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A metal-filled photonic crystal fiber (PCF) polarization filter based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed and designed. The structure of the cross-section of a PCF is composed of a hexagonal lattice of air holes, in which an air hole is selectively filled with metal. We realize the polarization filter at the communication wavelengths of 1.31 and 1.55  $\mu$ m with optimized structural parameters. The losses of the X polarization mode are 25126.44 and 22444.54 dB/m, while the losses of the Y polarization mode are about 1375.81 and 358.62 dB/m at the resonance wavelengths 1.31 and 1.55  $\mu$ m, respectively. Therefore, the two light polarizations can be clearly separated. When the fiber length is 600  $\mu$ m, cross-talk is over 20 dB at the communication wavelengths, while the achieved bandwidth is 160 and 200 nm at 1.31 and 1.55  $\mu$ m, respectively. Furthermore, the distance between the resonance peaks of the two polarizations can reach 267 nm at 1.55  $\mu$ m, achieving a significantly higher value than previously reported. These results are of great significance for the development of a polarization filter applicable in targeted communication bands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A polarization beam splitter is an important component of modern optical system, especially a splitter that combines the structural flexibility of photonic crystal fiber and the optical modulation of functional material. Thus, this paper presents a compact dual-core photonic crystal fiber polarization beam splitter based on thin layer As2S3. The mature finite element method was utilized to simulate the performance of the proposed splitter. Numerical simulation results indicated that at 1.55 μm, when the fiber device length was 1.0 mm, the x- and y-polarized lights could be split out, the extinction ratio could reach −83.6 dB, of which the bandwidth for extinction ratio better than −20 dB was 280 nm. It also had a low insertion loss of 0.18 dB for the x-polarized light. In addition, it can be completely fabricated using existing processes. The proposed compact polarization beam splitter is a promising candidate that can be used in various optical fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A plasmonic sensor based on a dual-side polished photonic crystal fiber operating in a telecommunication wavelength range is proposed and investigated numerically by the finite element method (FEM). We study the effects of structural parameters on the sensor's performance and analyze their tuning effects on loss spectra. As a result, two configurations are found when the analyte refractive index (RI) changes from 1.395 to 1.415. For configuration 1, an RI resolution of 9.39 × 10−6, an average wavelength sensitivity of 10,650 nm/RIU (the maximum wavelength sensitivity is 12,400 nm/RIU), an amplitude sensitivity of 252 RIU−1 and a linearity of 0.99692 are achieved. For configuration 2, the RI resolution, average wavelength sensitivity, amplitude sensitivity and linearity are 1.19 × 10−5, 8400 nm/RIU, 85 RIU−1 and 0.98246, respectively. The combination of both configurations can broaden the wavelength range for the sensing detection. Additionally, the sensor has a superior figure of merit (FOM) to a single-side polished design. The proposed sensor has a maximum wavelength sensitivity, amplitude sensitivity and RI resolution of the same order magnitude as that of existing sensors as well as higher linearity, which allows it to fulfill the requirements for modern sensing of being densely compact, amenable to integration, affordable and capable of remote sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A polarization beam splitter is an important component of modern optical system, especially a splitter that combines the structural flexibility of photonic crystal fiber and the optical modulation of functional material. Thus, this paper presents a compact dual-core photonic crystal fiber polarization beam splitter based on thin layer As 2 S 3 . The mature finite element method was utilized to simulate the performance of the proposed splitter. Numerical simulation results indicated that at 1.55 μm, when the fiber device length was 1.0 mm, the x- and y-polarized lights could be split out, the extinction ratio could reach -83.6 dB, of which the bandwidth for extinction ratio better than -20 dB was 280 nm. It also had a low insertion loss of 0.18 dB for the x-polarized light. In addition, it can be completely fabricated using existing processes. The proposed compact polarization beam splitter is a promising candidate that can be used in various optical fields.

：A plasmonic sensor based on a dual-side polished photonic crystal fiber operating in a telecommunication wavelength range is proposed and investigated numerically by the finite element method (FEM). We study the effects of structural parameters on the sensor's performance and analyze their tuning effects on loss spectra. As a result, two configurations are found when the analyte refractive index (RI) changes from 1.395 to 1.415. For configuration 1, an RI resolution of 9.39 × 10 -6 , an average wavelength sensitivity of 10,650 nm/RIU (the maximum wavelength sensitivity is 12,400 nm/RIU), an amplitude sensitivity of 252 RIU -1 and a linearity of 0.99692 are achieved. For configuration 2, the RI resolution, average wavelength sensitivity, amplitude sensitivity and linearity are 1.19 × 10 -5 , 8400 nm/RIU, 85 RIU -1 and 0.98246, respectively. The combination of both configurations can broaden the wavelength range for the sensing detection. Additionally, the sensor has a superior figure of merit (FOM) to a single-side polished design. The proposed sensor has a maximum wavelength sensitivity, amplitude sensitivity and RI resolution of the same order magnitude as that of existing sensors as well as higher linearity, which allows it to fulfill the requirements for modern sensing of being densely compact, amenable to integration, affordable and capable of remote sensing., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.