic details, age, Body height (cm), Body weight (kg), BMI (kg/m²), training age, and level played, alongside football performance metrics such as: Ball speed (km), Kicked ball distance (m) and Approach run distance (m), were recorded. Data collection involved the use of a Bushnell Radar gun for speed tests and long pass (Model 101911, USA), a digital weighing scale for body weight (BEURER Typ 35, Germany), Stadiometer for body height measurement (SECA 206, Germany) and a measuring tape for distance measurements. Statistical analysis: The data analysis employed descriptive statistics, Mean, SD, and the Mann-Whitney U Test for independent samples (p

Aiming at the shortcomings of higher system cost and complexity when using high-power laser light sources or external power amplification equipment to improve the sensitivity of photoacoustic spectrum detection, based on the ordinary first-order resonant photoacoustic cell and the introduction of Herriott multiple reflection cell technology, a trace gas detection system based on long optical path near infrared photoacoustic spectrum was designed. The system increased the optical path of the beam through the photoacoustic cell through the Herriott structure, and improved the absortion light intensity of the gas to be measured. The resonance of the photoacoustic signal was enhanced in the photoacoustic cell, which effectively increased the con version power of photoacoustic without increasing the power of the light source, and improved the detection sensitivity of the system. The results of verification experiments using NH3 as an example showed that when the average time was 100 s, the minimum detection limit of NH3 was 2.69 x 10-7, and the normalized equivalent noise absortion coefficient of 1σ was 9.87 x 10-11 W · cm-1 · Hz-1/2. It showed that the system had simple structure and low cost, and could be widely used in the field of trace gas detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identifying the exercises by limbs efforts (unilateral - bilateral)and its impact on indicators of electrical activity, muscular capacity and long pass of football to reduce bilateral deficits for young players of Samawa Sports Club. Identifying the differences between the two groups of research in the indicators of electrical activity, muscle capacity and long pass of football to reduce the double deficit of the players of the players of Samawa Sports Club. In order to achieve these objectives, the researcher used the experimental method in the two groups approach, the research tools were the emerging football players belonging to the Samawa Sports Club,(16) players, as well as data collection methods. After a series of field procedures to ensure the validity of the tests, the researchers began the procedures of tribal testing and then apply exercises by the work of the terminal (unilateral - bilateral) the first experimental group operates the bilateral terminal work while the second experimental group operates the unilateral terminal work. After completion, the remote tests were carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Handball as any group games which has multibasic principles which depend on perfectionist follow corrective style in teaching and training ways, the successful of team depends on the principle of players' perfection of handball. The research aims at: - Identifying the mechanical performance errors. - Putting a corrective program for these errors. The sample of the research was (15) sophomore students in the college of sport education the data collected through video camera in order to know performance errors. The data statistically were dealt by: - mean - standard diversion - t- test Conclusions: - there is development in accuracy - there is development in throwing ball Recommendations - Using the program for correcting biomechanical errors.

There are considered directions of an optimum way choice of a pass ball performance on a long distance. Specifications and changes of some names of pass a ball in basketball terminology are offered. It is shown the expediency of a long pass ball performance in basketball by a way «the bent hand from above with swing». It is recommended to use substantive provisions of biomechanics at the analysis of movement structure.