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This study evaluated the inclusion of increasing contents (0; 35; 70; 105 and 140 g kg-1) of dried acerola fruit (Malpighia glabra, Linn.) by-product (DABP) in the ensilage of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) considering the in situ degradability of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and hemicellulose. Plastic drums with 210 L capacity were used as experimental silos. After 45 days of ensiling, silos were opened and silage samples were collected for the degradability trial and laboratory analysis. For the in situ degradability trial, was used one rumen-fistulated adult male cattle. The five by-product inclusion contents were tested in three replicates, with five incubation times, in a randomized complete split-plot design in which the contents of DABP were the treatments (plots), the different silos were the replicates and the incubation times were the sub-plots. Longer incubation times significantly increased (P < 0.05) the disappearance rates of DM, CP, NDF, ADF and hemicellulose. The effective degradability of the DM, NDF and hemicellulose was higher in the silages with 35 g kg-1 of DABP in the rumen passage rates of 0.02; 0.05 and 0.08 h-1. Dried acerola fruit by-product can be added to elephant grass ensiling up to 35 g kg-1 without reducing the effective degradability of nutrients. Made available in DSpace on 2020-01-04T00:41:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArtigoCnpglSeminaCAgFernandoInsitu.pdf: 355942 bytes, checksum: 311a7934accfcb17c3952968e50bbecb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Sugarcane is a strategic roughage source for milk production in the tropics, and its supplementation with plant oils offers great potential for obtaining milk enriched with beneficial fatty acids, such as oleic (cis-9 C18:1), vaccenic (trans-11 C18:1), and rumenic (cis-9, trans-11 CLA) acids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the milk fatty acid composition of cows fed 60% chopped sugarcane-based diets containing citrus pulp and 0.0% (control), 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5% sunflower oil on a dry matter basis. Twelve multiparous Holstein x Gyr dairy cows with an average milk production of 17±5 kg day-1 and 96±25 days in milk were allocated in a triplicate 4 x 4 Latin square design. There was no effect of dietary treatment on milk production, but sunflower oil supplementation linearly reduced the milk fat content and yield. The milk fat contents of lauric (C12:0), myristic (C14:0), and palmitic (C16:0) fatty acids were linearly reduced with increasing sunflower oil levels. There was a quadratic effect on the milk fat oleic, vaccenic, and rumenic acid contents, while the concentrations of elaidic acid (trans-9 C18:1), trans-10 C18:1 and trans-10, cis-12 CLA linearly increased in response to sunflower oil inclusion. Diet supplementation with sunflower oil linearly reduced both the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices and linearly increased the ratio between hypo- and hypercholesterolemic fatty acids in milk fat. The inclusion of up to 4.5% sunflower oil in 60% chopped sugarcane-based diets improved the nutritional quality of milk fat from Holstein x Gyr dairy cows as a result of the increased content of oleic, rumenic and vaccenic acids, which are beneficial to human health, and the concomitant reduction of hypercholesterolemic lauric, myristic and palmitic acids. However, there was an increase in the milk content of trans-10 C18:1 and elaidic acid, which are associated with deleterious effects on cardiovascular health. Made available in DSpace on 2020-01-06T18:26:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArtigoFernandoMilkFattySemina.pdf: 469529 bytes, checksum: 0db34120b02af6cefb6fa8c543ead2c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of cows fed with a total mixed ration composed of elephant grass and a concentrate containing 0.0% (control), 1.5%, 3.0% or 4.5% soybean oil on a dry matter basis. The effect of milking time (morning versus afternoon) on butter fatty acid composition was also evaluated. Twelve multiparous Holstein x Gyr cows with an average milk production of 18.0±4.6 kg day-1 and 90±25 days in milk were used in a triplicated 4 x 4 Latin square experimental design with 15-day periods. Data were analyzed using mixed models. There was no effect of soybean oil supplementation on dry matter or neutral detergent fiber intake (P > 0.05). The fat-corrected milk yield linearly decreased (P=0.0109) and the milk protein yield linearly increased (P=0.0023) in response to soybean oil supplementation. The butterfat trans-9 C18:1, cis-9 C18:1, trans-10 C18:1, trans-11 C18:1, cis-9, trans-11 CLA and trans-10, cis-12 CLA content linearly increased (P < 0.05), whereas the C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0 content linearly decreased (P < 0.001) as the level of soybean oil in the diet increased. The butter produced from afternoon milk had a lower content of C16:0 and a higher content of cis-9 C18:1 (P < 0.05). The supplementation of elephant grass-based-diets with soybean oil and, to a small extent, the selective segregation of milk obtained from afternoon milking sessions are strategies that can be used to improve the fatty acid composition of butterfat. Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-03T19:10:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SeminaButterfatty.pdf: 417802 bytes, checksum: c457e2ef4b36757e7a97192f3918f621 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Following the extraction of oil for biodiesel production, oilseed press cakes are high in fat. As the dietary supplementation of fat is currently considered the most promising strategy of consistently depressing methanogenesis, it follows that oilseed press cakes may have a similar potential for CH4 abatement. As such, this study aimed to characterise the nutritive value of several oilseed press cakes, glycerine and soybean meal (SBM) and to examine their effects on in vitro ruminal fermentation, digestion kinetics and CH4 production. Moringa press oil seeds exhibited the greatest in sacco effective degradability (ED) of DM and CP (p

RESUMO - Objetivou-se neste trabalho comparar valores de digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca de seis classes de alimentos concentrados e volumosos, determinados pelo método de dois estágios, realizado em tubos individuais ou em equipamento automatizado de fermentação (incubadora in vitro). No segundo estágio da análise foi adicionalmente avaliado o efeito sobre a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca da utilização de solução ácida de pepsina ou do refluxo em solução de detergente neutro. Para ambos os estudos utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 6 (procedimentos in vitro x classes de alimentos). Os valores de digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca determinados pelo método realizado em tubos foram mais próximos dos relatados na literatura e consistentemente inferiores aos obtidos na incubadora in vitro. Os desvios-padrão das médias de digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca foram, em sua maioria, menores quando determinados pelo método realizado em tubos. O procedimento de refluxo com detergente neutro permitiu economia de tempo e recursos, com resultados semelhantes aos obtidos por meio da incubação em pepsina ácida. A aparente superestimativa dos valores de digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca condiciona a recomendação do emprego do equipamento automatizado à implementação de novos estudos, com ênfase no material utilizado na confecção dos sacos de incubação. ABSTRACT - The aim of this work was to compare the values of in vitro dry matter digestibility of six classes of concentrates and roughages feeds, determined by the two-stage technique carried in individual digestion tubes or using an automatized equipment of fermentation (filter bag technique, FBT). In the second digestion stage of the technique it was also evaluated the effect of pepsin acid solution and the reflux with neutral detergent solution on the in vitro dry matter digestibility. For both studies the experimental design was completely randomized with a 2 x 6 factorial arrangement (in vitro procedures x food classes). The IVDMD values determined in tubes were close to those found by others authors and lower than those obtained by the filter bag technique. Standard deviation of in vitro dry matter digestibility means were, in general, lower when the individual tubes method were used. The procedure using reflux with neutral detergent was less expensive and time-consuming, and yield similar results when compared to those using the acidified pepsin digestion methodology. The apparent overestimated values of in vitro dry matter digestibility observed in the filter bag technique suggests that the recommendation of the automatized equipment will be dependent of new studies, with emphasis to the material used to make the incubation bags. Made available in DSpace on 2022-09-05T17:20:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Artigo-meta-2011-RBSPA-Fernando.pdf: 194568 bytes, checksum: 3632892f2f77dbefcc73d5e0590208c4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011

RESUMO - Avaliaram-se os efeitos do fornecimento de três e seis quilos de concentrado na dinâmica da fase sólida e líquida, em vacas em lactação em pastagem de Coast cross fertilizada. Estimaramse os parâmetros da cinética de fluxo de partículas no trato gastrintestinal (TGI) por intermédio dos modelos de Grovum & Willians (1973) e Dhanoa et al. (1985), testando aquele que proporcione melhores valores preditos da excreção do cromo nas fezes e para os parâmetros da cinética da fase sólida, biologicamente aceitáveis, perante as dietas. O Coast cross manejado em pastejo intermitente, com cinco unidades animal (UA)/ha, em média, possuía 11,7% de PB; 70,2% de FDN; 35,2% de FDA e 63,8% de DIVMS. A quantidade de concentrado proporcionou uma ingestão de MS de 13,4 e 14,6 kg, proporcionando percentagens de nutrientes na MS da dieta de, respectivamente, 13,6 e 15,2% de PB, 2,6 e 3,2% de EE e FDN de 64,0 e 59,0%, aos tratamentos com três e seis quilos de concentrado, respectivamente. Os parâmetros da cinética de fluxo de partículas no TGI, não foram alterados pelos diferentes tratamentos. O modelo de Dhanoa et al. (1985) foi mais eficiente na estimação dos parâmetros relativos à taxa de passagem de vacas em lactação em pastagem e suplementadas. Os parâmetros avaliados na cinética da fase líquida, não foram influenciados pela maior ingestão de concentrado. ABSTRACT - The objectives of this study was to evaluate the effects of different amounts of concentrate, three (SU1) and six (SU2) kg of concentrate, on the dynamics of the solid and liquid phases in lactating Holland cows handled in fertilized Coastcross forage. For the determination of the parameters of the particle kinetics in the gastrointestinal tract, the models of Grovum e Willians (1973) and Dhanoa et al. (1985) were used, checking which provided the best predicted values of chromium excretion in the faeces and for the parameters of the solid-phase kinetics, biologically acceptable, in face of the experimental diets. The Coastcross handled in intermittent foraging, with lots of five animal units (UA)/ha had on average 11.7% PB, 70.2% FDN, 35.2% FDA and 63.8% of DIVMS. The different amounts of concentrate provided a mean dietary ingestion of 13.6% and 14.6% of MS, having nutrient percentages in the MS of the diet of 13.6% and 15.2% PB, 2.6% and 3.2% EE and FDN of 64.0% and 59.0%, respectively. The parameters of the flux kinetics of particles in the gastrointestinal tract were not altered by the different amounts of concentrate. The model of Dhanoa et al. (1985) was more effective in the determination of the parameters related to the rate of flux. The evaluated parameters for the liquid-phase kinetics were not influenced by the greater ingestion of concentrate. Made available in DSpace on 2022-09-05T18:26:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dinamica-da-fase-solida-e-liquida-no-trato-gastrintestinal-de-vacas-leiteiras.pdf: 223596 bytes, checksum: ad82a07ebbd5e99992b93a8646a6db30 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009

Field experiments were conducted to determine the adaptability and repeatability of dry matter production of seven sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) cultivars (AG 2002, AG 2005, Volumax, BR 501, BR 601, BR 701, Massa 3) to be used as silage in Coronel Pacheco and Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, during 1997-98 and 1998-99. Cultivar AG 2002 was recommended because it showed the best productivity, good performance, and was the cultivar that was closest to the ideal standard. Also, Volumax may be recommended due to its good performance when growing in favourable environments.. Suplemento.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-09-05T12:19:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Influencia-da-dieta-no-comportamento-da-populacao-de-ciliados-do-rumen.pdf: 3677011 bytes, checksum: 4d5f9bb52b73ce81d1e64f9a78e78daf (MD5) Previous issue date: 1998

Made available in DSpace on 2022-09-05T12:19:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Concentracao-de-amonia-no-rumen-de-vacas-mesticas.pdf: 1007134 bytes, checksum: 79029cf047e821550cf11859a6e59fdc (MD5) Previous issue date: 1998

Made available in DSpace on 2022-09-29T20:09:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Avaliacao-qualitativa-de-dois-metodos-de-amostragem-em-pastagens-de-capim-elefante.pdf: 36436 bytes, checksum: e3e15514e12bdd21fa75d6ecd06f8109 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1997

Made available in DSpace on 2022-09-05T13:19:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dinamica-ruminal-e-pos-ruminal-da-cana-de-acucar-e-do-farelo-de-algodao-em-bovinos.pdf: 2287665 bytes, checksum: adb3e480d931ed5cab04d31ab061256d (MD5) Previous issue date: 1993