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To develop the Chinese version of Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) and examine its psychometric properties, we investigated a sample of 689 non-clinical and 309 clinical participants and found this measurement had good acceptability, internal reliability, test-retest reliability and convergent validity; it had moderate correlations with the Schwartz Outcome Scale and Symptom Check List-90, which showed an acceptable concurrent validity. Specifically, we explored the cut-off line of clinical criterion and found a g factor plus three-factor solution better than original four-domain model in Chinese context. The CORE-OM is a valid tool with referenced cut-offs to measure clinical outcomes, which can bridge the gap in routine clinical evaluation in China.

Introduction: Long‐term spaceflight composite stress (LSCS) can cause adverse effects on human systems, including the central nervous system, which could trigger anxiety and depression. Aims: This study aimed to identify changes in hippocampus synaptic plasticity under LSCS. Methods: The present study simulated the real long‐term space station environment by conducting a 42‐day experiment that involved simulating microgravity, isolation, noise, circadian rhythm disruptions, and low pressure. The mood and behavior of the rats were assessed by behavior test. Transmission electron microscopy and patch‐clamp were used to detect the changes in synapse morphology and electrophysiology, and finally, the expression of NMDA receptor channel proteins was detected by western blotting. Results: The results showed that significant weight loss, anxiety, and depressive behaviors in rats were observed after being exposed to LSCS environment for 42 days. The synaptic structure was severely damaged, manifested as an obvious decrease in postsynaptic density thickness and synaptic interface curvature (p < 0.05; p < 0.05, respectively). Meanwhile, LTP was significantly impaired (p < 0.0001), and currents in the NMDAR channel were also significantly reduced (p < 0.0001). Further analysis found that LSCS decreased the expression of two key subtype proteins on this channel. Conclusion: These results suggested that LSCS‐induced depressive behaviors by impairing synaptic plasticity in rat hippocampus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new 3D coordination polymer, [Co2(MIP)2(BMIP)]n (1), [H2MIP = 5-methyl-isophthalic acid, BMIP = 1,5-bis-(2-methyl-imidazol)pentane] has been synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The results of structural analyses show that 1 has a two-fold interpenetrated 3D network with a pcu topology. In addition, the luminescent, electrochemical properties and degradation of MB and MO of the complex were studied. The photocatalytic mechanism was proposed and confirmed by trapping experiments of radical species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is critical to investigate the adaptive development and the physiological mechanism of fish in external stimulation. In this study, the response of Barbus capito to salinity–alkalinity exposure was explored by high‐throughput nontargeted and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry‐based metabolomics to investigate metabolic biomarker and pathway changes. Meanwhile, the biochemical indexes of Barbus capito were measured to discover the chronic impairment response to salinity–alkalinity exposures. A total of 29 tissue metabolites were determined to deciphering the endogenous metabolic changes of fishes during the different concentration salinity–alkalinity exposures environment, which were mainly involved in the key metabolism including the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, citrate cycle, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Finally, we found the amino acid metabolism as key target was associated with the endogenous metabolites and metabolic pathways of Barbus capito to salinity–alkalinity exposures. In conclusion, metabolomics is a potentially powerful tool to reveal the mechanism information of fish in various exposure environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anhedonia and amotivation, the hallmarks of negative symptoms in schizophrenia, are believed to be due to "emotion–behavior decoupling," a failure in translating pleasure experience into appropriate goal‐directed behavior. A number of studies have reported that long‐term institutionalized schizophrenia patients suffer from more severe negative symptoms than community‐dwelling patients, but few studies have investigated pleasure experience and motivational behavior in schizophrenia patients who have experienced long‐term institutionalization. In this study, we recruited 26 long‐term institutionalized schizophrenia patients, 27 community‐dwelling schizophrenia patients, and 27 healthy controls. Participants were administered two specific computer‐based tasks to assess anhedonia and amotivation. The Anticipatory and Consummatory Pleasure (ACP) Task was used to measure emotion–behavior decoupling and the Effort‐Expenditure for Rewards Task (EEfRT) was used to measure amotivation related to rewards. Findings from the ACP Task showed that compared with healthy controls, the coupling between emotion experience and motivated behavior was significantly weaker in both clinical groups, suggesting that emotion–behavior decoupling could be a stable trait in schizophrenia patients. In the EEfRT, compared with both community‐dwelling patients and healthy controls, institutionalized patients with schizophrenia failed to expend more effort to gain potential rewards even when reward probability increased. These findings further reveal the underlying mechanism of anhedonia and amotivation and their potential relationships with long‐term institutionalization in patients with schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective · To explore the relationship between serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) level and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia. Methods · A total of 239 patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine alone for more than 2 years were enrolled. Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) was used to evaluate the depression level of the patients, and they were divided into depression group and non-depression group. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate the mental symptoms of patients. Serum IL-6 levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the differences between the two groups were compared. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between serum IL-6 level and CDSS score. Results · According to the results of CDSS, the patients were divided into depression group (119 cases) and non-depression group (120 cases). Compared with the non-depression group, the PANSS negative symptom subscale score and serum IL-6 level of patients in the depression group were higher (P=0.028, P=0.000). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum IL-6 level was positively correlated with CDSS score in the depression group patients (r=0.42, P=0.000). Conclusion · The increase of serum IL-6 level may be related to the occurrence of schizophrenia with depression symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The polysaccharides in two marine shellfishes were extracted from Perna viridis Linnaeus and Ostrea gigas Thunberg and the biological activity was also evaluated to provide scientific references for the development and utilization of these two kinds of shellfish polysaccharide. [Method] Perna viridis polysaccharides and oyster polysaccharides were extracted by enzymolysis, and the total sugar content in the polysaccharides was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid colorimetry method. Their antibacterial activities were tested by paper diffusion method, and their anti-oxidation activities were evaluated by hydroxy free radical scavenging effect, and their PRRSV inhibition activities were screened by MTT method. [Result] The results showed that the extraction yields of polysaccharides in Perna viridis Linnaeus and Ostrea gigas Thunberg were 0.21% and 0.14%, respectively, and the total sugar content in these two polysaccharides was 90.2% and 90.1%, respectively. In the bio-assays, these two polysaccharides showed moderate anti-oxidation activity, and the anti-oxidation activity was enhanced with increased polysaccharide concentration. They didn't exhibit significant inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and had no blocking, inhibition or direct killing effect on PRRSV. [Conclusion] Perna viridis polysaccharides and oyster polysaccharides all have certain anti-oxidant activity, but don't display significant antibacterial activity and anti PRRSV activity in vitro. They could be further studied as antioxidant resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the clinical value of one-step visualization loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP)in the detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae(Mp). Methods One-step visualized LAMP,polymerase chain reaction(PCR),and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)were used to simultaneously detect 108 clinical Mp specimens in children,which included 73 cases of Mp infection diagnosed by PCR and 35 cases of other chronic/acute respiratory tract infections.On the first day of admission,one-step visualization LAMP,PCR(fluorimetric method),and ELISA were used to test the throat swab and serum sample obtained from the same patient,and the Kappa value was calculated.The consistence between LAMP and PCR and that between LAMP and ELISA were compared.On the fifth day of admission,40 patients were resampled and the findings of these three tests on the first day and on the fifth day were compared. Results One-step visualization LAMP had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 94.3%,whereas ELISA had a sensitivity of 65.8% and a specificity of 82.9%.The ratio of Kappa camparing one-step visualization LAMP and PCR was 0.956 and the ratio of Kappa camparing one-step visualization LAMP and ELISA was 0.38.The number of positive specimens detected by LAMP was higher than that by ELISA on the first day. Conclusions One-step visualization LAMP has excellent sensitivity and specificity in detecting early acute Mp infection.It has high consistency with PCR and can be applied to detect Mp.

Some features of Pseudomonas putida NA-1 strain in cultivation and enzyme production were different from S. marcescens IFO 12648 and P. fluorescens TN5 stains which could transform nicotinic acid to 6-hydroxynicotinic acid reported by other scientists, such as optimal carbon and its optimal concentration, optimal inducer concentration, and optimal cultivation temperature. The ideal transformation condition was nicotinic acid 3%, temperature 35 degrees C and pH 7.0. Under an appropriate condition, in a 4 liter fermenter, production yield of 6-hydroxynicotinic acid by Pseudomonas putida NA-1 was 108.39 g/L.

Strain screening was conducted on a large scale in order to develop a biotransforming process for 6-hydroxynicotinic acid production. A strain named as NA-1 was isolated from soil which could transform nicotinic acid into a new product showed by HPLC. The new product was identified as 6-hydroxynicotinic acid by MS and 1H-NMR. The morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics of strain NA-1 were studied and showed that characteristics of strain NA-1 were essentially consistent with Pseudomonas putida. The analysis of 16S rDNA sequence from strain NA-1 suggested that strain NA-1 was clustered together with P. putida in phylogenetic tree and the sequence identity between stain NA-1 and Pseudomonas putida was 99%. So strain NA-1 was identified to P. putida.