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Magnesium (Mg) plays important roles in photosynthesis, sucrose partitioning, and biomass allocation in plants. However, the specific mechanisms of tea plant response to Mg deficiency remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of Mg deficiency on the quality constituents of tea leaves. Our results showed that the short-term (7 days) Mg deficiency partially elevated the concentrations of polyphenols, free amino acids, and caffeine but decreased the contents of chlorophyll and Mg. However, long-term (30 days) Mg-deficient tea displayed decreased contents of these constituents. Particularly, Mg deficiency increased the index of catechins' bitter taste and the ratio of total polyphenols to total free amino acids. Moreover, the transcription of key genes involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoid, caffeine, and theanine was differentially affected by Mg deficiency. Additionally, short-term Mg deficiency induced global transcriptome change in tea leaves, in which a total of 2522 differentially expressed genes were identified involved in secondary metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and chlorophyll metabolism. These results may help to elucidate why short-term Mg deficiency partially improves the quality constituents of tea, while long-term Mg-deficient tea may taste more bitter, more astringent, and less umami.

Background Newly graduated RNs leaving the nursing profession in the early stages of their career have enormous financial and time implications for nursing organizations and affect the quality of nursing care. Methods An electronic search was conducted for English articles to identify research studies published between 2011–2021 using the following database of PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Eligible publications were critically reviewed and scored using standardized critical appraisal instruments from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Results Twenty-one studies were analyzed. The main factors affecting newly graduated registered nurses’ intention to leave the nursing profession included demographic factors, supervisor and peer support, challenges in the workplace, cognitive and affective response to work, work environment, gender stereotypes, autonomous motivation, role models, and resilience. Conclusions The factors affecting newly graduated registered nurses’ intention to leave the nursing profession are multifaceted and should receive continuous attention from nurse managers. The results provide a baseline of data for nurse administrators to develop intervention strategies to mitigate newly graduated registered nurses’ turnover intention.

The hot corrosion behavior of the second generation nickel base single crystal superalloy DD421 coated with 90%(mass fraction) Na2SO4+10%NaCl (molten at 750 ℃) and pure Na2SO4 (solid state at 750 ℃) was investigated by salt coating method in 750 ℃ atmosphere (without SOx atmosphere). The results show that in the corrosion medium of molten mixed salt, the sulfidation reaction is mainly caused by the corrosion of liquid molten salt. After 100 h of hot corrosion, the main corrosion products are typical simple oxides (Al2O3, Cr2O3, TiO2) and Ni/Cr/Ti sulfides. However, in the pure Na2SO4 solid salt hot corrosion experiment, the corrosion products of the alloy after 100 h of hot corrosion are basically the same as those in the mixed salt test, but the thickness of the corrosion layer is relatively thinner and the size of sulfide is relatively larger. Combined with thermodynamics and microstructure analysis, it is clear that the alloy elements can react with solid Na2SO4 salt in the corrosion environment without SOx atmosphere.

2′,5′-oligoadenylate synthase (OAS) is a class of enzymes induced by interferons and mainly encoded by the OAS1, OAS2, and OAS3 genes, which activate the potential RNA enzymes to degrade viral mRNA, inhibit viral protein synthesis and promote apoptosis in virus-infected cells.OAS3is associated with breast cancer prognosis. However, the expression and prognosis ofOAS3and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in pan-cancer remain unknown. In the present study, we have systematically investigated and confirmed the role ofOAS3in tumour immune infiltration, immune escape, tumour progression, response to treatment, and prognosis of different cancer types using various bioinformatics methods. The findings suggest thatOAS3is aberrantly expressed in almost all TCGA cancer types and subtypes and is associated with tumour staging, metastasis, and prognostic deterioration in different tumours. In addition,OAS3expression is associated with the prognosis and chemotherapeutic outcomes of various cancers. In terms of immune-infiltrating levels,OAS3expression is positively associated with the infiltration of immunosuppressive cells. These findings suggest thatOAS3is correlated with prognosis and immune-infiltrating levels.

Aim: A glioblastoma (GBM) prognostic model was developed with GBM -related alternative splicing (AS) data and prognostic markers were identified. Methods: AS data and clinical data of GBM patients were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) SpliceSeq database and TCGA database, respectively. The data from these two databases were intersected to screen the prognosis-associated AS events, which was subsequently examined in Univariate Cox regression models. To avoid model overfitting, LASSO regression analysis was conducted. On the basis of these AS events, we established a prognostic model of GBM with the use of multivariate Cox regression analysis. On the strength of this model, the patients were assigned into high-risk and low-risk groups with a median risk score as the threshold. Kaplan-Meier survival, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and calibration curves were applied to evaluate the performance of this model. Finally, combined with the risk model and clinicopathological characteristics, Cox regression analysis was utilized to identify the independent prognostic markers of GBM, and a nomogram was constructed. Results: The AS and clinical data of 169 GBM patients from the TCGA SpliceSeq and TCGA databases were collected. Univariate Cox regression analysis identified 1000 prognosis-related AS events in GBM, and then Lasso regression analysis identified 16 AS events. A GBM prognostic risk model was constructed based on AS events of 7 genes (FAM86B1, ZNF302, C19orf57, RPL39L, CBLL1, RWDD1, IGF2BP2). Through this model, we found lower overall survival (OS) rates of the high-risk population versus the low-risk population (p < 0.05). ROC and calibration curve analyses demonstrated the good ability of this model to predict the OS of GBM patients. Cox regression analysis suggested risk score as an independent prognostic factor for GBM. We also found that IGF2BP2 is associated with patient prognosis and have a strong relationship with immunotherapy response. Conclusion: The prognostic model based on AS events can significantly distinguish the survival rate of high-risk and low-risk GBM patients and IGF2BP2 were identified as a novel prognostic biomarker and immunotherapeutic target.

Background: This study aimed to build a prognostic score model based on ferroptosis- and pyroptosis-related genes to predict overall survival (OS) and optimize the treatment of the hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patient.Methods: The gene expression data and clinical information of HCC patients were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Using data mining approach, this predictive signature was constructed and validated. The performance of predictive signature was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the ROC curve (AUC).Results: A total of 4 genes (ABCC1, G6PD, GSDME, HMOX1) were utilized to construct a prognosis model. The prognosis model exhibited good performance based on the AUC (AUC: 0.826 at 1 years, 0.796 at 3 years, 0.867 at 5 years). The calibration plots showed excellent calibration. Functional analysis revealed that significant enrichment of immune related processes.Conclusion: A prognostic risk model was developed from ferroptosis- and pyroptosis-related genes for HCC. The model could help clinicians more accurately and convenient predict the OS of individual HCC patients.

To investigate the effects of ubiquitin-like PDH and ring finger domain 1 (UHRF1) on the expression ratio of estrogen receptor (ER) α/ERβ, and to explore the experimental mechanism of UHRF1 affecting the proliferation, invasion and migration of BCPAP cells in papillary thyroid carcinoma.The protein and mRNA expressions of UHRF1, ERα and ERβ in normal thyroid Nthy-ori3-1 cells and thyroid papillary carcinoma BCPAP cells were detected by Western blot and qRT-PCR. BCPAP cells were treated with Scrambled siRNA andCompared with Nthy-ori3-1 cells, the expressions of UHRF1 and ERα proteins and mRNAs in BCPAP cells were significantly up-regulated (UHRF1 upregulates ERα/ERβ expression ratio and promotes proliferation, invasion and migration of BCPAP cells in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

The effect of different process parameters on solidification of industrial gas turbine hollow blades via HRS (High Rate Solidification) and LMC (Liquid Metal Cooling) was studied by ProCAST software. The results show that the paste zone via LMC process is much narrower than that by HRS process and the shape of the S/L (solid/liquid) interface is more flat. The axial thermal gradient of the blade by LMC process is about three times higher than that by HRS process. The cooling rate of the blade is 0.3-2.00℃/s by LMC process, which is far higher than that by HRS process (0.05-0.16℃/s). In LMC process, low holding temperature can still ensure high temperature gradient and cooling rate of the blade; while in order to avoid blocking of stray grains to the initial grains at the platform of the blade, HRS process should adopt high holding temperature and lower withdrawal rate. The calculated and the measured results show that compared with the blade prepared by HRS process, the PDAS (primary dendrite arm spacing) is much finer in the blade prepared by LMC process.

A new method is proposed to evaluate the process parameters by the solid-liquid interface position, thermal gradient angle and the axial thermal gradient. The effects of the process parameters on the solid-liquid interface position, thermal gradient angle and the axial thermal gradient were simulated by ProCAST using LMC(Liquid Metal Cooling) and HRS(High Rate Solidification) processes. The results show that HRS process is little affected by the mold thickness, the dominant heat transfer factor in HRS is radiation from the mold surface, and the dominant heat transfer factor in LMC either mold thermal conductivity or mold-metal interface heat transfer; increasing furnace temperature is beneficial to increase the axial thermal gradient; the withdrawal rate is the most important process parameter which significantly affects the thermal field during solidification, as the withdrawal rate increases, the axial thermal gradient first increases and then decreases, therefore, it is necessary to apply different withdrawal rates for different alloys. After holding 10min at different pouring temperatures, a uniform temperature is achieved, and it has slight influence on the subsequent solidification. It has been put forward that the solid-liquid interface position, thermal gradient angle and the axial thermal gradient can be utilized as a serial of efficient analysis standards for optimization of process conditions independent of casting geometry.

The LTB of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) expressed in Bifidobacterium infantis (BI) has been testified as mucosal adjuvant with co-vaccination BI-CfaB (the major fimbrial subunit) together in vivo in our previous study. In order to investigate the mucosal adjuvant effect of BI-LTB to purified antigens, we oral vaccinated SD rats with recombinant BI-LTB plus OVA (rBI-LTB + OVA), and wild type BI plus OVA (wBI + OVA), OVA and PBS (Phosphate buffered saline) were vaccinated as controls, respectively. The OVA-specific sIgA in jejunal mucosa and specific IgG in serium were measured with ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and the sIgA producing cells were detected with immunohistochemistry technology (IHC) and Qwin image manipulation tools subsequently. The results shown rBI-LTB could stimulate SD rats produce high titer OVA-specific sIgA in rBI-LTB + OVA group and the OVA-specific sIgA titer in rBI-LTB + OVA group was found significant greater than that of the wBI + OVA group or OVA single group (p < 0.05). However no such significant difference was detected between the group wBI + OVA and OVA. IHC results suggested that intestinal mucosa and submucosa was the main field of sIgA secretion. These results suggested that recombinant LTB expression in BI could be used as a wide range mucosal adjuvant with different form antigens.

The evaluation of earth pressure is of vital importance for the design of various retaining walls and infrastructures. Experimental studies show that earth pressures are closely related to the mode and amount of wall displacement. In this paper, based on the reveal of the formation mechanism of earth pressures against rigid retaining wall with RTT mode, a new method is proposed to calculate the earth pressure distribution in such conditions. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is confirmed by the experimental results.

The landslides from the instability of slopes are very serious geological hazards. The one key issue to compute the slope stability is the searching of critical slip surface. Generally, the searching of critical slip surface is a very typical complicated continuous optimization problem. To solve this problem very well, firstly, combing the artificial immune system algorithm and evolutionary algorithm with continuous ant colony algorithm, one new bionics algorithm for continuous function optimization which is called immunized continuous ant colony algorithm is proposed, secondly, combing new algorithm with limit equilibrium analysis, one new global optimization algorithm for critical slip surface searching is proposed. At last, through a typical numerical example-ACADS example, this new method is verified. The results show that, using the new algorithm, the searched slip surface will be coincided with the measured slip surface very well, and the stability safety factor will also be agree with the actual situation.

To establish a lung cancer A549 cell line stable over-expressing human integrin linked kinase (ILK) and study the effect of over-expression of ILK on biological activity of A549 cells.Human ILK gene was amplified by RT-PCR, then cloned into pEGFP-C1 vector to construct pEGFP-ILK. After confirmed by restriction analysis and sequencing, the recombinant plasmid was transfected into A549 cells mediated with liposome, then G418-resistant clones of A549 cells (A549/pEGFP-ILK) as experimental group were obtained, and paralleled with the vector control (A549/pEGFP-C1) and A549 cell control. The expression and localization of EGFP-ILK fusion protein in A549 cells was observed by fluorescence microscopy. RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to detect the level of ILK mRNA and ILK protein of each group cells respectively. The cell proliferation was tested by methylthiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, and the cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry, and the morphologic changes of cells were observed by HE staining.Both restriction analysis and sequencing proved that the pEGFP-ILK plasmid was constructed correctly. The distribution of fluorescence of stable transfected A549 cells indicated that the product of ILK gene was mainly located in cytoplasm. Compared with A549/pEGFP-C1 group and A549 group, the level of ILK mRNA and ILK protein of A549/pEGFP-ILK cells were significantly increased, which over-expression ratio was 218.18% and 245.45% respectively (P0.05). The proliferation ability of the A549 cells over-expressing ILK was increased significantly (P0.05). However, the apoptosis of A549/pEGFP-ILK cell was inhibited significantly by over-expression of ILK (P0.05). After HE staining, the increased mitosis were observed only in A549/pEGFP-ILK group cells.The lung cancer cell line stable over-expressing ILK protein was constructed successfully, and ILK over-expression could promote cell proliferation, inhibit cell apoptosis and increase mitosis.