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In this paper, the in‐plane shear deformation of unbalanced 3D interlock woven reinforcement (IWR) was investigated through experiments and finite element modeling. Five specimens with five layers warp (six layers weft) were designed and prepared. The warp is 792 tex carbon tows and weft is 396 tex carbon tows. This kind of reinforcement is unbalanced because that the linear density of warp is different from that of weft. The in‐plane shear deformation of unbalanced 3D IWR was tested by bias extension test. The bias extension process was simulated by finite element method from macro and meso scales. The results of simulation are basically consistent with experiments. The bias extension process can be divided into three stages: Meso scale deformation stage, multiscale deformation stage and Reinforcement failure stage. At meso scale deformation stage, the tensile load and shear angle are small when the displacement is less than 7.5 mm. There is no obvious change in the macro scale, while the weft slipping in the meso scale mainly occurs in area B. The deformation of B1 and B2 are asymmetric because the linear density of warp is different from that of weft. In the multiscale deformation stage, asymmetric deformation at the macro scale begins to appear when the displacement is between 7.5 mm and 20 mm. There is obvious in‐plane shear deformation in area C at the meso scale. In the reinforcement failure stage, A large number of weft yarns are pulled out from the reinforcement in area B. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple method to prepare pH responsive Poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) composite membrane was provided by blending with Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) hydrolysed. To introduce reactive groups for weak polyelectrolye, PVC/PAN/SiO2 composite hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) was prepared by a hydrolysis of polyacrylonitrile in different concentration alkaline solution. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron micrograph (SEM) were used to characterize the chemical and morphological changes of the composite membranes. The pH responsive of the obtained composite membrane performance was discussed by the water flux, reversible permeability experiments and diffusional permeability experiments. The results revealed that the obtained membranes with hydrolysis reaction showed evident pH sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to analyze the effect of curtain cloth moisture content on the deposition performance of fine particles in air, the deposition loss rate of particles with different particle sizes under different moisture content of curtain samples were obtained by the test in a specific designed closed chamber. The experimental results show that the particle deposition loss rate curves are V-shaped with the increase of particle size, and the deposition loss rate of particles decrease with the increase of moisture content. Under the same moisture content, the deposition loss rate of particles with different particle sizes on the surface of hemp samples are greater than those of polyester samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-ply woven fabric consists of many layers and can be used to form three-dimensional shapes, which finds its application in a variety of end-uses. One of the advantages is that this type of products requires no seams or cuts. This paper presents a novel method to facilitate the design of 3D rectangular box-shaped fabrics made of multi-ply weaves. A preliminary folding-down process is a must for fabric manufacture and two folding approaches were developed accordingly. Approach A has been found to be more suitable for boxes with X ≥ 2Z. The elimination of quadruple-layer fabric region simplifies the design and weaving process. In this regard, plain weave was used sections form box body and basket weave was employed for bound-layer regions so that fabric recoiling could be avoided. The diagonal lines connecting the bound-layer and double-layer regions is required to have an angle of 45°, and hence a Jaquard loom was in use for manufacturing. As the fabric is formed by different parts, thread density varies, leading to uneven yarn tension. This problem can be solved using additional warp beams. Approach B requires the two side planes to be folded in, the design process of which is similar to that of approach A. Theoretically, boxes with multiple cells could also be designed using this technique. Approach A has been found to be able to deal with boxes of various geometrical parameters. One problem of the 3D fabric is the soft edges, which requires further investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies confirming a possible relationship of polymyositis within thyroid dysfunction, either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, are hardly available. To define the association, identify clinical, laboratory, electromyographic, and pathologic features in polymyositis (PM) patients with hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, we conducted a MEDLINE and Chinese biomedicine database search to identify relevant literature published in the past 25 years. Seventeen cases were included. All patients were female (10 hypothyroidism patients, seven hyperthyroidism patients). The mean (SD) age of PM, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism at diagnosis was 54.8 (16.7), 55.5 (16.5), and 32.7 years (10.2), respectively. PM diagnosis can precede or parallel hypothyroidism while PM may occur following the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. The most common comorbidities were malignant tumors in these disorders, including thymoma, colon cancer, and thyroid cancer. Muscle weakness was described in 100% of patients. Other common manifestations included muscles' atrophy and pain, deep tendon reflexes, polyarthralgia, and dysphagia. Most patients had markedly elevated creatine kinase and the presence of anti-Sjogren's syndrome A (SSA) antibodies was also found in two cases. Malignancy associated with PM may more frequently occur in hypothyroidism than in hyperthyroidism. The abnormalities on electromyography and biopsy did not differ from those findings of PM. Therapy consisting of corticosteroids, thyroid hormone, or anti-thyroid drugs was administrated; however, poor prognosis seemed to be associated with malignant tumors as well as older age and the presence of anti-SSA antibodies. It is reasonable to suggest that those patients should be routinely evaluated for thyroid function, especially in older female and patients suffering from cancers.