Search

Copyright of Specula is the property of SPECULA UCV and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Semaprochilodus taeniurus (Valenciennes 1821) are known to inhabit the middle and lower regions of the Amazon basin. This study presents the first record of this species in the Peruvian Amazon, in the Lizardo stream, a tributary of the Putumayo River, Loreto region. The specimens were identified using meristic, morphological, and morphometric features as well as DNA barcodes based on the mitochondrial COI gene. This new species record contributes to enhancing our understanding of fish diversity in the Peruvian Amazon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Peru site will enroll subjects in a periurban area of the low Amazon rainforest. The political department of Loreto lags behind most of Peru in access to improved sources of water and sanitation, per capita income, children born <2.5 kg, and infant and child mortality. Chronic undernutrition as manifested by linear growth shortfalls is common, but wasting and acute malnutrition are not. Methods The recruitment of children seeking care for acute diarrheal disease takes place at a geographic cluster of government-based primary care centers in an area where most residents are beneficiaries of free primary healthcare. Results Rates of diarrheal disease, dysentery, and Shigella are known to be high in the region, with some of the highest rates of disease documented in the literature and little evidence in improvement over the last 2 decades. This study will update estimates of shigellosis by measuring the prevalence of Shigella by polymerase chain reaction and culture in children seeking care and deriving population-based estimates by measuring healthcare seeking at the community level. Conclusions Immunization has been offered universally against rotavirus in the region since 2009, and in a context where adequate water and sanitation are unlikely to obtain high standards in the near future, control of principal enteropathogens through immunization may be the most feasible way to decrease the high burden of disease in the area in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the dedication of music prints to influential political figures during the early modern era, specifically focusing on Antonio Migliori's poem and its musical setting by Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, which were dedicated to Christine of Lorraine. The dedication of these works to Christine served to showcase her devotion to the Virgin Mary and reinforce her position as the grand duchess of Tuscany. The article also delves into Migliori's background and his reasons for seeking Christine's patronage. Additionally, it discusses the influence of the Litany of Loreto on Migliori's poem and the significance of the dedication in the context of the challenging circumstances surrounding Christine's husband's rise to power. The article also explores the historical context and motivations behind Palestrina's collection of spiritual madrigals, which was dedicated to Christine and influenced by her pilgrimage to Loreto. It suggests that Palestrina's connections in Rome, his association with the confraternity of Santissima Trinità, and his friendship with Cardinal Montalto may have facilitated his collaboration with Christine. The article highlights the interconnectedness of religion, culture, and politics in the composition and dedication of the madrigal collection. [Extracted from the article]

The article analyzes three fragments from the travel notes of Vasily Grigorovich-Barsky about pilgrimage sites identified as the house of the Virgin Mary in Mariazell, Loreto and Nazareth. This traveler, who lived in the 18th century, was an Orthodox Christian and his education was very close to European University tradition, was interested not only in the appearance and history of these complexes, but also in the authenticity of the objects of worship. The texts about Mariazell and Loreto are non-critical descriptions, although about the shrine in Nazareth in his description Barsky is doubting about the authenticity of what he had seen earlier. Bringing scientific arguments, he is convinced of the falsity of the Catholic shrine in Loreto and the falsity of the legend about moving the house to another location. His reasoning, at first glance, is a natural part of interfaith polemics, but when referring to the tradition of Loretan criticism, it turns out that the author is included in the polemic that began in European religious and scientific circles long before him. His arguments are of interest from the point of view of the history of the Church, since he refutes Catholic practice, relying on arguments of a scientific nature, and not on theology. В статье анализируются три фрагмента из путевых заметок Василия Григоровича-Барского о паломнических объектах, отождествляемых с домом Девы Марии, в Марияцелле, Лорето и Назарете. Путешественника, жившего в XVIII столетии, исповедующего православие и получившего образование, близкое к университетскому, интересовал не только облик и история этих комплексов, но и подлинность объектов поклонения. Тексты о Марияцелле и Лорето имеют характер некритических описаний, тогда как при обращении к святыне в Назарете Барский задаётся вопросом о подлинности увиденного им ранее. Приводя аргументы научного характера, он убеждается в поддельности католической святыни в Лорето и неистинности легенды о переносе домика Девы Марии. Его рассуждения, на первый взгляд, являются естественной частью межконфессиональной полемики, но при обращении к традиции лоретанской критики выясняется, что автор включается в полемику, начавшуюся в европейских религиозных и научных кругах задолго до него. Его рассуждения представляют интерес с точки зрения истории Церкви, поскольку он опровергает католическую практику, опираясь на аргументы научного характера, а не на богословие.

ABSTRACT Neea is one of the largest genera of Nyctaginaceae and comprises approximately 80 species distributed in the Neotropical region. Here, we report for the first time the occurrence of Neea madeirana in Peru, almost 50 years after it was first collected in this country, but was misidentified as Guapira noxia. We also insert N. madeirana in the identification key for Peruvian species of Neea and update the distribution map of N. madeirana. Given that we have not located any posterior specimen of G. noxia in Peruvian collections, and the original specimens cited as G. noxia correspond to N. madeirana, we suggest the exclusion of G. noxia from the Peruvian flora checklist.

Anthropologists have extensively examined the material politics of bureaucratic rule and technical expertise. But ethnographic analysis must also attend to the politics of mathematical abstractions that cannot be reduced to any specific kind of materiality. A key site to appreciate such politics is the georeferentiation of Indigenous property polygons in Peru's Amazonian region of Loreto. In the context of climate change and biodiversity loss, both the Peruvian state and Indigenous communities have pinned their hopes on mathematically stabilizing Indigenous property polygons. But these hopes are haunted by the confusing accumulations of informal attempts to make sense of these territories over time. To appreciate these accumulations, the state engineer (ingeniero) can serve as a privileged prism. Thinking through polygons provides an opportunity to interrogate emerging forms of Indigenous territoriality in Amazonia, as well as the contentious politics of mathematical abstractions in contemporary global environmental governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The study of the etiology of acute febrile illness (AFI) has historically been designed as a prevalence of pathogens detected from a case series. This strategy has an inherent unrealistic assumption that all pathogen detection allows for causal attribution, despite known asymptomatic carriage of the principal causes of acute febrile illness in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We designed a semi-quantitative PCR in a modular format to detect bloodborne agents of acute febrile illness that encompassed common etiologies of AFI in the region, etiologies of recent epidemics, etiologies that require an immediate public health response and additional pathogens of unknown endemicity. We then designed a study that would delineate background levels of transmission in the community in the absence of symptoms to provide corrected estimates of attribution for the principal determinants of AFI. Methods A case-control study of acute febrile illness in patients ten years or older seeking health care in Iquitos, Loreto, Peru, was planned. Upon enrollment, we will obtain blood, saliva, and mid-turbinate nasal swabs at enrollment with a follow-up visit on day 21–28 following enrollment to attain vital status and convalescent saliva and blood samples, as well as a questionnaire including clinical, socio-demographic, occupational, travel, and animal contact information for each participant. Whole blood samples are to be simultaneously tested for 32 pathogens using TaqMan array cards. Mid-turbinate samples will be tested for SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A and Influenza B. Conditional logistic regression models will be fitted treating case/control status as the outcome and with pathogen-specific sample positivity as predictors to attain estimates of attributable pathogen fractions for AFI. Discussion The modular PCR platforms will allow for reporting of all primary results of respiratory samples within 72 h and blood samples within one week, allowing for results to influence local medical practice and enable timely public health responses. The inclusion of controls will allow for a more accurate estimate of the importance of specific prevalent pathogens as a cause of acute illness. Study Registration Project 1791, Registro de Proyectos de Investigación en Salud Pública (PRISA), Instituto Nacional de Salud, Perú.

ABSTRACT The contamination of aquatic environments by microplastic has become a major threat to biodiversity. The presence of microplastic is documented in the aquatic fauna of the oceans, but, in the Amazon basin, reports on microplastic occurrence are few. The present study surveyed microplastic occurrence in fishes in an area of the Peruvian Amazon. We sampled 61 specimens of 15 commercial species from local markets in the city of Iquitos, Loreto Department. We detected a total of 2337 microplastic particles, 1096 in the gills and 1241 in the internal organs (esophagus, stomach, intestine, liver, gonads, pancreas, swim bladder and heart). The prevalence of microplastic particles was 100% and the overall average abundance was of 38.3 particles per individual (17.9 particles per individual in gills and 20.3 particles per individual in internal organs). Most particles were found in carnivorous fish. There was no correlation of particle abundance with fish standard length and weight. These results provided evidence of the degree of microplastic contamination of the fish fauna in the region of Iquitos.

En este estudio se realiza una estimación de la recarga potencial por infiltración de lluvia en la zona norte de Loreto en el estado de Baja California Sur, México, donde se incluyen las cuenca de Gombedor, Loreto y San Bruno; ello, en respuesta a la escasa información en el área y la urgencia que representa la presión sobre los recursos hídricos. A partir de datos de precipitación y temperatura de las estaciones climáticas cercanas al municipio de Loreto se realizaron modelos de precipitación y temperatura mediante el método de interpolación Kriging; con estos modelos se calcularon la evapotranspiración, el escurrimiento y finalmente la infiltración potencial. Los resultados obtenidos fueron de 5.37 Mm3 año-1 para la cuenca de Gombedor, 13.37 Mm3 año-1 en la cuenca de San Bruno y 7.62 Mm3 año-1 en el norte de Loreto. En la cuenca San Bruno se encuentran los pozos de extracción que surten a la ciudad de Loreto, aquí se estimó una recarga potencial de 1.97 Mm3 año-1 con una precipitación media anual de 207 mm. La infiltración por la lluvia es una de las fuentes más importantes de recarga de los acuíferos, junto con los flujos subterráneos, y la recarga artificial o inducida. El modelo hidrogeológico conceptual permite abordar más fácilmente la situación de la cuenca para elaborar estrategias de manejo. Este tipo de modelos puede resultar eficiente donde no hay aguas superficiales, ya que brinda un buen pronóstico para zonas con pocos datos o que son difícil acceso mediante el uso de técnicas de sistemas de información geográfica y geoestadísticas.

The article explores the literary description of the Marian shrine at Loreto written by Blessed Baptista Mantuanus (1447-1516), a prominent Christian poet of the Renaissance. Despite its historical significance, this work has received little attention in the research on the shrine. The origins of the text can be traced back to a brief period in the history of the Loreto Basilica when it was under the administration of the Carmelites, the order to which Blessed Baptista Mantuanus belonged. He played a crucial role in the spiritual renewal of the order at the end of the 15th century, and his personal devotion to the Virgin Mary is reflected in the work. For the first time, this article presents a Polish translation and a scholarly analysis of the text. Written in the 15th century, the work gained popularity and was translated into Italian shortly after its publication. It is divided into three main parts: a description of the miraculous transfer of the Holy House to Italy, an account of the events related to the expansion of the sanctuary and the Carmelites' stewardship, and a demonstration of the exceptional nature of Loreto by comparing it to other places in salvation history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artykuł prezentuje rzadko dotąd uwzględniany w badaniach nad historią sanktuarium maryjnego w Loreto literacki opis tego miejsca ułożony przez bł. Baptystę Mantuana (1447–1516) – czołowego poetę chrześcijańskiego epoki renesansu. Powstanie utworu związane jest z krótkim epizodem z historii Bazyliki Loretańskiej, kiedy opiekę nad nią sprawowali karmelici. Sam bł. Baptysta Mantuanus należał do tego zakonu i był jednym z głównych promotorów jego odnowy duchowej w końcu XV wieku. Dzieło stanowi zarazem jeden z licznych wyrazów osobistej pobożności maryjnej poety. Artykuł udostępnia po raz pierwszy polskie tłumaczenie i opracowanie naukowe tekstu, który krótko po napisaniu zdobył niemałą popularność i został przełożony na język włoski jeszcze w XV wieku. Dzieło bł. Baptysty Mantuana składa się z trzech zasadniczych części: opisu cudownego przeniesienia Świętego Domku do Italii, prezentacji wydarzeń związanych z rozbudową sanktuarium i powierzeniem pieczy nad nim karmelitom, ukazania wyjątkowości Loreto poprzez zestawienie z miejscami z historii zbawienia.

Background: The study of the etiology of acute febrile illness (AFI) has historically been designed as a prevalence of pathogens detected from a case series. This strategy has an inherent unrealistic assumption that all pathogen detection allows for causal attribution, despite known asymptomatic carriage of the principal causes of acute febrile illness in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We designed a semi-quantitative PCR in a modular format to detect bloodborne agents of acute febrile illness that encompassed common etiologies of AFI in the region, etiologies of recent epidemics, etiologies that require an immediate public health response and additional pathogens of unknown endemicity. We then designed a study that would delineate background levels of transmission in the community in the absence of symptoms to provide corrected estimates of attribution for the principal determinants of AFI. Methods: A case-control study of acute febrile illness in patients ten years or older seeking health care in Iquitos, Loreto, Peru, was planned. Upon enrollment, we will obtain blood, saliva, and mid-turbinate nasal swabs at enrollment with a follow-up visit on day 21–28 following enrollment to attain vital status and convalescent saliva and blood samples, as well as a questionnaire including clinical, socio-demographic, occupational, travel, and animal contact information for each participant. Whole blood samples are to be simultaneously tested for 32 pathogens using TaqMan array cards. Mid-turbinate samples will be tested for SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A and Influenza B. Conditional logistic regression models will be fitted treating case/control status as the outcome and with pathogen-specific sample positivity as predictors to attain estimates of attributable pathogen fractions for AFI. Discussion: The modular PCR platforms will allow for reporting of all primary results of respiratory samples within 72 h and blood samples within one week, allowing for results to influence local medical practice and enable timely public health responses. The inclusion of controls will allow for a more accurate estimate of the importance of specific prevalent pathogens as a cause of acute illness. Study Registration: Project 1791, Registro de Proyectos de Investigación en Salud Pública (PRISA), Instituto Nacional de Salud, Perú. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: Although malaria control investments worldwide have resulted in dramatic declines in transmission since 2000, progress has stalled. In the Amazon, malaria resurgence has followed withdrawal of Global Fund support of the Project for Malaria Control in Andean Border Areas (PAMAFRO). We estimate intervention-specific and spatially-explicit effects of the PAMAFRO program on malaria incidence across the Loreto region of Peru, and consider the influence of the environmental risk factors in the presence of interventions. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational, spatial interrupted time series analysis of malaria incidence rates among people reporting to health posts across Loreto, Peru between the first epidemiological week of January 2001 and the last epidemiological week of December 2016. Model inference is at the smallest administrative unit (district), where the weekly number of diagnosed cases of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum were determined by microscopy. Census data provided population at risk. We include as covariates weekly estimates of minimum temperature and cumulative precipitation in each district, as well as spatially- and temporally-lagged malaria incidence rates. Environmental data were derived from a hydrometeorological model designed for the Amazon. We used Bayesian spatiotemporal modeling techniques to estimate the impact of the PAMAFRO program, variability in environmental effects, and the role of climate anomalies on transmission after PAMAFRO withdrawal. Findings: During the PAMAFRO program, incidence of P. vivax declined from 42.8 to 10.1 cases/1000 people/year. Incidence for P. falciparum declined from 14.3 to 2.5 cases/1000 people/year over this same period. The effects of PAMAFRO-supported interventions varied both by geography and species of malaria. Interventions were only effective in districts where interventions were also deployed in surrounding districts. Further, interventions diminished the effects of other prevailing demographic and environmental risk factors. Withdrawal of the program led to a resurgence in transmission. Increasing minimum temperatures and variability and intensity of rainfall events from 2011 onward and accompanying population displacements contributed to this resurgence. Interpretation: Malaria control programs must consider the climate and environmental scope of interventions to maximize effectiveness. They must also ensure financial sustainability to maintain local progress and commitment to malaria prevention and elimination efforts, as well as to offset the effects of environmental change that increase transmission risk. Funding: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Institutes of Health, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

A new genus of Pudeoniscidae from Peru is described, Loretoniscus gen. nov., including a new species: Loretoniscus mashiriaensis gen. et sp. nov. The new genus is characterized by pereonite 1 epimera without dorsolateral furrows, pereonites 1 and 2 without ventral lobes, telson with distal portion covering uropod endopods, and pleopod 1–2 exopods with respiratory areas. This is the first record of the family Pudeoniscidae from Peru, considerably extending its distribution in the Neotropical region.

Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Summary: Two new species of Stenostephanus, S. borarum and S. brevistamineus, are described and illustrated. Distribution maps and notes on their conservation status are provided. Razisea ericae is transferred to Stenostephanus as S. ericae, now that Razisea is subsumed in Stenostephanus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the Indian mission of IBVM nuns, and the role played by them in the spread of female education in India. While acknowledging that missionaries were part of the imperial process, this study analyzes the work of Catholic nuns in India, their convents, and curriculum to show how their work advanced women's educational opportunities in India. In the process the study examines how Catholic nuns resisted the dominating attitude of the Catholic Church in India. The last section of the article examines how Christian influence under missionaries not only prepared good mothers and wives but also trained Indian women to defy tradition and become economically independent. By evaluating both the contributions and the limitations of the work of IBVM nuns this article shows the complex nature of their work under colonial rule, their confrontations with the Christian patriarchs and efforts to fight for the rights of colonized women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wind disturbance can create large forest blowdowns, which greatly reduces live biomass and adds uncertainty to the strength of the Amazon carbon sink. Observational studies from within the central Amazon have quantified blowdown size and estimated total mortality but have not determined which trees are most likely to die from a catastrophic wind disturbance. Also, the impact of spatial dependence upon tree mortality from wind disturbance has seldom been quantified, which is important because wind disturbance often kills clusters of trees due to large treefalls killing surrounding neighbors. We examine (1) the causes of differential mortality between adult trees from a 300-ha blowdown event in the Peruvian region of the northwestern Amazon, (2) how accounting for spatial dependence affects mortality predictions, and (3) how incorporating both differential mortality and spatial dependence affect the landscape level estimation of necromass produced from the blowdown. Standard regression and spatial regression models were used to estimate how stem diameter, wood density, elevation, and a satellite-derived disturbance metric influenced the probability of tree death from the blowdown event. The model parameters regarding tree characteristics, topography, and spatial autocorrelation of the field data were then used to determine the consequences of non-random mortality for landscape production of necromass through a simulation model. Tree mortality was highly non-random within the blowdown, where tree mortality rates were highest for trees that were large, had low wood density, and were located at high elevation. Of the differential mortality models, the non-spatial models overpredicted necromass, whereas the spatial model slightly underpredicted necromass. When parameterized from the same field data, the spatial regression model with differential mortality estimated only 7.5% more dead trees across the entire blowdown than the random mortality model, yet it estimated 51% greater necromass. We suggest that predictions of forest carbon loss from wind disturbance are sensitive to not only the underlying spatial dependence of observations, but also the biological differences between individuals that promote differential levels of mortality.

El 5 de octubre del 2019 se capturó un individuo de Catharus fuscescens, como parte de los muestreos mensuales del proyecto Monitoreo de las poblaciones de avifauna en el departamento de Loreto – Perú realizado por el Observatorio de Aves Loreto - LBO en la comunidad de San Rafael, distrito de Indiana, departamento de Loreto. Esta captura representa el primer registro documentado de C. fuscescens para el departamento de Loreto, confirmando la condición sugerida de migrante raro en el extremo noreste del Perú en su paso hacia el sur durante su migración hacia Sudamérica.

We describe a new species of microhylid frog of the genus Synapturanus from the lower Putumayo basin in Loreto, Perú. Specimens inhabited the soils of stunted pole forests growing on peat. The new species is distinguished from other species of Synapturanus through morphology, genetics, and acoustic characteristics. This species differs from most nominal congeners by having a head flat in lateral view (vs convex in the rest of species), a characteristic only shared by S. rabus and S. salseri. The new species can be distinguished from S. rabus and S. salseri by a combination of morphological characters and by having an advertisement call with a note length of 0.05-0.06 seconds (vs 0.03 seconds in S. rabus) and a dominant frequency ranging from 1.73 to 1.81 kHz (vs 1.10-1.47 kHz in S. salseri). Principal component analyses of 12 morphological characters and three acoustic variables further support differences between the new species and its described and undescribed congeners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cé gur tugadh dialann ar Turas na dTaoiseach Ultach as Éirinn, is beag an chabhair a thugann an rangú seo dúinn chun léargas ceart a fháil ar cheapadóireacht Thaidhg Uí Chianáin. Siúd is go gcuimsíonn an reacaireacht beagnach cúig mhí dhéag, caitear níos mó ná daichead faoin gcéad den chuntas ar aon dá lá amháin, oilithreacht Loreto agus oilithreacht na Seacht mBaisleac sa Róimh. Áitítear san aiste seo go bhfuil coincheap na hoilithreachta lárnach sa téacs ar fad. Le linn na tréimhse a chaith siad san Ísiltír Spáinneach idir Samhain 1607 agus earrach na bliana dár gcionn, fuair Aodh Ó Néill agus Tadhg Ó Cianáin araon tuiscint ar an gcaoi ar mhúnlaigh an pietas austriaca iompar na n‑ard-diúic Albert agus Isabella, idir chreideamh agus pholaitíocht. Chonaic siad ina theannta sin an ról lárnach a d’imir oilithreachtaí go Halle, tearmann fíorcháiliúil le Muire san Ísiltír Spáinneach, nuair a bhí cinntí tábhachtacha polaitíochta á dtógáil ag na hard-diúic. An cineál stáit chaitlicigh nach bhféadfadh Ó Néill ach a shamhlú in Éirinn, bhí sé ag feidhmiú go paiteanta i bhFlóndras os comhair a dhá shúl. Rinne Tadhg Ó Cianáin pietas ulidiana den pietas austriaca. Ina theannta sin, más reacaireacht phoiblí seachas léitheoireacht phríobháideach a bhí i gceist ag Ó Cianáin, bhí ar a chumas communitas fíorúil oilithreach a chruthú dóibh siúd nach raibh in ann oilithreachtaí fisiciúla a dhéanamh, ‘taisteal anma’ a sholáthar dóibh, agus gaisneas a bhaint as fuaimeanna dea-roghnaithe a chuid ceapadóireachta d’fhonn a leasa spioradálta.

Copyright of Biotropica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Teenage pregnancy is considered to be a public health problem because of its high frequency, because it produces low levels of education for women, and because it contributes to the reproduction of poverty. In this respect, during the last fifteen years Loreto has presented the largest quantity of teenage mothers in the country. Belén, one of the districts of Iquitos, presents the highest number of teenage’ mothers, lowest education levels for women, and the highest poverty rate. Therefore, we seek to understand teenage pregnancy in relation to school dropout. To do that, we use the semi-structured interview, working images and empirical observations with the purpose of delving into those representations and the daily dynamics of the place of residence. We found women follow three different life courses resulting in school dropout, pregnancy and cohabitation: there are women who drop out from the school before they get pregnant, others who drop out before they start to cohabitate and those who drop out after they get pregnant.

El artículo trata sobre las acciones realizadas por los actores locales en la zona rural de la Selva, en la región peruana de Loreto, frente a la pandemia COVID-19. De ello, se propone aprender algunas lecciones que ayuden a mejorar las respuestas y/o las acciones en otras zonas rurales del país, a las cuales el virus paulatinamente va llegando.

This contribution makes the history, in the long term of the Christian world, of a gesture: the presentation of the small model of the church by the one who is the donor (the patron, the benefactor, the protector). What is the significance of this gesture, in its formal analogies, in the precision of its act, down to the greatest detail of the hand, the fingers, the posture? A long journey, but one that lingers a little longer on the extraordinary altar stone of the church of Avenas (late 11th-early 12th).

Se aporta un registro de Pristimantis orcus situado en un enclave selvático adyacente al cauce medio del río Mazán, situado en la provincia de Loreto, al norte de Perú. Se amplía el rango distributivo conocido para la especie en 210 kilómetros hacia el nordeste, desde la localidad tipo. Este registro tiene la peculiaridad de estar fechado en 1992, diecisiete años antes de que la especie fuera descrita científicamente en 2009. Así como el interés de sumarse a las ocho únicas localizaciones conocidas hasta el momento, siete de ellas en territorio peruano y una en brasileño. Se incluyen anotaciones sobre biometría y fenología reproductiva. ____________________________________________ Abstract: A record is provided of Pristimantis orcus located in a jungle enclave adjacent to the midsegment of the river Mazán, situated in the province of Loreto, in northern Perú, extending the known distribution range by 210 kilometres northeast, of its type locality. The peculiarity of this record is that it is dated in 1992, seventeen years before the species was described in 2009. This new record is the eighth location known until now for P. orcus, seven locations having been discovered in Peru and one in Brazil. This article includes notes on biometrics and reproductive phenology.

The offer of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) is, today, wide and varied, and they have reached a ubiquitous diffusion, with a deep impact on any kind of human activity. They are, though, neither goods in themselves nor undoubtably facilitators of experiences. This article investigates the border between ICTs as obstacles and ICTs as supports, taking into consideration the dialectic between religious experience and tourism experience, when it comes to visiting heritage sites of a religious nature. A first investigation of the role ICTs may have in a visit – or pilgrimage – to a Christian place of worship is presented: visitors to the Sanctuary of the Holy House of Loreto (Italy) were surveyed, with the aim of unveiling differences between a worship-oriented and a tourism-oriented use of ICTs. Findings show that the motivation driving the visit impacts the perception of ICTs and that the religious/spiritual experience needs to be kept personal.

We report the presence of the Rufous Collared Sparrow Zonotrichia capensis for the first time in the departments of Loreto and San Martín at 155 and 240 m altitude respectively, which corresponds to the first confirmed record of the species for the Peruvian Amazon. It is possible that the presence of the species is due to the existence of the Tarapoto - Yurimaguas road, which would facilitate the occupation of the species by landscape transformation.

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Neusticomys peruviensis is a poorly known sigmodontine rodent of the tribe Ichthyomyini, represented in collections by only five specimens collected in five localities from lowland forests of central and southern Peru. Recent expeditions in Llanchama, in northern Peru, north of the Río Amazonas, and near Allpahuayo Mishana Natural Reserve (Loreto, Peru), were successful in obtaining three specimens of Neusticomys. Based on morphological and meristic data, we found the population at Llanchama is distinct from the allopatric populations of N. peruviensis , and other species of Neusticomys. A species distribution model also shows the population at Llanchama is not highly predicted by the set of variables of the known localities of N. peruviensis. However, sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome- b gene indicate that genetic distinctiveness is low. Because intraspecific variability is important to understand evolutionary and biogeographic processes, and in concordance with the polytypic species concept, we interpret the population at Llanchama to represent a new subspecies of N. peruviensis that we describe in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Mexican federal agency, FONATUR, is planning a development project in Loreto, Baja California Sur, which will cause a ten-fold increase in the population and significant urban development along the coast.  The development planned for Loreto will take place along the western boundary of the National Marine Park Bay of Loreto (NMPBL), which was established to manage renewable and nonrenewable resources and to restore critical habitats. The park is home to commercial and sport fishing as well as ecotourism. Growths in tourism and in resident populations of the Loreto region will likely result in an increase in demand for fish. As the fleets of commercial and artisanal fisheries grow, the increase in fishing effort will intensify pressure on already overexploited local fish stocks. In addition, coastal development and pollution can result in the modification of areas that can serve as potential recruitment habitat for important fisheries species. In order to support any type of development in the area, management officials and city and government officials need to regulate and control all activities that impact the region’s natural resource stocks. The most urgent need is the establishment of ecosystem-based fisheries management, and officials must find an effective way to implement and enforce this management scheme. Conservation of critical habitats and spawning aggregations should be among the most important issues to address since their protection ensures replenishment of adult populations of target species.

U popularizaciji je kulta crne Madone Trsatske odnosno Loretske bila ključna uloga feudalnih gospodara Frankopana. Njezino je štovanje osobiti izraz zadobilo u 17. st. u Elegiji Frana II. Krste Frankopana Tržačkoga, kojega su na naslovnici II. latinsko-talijanskoga izdanja Divoto pianto (Loreto, 1794) priređivači titulirali grofom Trsatskim (Perpetuo Conte di Tersatto), a kako bi se istaknula veza između roda Frankopana i Trsatskoga svetišta. Osobiti je prilog radu potvrda o postojanju sačuvanoga primjerka prvoga izdanja Elegije: Franciscus Christophorus comes de Frangipanibus, Querimoniae piae (Macerata, 1656), koja je dosad bila poznata jedino prema prijepisu i prijevodu tiskanom u 18. stoljeću. Postojanje prvotiska moguće jedina Frankopanova za života tiskanoga djela potvrđeno je 2018. godine u Italiji (Recanati, Biblioteca diocesana p. C. Benedettucci; Perugia, Biblioteca Comunale Augusta).

L'articolo esamina i rapporti fra il cantiere della Santa Casa di Loreto e la costa orientale dell'Adriatico, attestati dai racconti di fondazione del santuario e dai documenti storici, che mostrano la presenza di una forte comunità di Schiavoni, organizzata n dal 1476 in una confraternita nationale, con propri sacerdoti e canonici e un ospedale per i pellegrini. Dopo aver esaminato il ruolo di vescovi come Francesco Morosini, vescovo di Parenzo e Giovanni Venieri da Recanati, arcivescovo di Ragusa, si approfondi- scono le gure degli architetti Marino di Marco Cedrino e Pietro Amorosi, documentati a Loreto rispettivamente fra il 1470 e il 1474 e il 1487 e il 1512. Entrambi furo- no impegnati come capo-mastri nel cantiere della basilica lauretana e sono stati a lungo tradizionalmente ritenuti "dalmati". Un esame complessivo della documentazione su questi maestri, unita a nuovi documenti, permettono invece di dimostrare una loro origine diversa, veneziana per Cedrino e lombarda per Amorosi. Nonostante questi risultati, Loreto può essere ritenu- ta ugualmente un cantiere "illirico": il santuario con il suo secolare cantiere architettonico è stato infatti uno dei maggiori motori dei contatti artistici fra le due sponde dell'Adriatico. Tali contatti riguardarono il trasporto e la lavorazione della pietra d'Istria per la chiesa e il palazzo apostolico, che coinvolsero architetti, scalpellini, scultori e padroni di navi, rappresentando un potente veicolo di scambi culturali e artistici fra la metà del XV e la ne del XVI secolo. Appositi rappresentanti e scalpellini di ducia a Rovigno, stipendiati dalla Santa Casa, provvedevano sul posto alla selezione e alla prima lavorazione delle pietre. Per provvedere ai trasporti da Rovigno a Loreto, l'archi- tetto della Santa Casa, Giovanni Boccalini da Carpi (1555- 1580), fece costruire appositamente una nave che poteva trasportare grano, olio e altri prodotti agricoli della Santa Casa da vendere in Istria in cambio della pietra, attivando una singolare strategia imprenditoriale.

This paper presents a small part of the pilgrimages undertaken by Croats during the 18th century across the Adriatic Sea to Loreto. The pilgrimages are described as a sui generis phenomenon of all human and religious societies. The history of the Catholic pilgrimage is analyzed through the perspective of common roots with Judaism and Islam, and the subsequent differentiation from other Christian confessions. Relations of the Croats with overseas territories since the 14th century are described, as well as their settlement in the hinterland of Ancona: Recanati and Loreto. The story of the Shrine of the Our Lady of Loreto is presented, the ties with the Croats settled there, and the foundation of a special seminary for Croats in 1580: the Illyrian College. During the review of the 4,890 documentary sources of volume I of the Croatian Maritime Regesta, a smaller segment of sources was found from the State Archive of Venice on the subject of pilgrimages. These sources list 44 pilgrimages from various locations on the Croatian coast. The types of ships they traveled on, the origin of the passengers, their number, organization in groups, the time of pilgrimage and the time of the year in which they occurred are analyzed. The most numerous pilgrims are from Lošinj (Lussino), followed by Cres (Cherso), Dugi Otok (Isola Lunga), Rovinj (Rovigno), Labin (Albona), Korčula (Curzola), Zadar (Zara) and Vis (Lissa).This work is a contribution to the study of the links between the two sides of the Adriatic in the 18th century, which requires further publication and analysis of documentary sources.

Background: The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Peru site will enroll subjects in a periurban area of the low Amazon rainforest. The political department of Loreto lags behind most of Peru in access to improved sources of water and sanitation, per capita income, children born <2.5 kg, and infant and child mortality. Chronic undernutrition as manifested by linear growth shortfalls is common, but wasting and acute malnutrition are not., Methods: The recruitment of children seeking care for acute diarrheal disease takes place at a geographic cluster of government-based primary care centers in an area where most residents are beneficiaries of free primary healthcare., Results: Rates of diarrheal disease, dysentery, and Shigella are known to be high in the region, with some of the highest rates of disease documented in the literature and little evidence in improvement over the last 2 decades. This study will update estimates of shigellosis by measuring the prevalence of Shigella by polymerase chain reaction and culture in children seeking care and deriving population-based estimates by measuring healthcare seeking at the community level., Conclusions: Immunization has been offered universally against rotavirus in the region since 2009, and in a context where adequate water and sanitation are unlikely to obtain high standards in the near future, control of principal enteropathogens through immunization may be the most feasible way to decrease the high burden of disease in the area in the near future., Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest. The authors: No reported conflicts of interest., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)

Copyright of Studi e Materiali di Storia delle Religioni is the property of Editrice Morcelliana S.p.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Art History / Sanat Tarihi Dergisi is the property of Ege University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Rhipha ignea, a new species from department Loreto, Peruvian Amazonia, is described and illustrated.

Herein, the first record of Lophodinium polylophum from Peru is presented. This fresh water dinoflagellate was identified in plankton samples from the lagoon Picoplancha of Santuario Nacional Pampas del Heath (Madre de Dios) and from a stream in the Puinahua River basin in Loreto.

The offer of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) is, today, wide and varied, and they have reached a ubiquitous diffusion, with a deep impact on any kind of human activity. They are, though, neither goods in themselves nor undoubtably facilitators of experiences. This article investigates the border between ICTs as obstacles and ICTs as supports, taking into consideration the dialectic between religious experience and tourism experience, when it comes to visiting heritage sites of a religious nature. A first investigation of the role ICTs may have in a visit - or pilgrimage - to a Christian place of worship is presented: visitors to the Sanctuary of the Holy House of Loreto (Italy) were surveyed, with the aim of unveiling differences between a worship-oriented and a tourism-oriented use of ICTs. Findings show that the motivation driving the visit impacts the perception of ICTs and that the religious/spiritual experience needs to be kept personal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Fluminensia is the property of Fluminensia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Los resultados muestran la presencia de tarántulas del área de concesión de la empresa Perufish Aquarium EIRL, quebrada Yanayacu, río Itaya, Loreto. Reportándose un total de 5 especies de la familia Theraphosidae. Las 5 especies estuvieron en los bosques de colinas bajas moderadamente disectadas y 3 de estas en el bosque de colinas bajas ligeramente disectadas. Las especies más abundantes fueron Megaphobema velvetosoma con 64.3% y Cyriocosmus sellatus con 35%. El tamaño promedio de la abertura de las madrigueras variaron en relación al tamaño de las especies, la más grande correspondió a Megaphobema velvetosoma con un promedio de 66,6 mm, y la más pequeña a Acanthoscurria ferina con un promedio de 21 mm. La temperatura del interior de las madrigueras varió de 25,2°C a 25,7°C y la humedad relativa de 88% a 88,7%. Las madrigueras se encontraron en el suelo con una capa de hojarasca que varió de 2,7 a 4,9 cm. Las especies de tarántulas se distribuyeron formando grupos en las zonas evaluadas. Las muestras de tarántulas se encuentran depositadas en la Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana y en la empresa Perufish Aquarium EIRL.