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This paper describes the investigation of how processes of sitting and standing up are expressed in reports produced by native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese (BP) or Uruguayan Spanish (US). The structure aimed consists of the verb to be and the verb in the past participle. Considering that there are specific ways to express both processes on BP and US, would there be differences between what is said and what is inferred? The goal of this paper was to verify whether there is evidence of the fact that identical scenarios are expressed in different ways by speakers of PB and US. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Rural energy consumption causes tremendous damage to eco-environment and leads to aberration from a socio-economic point of view in many developing countries. Due to its unique physical features, there is a high potential of renewable energies in Tibet and traditional biomass energies such as cattle dung, firewood and crop residues play very important roles in local household energy usage. This special consumption structure do harm not only to eco-environment but to rural residents themselves as well. Basing on the field study and household questionnaires in June 2006 in Taktse, the article analyzed the rural household energy supply and consumption structure, and its impacts on eco-environment, health and social aspects of 2005 in this case study county. Results show that traditional biomass energy takes up to almost 70%, which leads to a series of serious eco-environment problems such as deforestation, soil erosion, grassland degradation, desertification, and some other problems such as human beings diseases and loss of time for education and recreation. Besides natural backgrounds, cultural tradition, population growth, economy reason and policy guidance are other main driving forces of the input–output flow of energy–environment relationship in rural Tibet. At last, a multilevel policy suggestion of making less use of traditional biomass and invest more resources in solar energy and biogas are put forward. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article discusses the availability of fossil fuels and the state of renewable energy resources in Tibet, which is getting damaged by pollution.

Abstract: A standard methodology is needed to recognize potentially suitable areas for sustainable bioenergy crop production. This facilitates better identification of promising crops and cropping systems, logistical and economic studies, and work needed to meet regulatory criteria. A possible approach is built upon three layers of internationally available spatial data: (1) degrading and abandoned areas, (2) potentially suitable land cover classes, (3) exclusion zones such as nature reserves and areas of high biodiversity. For China, areas identified as potentially suitable range from 1.2 to 6.0% of the national territory, depending on different levels of statistical confidence in degrading area status and allowable limits of terrestrial carbon. Verification on the ground showed that about 60% of points tested conformed to the remote suitability assessment in the scenario, which represents the results for the combination of all degrading areas and a terrestrial carbon stock limit of 200 t ha−1. A top-down approach is useful in framing potentially suitable locations, but a complementary bottom-up analysis is still required to ultimately identify areas for sustainable bio-fuel production. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]