Search

The purpose of the work is revolved around presenting a literature review applied to wave-structure interactions. During this literature review, three types of breakwaters are presented: Bottom submerged breakwater, submerged plate, and seawalls breakwaters. Further, a numerical method used recently to study wave-structure interactions is presented. Furthermore, a simple analytical model is illustrated. Next, an experimental technique then also is depicted. For more details, this review will focus clearly on submerged bottom breakwater in discussion section for the reason of the importance of this breakwater for many hydrodynamic applications. Finally, valuable remarks will be deducted in the conclusion section.

The purpose of this work is to study the feasibility and efficiency of Generating Absorbing Boundary Conditions (GABCs), applied to wave-current interactions using the Method of Fundamental Solutions (MFS) as radial basis function, the problem is solved by collocation method. The objective is modeling wave-current interactions phenomena applied in a Numerical Wave Tank (NWT) where the flow is described within the potential theory, using a condition without resorting to the sponge layers on the boundaries. To check the feasibility and efficiency of GABCs presented in this paper, we verify accurately the numerical solutions by comparing the numerical solutions with the analytical ones. Further, we check the accuracy of numerical solutions by trying a different number of nodes. Thereafter, we evaluate the influence of different aspects of current (coplanar current, without current, and opposing current) on the wave properties. As an application, we take into account the generating-absorbing boundary conditions GABCs in a computational domain with a wavy downstream wall to confirm the efficiency of the adopted numerical boundary condition.

The intensification of agriculture relies on the application of large quantities of phytosanitary products, which contaminate the air, soil, water, and risk human life. This study was carried out in the Gharb plain, which belongs to the Sebou watershed in the North-West of Morocco. The goal of this study is to evaluate the contamination of the groundwater by insecticides using liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) analyses. This research paper covers the analysis of 20 samples of 20 different wells for an irrigated perimeter of 250,000 ha of the surface. Further, the analyses show the presence of intense contamination caused by insecticides, which areconcentrated in the southern part of the study area, where the contamination level is 50% of the water samples. This exceeds the norm of the World Health Organization (WHO) standard, which is represented in 0.5 µg/l. Furthermore, the analyses also detect the presence of 22 active ingredients of insecticides, such as malathion, methomylalderine, dieldrin, and fenthion. Risk assessment in our studies allowed us to determine that the different RQ calculated for five insecticides (Malathion; Mythomil; chloropyrifos-ethyl; Diazinon) recorded in underground water were up to 1, which proves the intensive use of insecticide in this region and the high risk of contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]