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Witnessing quantum correlation in real, practical experimental set-ups is a key focus for the development of near-future quantum technologies. Whilst there are several experimental protocols for witnessing entanglement, detecting quantum discord remains far more elusive. A recently proposed quantum discord witness offers an experimentally accessible set-up which allows the quantum discord to be witnessed through a non-linear combination of correlation functions. Interestingly, the experimental set-up can be mapped to Bayesian game theory allowing for an extended generalisation of the proposed witness. Subsequently, it is shown that there is a direct link between the expected payoff in Bayesian game theory and the previously proposed quantum discord witness by uniting these two concepts through the established CHSH game.

We present the evolution of quantum correlation in the quantum energy teleportation (QET) protocol using quantum discord, instead of the traditionally used entanglement entropy. In the QET protocol, where local observations and conditional operations are repeated, quantum correlations become nontrivial because of the statistical creation of mixed states. In this paper, we use quantum discord as a measure of quantum correlation in mixed states and investigate its relationship to teleported energy and phase transitions. During the process of Alice and Bob performing QET, one would expect that the entanglement between Alice and Bob is completely broken by Alice's measurement of the quantum state, and thus the quantum correlation disappears. However, contrary to this expectation, it is shown using quantum discord that the quantum correlation does not disappear during the entire process of QET. To demonstrate the robustness of the quantum correlation in QET at various phase structures, we perform the numerical analysis using several benchmark models including the Nambu-Jona-Lasino (NJL) model with both the chiral chemical potential and the chemical potential, which are useful to study the phase structures mimicking the chiral imbalance between left- and right- quarks coupled to the chirality density operator. In all cases we studied, the quantum discord behaved as an order parameter of the phase transition.

We present a simple quantum interactive proof (QIP) protocol using the quantum state teleportation (QST) and quantum energy teleportation (QET) protocols. QET is a technique that allows a receiver at a distance to extract the local energy by local operations and classical communication (LOCC), using the energy injected by the supplier as collateral. QET works for any local Hamiltonian with entanglement and, for our study, it is important that getting the ground state of a generic local Hamiltonian is quantum Merlin Arthur (QMA)-hard. The key motivations behind employing QET for these purposes are clarified. Firstly, in cases where a prover possesses the correct state and executes the appropriate operations, the verifier can effectively validate the presence of negative energy with a high probability (Completeness). Failure to select the appropriate operators or an incorrect state renders the verifier incapable of observing negative energy (Soundness). Importantly, the verifier solely observes a single qubit from the prover's transmitted state, while remaining oblivious to the prover's Hamiltonian and state (Zero-knowledge). Furthermore, the analysis is extended to distributed quantum interactive proofs, where we propose multiple solutions for the verification of each player's measurement. The complexity class of our protocol in the most general case belongs to QIP(3)=PSPACE, hence it provides a secure quantum authentication scheme that can be implemented in small quantum communication devices. It is straightforward to extend our protocol to Quantum Multi-Prover Interactive Proof (QMIP) systems, where the complexity is expected to be more powerful (PSPACE$\subset$QMIP=NEXPTIME). In our case, all provers share the ground state entanglement, hence it should belong to a more powerful complexity class QMIP$^*$.

Quantum discord has been utilised in order to find quantum advantage in an extension of the Clauser, Horne, Shimony, and Holt (CHSH) game. By writing the game explicitly as a Bayesian game, the resulting game is modified such the payoff's are different, and crucially restrictions are imposed on the measurements that Alice and Bob can perform. By imposing these restrictions, it is found that there exists quantum advantage beyond entanglement for a given quantum state. This is shown by decomposing the expected payoff into a classical and quantum term. Optimising over the expected payoff, results in the classical limit being surpassed. This gives an operational framework in order to witness and determine quantum discord., Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures

Optical readout of large scale dual-phase liquid Argon TPCs is an attractive alternative to charge readout and has been successfully demonstrated on a 2x2m active region within the CERN protoDUNE cold box. ARIADNE+ uses four Timepix3 cameras imaging the S2 light produced by 16 novel, patent pending, glass THGEMs. ARIADNE+ takes advantage of the raw Timepix3 data coming natively 3D and zero suppressed with a 1.6ns timing resolution. Three of the four THGEM quadrants implement readout in the visible light range through wavelength shifting, with the fourth featuring a VUV light intensifier, thus removing the need for wavelength shifting altogether. Cosmic ray reconstruction and energy calibration was performed. Presented is a summary of the detector setup and experimental run, preliminary analysis of the run data and future outlook for the ARIADNE program., Comment: Proceedings for NuFACT2022

We devised a protocol that allows two parties, who may malfunction or intentionally convey incorrect information in communication through a quantum channel, to verify each other's measurements and agree on each other's results. This has particular relevance in a modified version of the quantum coin flipping game where the possibility of the players cheating is now removed. Furthermore, the analysis is extended to $N$-parties communicating with each other, where we propose multiple solutions for the verification of each player's measurement. The results in the $N$-party scenario could have particular relevance for the implementation of future quantum networks, where verification of quantum information is a necessity.

This paper details a novel, patent pending, abrasive machining manufacturing process for the formation of sub-millimetre holes in THGEMs, with the intended application in gaseous and dual-phase TPCs. Abrasive machining favours a non-ductile substrate such as glasses or ceramics. This innovative manufacturing process allows for unprecedented versatility in THGEM substrates, electrodes, and hole geometry and pattern. Consequently, THGEMs produced via abrasive machining can be tailored for specific properties, for example: high stiffness, low total thickness variation, radiopurity, moisture absorption/outgassing and/or carbonisation resistance. This paper specifically focuses on three glass substrate THGEMs (G-THGEMs) made from Schott Borofloat 33 and Fused Silica. Circular and hexagonal hole shapes are also investigated. The G-THGEM electrodes are made from Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), with a resistivity of 150 $\Omega$/Sq. All G-THGEMs were characterised in an optical (EMCCD) readout GArTPC, and compared to a traditionally manufactured FR4 THGEM, with their charging and secondary scintillation (S2) light production behaviour analysed.

The ARIADNE Experiment, utilising a 1-ton dual-phase Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC), aims to develop and mature optical readout technology for large scale LAr detectors. This paper describes the characterisation, using cosmic muons, of a Timepix3-based camera mounted on the ARIADNE detector. The raw data from the camera are natively 3D and zero suppressed, allowing for straightforward event reconstruction, and a gallery of reconstructed LAr interaction events is presented. Taking advantage of the 1.6 ns time resolution of the readout, the drift velocity of the ionised electrons in LAr was determined to be 1.608 \pm 0.005 mm/{\mu}s at 0.54 kV/cm. Energy calibration and resolution were determined using through-going muons. The energy resolution was found to be approximately 11 % for the presented dataset. A preliminary study of the energy deposition (dE/dx) as a function of distance has also been performed for two stopping muon events, and comparison to GEANT4 simulation shows good agreement. The results presented demonstrate the capabilities of this technology, and its application is discussed in the context of the future kiloton-scale dual-phase LAr detectors that will be used in the DUNE programme., Comment: Paper published to MDPI Instruments

We provide analytical and numerical evidence that the attractive two-dimensional Kitaev model on a lattice with mirror symmetry demonstrates unusual 'intrinsic' phase at half filling. This phase emerges in the phase diagram at the boundary separating two topological superconductors with opposite Chern numbers and exists due to condensation of non-zero momentum Cooper pairs. Unlike Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov superconductivity, the Cooper pairs momenta are lying along two lines in the Brillouin zone meaning simultaneous condensation of a continuum of Cooper pairs., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures

Few states have established systems for overseeing dual enrollment programs to encourage institutions to align their practices with quality standards. Five states (Arkansas, Indiana, Minnesota, Iowa, and South Dakota), have established incentives or requirements for post-secondary concurrent enrollment providers to pursue the National Alliance of Concurrent Enrollment Partnerships (NACEP) accreditation as one quality assurance mechanism. NACEP's peer-review accreditation process promotes the implementation of policies and practices to ensure that concurrent enrollment courses offered in the high school are the same as the courses offered on the sponsoring college campus. A number of states are currently designing or redesigning dual enrollment oversight systems, including Indiana, Colorado, Kentucky, Ohio, Oregon, Montana, and Wyoming. While prior studies by the Education Commission of the States, the Community College Research Center, and the Western Interstate Compact for Higher Education have examined dual enrollment policies across the 50 states, none have looked in depth at the processes by which states conduct program oversight. This report is designed to fill that void, by illuminating dual enrollment oversight and review strategies among the following state-level entities: (1) Florida Department of Education; (2) Illinois Community College Board; (3) Oregon Dual Credit Oversight Committee; (4) South Dakota Board of Regents; (5) Utah System of Higher Education and Utah Office of Education; and (6) Virginia Community College System. The report presents these six as in-depth case studies, and does not evaluate or judge the practices. NACEP does not take a position favoring a particular form of dual enrollment program oversight, and instead offers this report to help further knowledge and understanding of state-level policies and practices that advance the goal of seamless education through secondary and post-secondary collaborations. A list of works cited and selected state resources is included. (Contains 4 footnotes.)

A three-legged stool is always stable, regardless of its placement on an uneven surface. Keeping the top parallel to the floor and comfortable to sit on, however, requires careful steps to achieve balance among each of the three legs. In carrying out their work, authorizers typically work to achieve steadiness in a two-party accountability relationship with a charter school. Introducing a third-party service provider adds complexity to the relationship, but need not destabilize the stool. Indeed, if constructed well, the three parties joined together can form a particularly solid and stable foundation for school success. A well-structured accountability system is the key to a stable trilateral relationship that will foster school success. Nearly 30% of charter schools nationwide receive substantial services--such as whole-school design or comprehensive school management--from external organizations known as education service providers (ESPs). ESPs will continue to play an important role in the growth of the charter school movement, bringing substantial capacities and resources to the schools they serve. At the same time, outsourcing core school functions creates special oversight responsibilities for charter school governing boards as well as for authorizers chartering schools with such contracts. Authorizers must understand these responsibilities in order to create a solid foundation for schools working with service providers. This Issue Brief is a primer for authorizers overseeing contractual relationships between charter schools and ESPs. It will help authorizers understand the benefits that ESPs can bring to charter schools, as well as how to oversee these service relationships effectively. The brief begins by identifying the main types of education service providers serving the charter school market today and various reasons why charter schools contract with these organizations. It then focuses on authorizers' responsibilities in approving and overseeing charter schools that contract with ESPs, offering examples of practices that help authorizers steady the three-legged stool to support and increase school success. (Contains 8 endnotes and 3 resources.)