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Mitosis mediates the accurate separation of daughter cells, and abnormalities are closely related to cancer progression. KIF11, a member of the kinesin family, plays a vital role in the formation and maintenance of the mitotic spindle. Recently, an increasing quantity of data have demonstrated the upregulated expression of KIF11 in various cancers, promoting the emergence and progression of cancers. This suggests the great potential of KIF11 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. However, the molecular mechanisms of KIF11 in cancers have not been systematically summarized. Therefore, we first discuss the functions of the protein encoded by KIF11 during mitosis and connect the abnormal expression of KIF11 with its clinical significance. Then, we elucidate the mechanism of KIF11 to promote various hallmarks of cancers. Finally, we provide an overview of KIF11 inhibitors and outline areas for future work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community-based tourism is key to rural sustainable development. However, information remains inadequate on how natural resource management institutions restructure community social capital and property rights regimes while developing community cooperation and tourism participation within evolving rural socio-economic systems. This study investigates two rural villages, one under a household-based rangeland transfer system and the other under a community cooperative institution, to quantitatively assess how each mediates rights-based, structure-based, and network-based access mechanisms influencing community cooperation and tourism outcomes. The community cooperative institution facilitated higher rights-based and network-based access to tourism resources and markets for all community members, improving tourism participation and the equitable distribution of tourism benefits. This is because it uses hybrid and nested property rights provisions and social capital operating at different scales to protect individual rights and the balance of power. These practices restore social reciprocity, community redistribution, and market networks in building community cooperation, which better responds to the changing features of the rural socio-economic system. Therefore, social capital and property rights regimes are components of a nested community institution used to restructure social networks, rights, and entitlements. By these means, rural communities can devise different cooperative scales to govern their access to tourism resources and markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inner fracture zones play a decisive role in the formation of high-quality reservoirs in buried hill reservoirs in covered metamorphic rock. Based on core, sidewall core, thin section, seismic, logging and reservoir physical property data, the fracture development characteristics of the Bozhong 13-2 block buried hill reservoir are described in detail and the controlling factors and the influence on reservoir quality are discussed. The results showed: (1) three groups of tectonic fractures developed in the study area—near-EW-striking, ENE-striking and nearly N–S-striking fractures—were controlled by the early Indosinian thrusting, the late Indosinian to early Yanshanian sinistral strike-slipping and the late Yanshanian late dextral strike-slipping in the Bohai Bay Basin, respectively. The ENE- and nearly-E-W-striking fractures are the most common, and the dip angles of the fractures are mostly between 35° and 75° and thus oblique. (2) The Indosinian-early Yanshanian was the main fracture-forming period, and the dextral strike-slip action in the late Yanshanian was the key to maintaining effective fractures. Imaging logging shows that 97.87% of the fractures are effective fractures. Based on thin section observation, 14.47% of the fractures are unmodified open fractures and 80.37% of the fractures are effective fractures due to reactivation. (3) The late Yanshanian strike-slip fault transformed the deformation adjustment zone formed by the early Indosinian thrust faulting and the core of the fold structure was more conducive to fracture development. The fracture density of a single well located within the deformation adjustment zone and at the core of the fold is between 0.93–1.49 m−1, the fracture density of a single well located only at the core of the fold is between 0.67–0.75 m−1 and that of a single well located at the wing of the fold is between 0.35–0.59 m−1. Diabase dike intrusions promoted the development of local fractures. (4) Fractures promote the migration and accumulation of oil and gas, and the fracture density in the oil layer is between 0.81–2.19 m−1. That in the nonoil layer is between 0.25–1.12 m−1. In addition, fractures not only provide storage space but also effectively improve the reservoir capacity of the inner fracture zones of buried hill reservoirs by concentrating dissolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Limited research has employed a longitudinal approach to investigate the role of education level as an effect modifier on the relationship between cancer diagnosis history and the experience of major depressive disorder (MDD) with a nationally representative sample. We harnessed data from three installments of the MIDUS Longitudinal study (n = 7108). A Marginal Structural Model facilitated the investigation of associations between a history of cancer diagnosis, MDD, and potential modifying effects of education level. Inverse probability weighting helped manage confounding factors. Findings indicated that a cancer diagnosis made one year prior was linked with 3.741 times greater odds of experiencing MDD (95 % CI: 1.411–9.918, p < 0.01). This connection was absent for diagnoses made two years earlier. Among individuals with education up to high school, a recent cancer diagnosis significantly increased the likelihood of MDD in the subsequent wave by 3.45 times (95 % CI: 1.31–9.08, p < 0.05). This pattern was not apparent among better-educated individuals. As the exposure variable was dependent on self-reported questionnaires, recall bias could be a potential limitation. Moreover, unaccounted variables like genetic factors could introduce confounding. A recent cancer diagnosis, particularly among less educated individuals, correlated with an increased probability of MDD, while the impact was not observed for older diagnoses. These findings emphasize that the timing of a cancer diagnosis and education level need consideration in the mental health assessment of cancer survivors. • A recent cancer diagnosis was associated with increased MDD risk, but not for older diagnoses. • Lower-educated cancer survivors were more prone to MDD post-diagnosis than higher-educated ones. • Education and diagnosis timing should be considered when assessing cancer survivors' mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To conduct an overview of meta-analyses of radiomics studies assessing their study quality and evidence level. Methods: A systematical search was updated via peer-reviewed electronic databases, preprint servers, and systematic review protocol registers until 15 November 2022. Systematic reviews with meta-analysis of primary radiomics studies were included. Their reporting transparency, methodological quality, and risk of bias were assessed by PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 checklist, AMSTAR-2 (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews, version 2) tool, and ROBIS (Risk Of Bias In Systematic reviews) tool, respectively. The evidence level supporting the radiomics for clinical use was rated. Results: We identified 44 systematic reviews with meta-analyses on radiomics research. The mean ± standard deviation of PRISMA adherence rate was 65 ± 9%. The AMSTAR-2 tool rated 5 and 39 systematic reviews as low and critically low confidence, respectively. The ROBIS assessment resulted low, unclear and high risk in 5, 11, and 28 systematic reviews, respectively. We reperformed 53 meta-analyses in 38 included systematic reviews. There were 3, 7, and 43 meta-analyses rated as convincing, highly suggestive, and weak levels of evidence, respectively. The convincing level of evidence was rated in (1) T2-FLAIR radiomics for IDH-mutant vs IDH-wide type differentiation in low-grade glioma, (2) CT radiomics for COVID-19 vs other viral pneumonia differentiation, and (3) MRI radiomics for high-grade glioma vs brain metastasis differentiation. Conclusions: The systematic reviews on radiomics were with suboptimal quality. A limited number of radiomics approaches were supported by convincing level of evidence. Clinical relevance statement: The evidence supporting the clinical application of radiomics are insufficient, calling for researches translating radiomics from an academic tool to a practicable adjunct towards clinical deployment. Key points: The systematic reviews on radiomics studies were insufficient in reporting, suboptimal in methodological quality, and with high risk of bias. The meta-analyses covered a wide range of clinical questions, while only three of them were rated as convincing level of evidence. More radiomics investigation is necessary to allow clinical translation of radiomics to a practicable adjunct toward clinical deployment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) has been associated with depression, but the relationship has yet to be explored with respect to gender and sexual orientation in a nationally representative sample to help identify individuals at higher risk for depression. A dataset from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2014 was used in this study. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to test effect modification on both the multiplicative and additive scale using a sample of 57,684 subjects. Effect modification by sexual minority status was not significant on either the multiplicative scale (Ratio of ORs: 0.74, 95 % CI: 0.37–1.50, p = 0.395) or the additive scale (RERI: −0.22, 95%CI: −2.27–1.84, p = 0.833). Meanwhile, biological sex assigned at birth was a significant modifier only on the additive scale (RERI: 0.82, 95 % CI: 0.004–1.64, P = 0.049). Specifically, females (OR: 1.43, 95 % CI: 1.03–1.97, P = 0.032) had greater odds of having depressive symptoms compared with males (OR: 1.20, 95 % CI: 0.69–2.08, p = 0.509) after the HSV-2 infection. The analysis was based on a cross-sectional study; further investigation using longitudinal datasets might be beneficial. Sexual minority status did not modify the association between HSV-2 infection and having depressive symptoms. However, biological sex assigned at birth was a modifier only on the additive but not the multiplicative scale. Health workers should be alert for depression symptoms in females with HSV-2 infection. • Sexual minority status did not modify the association between HSV-2 infection and depression. • Biological sex was a modifier on the association between HSV-2 infection and depression only on the additive scale. • Females had greater odds of having depressive symptoms compared with males after the HSV-2 infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sexual minorities are at a higher risk of suffering from depressive symptoms compared with heterosexual individuals. Only a few studies have examined the conditions of having depressive symptoms within different sexual minority groups, especially people with sexual orientation uncertainty in a nationally representative sample. Furthermore, few studies have explored whether the mean white blood count (WBC) is different between people with and without depressive symptoms among different sexual minority groups in a nationally representative sample. Methods: We analyzed the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005 to 2014 with a sample of 14,090 subjects. We compared the prevalence of depressive symptoms in subpopulations stratified by sex, sexual minority status, and race. We also examined the difference in mean WBC count between depressed and non-depressed people among heterosexual individuals and different sexual minority groups. Additionally, two multivariable logistic regression models were used to explore the association between sexual minority status and depressive symptoms, treating sexual minority status as both a binary and categorical variable. Results: Female sex (OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.72—2.22) and sexual minority status (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.47—2.17) were both independently associated with depressive symptoms. Within the sexual minority population, subjects who were unsure about their sexual identities had the highest odds of having depressive symptoms (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.40—4.68). In the subgroup analysis considering intersectionality, black sexual minority females had the highest rate of depressive symptoms (19.4%, 95% CI: 7.72—40.98). Finally, the mean WBC count differed significantly between people with and without depressive symptoms among male heterosexual individuals, female heterosexual individuals, and female sexual minorities, but not among male sexual minorities. Conclusions: Based on sex, race, and sexual minority status, black females of sexual minority status had the highest rate of depressive symptoms. Within sexual minority groups, participants who were unsure about their sexual identities had the highest odds of having depressive symptoms. Finally, the mean WBC count was significantly higher among people with depressive symptoms than those without depressive symptoms only among male heterosexuals, female heterosexuals, and female sexual minorities, but not among male sexual minorities. Future research should investigate the social and biological mechanisms of the differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sexual minorities are at a higher risk of suffering from depressive symptoms compared with heterosexual individuals. Only a few studies have examined the conditions of having depressive symptoms within different sexual minority groups, especially people with sexual orientation uncertainty in a nationally representative sample. Furthermore, few studies have explored whether the mean white blood count (WBC) is different between people with and without depressive symptoms among different sexual minority groups in a nationally representative sample. Methods: We analyzed the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005 to 2014 with a sample of 14,090 subjects. We compared the prevalence of depressive symptoms in subpopulations stratified by sex, sexual minority status, and race. We also examined the difference in mean WBC count between depressed and non-depressed people among heterosexual individuals and different sexual minority groups. Additionally, two multivariable logistic regression models were used to explore the association between sexual minority status and depressive symptoms, treating sexual minority status as both a binary and categorical variable. Results: Female sex (OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.72—2.22) and sexual minority status (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.47—2.17) were both independently associated with depressive symptoms. Within the sexual minority population, subjects who were unsure about their sexual identities had the highest odds of having depressive symptoms (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.40—4.68). In the subgroup analysis considering intersectionality, black sexual minority females had the highest rate of depressive symptoms (19.4%, 95% CI: 7.72—40.98). Finally, the mean WBC count differed significantly between people with and without depressive symptoms among male heterosexual individuals, female heterosexual individuals, and female sexual minorities, but not among male sexual minorities. Conclusions: Based on sex, race, and sexual minority status, black females of sexual minority status had the highest rate of depressive symptoms. Within sexual minority groups, participants who were unsure about their sexual identities had the highest odds of having depressive symptoms. Finally, the mean WBC count was significantly higher among people with depressive symptoms than those without depressive symptoms only among male heterosexuals, female heterosexuals, and female sexual minorities, but not among male sexual minorities. Future research should investigate the social and biological mechanisms of the differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum graphs are ideally suited to studying the spectral statistics of chaotic systems. Depending on the boundary conditions at the vertices, there are Neumann and Dirichlet graphs. The latter ones correspond to totally disassembled graphs with a spectrum being the superposition of the spectra of the individual bonds. According to the interlacing theorem, Neumann and Dirichlet eigenvalues on average alternate as a function of the wave number, with the consequence that the Neumann spectral statistics deviate from random matrix predictions. There is, e.g., a strict upper bound for the spacing of neighboring Neumann eigenvalues given by the number of bonds (in units of the mean level spacing). Here, we present analytic expressions for level spacing distribution and number variance for ensemble averaged spectra of Dirichlet graphs in dependence of the bond number, and compare them with numerical results. For a number of small Neumann graphs, numerical results for the same quantities are shown, and their deviations from random matrix predictions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Taraxasterol (TAX) demonstrates strong pharmacological activity in some diseases. In this study, we demonstrate that TAX induces S-phase cell cycle arrest, prevents cell migration by interfering EMT, and induces cancer cell apoptosis. In addition, TAX administration downregulated the proportion of Treg cells and upregulated CD107a + NK cells in TME. Our in vitro and in vivo findings indicate that TAX could serve as a potential natural drug for lung cancer therapy. Taraxasterol (TAX), one of the active components in Dandelion, demonstrated strong antitumor properties in several cancers. However, the effect and underlying mechanism of TAX in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear. In this study, we showed that TAX inhibited the proliferation of cells by inducing S-phase cell cycle arrest and prevented cell migration by interfering epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in Lewis lung cancer (LLC) cells and lung carcinoma SPC-A1 cells. The pharmacological network analysis predicted that induction of apoptosis might be the potential mechanism of TAX-mediated cell deaths. Further in vitro experiments showed that TAX could significantly induce cancer cell apoptosis as verified by increased pro-apoptotic molecules including Bax, caspase-9, and PARP1 downregulated anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2; and decreased mitochondrial potential. The LLC subcutaneous tumor model demonstrated that TAX inhibited tumor growth by induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation in vivo, which is consistent with the in vitro data. Importantly, TAX administration downregulated the proportion of Treg cells and upregulated CD107a+ NK cells in the tumor microenvironment in the tumor model. Together, these data reveal that TAX performs its antitumor effect by inducing apoptosis and modulating the tumor microenvironment, providing evidence that TAX could serve as a potential natural drug for lung cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To obtain both plasticity and toughness of the material at the same time, various manufacturing techniques of ceramic-metal composites and structures have been studied. In this work, a bio-inspired Al 2 O 3 ceramic scaffold with Gyroid structure was designed and prepared by stereolithographic (SL) additive manufacturing, then the Al 2 O 3 /Al ceramic-metal hybrid structure was prepared by infiltrating molten Al into the Al 2 O 3 ceramic structure. The performances of the Al 2 O 3 ceramic scaffold and the Al 2 O 3 /Al ceramic-metal hybrid structure were compared and analyzed by a quasi-static compression experiment. The quasi-static compressive strength of the pristine Al 2 O 3 scaffold was 14.36 MPa, while that of the Al 2 O 3 /Al ceramic-metal hybrid structure was up to 89.06 MPa. Moreover, the plasticity of the Al 2 O 3 /Al ceramic-metal hybrid structure was much higher than that of the Al 2 O 3 scaffold. During compression, the Al 2 O 3 /Al ceramic-metal hybrid structure had excellent energy absorption, reaching up to 2569.16 KJ/m³, 15 times that of the Al 2 O 3 scaffold. Therefore, this method can obtain materials with excellent ductility and toughness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is concerned with the sufficient and necessary conditions for the global uniform exponential stability (GUES) of a class of uncertain nonautonomous switched nonlinear systems (UNSNS), that is, systems with time‐varying uncertain information. To start with, based on a piecewise continuous scalar function and a piecewise differentiable uncertainty‐dependent Lyapunov function along the trajectories, we propose alternative sufficient and necessary conditions for the GUES of UNSNS. Afterwards, for removing the dependence on uncertain information of the required Lyapunov functions, we combine an uncertainty‐independent Lyapunov function with its right upper Dini derivative and the above piecewise continuous scalar function to further obtain other alternative sufficient and necessary conditions for the GUES of UNSNS. Note that our conditions release the requirement on negative definiteness of the time‐derivatives and Dini derivatives of Lyapunov functions respectively, which is illustrated by Example 1. Further, for the rational UNSNS, we propose a linear semidefinite programming based computable approach to mechanically verify our current theoretical results. In the end, the effectiveness of our theoretical results and mechanical approach are illustrated by two examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research commenced with the synthesis of antimony-impregnated graphite composites, designated as C/Sb20 %, incorporating 20 % by weight of antimony. These specimens were subjected to a battery of tests employing the high temperature and high speed friction test bench and EDS, TEM, and XRD. Furthermore, through the deployment of molecular dynamics simulations, this paper elaborates on the construction of both planar and spherical models of the tungsten carbide (WC) structure alongside a comprehensive structural model of C/Sb20 %. Leveraging the canonical ensemble (NVT) and a diverse array of potential functions, including Morse and embedded atom model (EAM)/alloy potentials, the study delves into the wear dynamics and sliding friction phenomena at the interface of the C/Sb20 % friction pairs. Notably, findings from the simulations reveal a dramatic decline in antimony concentration within the C/Sb20 % samples, plummeting from an initial 19.6 % to 6.89 % over an experimental period of 4000 s, signaling a substantial depletion of antimony. Concurrently, the emergence of Sb2O3 and Sb2O5 oxides was observed, indicating oxidative phenomena. Further elucidation from FIB-TEM analysis confirmed that the antimony lattice within the C/Sb20 % consistently exhibited a face-centered cubic (FCC) configuration. Integrating insights from molecular dynamics simulations with SEM analyses conducted before and after experimentation, this study unveils the extraordinary activity and "softening" of antimony flake structures under extreme conditions. This transformation, from flake to agglomerated forms, coupled with sliding friction, leads to the disruption of the graphite's internal structure, facilitating the continuous efflux of antimony and, consequently, diminishing the structural integrity of the graphite. This degradation not only compromises the graphite's mechanical properties but also escalates the risk of secondary wear through the formation of metallic oxides. • The manuscript proposes the Morse potential function method for the modeling of Sb elemental model in molecular dynamics. • The Sb layer in C/Sb produces an agglomerated stacking structure that destroys the graphite interlayer structure. • The loss of Sb in C/Sb graphite is huge, with a loss rate of 65.7 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to study the gas film stiffness of the spiral groove dry gas seal. Design/methodology/approach: The present study represents the first attempt to calculate gas film stiffness in consideration of the slipping effect by using the new test technology for dry gas seals. First, a theoretical model of modified generalized Reynolds equation is derived with slipping effect of a micro gap for spiral groove gas seal. Second, the test technology examines micro-scale gas film vibration and stationary ring vibration to determine gas film stiffness by establishing a dynamic test system. Findings: An optimum value of the spiral angle and groove depth for improved gas film stiffness is clearly seen: the spiral angle is 1.34 rad (76.8º) and the groove depth is 1 × 10–5 m. Moreover, it can be observed that optimal structural parameters can obtain higher gas film stiffness in the experiment. The average error between experiment and theory is less than 20%. Originality/value: The present study represents the first attempt to calculate gas film stiffness in consideration of the slipping effect by using the new test technology for dry gas seals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to study the gas film stiffness of the spiral groove dry gas seal. Design/methodology/approach: The present study represents the first attempt to calculate gas film stiffness in consideration of the slipping effect by using the new test technology for dry gas seals. First, a theoretical model of modified generalized Reynolds equation is derived with slipping effect of a micro gap for spiral groove gas seal. Second, the test technology examines micro-scale gas film vibration and stationary ring vibration to determine gas film stiffness by establishing a dynamic test system. Findings: An optimum value of the spiral angle and groove depth for improved gas film stiffness is clearly seen: the spiral angle is 1.34 rad (76.8º) and the groove depth is 1 × 10–5 m. Moreover, it can be observed that optimal structural parameters can obtain higher gas film stiffness in the experiment. The average error between experiment and theory is less than 20%. Originality/value: The present study represents the first attempt to calculate gas film stiffness in consideration of the slipping effect by using the new test technology for dry gas seals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with necessary and sufficient conditions for stabilisability of time‐varying discrete‐time switched systems. Starting with an asymptotically stable function, an exponentially stable function and a uniformly exponentially stable function, we successively propose necessary and sufficient conditions for asymptotic stabilisability, exponential stabilisability and uniform exponential stabilisability of time‐varying switched linear systems. Further, considering the broad applications of finite‐time stability in practical systems, based on an additionally introduced concept of finite‐time stable functions, we derive a necessary and sufficient condition for finite‐time stabilisability of time‐varying switched linear systems. Afterwards, three illustrative examples are given to show the applicability of our theoretical results. In the end, we further discuss the necessary and sufficient conditions for global exponential stabilisability and global uniform exponential stabilisability of time‐varying switched non‐linear systems. Compared to traditional difference Lyapunov inequalities, we release the requirement on negative definiteness of the time‐difference of Lyapunov functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sulfur-containing organic pollutants and their derivatives are ubiquitously present in aquatic ecosystems. Their elevated environmental risk profiles have increasingly brought them to the forefront of scholarly attention. In light of this, the present study offered a comprehensive review of the developmental trajectory, current status, and future prospects of sulfur-containing organic wastewater treatment, as deduced from bibliometric and patent analyses. Post-2005 witnessed a marked surge in research publications, with China and the US spearheading this academic thrust, boasting the highest publication counts. Furthermore, collaborations saw a significant tilt towards partnerships involving China, the US, and Germany with international counterparts. The most prevalent 100 keywords, discerned from publications, coalesced around four pivotal domains: pollutants, technological advancements, chemical constituents, and detection methodologies. An emergent trend identified an uptick in the frequencies of terms such as "Sulfur-Oxidizing-Bacteria" and "Electrochemical Oxidation". From the technology innovation perspective, China's patent submissions constituted approximately two-thirds of the global filings. Technologies anchored in Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) and biodegradation held prominence, while membrane separation techniques, high-efficacy and recyclable catalysts, and cost-efficient procedures for addressing sulfur-containing wastewater were spotlighted as promising avenues, as inferred from the patent-based knowledge gap analysis. [Display omitted] • Swift progression in studies on sulfur-based organic contaminants. • A critical assessment of 5079 articles and 5763 patents. • Knowledge cartography illuminated sulfuric organic wastewater treatments. • AOPs and biodegradation emerge as quintessential technologies. • Membrane separation and recyclable catalysts exhibit vast potentialities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, Al 2 O 3 triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) scaffolds with cell sizes of 5 mm, 8.5 mm, and 12 mm were prepared by vat photopolymerization 3D printing, and Al 2 O 3 /Al ceramic-metal hybrid structures were subsequently obtained by the metal infiltration of AlSi10Mg. To investigate the influence of cell size on the mechanical properties of vat photopolymerization 3D printed Al 2 O 3 TPMS scaffolds and Al 2 O 3 /Al hybrid structures, quasi-static compression and dynamic impact experiments were conducted, and the failure modes during experiments were discussed. It was shown that the quasi-static compression and dynamic impact properties of Al 2 O 3 TPMS scaffolds gradually decreased with the increase in cell size, the compression strength decreased from 15.2 MPa to 8 MPa and the impact strength decreased from 37 MPa to 11 MPa, respectively, which was related to the stress transfer ability of the single cell. In contrast, the effects of cell size on the performance of Al 2 O 3 /Al hybrid structures were opposite. When the cell size increased, the quasi-static compression performances of the Al 2 O 3 /Al hybrid structure were greatly improved, and the compression strength increased from 175 MPa to 250 MPa. The impact resistances of the Al 2 O 3 /Al hybrid structure were further studied. The highest impact strength of the Al 2 O 3 /Al hybrid structure was 290.74 MPa. With the increase in cell size, the impact resistance of the Al 2 O 3 /Al hybrid structure had a gradual improvement trend. Under the cyclic impact, the Al 2 O 3 /Al hybrid structure showed a high impact strength and energy absorption capacity, which was mainly related to the metal phase content around the cell, i.e., the coherence of the metal phase. This study is believed to give help for the structural design of ceramic scaffolds and ceramic-metal hybrid structures. • Al 2 O 3 TPMS and Al 2 O 3 /Al hybrid structures were prepared by vat photopolymerization and metal infiltration. • Quasi-static compressive and cyclic dynamic impact performances were investigated. • The effects of cell size of triply periodic minimal surface scaffolds were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A composite model, which combined diamond thin film with surface microstructure, was designed on the surface of silicon carbide by picosecond laser and hot filament chemical vapor deposition. And the multifunctional friction and wear tester was used to study the tribological performance of the friction pair (silicon carbide-graphite) under oil-poor conditions to examine the tribological performance of the friction pair in terms of surface temperature rise and time-varying wear. The results show that the friction coefficient under the composite modeling of surface microstructure and diamond film reaches 0.009, and at the same time, the surface temperature of the composite modeling is only 61.2 ℃, which is 5.1% lower than that of only diamond film and 62.1% lower than that of no surface treatment, which indicates that the high frictional heat has caused a significant graphitization transition in the film. And the surface of the friction sub-surface with the lowest temperature (surface microstructure and diamond thin film composite modeling) kept the carbon content at more than 90% without the formation of Si-C bonding, which guaranteed the complete carbon friction transfer film; At the same time, the I D /I G ratio of the friction surface under the composite modeling of the surface microstructure and diamond film is about 0.06 at the abrasion mark, the I D /I G ratio of the diamond film only is about 0.33, and the I D /I G ratio of the friction surface without any surface treatment is about 1.37. Transient high temperatures lead to abrasion and localized spalling on the surface of friction pairs, causing graphite oxidation to become progressively more severe, thus transforming abrasive wear into adhesive wear. As a result, double composite surface configuration with diamond film and laser texture further reduced the transient temperature rise of the surface and improved the tribological performance of the friction pairs. • The article studies the tribological properties of friction pairs under diamond film and laser textured composite surfaces. • The friction performance of friction pairs was investigated from the point of view of transient temperature rise. • The formation of an oxide layer and the gradual worsening of graphitization lead to the appearance of adhesive wear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze and improve the lubrication performance of a floating cylindrical seal by investigating micro spiral groove. Design/methodology/approach: The lubrication model of is solved by finite difference, considering the influence of convergence eccentricity and Rayleigh step on the gas film period. A lubrication model, which is a gas film of floating microgroove cylindrical seal, is solved under high-precision central difference (finite-difference method-center) for the critical problems of convergence eccentricity and Rayleigh step. And then, an idea on the opening-leakage ratio is proposed, and a multiobjective optimization model is established. Finally, an experiment is conducted on a narrow gap to determine the gas film opening force and leakage by the modules of testing system, and the theoretical results are verified by real tests. Findings: The theoretical calculation results agree well with the experimental data, which proves the correctness of the lubrication optimization model, and the optimized groove has better lubrication performance. On the other hand, the sealing pressure plays a more important role in the seal operation. Originality/value: The theoretical model carries out low complexity and high sparseness, thus being very suitable for large-scale gas film problems. A multiobjective optimal function is established based on the opening-leakage ratio for optimizing groove. Finally, a curved groove of high precision and gas film opening force is obtained completely. Peer review: The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-02-2020-0048/ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on hydrothermal synthesis and solid-phase thermal reaction, LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 hollow nanospheres (LNCA HNSs) were synthesized by using SiO2 hollow nanospheres as hard template. Firstly, the SiO2 HNSs were prepared. Then, (Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05)CO3 nanosheets grew on the surface of SiO2 HNSs to form SiO2@(Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05)CO3 hollow nanospheres with double shells by hydrothermal method. Finally, the above precursors and lithium source were calcined at high temperature, and then SiO2 template was etched to obtain hollow LNCA HNSs. The characterization results showed that the LNCA HNSs are hollow spheres with a diameter of about 1.8 μm. The shell thickness of LNCA HNSs is about 300 nm. Compared with LNCA nanoparticles and LNCA microparticles, LNCA HNSs showed excellent stability, high capacity, and good rate performance as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. The LNCA HNSs exhibited a reversible capacity of 202.4 mA h g−1 at 0.1 C and good stability of 179.1 mA h g−1 at 1 C after 80 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the broken rotor bar (BRB) fault occurs in induction motors, the amplitude of stator fundamental current is modulated by fault components, forming the current envelope with a particular frequency, which can be considered as a powerful criterion for BRB detection. However, it is relatively difficult to extract especially at time‐varying loads due to the non‐stationary characteristics. Thus, a novel envelope extraction method (EEM) combining fast Fourier transform and sliding overlapping window is proposed and the overall performance is tested by simulation. The results show that the method is capable to effectively extract the current envelope, but the extraction accuracy is unsatisfied due to the spectrum leakage in the case of non‐integer periodic truncation. The technique of discrete spectrum correction is then introduced into EEM to improve its extraction accuracy, and then, an improved EEM (IEEM) is proposed and then tested by simulation. The results show that the IEEM is able to eliminate the impact of non‐integer periodic truncation, effectively and accurately extract the current envelope. Finally, the two methods are applied in BRB fault online detection of 1.1 and 2.2 kW induction motors at time‐varying loads. The corresponding experimental results demonstrate its validity and universality again. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent times, there has been notable and swift advancement in the field of image dehazing. Several deep learning techniques have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in resolving homogeneous dehazing issues. Nonetheless, the current dehazing approaches are generally formulated to deal with homogeneous haze, which is often undermined in real-world scenarios due to the uncertain haze dispersion. In this paper, we propose a dehazing model named RepDehazeNet by combining a structurally Reparameterization Encoder-Decoder subnet and a Full-Resolution Attention subnet. To be specific, the structural reparameterization idea is introduced into the encoder–decoder subnet to strengthen the feature extraction of dehazed images and improve the feature extraction speed. RepDehazeNet is compared with seven SOTA models on different datasets in terms of PSNR, SSIM, parameter quantity, and inference time. Compared to the DW-GAN model, the proposed RepDehazeNet model reduces the number of parameters by 2.7 million, and improves the inference speed by 90.3%, while achieving a higher PSNR of 0.5 dB on the NH-Haze2021 dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed RepDehazeNet model can effectively improve the real-time performance, accuracy of dehazing synthesized and nonhomogeneous haze images. [Display omitted] • Structural reparameterization dehazenet: outstanding performance, faster speed. • Replacing Tanh with ReLU leads to better results. • Transfer learning addresses the problem of insufficient samples. • Dual subnets method proves highly effective in datasets of different scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The patient had undergone radical resection of cholangiocarcinoma and cholangioenteric Roux-en-Y anastomosis 2 weeks previously (Fig. However, the occlusion of the manually created side-to-side anastomosis between the proximal jejunum and the jejunum at a distance of 40 cm from the cholangioenteric anastomosis is rare [2]. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showed an increased frequency of intestinal peristalsis, and the contrast agent could not pass through the jejunal side-to-side anastomosis. [Extracted from the article]

Summary: Inspired by the idea of multiple Lyapunov functions and the average dwell time, we address the stability analysis of nonautonomous continuous‐time switched systems. First, we investigate nonautonomous continuous‐time switched nonlinear systems and successively propose sufficient conditions for their (uniform) stability, global (uniform) asymptotic stability, and global (uniform) exponential stability, in which an indefinite scalar function is utilized to release the nonincreasing requirements of the classical multiple Lyapunov functions. Afterwards, by using multiple Lyapunov functions of quadratic form, we obtain the corresponding sufficient conditions for (uniform) stability, global (uniform) asymptotic stability, and global exponential stability of nonautonomous switched linear systems. Finally, we consider the computation issue of our current results for a special class of nonautonomous switched systems (ie, rational nonautonomous switched systems), associated with two illustrative examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The frequencies and amplitudes of the broken rotor bar (BRB) fault features are the basis for the accurate diagnosis of the BRB fault. However, how to accurately detect their frequency and amplitudes has always been a difficult problem for induction motor fault detection. For this problem, a new fault detection method based on an improved multiple signal classification (MUSIC) and least-squares magnitude estimation is proposed. First, since the fixed-step traversal search reduces the computational efficiency of MUSIC, a niche bare-bones particle swarm optimization (NBPSO) for multimodal peaks search is proposed to improve MUSIC, which is used to compute the frequency values of fault-related and fundamental components in stator current signal. Second, using these frequency values, a fault current signal model is established to convert the magnitude estimation problem into a linear least-squares problem. On this basis, the amplitudes and phases of fault-related and fundamental components could be estimated accurately with the singular value decomposition (SVD). A simulation signal is used to test the new method and the results show that the proposed method not only has higher frequency resolution, but also improves estimation accuracy of parameters greatly even with short data window. Finally, experiments for a real induction motor are performed, and the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are proved again. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Complete reporting is essential for clinical research. However, the endorsement of reporting guidelines in radiological journals is still unclear. Further, as a field extensively utilizing artificial intelligence (AI), the adoption of both general and AI reporting guidelines would be necessary for enhancing quality and transparency of radiological research. This study aims to investigate the endorsement of general reporting guidelines and those for AI applications in medical imaging in radiological journals, and explore associated journal characteristic variables. Methods: This meta-research study screened journals from the Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging category, Science Citation Index Expanded of the 2022 Journal Citation Reports, and excluded journals not publishing original research, in non-English languages, and instructions for authors unavailable. The endorsement of fifteen general reporting guidelines and ten AI reporting guidelines was rated using a five-level tool: "active strong", "active weak", "passive moderate", "passive weak", and "none". The association between endorsement and journal characteristic variables was evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Results: We included 117 journals. The top-five endorsed reporting guidelines were CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials, 58.1%, 68/117), PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, 54.7%, 64/117), STROBE (STrengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology, 51.3%, 60/117), STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy, 50.4%, 59/117), and ARRIVE (Animal Research Reporting of In Vivo Experiments, 35.9%, 42/117). The most implemented AI reporting guideline was CLAIM (Checklist for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging, 1.7%, 2/117), while other nine AI reporting guidelines were not mentioned. The Journal Impact Factor quartile and publisher were associated with endorsement of reporting guidelines in radiological journals. Conclusions: The general reporting guideline endorsement was suboptimal in radiological journals. The implementation of reporting guidelines for AI applications in medical imaging was extremely low. Their adoption should be strengthened to facilitate quality and transparency of radiological study reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate sufficient and necessary conditions of uniform local exponential stability (ULES) for the discrete-time nonlinear switched system (DTNSS). We start with the definition of T-step common Lyapunov functions (CLFs), which is a relaxation of traditional CLFs. Then, for a time-varying DTNSS, by constructing such a T-step CLF, a necessary and sufficient condition for its ULES is provided. Afterwards, we strengthen it based on a T-step Lipschitz continuous CLF. Especially, when the system is time-invariant, by the smooth approximation theorem, the Lipschitz continuity condition of T-step CLFs can further be replaced by continuous differentiability; and when the system is time-invariant and homogeneous, due to the extension of Weierstrass approximation theorem, T-step continuously differentiable CLFs can even be strengthened to be T-step polynomial CLFs. Furthermore, three illustrative examples are additionally used to explain our main contribution. In the end, an equivalence between time-varying DTNSSs and their corresponding linearisations is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genome instability is a potential limitation to the research and therapeutic application of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Observed genomic variations reflect the combined activities of DNA damage, cellular DNA damage response (DDR), and selection pressure in culture. To understand the contribution of DDR on the distribution of copy number variations (CNVs) in iPSCs, we mapped CNVs of iPSCs with mutations in the central DDR gene ATM onto genome organization landscapes defined by genome-wide replication timing profiles. We show that following reprogramming the early and late replicating genome is differentially affected by CNVs in ATM-deficient iPSCs relative to wild-type iPSCs. Specifically, the early replicating regions had increased CNV losses during retroviral (RV) reprogramming. This differential CNV distribution was not present after later passage or after episomal reprogramming. Comparison of different reprogramming methods in the setting of defective DDR reveals unique vulnerability of early replicating open chromatin to RV vectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimental tests are conducted in this study to determine the temperature distribution in a dry gas seal by establishing a temperature field test system and choosing sensors that are stable for extreme operating conditions. The temperatures of a narrow gap-occurring gas film with seal rings under different rotating speeds and pressures are measured, and a theoretical method is developed to compare the temperature data. A theoretical procedure based on the compressible Reynolds equation and energy equation considering thermal dissipation is used to explore the temperature distribution in the gas film. The results obtained from the experimental data and thorough theoretical calculations are consistent. The temperature distribution in the gas film face shows the following order: root radius temperature > inner radius > outer radius. Increases in temperature are attributed to thermal dissipation caused by a significant pressure drop in the root radius region. A seal isothermal model is compared with the thermal model and values of the sealing opening force and leakage flow in the thermal model are greater than the values in the isothermal model. Thus, the results of this research reveal that the proposed theoretical calculation method can be applied to analyze dry gas seal temperatures and that thermal dissipation is a significant factor that may be used to optimize groove designs in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human pluripotent stem (hPS) cells are a potential source of cells for medical therapy and an ideal system to study fate decisions in early development. However, hPS cells cultured in vitro exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity, presenting an obstacle to clinical translation. hPS cells grow in spatially patterned colony structures, necessitating quantitative single-cell image analysis. We offer a tool for analyzing the spatial population context of hPS cells that integrates automated fluorescent microscopy with an analysis pipeline. It enables high-throughput detection of colonies at low resolution, with single-cellular and sub-cellular analysis at high resolutions, generating seamless in situ maps of single-cellular data organized by colony. We demonstrate the tool's utility by analyzing inter- and intra-colony heterogeneity of hPS cell cycle regulation and pluripotency marker expression. We measured the heterogeneity within individual colonies by analyzing cell cycle as a function of distance. Cells loosely associated with the outside of the colony are more likely to be in G1, reflecting a less pluripotent state, while cells within the first pluripotent layer are more likely to be in G2, possibly reflecting a G2/M block. Our multi-scale analysis tool groups colony regions into density classes, and cells belonging to those classes have distinct distributions of pluripotency markers and respond differently to DNA damage induction. Lastly, we demonstrate that our pipeline can robustly handle high-content, high-resolution single molecular mRNA FISH data by using novel image processing techniques. Overall, the imaging informatics pipeline presented offers a novel approach to the analysis of hPS cells that includes not only single cell features but also colony wide, and more generally, multi-scale spatial configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, air pollution is amongst the most significant causes of premature death. Nevertheless, studies on the relationship between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and blood lipids have typically not been population-based. In a large, community-based sample of residents in Yixing city, we assessed the relationship between short-term outdoor PM2.5 exposure and blood lipid concentrations. Participants who attended the physical examination were enrolled from Yixing People's hospital from 2015 to 2020. We collected general characteristics of participants, including gender and age, as well as test results of indicators of blood lipids. Data on daily meteorological factors were collected from the National Meteorological Data Sharing Center (http://data.cma.cn/) and air pollutant concentrations were collected from the China Air Quality Online Monitoring and Analysis Platform (https://www.aqistudy.cn/) during this period. We applied generalized additive models to estimate short-term effects of ambient PM2.5 exposure on each measured blood lipid-related indicators and converted these indicators into dichotomous variables (non- hyperlipidemia and hyperlipidemia) to calculate risks of hyperlipidemia associated with PM2.5 exposure. A total of 197,957 participants were included in the analysis with mean age 47.90 years (± SD, 14.28). The increase in PM2.5 was significantly associated with hyperlipidemia (odds ratio (OR) 1.003, 95% CI 1.001–1.004), and it was still significant in subgroups of males and age < 60 years. For every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, triglyceride levels decreased by 0.5447% (95% CI − 0.7873, − 0.3015), the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration increased by 0.0127 mmol/L (95% CI 0.0099, 0.0156), the total cholesterol concentration increased by 0.0095 mmol/L (95% CI 0.0053, 0.0136), and no significant association was observed between PM2.5 and the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration. After excluding people with abnormal blood lipid concentrations, the associations remained significant except for the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration. PM2.5 was positively correlated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol, and negatively correlated with triglyceride, indicating PM2.5 can potentially affect health through blood lipid levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: For many aquatic animals, temperature is an important environmental factor that influences how they develop, reproduce, behave, and survive. For both economic and ecological reasons, the Qingtian paddy field carp (Cyprinus carpio var qingtianensis) is an important species of fish in China. It is an important aquaculture fish suitable for rice–fish coculture systems. In the current study, we utilized metabolomics to investigate the impact of differential metabolites and metabolic pathways in Qingtian paddy field carp liver tissue under thermal stress. Our findings clarify the molecular regulatory mechanism of PF carp adaptation to thermal stress at the metabolic level and offer novel hypotheses for the biological regulation of many other fish species that generate thermal stress. Extreme fluctuations in water temperature lead to significant economic losses for the aquaculture industry. Cyprinus carpio var qingtianensis (locally called Qingtian paddy field carp), is a local variety commonly found in Zhejiang province, China. Unlike traditional aquaculture environments, the water temperature range between day and night in the rice field environment is much larger, and the high temperature in summer may exceed the growth threshold of fish because there is no manual intervention; therefore, the study of how the Qingtian paddy field carp (PF carp) adapts to high-temperature conditions can shed light how the species adapt to the rice field environment. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of this fish under thermal stress, the liver metabolomics of Qiangtian paddy field carp (PF carp) were analyzed. In this study, metabolomics was used to examine the metabolic reaction of PF carp (102 days old, 104.69 ± 3.08 g in weight, 14.65 ± 0.46 cm in length) at water temperatures of 28 °C (control group, CG), 34 °C (experimental group (EG) 34), and 38 °C (EG38). The results show that 175 expression profile metabolites (DEMs), including 115 upregulated and 60 downregulated metabolites, were found in the CG vs. EG34. A total of 354 DEMs were inspected in CG vs. EG38, with 85 metabolites downregulated and 269 metabolites upregulated. According to the pathway enrichment study, various pathways were altered by thermal stress, including those of lipid, amino-acid, and carbohydrate metabolism. Our study presents a potential metabolic profile for PF carp under thermal stress. It also demonstrates how the host responds to thermal stress on a metabolic and molecular level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Tm3+–Yb3+ co-doped titania–zirconia composites were synthesized by co-precipitation method with aqueous ammonia as precipitator. Time evolution of upconverted emission of thulium in ZT0.4–Tm0.01Yb0.04 (40%ZrO2–60%TiO2–1%Tm3+–4%Yb3+) demonstrated ZT0.4 to be a promising matrix in the field of upconversion luminescence. Raman spectrum shows low phonon energy (800cm−1) of ZT0.4 ensuring a fluent phonon transition process. The luminescent properties were investigated by photoluminescence spectra. Strong blue and red upconversion emissions could be observed which were attributed to 1G4–3H6, 3F2–3H6, 1G4–3F4 transitions, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: High dielectric CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramics have been successfully prepared by a novel basic co-precipitation (BCP) method. Compared with the conventional solid-state and/or soft chemistry methods, the BCP method has many advantages such as relatively lower sintering temperature, shorter sintering time and lower costs. The XRD patterns confirm the formation of CCTO crystal phase in the as-prepared samples. Influences of initial ingredients and sintering condition on phase composition, microstructure and dielectric property have been investigated through series of trials. The correlation between the process of the grain growth and dielectric properties of final products has been explored. The final products exhibit the dielectric constants higher than 10,000 and the dielectric losses lower than 0.15 at 1KHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a fractional-order hyperchaotic system evolved from Liu system is proposed. Based on the theory of fractional calculus, a novel circuit diagram is designed for hardware implementation of the fractional-order hyperchaotic Liu system. Furthermore, implementation results reveal that hyperchaos can be generated in the hyperchaotic Liu system with the system order as low as 3.6 and numerical analysis results demonstrate that the lowest order of the fractional-order Liu system is 0.4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Let be a digraph. The competition graph of , is the graph with vertex set and edge set . The double competition graph of , is the graph with vertex set and edge set . A poset of dimension at most two is a digraph whose vertices are some points in the Euclidean plane and there is an arc going from a vertex to a vertex if and only if and . We show that a graph is the competition graph of a poset of dimension at most two if and only if it is an interval graph, at least half of whose maximal cliques are isolated vertices. This answers an open question on the doubly partial order competition number posed by Cho and Kim. We prove that the double competition graph of a poset of dimension at most two must be a trapezoid graph, generalizing a result of Kim, Kim, and Rho. Some connections are also established between the minimum numbers of isolated vertices required to be added to change a given graph into the competition graph, the double competition graph, of a poset and the minimum sizes of certain intersection representations of that graph. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Let be any set of points in the Euclidean plane . For any , put and . Let be the graph with vertex set and edge set . We prove that the graph with and and the graph obtained from by removing the edge are both minimal forbidden subgraphs for the class of graphs of the form . [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Pericentric heterochromatin transcription has been implicated in Schizosaccharomyces pombe heterochromatin assembly and maintenance. However, in mammalian systems, evidence for such transcription is inconsistent. We identify two populations of RNA polymerase II-dependent mouse γ, satellite repeat sequence-derived transcripts from pericentric heterochromatin that accumulate at different times during the cell cycle. A small RNA species was synthesized exclusively during mitosis and rapidly eliminated during mitotic exit. A more abundant population of large, heterogeneous transcripts was induced late in G1 phase and their synthesis decreased during mid S phase, which is coincident with pericentric heterochromatin replication. In cells that lack the Suv39h1,2 methyltransferases responsible for H3K9 trimethylation, transcription occurs from more sites but is still cell cycle regulated. Transcription is not detected in quiescent cells and induction during G1 phase is sensitive to serum deprivation or the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor roscovatine. We demonstrate that mammalian pericentric heterochromatin transcription is linked to cellular proliferation. Our data also provide an explanation for inconsistencies in the detection of such transcripts in different systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a hybrid model that considers both accuracy and efficiency is proposed to predict photovoltaic (PV) power generation. To achieve this, improved forward feature selection is applied to obtain the optimal feature set, which aims to remove redundant information and obtain related features, resulting in a significant improvement in forecasting accuracy and efficiency. The prediction error is irregularly distributed. Thus, a bias compensation–long short-term memory (BC–LSTM) network is proposed to minimize the prediction error. The experimental results show that the new feature selection method can improve the prediction accuracy by 0.6% and the calculation efficiency by 20% compared to using feature importance identification based on LightGBM. The BC–LSTM network can improve accuracy by 0.3% using about twice the time compared with the LSTM network, and the hybrid model can further improve prediction accuracy and efficiency based on the BC–LSTM network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An ultra‐low‐power tunable bump circuit is presented. It incorporates a novel wide‐input‐range tunable pseudo‐differential transconductor linearised using the drain resistances of saturated transistors. Measurement results show that the transconductor has a 5 V differential input range with <20% of linearity error. The bump circuit demonstrates tunability of the centre, width and height, consuming 18.9 nW power from a 3 V supply, occupying 988 μm2 in a 0.13 μm CMOS process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) has attracted attention for failure diagnosis of turbofan engines, but its application for time-sensitive scenarios is inherently limited by its lack of sparseness. The original KELM constructs the hidden layer using all the training samples; thus, the real-time performance may be seriously degraded for large datasets. To address this limitation, a novel iterative picking scheme for improving the sparseness of KELM is proposed in this study. It has two noteworthy features, a compact structure and a sparse solution, which gives better real-time performance. The proposed scheme improves the sparseness of the KELM algorithm by two alternating components, an insertion strategy to expand the network and an elimination strategy to reduce the scale of the network. Validation on regression and classification benchmark datasets demonstrates that the proposed algorithm can produce a sparse network structure with fewer hidden nodes without sacrificing the model's accuracy. Finally, simulations of failure diagnosis of a turbofan engine show that the proposed algorithm can perform at an accuracy comparable to that of KELM with a much faster testing speed, which is crucial in real-time and onboard applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To appraise the quality of guidelines on intravenous iodinated contrast media (ICM) use in patients with kidney disease, and to compare the recommendations among them. Methods: We searched four literature databases, eight guideline libraries, and ten homepages of radiological societies to identify English and Chinese guidelines on intravenous ICM use in patients with kidney disease published between January 2018 and June 2023. The quality of the guidelines was assessed with the Scientific, Transparent, and Applicable Rankings (STAR) tool. Results: Ten guidelines were included, with a median STAR score of 46.0 (range 28.5–61.5). The guidelines performed well in "Recommendations" domain (31/40, 78%), while poor in "Registry" (0/20, 0%) and "Protocol" domains (0/20, 0%). Nine guidelines recommended estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 as the cutoff for referring patients to discuss the risk-benefit balance of ICM administration. Three guidelines further suggested that patients with an eGFR < 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 and high-risk factors also need referring. Variable recommendations were seen in the acceptable time interval between renal function test and ICM administration, and that between scan and repeated scan. Nine guidelines recommended to use iso-osmolar or low-osmolar ICM, while no consensus has been reached for the dosing of ICM. Nine guidelines supported hydration after ICM use, but their protocols varied. Drugs or blood purification therapy were not recommended as preventative means. Conclusion: Guidelines on intravenous ICM use in patients with kidney disease have heterogeneous quality. The scientific societies may consider joint statements on controversial recommendations for variable timing and protocols. Critical relevance statement: The heterogeneous quality of guidelines, and their controversial recommendations, leave gaps in workflow timing, dosing, and post-administration hydration protocols of contrast-enhanced CT scans for patients with kidney diseases, calling for more evidence to establish a safer and more practicable workflow. Key points: • Guidelines concerning iodinated contrast media use in kidney disease patients vary. • Controversy remains in workflow timing, contrast dosing, and post-administration hydration protocols. • Investigations are encouraged to establish a safer iodinated contrast media use workflow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Qingtian paddy field carp (PF-carp) is one of the core elements of the first Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS), Qingtian rice-fish coculture system, and might be the unique and most successful fish species domesticated under shallow rice paddy condition. It shows well adaptation to shallow water and high temperature in rice paddies. In order to reveal the mechanism of this kind of adaptation, we performed transcriptome sequencing and analyzed related enzyme activity indices in the gill tissues of PF-carp at different temperatures (28, 34 and 38 °C). A total of 2831 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by transcriptome sequencing analysis, and KEGG analysis revealed activation and involvement of DEGs in different pathways, including protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, apoptosis and NF-κB signaling pathway. Among these pathways, key signaling factors such as HSP70, HSP90, gp78, Caspase 3, BAX, and IL-8 exhibited varying expression trends. Enzyme activity indicators showed no significant difference in CAT, GSH-Px and MDA at 34 °C and 38 °C within group. Our findings suggest that PF-carp primarily adapts to high temperature environment in rice paddies through the activation of protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum to prevents protein misfolding and NF-κB signaling pathway activated by IL-8 and HIF-1β to enhance organism immunity, and the organism does not experience hypoxia and apoptosis when it is in high temperature environment. This study offers valuable insights into the adaptation mechanisms of this species to high temperature environments in rice paddies. • First report on the molecular mechanism of heat adaptation in domesticated fish. • Similarity and specificity in response to heat compared to others are discussed. • Its organism not experience hypoxia and apoptosis when it is in high temperature. • NF-κB signaling pathway activated by IL-8 and HIF-1β to enhance organism immunity. • Protein processing in ER play key roles in adaptation to high temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Losing an only child (Shidu) is a grievous traumatic event that may affect brain structure, even if it does not lead to psychiatric disorders. However, longitudinal changes in brain structure and their relationship to subclinical psychiatric symptoms (SPS) have not been well investigated in Shidu parents without any psychiatric disorders (SDNP). This study aimed to investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal changes in cortical thickness and surface area in SDNP, and to explore their relationship with SPS. A total of 50 SDNP and 40 matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. All participants underwent structural MRI scans and clinical assessment at baseline and at the 5-year follow-up. Differences in brain structural phenotypes (cortical thickness, surface area, and their annual rate of change) between the SDNP and HC groups were compared using FreeSurfer. Correlations between significant brain structural phenotypes and SPS in the SDNP group were evaluated using multiple linear regressions. The SDNP group showed a smaller surface area in the left inferior parietal cortex than the HC group at baseline and follow-up. The SDNP group showed slower rates of cortical thinning and surface area loss in several brain regions than the HC group from baseline to follow-up. Moreover, slower rates of cortical thinning in the left insula, superior frontal cortex, and superior temporal cortex were associated with greater reductions in avoidance, depression, and trauma re-experiencing symptoms scores over time in the SDNP group, respectively. Shidu trauma-induced structural abnormalities in the inferior parietal cortex may persist over time and be independent of the severity of psychiatric symptoms. The expansion of prefrontal, temporal, and insular cortex implicated in emotional regulation may contribute to improvements in psychiatric symptoms in Shidu parents. This study focused on longitudinal changes in cortical thickness and surface area and their relationship with subclinical psychiatric symptoms in Shidu parents without any psychiatric disorders. Shidu trauma-induced structural abnormalities in the inferior parietal cortex may persist over time and be independent of the severity of psychiatric symptoms. The expansion of prefrontal, temporal, and insular cortex implicated in emotional regulation may contribute to improvements in psychiatric symptoms in Shidu parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]