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The recent statistical data and market studies have shown that today Ukraine electricity market requires certain changes and modifications. Reform is necessary to build a new model of interaction between all participants in the energy market. The problem is too monopolized the electricity market, lack of understanding of the marketability of the category, transparency of electricity pricing, the ability to freely choose contractors and so on. Therefore, we can safely say that the new model of the energy market of Ukraine should be a powerful impetus to the energy sector development, which will lead to key indicators of sustainable economic development - energy efficiency, energy sufficiency, energy independent, use of renewable resources. This study surveyed households using solar photovoltaics to determine the prospects for solar energy in rural communities. Like methodology of research options for the development of alternative energy households, were considered traditional, technical and economic factors such as technological readiness and ability to pay, access to information and experience, if you want to implement sustainable energy solutions in rural communities. Were also identified factors that influence the household's decision to install a photovoltaic module. The survey asked about the demographic data of the respondent (gender, age and level of education) and household (household size, type of business and income) to find out their level of electricity needs. These findings indicate that the positive experience of rural users undoubtedly offers business opportunities to interact with rural households in meeting the unmet energy needs for further market growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the classical sense, benchmarking is the most effective way to find hidden production reserves through a comparative analysis of production and economic indicators of farms (agricultural enterprises) in the industry. It allows you to determine your strengths and weaknesses; to identify those methods of work that need to be improved; compare your achievements with competitor performance; improve business processes and product quality, increase efficiency, reduce costs, etc. In this article by the method of benchmarking was determined the economic feasibility of keeping Lebedynska breed of dairy cows, despite the small amount of livestock. The calculations confirmed the economic feasibility of keeping the Lebedynska breed of dairy cows compared with other more common breeds of dairy cows, taking into account biologically-selective features. In the total cost of milk over 50% is the cost of forage. Therefore, to calculate how profitable is the milk production, it is worth to determine how many kilograms of milk we get from 1 kg of dry matter of forage. Among our calculations, the highest conversion rate of dry matter of forage (1.42-1.44) have Holstein, Ukrainian brown and Ukrainian black-pinto breeds, and the smallest has Ukrainian red-pinto breed (1.18). Lebedynska breed has an index of 1.28. It is very clear: increasing productivity will increase the efficiency of forage conversion and farm profitability. But important factor for the efficiency of forage conversion is the improvement of roughage quality. Productivity of cows has a direct dependence on feeding: Holstein breed has 31.9 kg of milk yield per day (fat 3.84%, protein 3.28%); Lebedynska - 25.1 kg per day (fat 3.8%, protein 3.43%). The structure of the cow ration determines the forage costs (the cost of a feed-day). The highest forage costs have the farms where the concentrated feed is dominated by the structure of ration. It`s the farms holding the Holstein breed - 191.7 UAH (by feeding 20.5 kg of grain per day per cow), the smallest - 82 UAH - farms holding the Ukrainian brown (4.3 kg grain per day per cow). In the structure of the diet of Lebedynska breed cows, grains contain 8.5 kg, and the cost of the feed-day is 100.3 UAH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. Ukraine has a large number of legal acts regulating production of meat and dairy products, provision and management of investment, labour, material and technical resources, innovations, land. However, this number of constituent and regulatory documentation does not help, but creates additional difficulties in economic activity. The main key to revival of the meat industry and the dairy cattle producers, as well as efficiency of agricultural enterprises improvement is creation of regulatory framework through the clever combination of market self-regulation and government support. Discussion. In today's realities, market cannot ensure food security, parity prices of industrial and agricultural products, export promotion, ecologization of production, preservation and improvement of breeding potential, development of the rural areas. Hence, the mechanism of state support for the compensation of market inability is a common phenomenon around the world. Results. Equally important for Ukraine are the problems of economic and legal mechanism and the corresponding financial basis for the implementation of certain provisions of legal acts, as well as inconsistency of many legal acts of agricultural legislation with the norms and standards of the European Union and the World Trade Organization. The quality of legislation is one of the most important factors of national security, protection of the national interests of Ukraine, the rights and interests of legal subjects. Current regulations provide satisfactory conditions for the investment climate improving. Experts note that most of the investors' risk are associated with unpredictable changes in legislation, and about 50% of the risk are caused by the state policy imperfection in the field of agriculture and cattle breeding, if the actions are inadequate in conditions of the market and do not allow agricultural producers to predict the future conduct of its own economic activity, and investors - to be sure about return on investment. Conclusion. To bring the legal framework of Ukraine's agriculture on a new, global level and make it more effective, we must use a global law-making experience. In addition, approval of the Agrarian Code of Ukraine will help to avoid many problems, for example, by improving the mechanism of calculation and payment of subsidies to the producers of milk and meat cattle. Today, in dairy cattle industry 3 state programs are being implemented, and in the area of beef cattle - a national project «Renewed cattle», the implementation of which will make it possible to stabilize and build up cattle herds, to raise the level of consumption of animal products per person, increase volume of production, and improve the financial and economic situation of farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]