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The Sea Island cotton Gossypium barbadense has been present in Brazil for at least 750 years. Cultivated worldwide, the fibres present superior quality; therefore, farmers’ seeds are an important genetic resource and in situ maintenance is essential to complement ex situ conservation. To understand how the species has been conserved in situ and investigate the socio-economic aspects which may ensure the continuity of its conservation, we conducted expeditions to three different municipalities situated in Brazilian Cerrado, Goiás state, Brazil—one of which is a traditional community, the quilombo Kalunga community—interviewed plant maintainers and compared our results with data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. There is hand spinning and hand weaving for home uses and commercialization within and outside the traditional community, which contribute to the continuity of the in situ conservation of Gossypium barbadense. Medicinal use is more determinant than hand weaving in deciding to keep plants and seeds. Fabric handicraft is a predominantly female, low-income activity. Interviews with cotton hand spinners indicated that in situ maintenance may be favoured by access to weaving looms and improvement in the marketing and sale of their products. Policies valuing handicrafts can ensure the continuity of biodiversity and disseminate and vivify traditions in addition to maintaining an income for the artisans.

The native Brazilian cotton Gossypium mustelinum has never been planted. It is tetraploid and may cross with cultivated cotton. Endemic to Northeast Brazil, it was known only to grow in semi-arid areas, but expeditions in 2011, 2016, and 2018 localized plants in preservation areas on the coast of Northeast Brazil (in the States of Paraiba and Pernambuco), as predicted before by niche simulations. New climatic modeling shows that new populations can still be found in the Pernambuco semi-arid area, despite the lack of herbarium and germplasm bank information. Historical data show that the preserved populations are in regions where sympatry has not occurred in the last 47 years. Gene flow is unlikely to be a threat, and communication may foster significantly in in situ preservation. Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-18T13:01:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5910.pdf: 4087224 bytes, checksum: 218c101c479891da2e76eea5a4902e44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

This commentary from the Journal Editorial Board sets out the research agenda for the journal and invites contributions. We want to elicit and synthesize research- and practice-based knowledge toward the goal of resilient, equitable cities in a world with less than 1.5°C of warming, focusing on the transformational change needed to achieve this goal. Within this focus, we set out two primary areas that are pivotal to demonstrate the economic and political strategies necessary to stop climate breakdown: ecologically and socially viable and just economic systems; and purposeful, progressive, and inclusive government and governance. We set out key principles of transformational change and invite a plurality of conceptualizations, particularly emphasizing the need and potential of drawing on emerging thinking at regional, national, and international levels and applying it to city-scale. We outline the need for action-oriented, policy-relevant research in collaboration with city actors, tackling priority challenges in real-time, as well as an openness to new knowledge, perspectives, and contributors. We aim to catalyze and realize the opportunity to combine collective city action with academic (re-)thinking and research activism, in order to empower mayors with the evidence and narrative to create sustainable, thriving cities.

Bacterial cellulose membrane (BCM) is a biomaterial synthesized by bacteria of the genus Gluconocetobacter hansenii with a higher degree of purity than plant cellulose. The commonly used raw material for manipulating bacterial cellulose is kombucha, a beverage consumed by a vast population around the world that promises health benefits. The beverage is composed of tea species Camellia sinenses and a carbon source, refined sucrose, and a starter culture of bacteria and yeast with 10% fermented tea (starter tea) to activate the fermentative process. The Kombucha’s bacterial cellulose membranes (KBCM) are formed over 7 to 10 days on the surface of the fermented product and have the appearance of a gelatinous membrane, this being the by-product of interest. In this work, the objective was to obtain the membrane composed of cellulose via Kombucha and purify it to obtain crystalline cellulose. The purification was performed with distilled water and 0.5M NaOH sodium hydroxide solution to remove residues from the fermentation, successfully removing sugars and bacteria. At the end of the experiments, a lighter film was obtained with coloration close to white, and comparative analyses were performed to verify the structural chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology of the samples by techniques FTIR, DRX, and SEM, respectively. Then, once the biomaterial was purified, the range of applications expanded to several products to meet the biomedical area, sustainable packaging, and even the fashion industry. La membrana de celulosa bacteriana (BCM) es un biomaterial sintetizado por bacterias del género Gluconocetobacter hansenii con un grado de pureza superior a la celulosa vegetal. La materia prima usada para manipular la celulosa bacteriana es la kombucha, una bebida consumida por una vasta población en todo el mundo que promete beneficios para la salud. La bebida se compone de la especie de té Camellia sinenses y una fuente de carbono, sacarosa refinada y un cultivo iniciador de bacterias y levadura con té fermentado al 10% (té iniciador) para activar el proceso fermentativo. Las membranas de celulosa bacteriana de Kombucha (KBCM) se forman durante 7 a 10 días en la superficie del producto fermentado y tienen la apariencia de una membrana gelatinosa, siendo este el subproducto de interés. En este trabajo, el objetivo fue obtener la membrana compuesta de celulosa vía Kombucha y purificarla para obtener celulosa cristalina. La purificación se realizó con agua destilada y solución de hidróxido de sodio NaOH 0,5 M para eliminar los residuos de la fermentación, eliminando con éxito azúcares y bacterias. Al finalizar los experimentos, se obtuvo una película más clara con coloración cercana al blanco, y se realizaron análisis comparativos para verificar la composición química estructural, cristalinidad y morfología de las muestras técnicas FTIR, DRX y SEM, respectivamente. Luego, una vez purificado el biomaterial, la gama de aplicaciones se expandió a varios productos para cubrir el área biomédica, el empaque sustentable e incluso la industria de la moda. A membrana de celulose bacteriana (BCM) é um biomaterial sintetizado por bactérias do gênero Gluconocetobacter hansenii com maior grau de pureza que a celulose vegetal. A matéria-prima comumente utilizada para a manipulação da celulose bacteriana é o kombuchá, bebida consumida por uma vasta população em todo o mundo que promete benefícios à saúde. A bebida é composta por chás da espécie Camellia sinenses e uma fonte de carbono, sacarose refinada, e uma cultura inicial de bactérias e leveduras com 10% de chá fermentado (chá inicial) para ativar o processo fermentativo. As membranas de celulose bacteriana (KBCM) do Kombuchá são formadas ao longo de 7 a 10 dias na superfície do produto fermentado e têm a aparência de uma membrana gelatinosa, sendo este o subproduto de interesse. Neste trabalho, o objetivo foi produzir a membrana composta de celulose via Kombuchá e purificá-la para obter a celulose cristalina. A purificação foi realizada com água destilada e solução de hidróxido de sódio NaOH 0,5M para remoção dos resíduos da fermentação, com sucesso na remoção de açúcares e bactérias. Ao final dos experimentos, foi obtido um filme mais claro com coloração próxima ao branco, e análises comparativas foram realizadas para verificar a composição química estrutural, cristalinidade e morfologia das amostras pelas técnicas FTIR, DRX e SEM, respectivamente. Depois, uma vez purificado o biomaterial, o leque de aplicações se expandiu para diversos produtos para atender a área biomédica, embalagens sustentáveis e até mesmo a indústria da moda.

Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of oral cancer patients treated at a regional referral hospital for cancer treatment in Paraná. Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study involved a population of 274 people with oral cancer, treated from January 2007 to January 2014. Data were collected from hospital records and supplemented with admission forms from hospital. Results: It was identified that 75.2% were male, and 81.5% were white. The average age was 59 years old, ranging from 19 to 88 years old, with greater involvement for the age group over 60 years old with 48.2% of cases. The people most affected by the disease performed activities related to agriculture (21.9%) and activities related to production of industrial goods and services (20.0%). The most prevalent histological type was squamous cell carcinoma in 90.2% of cases, followed by basal cell carcinoma (3.3%) and adenocarcinoma (2.9%). Conclusions: The most affected individuals were men, white, with an average age of 59 years, with a profession related to agriculture, with lesions located mainly on the lip. Objetivo: Describir el perfil epidemiológico de pacientes con cáncer bucal atendidos en un hospital regional de referencia para tratamiento oncológico en Paraná. Métodos: Este estudio retrospectivo, con un diseño transversal, involucró a una población de 274 personas con cáncer oral, atendidas desde enero de 2007 a enero de 2014. Los datos fueron recolectados de registros hospitalarios y complementados con formularios de admisión hospitalaria. Resultados: Se identificó que el 75,2% eran varones y el 81,5% eran blancos / de color. La edad promedio fue de 59 años, con un rango de 19 a 88 años, con mayor afectación para el grupo de edad mayor de 60 años con un 48,2% de los casos. Las personas más afectadas por la enfermedad realizaban actividades relacionadas con la agricultura (21,9%) y actividades relacionadas con la producción de bienes y servicios industriales (20,0%). El tipo histológico más prevalente fue el carcinoma epidermoide en el 90,2% de los casos, seguido del carcinoma basocelular (3,3%) y el adenocarcinoma (2,9%). Conclusiones: Los individuos más afectados fueron hombres, de raza blanca, con una edad promedio de 59 años, con una profesión relacionada con la agricultura, con lesiones localizadas principalmente en el labio. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com câncer bucal tratados em um hospital de referência regional para tratamento de câncer no Paraná. Métodos: Este estudo retrospectivo, com delineamento transversal, envolveu uma população de 274 pessoas com câncer bucal, tratados no período de janeiro de 2007 a janeiro de 2014. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos prontuários hospitalares e complementados com as fichas de admissão hospitalar. Resultados: Identificou-se que 75,2% eram indivíduos do gênero masculino, e 81,5% de cor/raça branca. A média de idade foi 59 anos, variando de 19 a 88 anos, com maior acometimento para a faixa etária com mais 60 anos com 48,2% dos casos. As pessoas mais acometidas pela doença exerciam atividades relacionadas à agricultura (21,9%) e atividades relacionadas à produção de bens e serviços industriais (20,0%). O tipo histológico mais prevalente foi o carcinoma espinocelular em 90,2% casos, seguido pelo carcinoma basocelular (3,3%) e adenocarcinoma (2,9%). Conclusões: Os indivíduos mais acometidos foram homens, de raça branca, com idade média de 59 anos, com profissão ligada a agricultura, com lesões localizadas principalmente em lábio.

Orientador: Aparecida Neri de Souza Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Resumo: Este trabalho refere-se à análise do processo de implementação da orientação por competências em escolas públicas, na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, na primeira metade dos anos 2000, com o objetivo de compreender as mudanças introduzidas no sistema educacional, no curso dos dois últimos decênios. A hipótese principal que orientou a pesquisa é de que há um movimento de racionalização que contamina todas as esferas da vida social, transformando o processo educacional em meio para responder aos imperativos do mercado de trabalho. Para tanto, foram pesquisadas duas escolas públicas que oferecem o Ensino Fundamental, a primeira vinculada a uma universidade pública e estadual (Escola A) e a segunda integrante da rede de escolas estaduais, subordinada à Secretaria Estadual de Educação, e que mantém parceria com empresa privada (Escola B). O estudo das escolas, realizado entre 2003 e 2006, indagou os professores, coordenadores, mediante entrevistas semi-estruturadas, como estavam colocando em prática a orientação do ensino por competências; quais eram, na ótica desses trabalhadores, as inovações, as mudanças nas ações educativas, sejam elas curriculares, na organização do trabalho escolar; e, na orientação por competências, como se estabelecem consentimentos ou resistências ao processo. A pesquisa também investigou a percepção dos pais dos estudantes sobre os reflexos da orientação por competências sobre o processo educativo. O estudo foi complementado não só com a análise de documentos produzidos pelas escolas, pelo poder público, em especial o Ministério da Educação, pelos organismos internacionais ou empresariais, mas também com as observações no campo das atividades de trabalho dos professores, funcionários, coordenadores e diretores. A pesquisa encontrou na Escola A coletivos de trabalhadores altamente qualificados, com contratos de trabalho estáveis (embora pela Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho) e jornadas semanais de trabalho em tempo integral; com condições de trabalho favoráveis não só pela proximidade acadêmica com Faculdade de Educação, mas pela disponibilidade de recursos didáticos e pedagógicos e pela presença de estudantes originários de diferentes grupos sociais. Essas condições e relações de trabalho não foram suficientes para construir espaços de resistência ao movimento de orientação por competências. Quando foram encontradas eram difusas e individualizadas. De modo geral, o coletivo de trabalhadores se apropriou da orientação por competências e buscam implementar as mudanças, considerando o trabalho docente como um espaço de autonomia relativa. Por outro lado, na Escola B, a pesquisa encontrou coletivo de trabalhadores com menor qualificação, com contratos de trabalho, na sua maioria, temporários (embora Estatutários), com alta rotatividade de professores e diretores; uma diversidade de jornadas de trabalho (organizadas por hora-aula); e com condições de trabalho desfavoráveis se comparadas com a Escola A. Essas condições e relações de trabalho informam as dificuldades desse coletivo de trabalhadores de construírem propostas educacionais que tenham continuidade, que se enraízem e que produzam ações educativas duradouras (como na Escola A). O ensino por competências é implementado por meio de projetos de trabalho, limitando a formação dos estudantes à sua realidade. Ambos os coletivos compreendem o trabalho docente como espaço de autonomia relativa, como portador de possibilidades de transformação cultural e social de estudantes. No entanto, na Escola B, a proximidade com a empresa coloca finalidades contraditórias para a educação escolar, legitimando os imperativos do mercado de trabalho. Na Escola A, a proximidade com a universidade não se constituiu em ruptura com o processo de legitimação vivenciado pela Escola B, concretizado na preocupação com o vestibular Abstract: This current research is an analysis of the process of implementing competence orientation in state (public) schools situated in São Paulo metropolitan area. The analysis took place in the first half of the 2000¿s and aimed at understanding the changes inserted in the educational system throughout the last two decades. The hypothesis for the research is that there is a rationalization movement which contaminates all aspects of social life, transforming the on-going educational process in order to correspond to job market needs. To fulfill the research, the investigation was carried out in two state schools which have primary and secondary education: the first one is a school which is related to a state, public university (school A); the second one, a school which is part of a network of state schools- supervised by the State Bureau of Education, which has partnership with a private enterprise (school B). The study in the schools was implemented from 2003 to 2006, and used semistructured questionnaires applied to teachers and coordinators as data resource. The informants were asked how they were implementing the competence orientations and which were, according to their point-of ¿view, the innovations and changes in the educational actions (in different aspects such as curriculum and school work organization), as well as how resistance or consent to the process happened. The research also investigated the parents¿ understanding about the competenceorientation outcomes on the educational process. The study was complemented not only with the analysis of documents produced by the schools, by the state educational offices, mainly by the Federal Department of Education, by business and international associations, but also with field observations of school staff (teachers, coordinators, servants, directors) at work. The research in school A found highly-qualified professionals, hired under stable job contracts (Work Regulation Laws, in Portuguese called ¿CLT¿) and full-time week periods of work with positive conditions, not only because of the close relationship with the School of Education in the university, but also because of the availability of pedagogical resources, and the presence of students from different social groups. These conditions and work relationships were not sufficient to create spaces of resistance to the competence-orientation movement; where they were found, they were scattered, isolated and individualized. In general terms, most workers accepted the orientations in a positive way and worked towards the implementation of the changes, considering the teachers¿ work as a space of relative autonomy. However, in school B, the research found groups of less-qualified professionals, hired under temporary job contracts (although being regulated by statute) with high turnover of teachers and directors and several different week time periods of work (organized by hour-class); and unfavorable work conditions, compared to school A. These conditions and work relationships reported the difficulties of school staff to build and implement educational actions, ones which could last, root and produce long-term educational actions (like the ones in school A). The teaching of competencies is implemented through work projects, framing the students¿ education to their own reality. In both contexts, school staff sees their work as a space with relative autonomy, as well as a space of possibilities towards students¿ cultural and social change. However, in school B, the close relationship with the enterprise sets learning goals with are contradictory with school education, favoring job market orientations and needs. In school A, the close relationship with the university does not mean there is a process of breaking up with the process of educating towards job market needs (what is explicit in school B); this fact is revealed in the orientation towards university preparatory exams (in Portuguese, called ¿vestibular¿) Doutorado Educação, Sociedade, Politica e Cultura Doutor em Educação

Orientador: Ana Lucia Ribeiro de Almeida Vergueiro, Ruth Maria Bannwart Cardoso dos Santos Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba Resumo: O presente estudo teve o propósito de determinar o valor de doses de radiação incidentes em determinadas regiões consideradas críticas, de pacientes submetidos a exames radiográficos extra-bucais de interesse na Odontologia. Para isso, foi usada a dosimetria termoluminescente (LiF-700). Os resultados evidenciaram que os níveis de radiação, decorrentes de radiografias extra-bucais realizadas em indivíduos com diversos tipos morfológicos de face, mostram diferenças entre si, sugerindo que existe significância entre os níveis de radiação em função do tipo morfológico de face. Com relação às técnicas radiogrificas para A. T.M., constatamos que a técnica transcranial de Updegrave provocou um índice de radiação maior nos órgãos críticos, quando comparada com a transfacial de McQueen. As técnicas póstero-anteriores apresentaram um nível próximo de incidência,em todas as regiões consideradas. Quanto às técnicas de Shuller e lateral para perfil, podemos dizer que apresentaram níveis de incidência semelhantes a dados existentes na literatura Abstract: The aim of the work was to determine the value of radiation doses that falI in certain areas, considered critical, on patients submitted to extra-buccal radiographic examination. These doses and their value are of very much interest for Dentistry. For this, the termoluminescent dosimetry was used (LiF-700). The resul ts showed tkat the levels of radiation from extra-buccal radiography was variable, suggesting a relation with the facial characteristics of the patient. Concerning the radiographic technics, it verified that the transcranial technic of updegrave gave wa's larger index of radiation on the critical organs, when compared to the transfacial technic of McQueen. The postero-anterior technics showed a similar leveI of incidence in alI the considered areas. The results with the Shuller technics and lateral to Profile were according to the data found in the literature Mestrado Radiologia Mestre em Odontologia

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T00:57:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-09-01 Abstract: Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) can be used to produce a large volume of non-thermal plasma at atmospheric pressure. Such plasmas are sources of highly reactive species (radicals, ozone, atoms, ions and excited molecules). Due to its characteristics, the DBD plasma can be applied for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials, in order to extract lignin that prevents the access to remained fermentable sugars in the biomass. In this context, an alternative method for pretreatment of lignocellulosic material in an in-liquid DBD plasma reactor using non-contact electrodes, working with atmospheric air, has been proposed. After the pretreatment, the solids were washed and submitted to enzymatic hydrolysis with a commercial enzyme complex, at 10 FPU/g of pretreated biomass and 50 g/L solids concentration (dry basis), for 72 h. The release of fermentable sugars was measured, comparing the samples obtained with and without plasma treatment. The highest sugar release was achieved using the plasma-in-liquid pretreatment in a single step, with glucose and xylose yields of 51.3 and 38.5%, respectively, after enzymatic hydrolysis. Thus, an effective pretreatment was developed to be applied to biomass such as: corn cob, sugarcane bagasse, bamboo, eucalyptus, etc., in order to reduce the environmental impact and, at the same time, produce biofuels. Graphic Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] Technological Institute of Aeronautics LPP/ITA IP&D/UNIVAP University of Paraiba Valley Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology College of Agricultural Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) Science and Technology Institute - Biochemical Engineering Group - Unifesp Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology College of Agricultural Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)

There has been a recent increase in both the production and consumption of ethanol due to the numerous environmental advantages that it offers, such as the fact that it can be produced from a variety of renewable materials, for instance corn and cellulose, or it can be obtained from sugarcane bagasse and biomass (2nd and 3rd generation ethanol). The result of this is that nowadays ethanol is widely seen as the dominant biofuel – or as a blend component in gasoline or pure fuel - in many countries. However, one disadvantage of the use of ethanol is the high corrosive behavior that occurs when its hygroscopic properties are exposed to a large number of materials. Xiaoyuan Lou and Preet Singh showed that the increase of water concentration in ethanol induces pitting and metal loss. Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) films may be a solution to this problem due to the fact that they can be deposited inside tubes, offer good protection levels against corrosion, and reduce the friction coefficient and wear. This paper shows the tribocorrosion and corrosion studies of DLC films deposited on stainless steel grade 304 (SS304) substrates in order to gauge its appropriateness usage in the construction of pipelines and fuel storage tanks. The surface morphology was analyzed before and after 14 days of immersion. The tribocorrosion, friction coefficient, and wear rate were studied in ethanol to see the effects of water concentration. The films showed good adherence to the substrates. Corrosion and tribocorrosion results showed that for bare Stainless Steel 304 the increase of the water content increases the corrosion and the friction coefficient. DLC coated samples presented few points of delamination, and the friction coefficient and open circuit potentials were very low compared with the bare sample which was water concentration independent.

This paper reports the efficacy of nonthermal plasma (NTP) as a biocidal agent to treat 304 stainless steel (SS304) covered with a diamond-like carbon (DLC) film contaminated with Candida albicans biofilms. The association of two techniques using electric plasma was used. The first was plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) used to deposit a DLC film on the SS304. The second was NTP used on the surface of the SS304 with and without the DLC film. The combination of the SS304 surface with the DLC film was demonstrated to be effective when using the DLC film as corrosion protection. Comparing the proliferation of Candida species on the DLC film and SS304 surface, it was possible to conclude that Candida species stays longer in the DLC film than in SS304. The reduction of colony numbers was visible after 5 min using plasma on both surfaces; in addition, 99% of Candida species were eliminated after 15 min. Three C. albicans microorganisms were used. Two were from samples of urine and tracheal secret...

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of pressure (150, 175 and 200 bar), temperature (40, 50 and 60 °C) and CO2 flow rate (2, 3 and 4 mL min−1) on the yield of supercritical extraction of Eugenia involucrata leaves. The extracts were characterized for α-tocopherol content and antioxidant activity in comparison to the n-hexane extract obtained by the Soxhlet technique. The greatest yield, 1.73 wt%, was obtained by the highest density and using the highest CO2 flow rate (200 bar, 40 °C and 4 mL min−1). Variation in the experimental conditions resulted in an increase of up to 165% in the α-tocopherol yield, with a possible yield of up to 68.27 mgα-tocopherol 100 gleaves−1. The antioxidant activity determined by the DPPH method showed a high correlation with the content of α-tocopherol, with a maximum of 95.35 μmolTrolox gextract−1. The experimental kinetic curves were satisfactorily described by Sovova mathematical model.

The Ti6Al4V alloy is usually employed as a biomaterial, however, when in use, exhibits a few drawbacks such as corrosion, caused by the release of aluminum and vanadium ions besides the bioinert behavior. Bioactive coatings offer a barrier effect and bioactivity, promoting biocompatibility and osseointegration processes. The present work aims to study the biocompatibility behavior of a bioglass-containing silane film deposited on a titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) substrate. The effect of the surface roughness of the metallic substrate was also evaluated. Film/substrate systems were characterized as their morphological, chemical, physical, electrochemical behavior, and cell cytotoxicity and cell viability. The main results pointed out that silane films augment corrosion resistance of titanium alloy substrates. The biological results indicated a growth of osteoblast cells (MG-63), for all the test conditions. The bioglass film deposited on the ground substrate exhibits the highest cell density. La aleación Ti6Al4V generalmente se emplea como biomaterial, sin embargo, en la práctica presenta algunos inconvenientes como la corrosión, causada por la liberación de iones de aluminio y vanadio además del comportamiento bioinerte. Los recubrimientos bioactivos ofrecen efecto barrera y bioactividad, lo que favorece los procesos de biocompatibilidad y osteointegración. El presente trabajo tiene como fin estudiar el comportamiento biocompatible de un recubrimiento de silano con biovidrio depositado sobre un sustrato de aleación de titanio (Ti6Al4V). También se evaluó el efecto de la rugosidad superficial del sustrato metálico. Los sistemas recubrimiento/sustrato se caracterizaron en cuanto a sus características morfológicas, químicas, físicas, electroquímicas, citotoxicidad y viabilidad celulares. Los principales resultados obtenidos indicaron que los recubrimientos de silano aumentan la resistencia a la corrosión de los sustratos de la aleación de titanio. Los resultados biológicos obtenidos indicaron un crecimiento de células osteoblásticas (MG-63), para todas las condiciones de ensayo. El recubrimiento de biovidrio depositado sobre el sustrato lijado presenta la mayor densidad celular. A liga Ti6Al4V é usualmente empregada como biomaterial, porém, quando em uso, apresenta alguns inconvenientes como a corrosão causada pela liberação de íons alumínio e vanádio além do comportamento bioinert. Os revestimentos bioativos oferecem um efeito de barreira e bioatividade, promovendo processos de biocompatibilidade e osseointegração. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o comportamento de biocompatibilidade de um filme de silano contendo biovidro depositado sobre um substrato de liga de titânio (Ti6Al4V). O efeito da rugosidade superficial do substrato metálico também foi avaliado. Os sistemas filme / substrato foram caracterizados quanto ao comportamento morfológico, químico, físico, eletroquímico e citotoxicidade e viabilidade celular. Os principais resultados apontaram que filmes de silano aumentam a resistência à corrosão de substratos de liga de titânio. Os resultados biológicos indicaram crescimento de células osteoblásticas (MG-63), para todas as condições de teste. O filme de biovidro depositado no substrato moído exibiu a maior densidade celular.

Esta tese tem como objetivo refletir sobre a restauração de filmes no Brasil e a transformação ocasionada pela incorporação da tecnologia digital nas práticas da atividade na virada dos anos 2000. Tem como eixo o exame de três restaurações realizadas em momentos históricos significativos para a área no país: O ébrio (1946), de Gilda de Abreu , exemplar da chamada restauração editorial efetuada no momento de transição da tecnologia fotoquímica para a tecnologia digital, processo finalizado em 1998; O padre e a moça (1966), de Joaquim Pedro de Andrade , primeiro trabalho de restauração digital em tecnologia 2K no Brasil, realizado em 2005; e O dragão da maldade contra o santo guerreiro (1969), de Glauber Rocha , projeto de restauração digital em 4K de um filme em cores, executado por um profissional brasileiro em um laboratório estrangeiro e encerrado em 2008. Procuramos verificar em que medida a disseminação das ferramentas digitais contribuiu para o amadurecimento do restauro de filmes no Brasil, até o momento do colapso da atividade em 2015, com o fechamento de laboratórios cinematográficos e de seus departamentos dedicados ao trabalho de restauração. De delimitação não consensual, o conceito de original, baliza central para a compreensão sobre o exercício da atividade de restauro, será debatido a partir das tentativas de definição empreendidas pela bibliografia estrangeira existente, a fim de apresentar seus possíveis entendimentos, para, em seguida, examinarmos de que maneira a prática brasileira se apropriou deste conceito. Através da compreensão sobre a articulação das dimensões histórica, estética e ética nas três obras fílmicas selecionadas, refletiremos sobre as implicações das escolhas realizadas em seus respectivos projetos de restauro e os resultados obtidos, buscando evidenciar a importância da restauração para a manutenção da integridade do patrimônio audiovisual brasileiro. This thesis aims to reflect on film restoration in Brazil and the transformation caused by the incorporation of digital technology into film restoration practices at the turn of the 2000s. The axis of this work is to examine three restorations carried out at significant historical moments within the field of film restoration in Brazil: O ébrio by Gilda de Abreu (1946), an example of the socalled editorial restoration that was being carried out during the time of transition from photochemical to digital technology, completed in 1998; O padre e a moça, by Joaquim Pedro de Andrade (1966), the first digital restoration work using 2K technology in Brazil, carried out in 2005, and O dragão da maldade contra o santo guerreiro, by Glauber Rocha (1969), a digital restoration project in 4K of a color film, executed by a Brazilian restoration professional in a foreign film restoration laboratory and completed in 2008. Using these examples, I intend to analyze the historical trajectory of digital film restoration in Brazil. This thesis will verify the extent to which the dissemination of digital tools contributed to the maturation of film restoration in Brazil, until the moment that restoration activity collapsed in 2015 after the closing of cinematographic laboratories and their respective departments dedicated to restoration work. Controversial, the concept of the original, which is a central guideline for understanding the activity of restoration, will be debated by outlining the attempts towards defining the word which have been undertaken by texts within the existing foreign bibliography on the subject. The goal of such debates will be to present an array of possible interpretations that this concept has come under, and to then examine how Brazilian practice has appropriated these concepts. Through understanding the articulation of the historical, aesthetic and ethical dimension in the three selected film works, this thesis reflects on the implications of the choices made during their restoration process and the results obtained, seeking to highlight the importance of restoration for maintaining the integrity of Brazilian audiovisual heritage.

Every year, billions of dollars are invested in research and development for space applications, including new systems, new technologies, and new materials. DLC (Diamond-Like Carbon) is a promising material for use in these applications, but its use faces a technological barrier, since it is severely etched by atomic oxygen and ozone. In this study, SiOx-DLC thin films were deposited as a top layer of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films on Ti-6Al-4V substrates to increase resistance against corrosion by atomic oxygen and ozone as well as meet the requirements for use in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. The corrosion resistance of the films was evaluated using oxygen plasma, and the tribological and mechanical properties were investigated. The SiOx-DLC top layer reduced the corrosion rate two orders of magnitude and increased the critical load from 16.2 ± 1.5 N to 18.4 ± 0.4 N.

Os sistemas de controle via rede sem fio são parte integrante dos novos cenários de utilização considerados para a quinta geração de redes móveis (5G) que, além de superar as gerações anteriores em taxa de dados e capacidade, tem o objetivo de endereçá-los. Eles estão presentes em aplicações como a comunicação V2X e a Indústria 4.0, por exemplo, que utilizam controle em tempo real, o que implica em rigorosos requisitos de latência e confiabilidade da comunicação. Neste tipo de sistema, a forma mais comum de comunicação entre os dispositivos ocorre através de pacotes curtos, demandando um equacionamento específico para um projeto adequado. Ainda, controle e comunicação não podem ser considerados individualmente, pois existem variáveis que exercem influência sobre ambos concomitantemente. Os benefícios da concepção conjunta para atender aos seus requisitos de URLLC (Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication) já foram demonstrados ao se melhorar o consumo e, ao mesmo, aumentar o tráfego de informação tempo através do uso de controle preditivo em pacotes. Este é um fator de suma importância, considerando que no contexto dos sistemas sem fio, é comum que os elementos sejam alimentados por baterias. O consumo é reduzido ainda mais quando HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) é aplicado, e uma retransmissão da mensagem é prevista em caso de outage. Neste trabalho, ambas as técnicas serão empregadas, levando em conta a comunicação via pacotes curtos, para a obtenção de um número ótimo de retransmissões e comandos de controle preditivo, buscando uma melhor eficiência energética. Os resultados mostraram que, através de uma escolha adequada destes parâmetros, é possível otimizar o consumo. Ainda, que dependendo das restrições de latência do sistema, o uso de controle preditivo em pacotes pode não ser interessante, sendo o HARQ isoladamente uma melhor alternativa. Wireless networked control systems are an integral part of the new usage scenarios considered for the fifth generation of mobile networks (5G) which, in addition to surpassing previous generations in data rate and capacity, aim to address them. They are present in applications such as V2X communication and Industry 4.0, for example, using realtime control, which implies strict latency and reliability requirements for communication. In this type of system, the most common form of communication between devices occurs through short packages, requiring specific mathematical models for an appropriate project. Additionally, control and communication cannot be considered individually, as there are variables that influence both concurrently. The co-design benefits for meeting the URLLC (Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication) requirements have already been demonstrated by improving resource utilization while increasing information traffic through the use of PPC (Packetized Predictive Control). This is an extremely important factor, considering that in the context of wireless systems, it is common for the elements to be powered by batteries. The consumption is further reduced when HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) is applied, and a retransmission of the message is provided in case of an outage event. In this work, both techniques are applied, whereas supporting short packets communication, to obtain an optimum number of retransmissions and predictive control commands, aiming for better energy efficiency. The results show that by performing an appropriate choice of these parameters, it is possible to optimize consumption. Also, depending on the latency restrictions of the system, the use of PPC may not be interesting, being HARQ alone a better alternative.

O PRESENTE RELATO APRESENTA A EXPERIÊNCIA DO SESC NA ORGANIZAÇÃO DE AÇÕES DE FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DIRECIONADAS, EM CARÁTER DE EMERGÊNCIA, ÀS EQUIPES QUE ATUAM NAS ÁREAS DE SAÚDE E ASSISTÊNCIA. AS INICIATIVAS FORAM PLANEJADAS, ORGANIZADAS E REALIZADAS COM OS DESAFIOS DECORRENTES DAS LIMITAÇÕES IMPOSTAS PELO DISTANCIAMENTO FÍSICO PARA PREVENÇÃO DO NOVO CORONAVÍRUS COMO ETAPA PREPARATÓRIA AO RETORNO ÀS ATIVIDADES. NA BUSCA POR INOVAÇÕES METODOLÓGICAS REFERENTES À FORMA COMO ATÉ ENTÃO, ESTRUTURÁVAMOS AS AÇÕES FORMATIVAS, PARA DEFINIÇÃO DAS TRILHAS FORMATIVAS FORAM SEGUIDOS OS SEGUINTES PASSOS: 1) PESQUISA DIAGNÓSTICA; 2) ALINHAMENTO CONCEITUAL COM CURADORIA DE CONTEÚDO; 3) PRODUÇÃO E VIDEOAULAS; 4) INDICAÇÃO DE CONTEÚDOS COMPLEMENTARES AO CONTEÚDO; 5) ESPAÇO PARA ESCLARECIMENTO DE DÚVIDAS E TROCA DE EXPERIÊNCIAS; 6) QUIZZES PARA TESTAR CONHECIMENTOS E 7) DISCUSSÃO E VALIDAÇÃO DE PROTOCOLOS REGIONAIS PARA ATUAÇÃO EM TERRITÓRIOS LOCAIS DURANTE A PANDEMIA. TIVEMOS APROXIMADAMENTE 4 MIL FUNCIONÁRIOS INSCRITOS E PERCENTUAL DE ENGAJAMENTO SUPERIOR A 70% E MAIS DE 62% DE CONCLUINTES.

Metallic implants are frequently exposed simultaneously to cyclic micromovements and a corrosive medium at the interface between implant and bone, constituting a tribocorrosive environment. Ions from natural body fluids can increase the release of debris in the wear zone. This debris can penetrate soft or hard tissue, leading to implant failure and metallic contamination of the tissues around the prosthesis. Surface modification of implants has been studied to improve the lifespan of metallic implants in the body. In this work, a CO2 laser was used to irradiate silicon carbide with and without anatase titanium oxide (TiO2), in order to produce protective coatings for improving the tribocorrosion and osseointegration performance of stainless steel (SS316L). Tribocorrosion resistance and osseointegration tests were performed using simulated body fluid (SBF), in order to understand the behavior in this environment. Chemical composition and hardness analyses showed that the coatings were effective in improving passivation of the surface, when compared to bare SS316L. Osteoblasts were well dispersed on these surfaces, displaying improved proliferation and viability, compared to the SS316L sample. A statistically significant increase of cell viability was observed when the surface was covered with a low silicon content coating.

Motivated by new wireless applications that rely on ultra-reliable low latency communications, while supporting the transmission of short packets, we introduce a method that reduces the wireless resources consumption for real-time control of physical systems. Leveraging the tight interaction between control and communication systems, we make use of packetized predictive control along with incremental redundancy hybrid automatic repeat request, aiming at minimizing the transmission energy consumption of a packet by optimizing the transmit power and prediction length of the controller. Our results show that the proposed strategy can save up to 45% of wireless resources when compared to a state-of-the-art method.

PRÊMIO NOBEL: O CRIADOR, O PRÊMIO E OS LAUREADOS

Tecnologias jurídicas disruptivas são capazes de otimizar rotinas de tribunais, escritórios de advocacia e departamentos jurídicos. Inteligência Artificial, Jurimetria e Big Data promoverão mudanças inevitáveis e exigirão dos profissionais de carreiras jurídicas verdadeira quebra de paradigmas. Este meio, notável pela tradição, tem superado a resistência a tais mudanças e se adequado às tecnologias disponíveis. Ao considerar suas potencialidades e os riscos provenientes de seus usos, depara-se com questões éticas, discutidas e decididas pelo Poder Judiciário. O próprio futuro da advocacia se torna temerário frente à existência de máquinas velozes e eficientes, capazes de executar com excelência as rotinas forenses. O artigo consiste em pesquisa qualitativa, com teor bibliográfico e documental, respaldada em doutrinas, artigos e sites governamentais, com a finalidade de evidenciar a relação “Direito, Tecnologia e Disrupção”.