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1. Corrigendum: Time-Trends in Air Pollution Impact on Health in Italy, 1990–2019: An Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Sara Conti, Carla Fornari, Pietro Ferrara, Ippazio C. Antonazzo, Fabiana Madotto, Eugenio Traini, Miriam Levi, Achille Cernigliaro, Benedetta Armocida, Nicola L. Bragazzi, Ennio Cadum, Michele Carugno, Giacomo Crotti, Silvia Deandrea, Paolo A. Cortesi, Davide Guido, Ivo Iavicoli, Sergio Iavicoli, Carlo La Vecchia, Paolo Lauriola, Paola Michelozzi, Salvatore Scondotto, Massimo Stafoggia, Francesco S. Violante, Cristiana Abbafati, Luciana Albano, Francesco Barone-Adesi, Antonio Biondi, Cristina Bosetti, Danilo Buonsenso, Giulia Carreras, Giulio Castelpietra, Alberico Catapano, Maria S. Cattaruzza, Barbara Corso, Giovanni Damiani, Francesco Esposito, Silvano Gallus, Davide Golinelli, Simon I. Hay, Gaetano Isola, Caterina Ledda, Stefania Mondello, Paolo Pedersini, Umberto Pensato, Norberto Perico, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Francesco Sanmarchi, Rocco Santoro, Biagio Simonetti, Brigid Unim, Marco Vacante, Massimiliano Veroux, Jorge H. Villafañe, Lorenzo Monasta, and Lorenzo G. Mantovani
Subjects: air pollution, particulate matter, ozone, global burden of disease, air quality regulations, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published: 2024
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2. Time-Trends in Air Pollution Impact on Health in Italy, 1990–2019: An Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Sara Conti, Carla Fornari, Pietro Ferrara, Ippazio C. Antonazzo, Fabiana Madotto, Eugenio Traini, Miriam Levi, Achille Cernigliaro, Benedetta Armocida, Nicola L. Bragazzi, Ennio Cadum, Michele Carugno, Giacomo Crotti, Silvia Deandrea, Paolo A. Cortesi, Davide Guido, Ivo Iavicoli, Sergio Iavicoli, Carlo La Vecchia, Paolo Lauriola, Paola Michelozzi, Salvatore Scondotto, Massimo Stafoggia, Francesco S. Violante, Cristiana Abbafati, Luciana Albano, Francesco Barone-Adesi, Antonio Biondi, Cristina Bosetti, Danilo Buonsenso, Giulia Carreras, Giulio Castelpietra, Alberico Catapano, Maria S. Cattaruzza, Barbara Corso, Giovanni Damiani, Francesco Esposito, Silvano Gallus, Davide Golinelli, Simon I. Hay, Gaetano Isola, Caterina Ledda, Stefania Mondello, Paolo Pedersini, Umberto Pensato, Norberto Perico, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Francesco Sanmarchi, Rocco Santoro, Biagio Simonetti, Brigid Unim, Marco Vacante, Massimiliano Veroux, Jorge H. Villafañe, Lorenzo Monasta, and Lorenzo G. Mantovani
Subjects: air pollution, particulate matter, ozone, global burden of disease, air quality regulations, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Objectives: We explored temporal variations in disease burden of ambient particulate matter 2.5 μm or less in diameter (PM2.5) and ozone in Italy using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.Methods: We compared temporal changes and percent variations (95% Uncertainty Intervals [95% UI]) in rates of disability adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost, years lived with disability and mortality from 1990 to 2019, and variations in pollutant-attributable burden with those in the overall burden of each PM2.5- and ozone-related disease.Results: In 2019, 467,000 DALYs (95% UI: 371,000, 570,000) were attributable to PM2.5 and 39,600 (95% UI: 18,300, 61,500) to ozone. The crude DALY rate attributable to PM2.5 decreased by 47.9% (95% UI: 10.3, 65.4) from 1990 to 2019. For ozone, it declined by 37.0% (95% UI: 28.9, 44.5) during 1990–2010, but it increased by 44.8% (95% UI: 35.5, 56.3) during 2010–2019. Age-standardized rates declined more than crude ones.Conclusion: In Italy, the burden of ambient PM2.5 (but not of ozone) significantly decreased, even in concurrence with population ageing. Results suggest a positive impact of air quality regulations, fostering further regulatory efforts.
Published: 2023
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3. The burden of injury in Central, Eastern, and Western European sub-region: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study

Author: Juanita A. Haagsma, Periklis Charalampous, Filippo Ariani, Anne Gallay, Kim Moesgaard Iburg, Evangelia Nena, Che Henry Ngwa, Alexander Rommel, Ausra Zelviene, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, Hanadi Al Hamad, Luciana Albano, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Andrei, Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo, Olatunde Aremu, Ashokan Arumugam, Alok Atreya, Avinash Aujayeb, Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Luchuo Engelbert Bain, Maciej Banach, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Francesco Barone-Adesi, Massimiliano Beghi, Derrick A. Bennett, Akshaya S. Bhagavathula, Félix Carvalho, Giulio Castelpietra, Ledda Caterina, Joht Singh Chandan, Rosa A. S. Couto, Natália Cruz-Martins, Giovanni Damiani, Anna Dastiridou, Andreas K. Demetriades, Diana Dias-da-Silva, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Eduarda Fernandes, Pietro Ferrara, Florian Fischer, Urbano Fra.Paleo, Silvia Ghirini, James C. Glasbey, Ionela-Roxana Glavan, Nelson G. M. Gomes, Michal Grivna, Netanja I. Harlianto, Josep Maria Haro, M. Tasdik Hasan, Sorin Hostiuc, Ivo Iavicoli, Milena D. Ilic, Irena M. Ilic, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Jost B. Jonas, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Mikk Jürisson, Joonas H. Kauppila, Gbenga A. Kayode, Moien A. B. Khan, Adnan Kisa, Sezer Kisa, Ai Koyanagi, Manasi Kumar, Om P. Kurmi, Carlo La-Vecchia, Demetris Lamnisos, Savita Lasrado, Paolo Lauriola, Shai Linn, Joana A. Loureiro, Raimundas Lunevicius, Aurea Madureira-Carvalho, Enkeleint A. Mechili, Azeem Majeed, Ritesh G. Menezes, Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis, Atte Meretoja, Tomislav Mestrovic, Tomasz Miazgowski, Bartosz Miazgowski, Andreea Mirica, Mariam Molokhia, Shafiu Mohammed, Lorenzo Monasta, Francesk Mulita, Mukhammad David Naimzada, Ionut Negoi, Subas Neupane, Bogdan Oancea, Hans Orru, Adrian Otoiu, Nikita Otstavnov, Stanislav S. Otstavnov, Alicia Padron-Monedero, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Shahina Pardhan, Jay Patel, Paolo Pedersini, Marina Pinheiro, Ivo Rakovac, Chythra R. Rao, Salman Rawaf, David Laith Rawaf, Violet Rodrigues, Luca Ronfani, Dominic Sagoe, Francesco Sanmarchi, Milena M. Santric-Milicevic, Brijesh Sathian, Aziz Sheikh, Rahman Shiri, Siddharudha Shivalli, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, Rannveig Sigurvinsdottir, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina, Catalin-Gabriel Smarandache, Bogdan Socea, Raúl A. R. C. Sousa, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Fimka Tozija, Sarah Van de Velde, Tommi Juhani Vasankari, Massimiliano Veroux, Francesco S. Violante, Vasiliy Vlassov, Yanzhong Wang, Ali Yadollahpour, Sanni Yaya, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Anasthasia Zastrozhina, Suzanne Polinder, and Marek Majdan
Subjects: Burden of disease, Injuries, Disability adjusted life years, Mortality, Europe, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Background Injury remains a major concern to public health in the European region. Previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study showed wide variation in injury death and disability adjusted life year (DALY) rates across Europe, indicating injury inequality gaps between sub-regions and countries. The objectives of this study were to: 1) compare GBD 2019 estimates on injury mortality and DALYs across European sub-regions and countries by cause-of-injury category and sex; 2) examine changes in injury DALY rates over a 20 year-period by cause-of-injury category, sub-region and country; and 3) assess inequalities in injury mortality and DALY rates across the countries. Methods We performed a secondary database descriptive study using the GBD 2019 results on injuries in 44 European countries from 2000 to 2019. Inequality in DALY rates between these countries was assessed by calculating the DALY rate ratio between the highest-ranking country and lowest-ranking country in each year. Results In 2019, in Eastern Europe 80 [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 71 to 89] people per 100,000 died from injuries; twice as high compared to Central Europe (38 injury deaths per 100,000; 95% UI 34 to 42) and three times as high compared to Western Europe (27 injury deaths per 100,000; 95%UI 25 to 28). The injury DALY rates showed less pronounced differences between Eastern (5129 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 4547 to 5864), Central (2940 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 2452 to 3546) and Western Europe (1782 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 1523 to 2115). Injury DALY rate was lowest in Italy (1489 DALYs per 100,000) and highest in Ukraine (5553 DALYs per 100,000). The difference in injury DALY rates by country was larger for males compared to females. The DALY rate ratio was highest in 2005, with DALY rate in the lowest-ranking country (Russian Federation) 6.0 times higher compared to the highest-ranking country (Malta). After 2005, the DALY rate ratio between the lowest- and the highest-ranking country gradually decreased to 3.7 in 2019. Conclusions Injury mortality and DALY rates were highest in Eastern Europe and lowest in Western Europe, although differences in injury DALY rates declined rapidly, particularly in the past decade. The injury DALY rate ratio of highest- and lowest-ranking country declined from 2005 onwards, indicating declining inequalities in injuries between European countries.
Published: 2022
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4. The adherence to guidelines for preventing CVC-related infections: a survey among Italian health-care workers

Author: Pietro Ferrara and Luciana Albano
Subjects: Central venous catheters, CLABSIs, Evidence based practices, Guidelines adherence, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Abstract Background Since correct maintenance of intravascular catheters is an effective strategy for preventing central-line infections, the aim of this study was to assess the level of adherence to guidelines for CVC maintenance amongst Italian HCWs. Methods From July 2016 thru January 2017, a cross sectional survey was carried out in a random sample of 549 HCWs working in different hospitals of Campania region (Italy). Results The 68.9% of interviewees returned the questionnaire. Overall, respondents’ level of knowledge about CDC guidelines was low, with only the 20.7% of HCWs acknowledging guidelines main recommendations: the nurse stuff, the availability of hospital internal protocols, the use of guidelines themselves as source of information, and higher number of years of practice were significantly associated with a higher level of knowledge. An extremely positive attitude towards the utility of guidelines for preventing CVC-related infections was shown, with a linear regression model indicating a stronger attitude in physicians, in who knew the CDC main recommendations and correct use of antibiotic ointments, as well as in HCWs needing additional information on the prevention of CVC-related infections. Regarding the behaviors, physicians were more likely to be adherent about recommended evidence-based practices. Two more multivariate logistic and ordinal logistic regression models were built to investigate characteristics associated with correct behavior regarding the removal of catheter dressing if patients have tenderness at insertion site or fever without an obvious source, respectively. Conclusions This study reflected an important lack of evidence-based knowledge and practices regarding the CVC management, highlighting the baseline role of education and training programs, as well as pointing out the role of organizational interventions to address the adherence to best practices for the reduction of CLABSIs.
Published: 2018
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5. Azithromycin Has Been Flying Off the Shelves: The Italian Lesson Learnt from Improper Use of Antibiotics against COVID-19

Author: Pietro Ferrara and Luciana Albano
Subjects: azithromycin, COVID-19, inappropriate prescribing, SARS-CoV-2, syndemic, Italy, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: The warning by the Italian Medicines Agency on the high shortage of azithromycin in the country in January 2022 represents a paradigmatic lesson learnt from improper use of antibiotics during COVID-19 pandemic.
Published: 2022
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6. Meningococcal serogroup B vaccine: Knowledge and acceptability among parents in Italy

Author: Teresa Morrone, Francesco Napolitano, Luciana Albano, and Gabriella Di Giuseppe
Subjects: knowledge, menb vaccine, meningitis, parents’ attitude, vaccination, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes about Meningococcal meningitis B and the relative vaccine for children among a sample of parents in Italy. A cross-sectional investigation was conducted from October to December 2015 among a sample of 910 parents in the geographic area of Naples and Salerno (Italy). In total, 543 of 910 parents returned a completed questionnaire for a response rate of 59.7%. Almost all parents had heard about meningitis (95.8%), 79.8% of these knew the mode of transmission (through respiratory droplets) and 62.5% knew the susceptible population (infants, children and adolescents). Moreover, a large percentage (86%) knew that the vaccine is a preventive measure. Parents who were married, those who had one child, those who did not have information about the MenB vaccine by physicians and those who needed additional information about the MenB vaccine were more likely to know the vaccine as a preventive measure of meningitis. Regarding attitudes toward the MenB vaccine, approximately two thirds of parents considered the vaccine useful (67.2%) and said that they would vaccinate their children (64.1%). Parents who had administered at least one recommended vaccination to their children, those who considered the vaccine useful, those with need for additional information about the vaccine and those who knew that the vaccine was a preventive measure of meningitis were more likely to have a positive attitude to vaccinating their children. Considering the results of our study, it looks appropriate that the knowledge of the population about meningitis and its related vaccinations is improved through correct health education and effective vaccine strategies that are implemented by policy makers.
Published: 2017
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7. Awareness, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Meningococcal B Vaccine among Pediatricians in Italy

Author: Pietro Ferrara, Lucia Stromillo, and Luciana Albano
Subjects: Italian Vaccine Action Plan, meningococcal B vaccine, MenB vaccine, meningitis prevention, pediatricians’ attitudes, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Background and objectives: Vaccination against bacterial pathogens is decisive for preventing invasive meningococcal disease and pediatricians play a pivotal role in vaccination compliance and coverage. The aim of this study was to investigate awareness, attitude, and practices toward the vaccine against Meningococcal B serogroup (4CMenB) among a sample of Italian pediatricians. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using an online questionnaire from March to May 2015. Three multivariate logistic regression models were built to identify factors associated with the outcomes of interest. Results: The data showed that 95.5% of the interviewees correctly responded about the availability of 4CMenB vaccine in Italy, while only 28.0% knew the vaccination schedule for children aged two years or under. This knowledge was significantly higher in younger pediatricians and in those who worked a higher number of hours per week. Pediatricians self-reported a positive attitude toward the utility and safety of 4CMenB vaccine. Those pediatricians with a strong positive attitude toward the utility of the vaccine, who knew the vaccination schedules for children of two years or under, and who declared a satisfactory or good knowledge about the vaccine were more likely to inform parents about its availability in Italy, recommend the vaccination, and verify patients’ vaccination status, in their daily practice. Conclusions: The study highlights factors that currently influence pediatricians’ practices regarding the 4CMenB vaccine. The results showed the possible actions recommended to improve physicians’ awareness and behaviors in order to improve the vaccination compliance and invasive meningococcal diseases prevention.
Published: 2018
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8. Metal‐Organic Layer Delivers 5‐Aminolevulinic Acid and Porphyrin for Dual‐Organelle‐Targeted Photodynamic Therapy

Author: Taokun Luo, Yingjie Fan, Jianming Mao, Xiaomin Jiang, Luciana Albano, Eric Yuan, Tomas Germanas, and Wenbin Lin
Subjects: General Chemistry, General Medicine, Catalysis
Published: 2023
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9. COVID-19 mRNA vaccine safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness in a hospital setting: confronting the challenge

Author: Janet Sultana, Grazia Caci, Giulia Hyeraci, Luciana Albano, Vincenza Gianfredi, RS: CAPHRI - R2 - Creating Value-Based Health Care, and Sociale Geneeskunde
Subjects: Vaccines, Synthetic, COVID-19 Vaccines, BNT162b2 vaccine, SARS-CoV-2, Emergency Medicine, Internal Medicine, COVID-19, Humans, Healthcare workers, mRNA Vaccines, Hospitals, Im - Original
Abstract: This study investigated the response to BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers (HCWs) in an Italian teaching hospital. 444 participants were surveyed with either multiple RT-PCR assays for detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in nasopharyngeal swabs or serology testing for the research of virus-specific immunoglobulins. Adverse events following immunization (AEFI) were reported. Two weeks after the first dose anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies exceeded reactivity cut-off in 82.5% the participants. Four HCWs tested positive at nasopharyngeal swab after 3 months. More than three-quarters reported AEFIs. Our findings offer an insight regarding the vaccine response after 3 months from its administration, with a special focus on effectiveness data, as well as the type and number of AEFIs complained by HCW recipients. The presented study may serve as reference for future research which will be necessary to explore the long-term safety of this vaccine, especially in population at high risk for infection, such as HCWs.
Published: 2022
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10. Redistribution of garbage codes to underlying causes of death: a systematic analysis on Italy and a comparison with most populous Western European countries based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Monasta, Lorenzo, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Pasovic, Maja, Cunningham, Matthew, Armocida, Benedetta, J L Murray, Christopher, Ronfani, Luca, Naghavi, Mohsen, Lorenzo Monasta, Gianfranco Alicandro, Maja Pasovic, Matthew Cunningham, Benedetta Armocida, Luciana Albano, Ettore Beghi, Massimiliano Beghi, Cristina Bosetti, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Giulia Carreras, Giulio Castelpietra, Alberico L Catapano, Maria Sofia Cattaruzza, Giulia Collatuzzo, Sara Conti, Giovanni Damiani, Pietro Ferrara, Carla Fornari, Silvano Gallus, Simona Giampaoli, Davide Golinelli, Gaetano Isola, Paolo Lauriola, Carlo La Vecchia, Matilde Leonardi, Francesca Giulia Magnani, Giada Minelli, Marcello Moccia, Paolo Pedersini, Norberto Perico, Alberto Raggi, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Francesco Sanmarchi, Davide Sattin, Brigid Unim, Jorge Hugo Villafañe, Francesco S Violante, Christopher J L Murray, Luca Ronfani, and Mohsen Naghavi, Lorenzo, Monasta, Gianfranco, Alicandro, Maja, Pasovic, Matthew, Cunningham, Benedetta, Armocida, Christopher, J L Murray, Luca, Ronfani, Mohsen, Naghavi, Monasta, Lorenzo, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Pasovic, Maja, Cunningham, Matthew, Armocida, Benedetta, Albano, Luciana, Beghi, Ettore, Beghi, Massimiliano, Bosetti, Cristina, Luigi Bragazzi, Nicola, Carreras, Giulia, Castelpietra, Giulio, L Catapano, Alberico, Sofia Cattaruzza, Maria, Collatuzzo, Giulia, Conti, Sara, Damiani, Giovanni, Ferrara, Pietro, Fornari, Carla, Gallus, Silvano, Giampaoli, Simona, Golinelli, Davide, Isola, Gaetano, Lauriola, Paolo, La Vecchia, Carlo, Leonardi, Matilde, Giulia Magnani, Francesca, Minelli, Giada, Moccia, Marcello, Pedersini, Paolo, Perico, Norberto, Raggi, Alberto, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Sanmarchi, Francesco, Sattin, Davide, Unim, Brigid, Hugo Villafañe, Jorge, S Violante, Francesco, L Murray, Christopher J, Ronfani, Luca, Mohsen Naghavi, And, Monasta, L, Alicandro, G, Pasovic, M, Cunningham, M, Armocida, B, Albano, L, Beghi, E, Beghi, M, Conti, S, Ferrara, P, and Fornari, C
Subjects: diabetes mellitus type 2, garbage, analysis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, causes of death, garbage codes, Global Health, italy global burden of disease, Global Burden of Disease, Stroke, ischemic stroke, heterogeneity, glasgow coma scale, diabetes mellitus, type 2, Cause of Death, italy, Humans, Algorithms
Abstract: Background The proportion of reported causes of death (CoDs) that are not underlying causes can be relevant even in high-income countries and seriously affect health planning. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study identifies these ‘garbage codes’ (GCs) and redistributes them to underlying causes using evidence-based algorithms. Planners relying on vital registration data will find discrepancies with GBD estimates. We analyse these discrepancies, through the analysis of GCs and their redistribution. Methods We explored the case of Italy, at national and regional level, and compared it to nine other Western European countries with similar population sizes. We analysed differences between official data and GBD 2019 estimates, for the period 1990–2017 for which we had vital registration data for most select countries. Results In Italy, in 2017, 33 000 deaths were attributed to unspecified type of stroke and 15 000 to unspecified type of diabetes, these making a fourth of the overall garbage. Significant heterogeneity exists on the overall proportion of GCs, type (unspecified or impossible underlying causes), and size of specific GCs among regions in Italy, and among the select countries. We found no pattern between level of garbage and relevance of specific GCs. Even locations performing below average show interesting lower levels for certain GCs if compared to better performing countries. Conclusions This systematic analysis suggests the heterogeneity in GC levels and causes, paired with a more detailed analysis of local practices, strengths and weaknesses, could be a positive element in a strategy for the reduction of GCs in Italy.
Published: 2022

11. Age–sex differences in the global burden of lower respiratory infections and risk factors, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, Avina Vongpradith, Sarah Brooke Sirota, Amanda Novotney, Christopher E Troeger, Matthew C Doxey, Rose G Bender, Jorge R Ledesma, Molly H Biehl, Samuel B Albertson, Joseph Jon Frostad, Katrin Burkart, Fiona B Bennitt, Jeff T Zhao, William M Gardner, Hailey Hagins, Dana Bryazka, Regina-Mae Villanueva Dominguez, Semagn Mekonnen Abate, Michael Abdelmasseh, Amir Abdoli, Gholamreza Abdoli, Aidin Abedi, Vida Abedi, Tadesse M Abegaz, Hassan Abidi, Richard Gyan Aboagye, Hassan Abolhassani, Yonas Derso Abtew, Hiwa Abubaker Ali, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Ahmed Abu-Zaid, Kidist Adamu, Isaac Yeboah Addo, Oyelola A Adegboye, Mohammad Adnan, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Saira Afzal, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Aqeel Ahmad, Araz Ramazan Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Ali Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmadi, Haroon Ahmed, Jivan Qasim Ahmed, Tarik Ahmed Rashid, Mostafa Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, Hanadi Al Hamad, Luciana Albano, Mamoon A Aldeyab, Bezatu Mengistie Alemu, Kefyalew Addis Alene, Abdelazeem M Algammal, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji Alhalaiqa, Robert Kaba Alhassan, Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali, Liaqat Ali, Musa Mohammed Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Yousef Alimohamadi, Vahid Alipour, Adel Al-Jumaily, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Sami Almustanyir, Rajaa M Al-Raddadi, Rami H Hani Al-Rifai, Saif Aldeen S AlRyalat, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk, Edward Kwabena Ameyaw, Javad Javad Aminian Dehkordi, John H Amuasi, Dickson A Amugsi, Etsay Woldu Anbesu, Adnan Ansar, Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor, Jalal Arabloo, Demelash Areda, Ayele Mamo Argaw, Zeleke Gebru Argaw, Judie Arulappan, Raphael Taiwo Aruleba, Mulusew A Asemahagn, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Daniel Atlaw, Engi F Attia, Sameh Attia, Avinash Aujayeb, Tewachew Awoke, Tegegn Mulatu Ayana, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Sina Azadnajafabad, Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy, Samad Azari, Amirhossein Azari Jafari, Muhammad Badar, Ashish D Badiye, Nayereh Baghcheghi, Sara Bagherieh, Atif Amin Baig, Maciej Banach, Indrajit Banerjee, Mainak Bardhan, Francesco Barone-Adesi, Hiba Jawdat Barqawi, Amadou Barrow, Azadeh Bashiri, Quique Bassat, Abdul-Monim Mohammad Batiha, Abate Bekele Belachew, Melaku Ashagrie Belete, Uzma Iqbal Belgaumi, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Parth Bhatt, Vijayalakshmi S Bhojaraja, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Soumitra S Bhuyan, Ali Bijani, Saeid Bitaraf, Belay Boda Abule Bodicha, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, Danilo Buonsenso, Muhammad Hammad Butt, Jiao Cai, Paulo Camargos, Luis Alberto Cámera, Promit Ananyo Chakraborty, Muluken Genetu Chanie, Jaykaran Charan, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Patrick R Ching, Sungchul Choi, Yuen Yu Chong, Sonali Gajanan Choudhari, Enayet Karim Chowdhury, Devasahayam J Christopher, Dinh-Toi Chu, Natalie L Cobb, Aaron J Cohen, Natália Cruz-Martins, Omid Dadras, Fentaw Teshome Dagnaw, Xiaochen Dai, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, An Thi Minh Dao, Sisay Abebe Debela, Biniyam Demisse, Fitsum Wolde Demisse, Solomon Demissie, Diriba Dereje, Hardik Dineshbhai Desai, Abebaw Alemayehu Desta, Belay Desye, Sameer Dhingra, Nancy Diao, Daniel Diaz, Lankamo Ena Digesa, Linh Phuong Doan, Milad Dodangeh, Deepa Dongarwar, Fariba Dorostkar, Wendel Mombaque dos Santos, Haneil Larson Dsouza, Eleonora Dubljanin, Oyewole Christopher Durojaiye, Hisham Atan Edinur, Elham Ehsani-Chimeh, Ebrahim Eini, Michael Ekholuenetale, Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo, Eman D El Desouky, Iman El Sayed, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Muhammed Elhadi, Ahmed Mahmoud Rabie Elkhapery, Amir Emami, Luchuo Engelbert Bain, Ryenchindorj Erkhembayar, Farshid Etaee, Mohamad Ezati Asar, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, Shahab Falahi, Aida Fallahzadeh, Anwar Faraj, Emerito Jose A Faraon, Ali Fatehizadeh, Pietro Ferrara, Allegra Allegra Ferrari, Getahun Fetensa, Florian Fischer, Joanne Flavel, Masoud Foroutan, Peter Andras Gaal, Abhay Motiramji Gaidhane, Santosh Gaihre, Nasrin Galehdar, Alberto L Garcia-Basteiro, Tushar Garg, Mesfin Damtew Gebrehiwot, Mathewos Alemu Gebremichael, Yibeltal Yismaw Gela, Belete Negese Belete Gemeda, Bradford D Gessner, Melaku Getachew, Asmare Getie, Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari, Mohammad Ghasemi Nour, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Ali Gholamrezanezhad, Abdolmajid Gholizadeh, Rakesh Ghosh, Sherief Ghozy, Pouya Goleij, Mohamad Golitaleb, Giuseppe Gorini, Alessandra C Goulart, Girma Garedew Goyomsa, Habtamu Alganeh Guadie, Zewdie Gudisa, Rashid Abdi Guled, Sapna Gupta, Veer Bala Gupta, Vivek Kumar Gupta, Alemu Guta, Parham Habibzadeh, Arvin Haj-Mirzaian, Rabih Halwani, Samer Hamidi, Md Abdul Hannan, Mehdi Harorani, Ahmed I Hasaballah, Hamidreza Hasani, Abbas M Hassan, Shokoufeh Hassani, Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam, Hadi Hassankhani, Khezar Hayat, Behzad Heibati, Mohammad Heidari, Demisu Zenbaba Heyi, Kamal Hezam, Ramesh Holla, Sung Hwi Hong, Nobuyuki Horita, Mohammad-Salar Hosseini, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mihaela Hostiuc, Mowafa Househ, Soodabeh Hoveidamanesh, Junjie Huang, Nawfal R Hussein, Ivo Iavicoli, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Kevin S Ikuta, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Irena M Ilic, Milena D Ilic, 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S., Zeng, W., Zhang, M., Zhang, Z. -J., Zhong, C., Zoladl, M., Zumla, A., Lim, S. S., Vos, T., Naghavi, M., Brauer, M., Hay, S. I., Murray, C. J. L., University of St Andrews. School of Medicine, University of St Andrews. 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D, Anbesu, E, Ansar, A, Anyasodor, A, Arabloo, J, Areda, D, Argaw, A, Argaw, Z, Arulappan, J, Aruleba, R, Asemahagn, M, Athari, S, Atlaw, D, Attia, E, Attia, S, Aujayeb, A, Awoke, T, Ayana, T, Ayanore, M, Azadnajafabad, S, Azangou-Khyavy, M, Azari, S, Azari Jafari, A, Badar, M, Badiye, A, Baghcheghi, N, Bagherieh, S, Baig, A, Banach, M, Banerjee, I, Bardhan, M, Barone-Adesi, F, Barqawi, H, Barrow, A, Bashiri, A, Bassat, Q, Batiha, A, Belachew, A, Belete, M, Belgaumi, U, Bhagavathula, A, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhatt, P, Bhojaraja, V, Bhutta, Z, Bhuyan, S, Bijani, A, Bitaraf, S, Bodicha, B, Briko, N, Buonsenso, D, Butt, M, Cai, J, Camargos, P, Camera, L, Chakraborty, P, Chanie, M, Charan, J, Chattu, V, Ching, P, Choi, S, Chong, Y, Choudhari, S, Chowdhury, E, Christopher, D, Chu, D, Cobb, N, Cohen, A, Cruz-Martins, N, Dadras, O, Dagnaw, F, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dao, A, Debela, S, Demisse, B, Demisse, F, Demissie, S, Dereje, D, Desai, H, Desta, A, Desye, B, Dhingra, S, Diao, N, Diaz, D, Digesa, L, Doan, L, Dodangeh, M, Dongarwar, D, Dorostkar, F, dos Santos, W, Dsouza, H, Dubljanin, E, Durojaiye, O, Edinur, H, Ehsani-Chimeh, E, Eini, E, Ekholuenetale, M, Ekundayo, T, El Desouky, E, El Sayed, I, El Sayed Zaki, M, Elhadi, M, Elkhapery, A, Emami, A, Engelbert Bain, L, Erkhembayar, R, Etaee, F, Ezati Asar, M, Fagbamigbe, A, Falahi, S, Fallahzadeh, A, Faraj, A, Faraon, E, Fatehizadeh, A, Ferrara, P, Ferrari, A, Fetensa, G, Fischer, F, Flavel, J, Foroutan, M, Gaal, P, Gaidhane, A, Gaihre, S, Galehdar, N, Garcia-Basteiro, A, Garg, T, Gebrehiwot, M, Gebremichael, M, Gela, Y, Gemeda, B, Gessner, B, Getachew, M, Getie, A, Ghamari, S, Ghasemi Nour, M, Ghashghaee, A, Gholamrezanezhad, A, Gholizadeh, A, Ghosh, R, Ghozy, S, Goleij, P, Golitaleb, M, Gorini, G, Goulart, A, Goyomsa, G, Guadie, H, Gudisa, Z, Guled, R, Gupta, S, Gupta, V, Guta, A, Habibzadeh, P, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Halwani, R, Hamidi, S, Hannan, M, Harorani, M, Hasaballah, A, Hasani, H, Hassan, A, Hassani, S, Hassanian-Moghaddam, H, Hassankhani, H, Hayat, K, Heibati, B, Heidari, M, Heyi, D, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hong, S, Horita, N, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Househ, M, Hoveidamanesh, S, Huang, J, Hussein, N, Iavicoli, I, Ibitoye, S, Ikuta, K, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Immurana, M, Ismail, N, Iwagami, M, Jaafari, J, Jamshidi, E, Jang, S, Javadi Mamaghani, A, Javaheri, T, Javanmardi, F, Javidnia, J, Jayapal, S, Jayarajah, U, Jayaram, S, Jema, A, Jeong, W, Jonas, J, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, J, K, V, Kabir, Z, Kacimi, S, Kadashetti, V, Kalankesh, L, Kalhor, R, Kamath, A, Kamble, B, Kandel, H, Kanko, T, Karaye, I, Karch, A, Karkhah, S, Kassa, B, Katoto, P, Kaur, H, Kaur, R, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Keykhaei, M, Khader, Y, Khajuria, H, Khan, E, Khan, G, Khan, I, Khan, M, Khan, Y, Khatatbeh, M, Khosravifar, M, Khubchandani, J, Kim, M, Kimokoti, R, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kissoon, N, Knibbs, L, Kochhar, S, Kompani, F, Koohestani, H, Korshunov, V, Kosen, S, Koul, P, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Kuate Defo, B, Kumar, G, Kurmi, O, Kuttikkattu, A, Lal, D, Lam, J, Landires, I, Ledda, C, Lee, S, Levi, M, Lewycka, S, Liu, G, Liu, W, Lodha, R, Lorenzovici, L, Lotfi, M, Loureiro, J, Madadizadeh, F, Mahmoodpoor, A, Mahmoudi, R, Mahmoudimanesh, M, Majidpoor, J, Makki, A, Malakan Rad, E, Malik, A, Mallhi, T, Manla, Y, Matei, C, Mathioudakis, A, Maude, R, Mehrabi Nasab, E, Melese, A, Memish, Z, Mendoza-Cano, O, Mentis, A, Meretoja, T, Merid, M, Mestrovic, T, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sa, A, Mijena, G, Minh, L, Mir, S, Mirfakhraie, R, Mirmoeeni, S, Mirza, A, Mirza, M, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, M, Misganaw, A, Mohammadi, E, Mohammadi, M, Mohammed, A, Mohammed, S, Mohan, S, Mohseni, M, Moka, N, Mokdad, A, Momtazmanesh, S, Monasta, L, Moniruzzaman, M, Montazeri, F, Moore, C, Moradi, A, Morawska, L, Mosser, J, Mostafavi, E, Motaghinejad, M, Mousavi Isfahani, H, Mousavi-Aghdas, S, Mubarik, S, Murillo-Zamora, E, Mustafa, G, Nair, S, Nair, T, Najafi, H, Naqvi, A, Narasimha Swamy, S, Natto, Z, Nayak, B, Nejadghaderi, S, Nguyen, H, Niazi, R, Nogueira de Sa, A, Nouraei, H, Nowroozi, A, Nunez-Samudio, V, Nzoputam, C, Nzoputam, O, Oancea, B, Ochir, C, Odukoya, O, Okati-Aliabad, H, Okekunle, A, Okonji, O, Olagunju, A, Olufadewa, I, Omar Bali, A, Omer, E, Oren, E, Ota, E, Otstavnov, N, Oulhaj, A, P A, M, Padubidri, J, Pakshir, K, Pakzad, R, Palicz, T, Pandey, A, Pant, S, Pardhan, S, Park, E, Pashazadeh Kan, F, Paudel, R, Pawar, S, Peng, M, Pereira, G, Perna, S, Perumalsamy, N, Petcu, I, Pigott, D, Piracha, Z, Podder, V, Polibin, R, Postma, M, Pourasghari, H, Pourtaheri, N, Qadir, M, Raad, M, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Raeghi, S, Rafiei, A, Rahim, F, Rahimi, M, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, A, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Rahmanian, V, Ram, P, Ramezanzadeh, K, Rana, J, Ranasinghe, P, Rani, U, Rao, S, Rashedi, S, Rashidi, M, Rasul, A, Ratan, Z, Rawaf, D, Rawaf, S, Rawassizadeh, R, Razeghinia, M, Redwan, E, Reitsma, M, Renzaho, A, Rezaeian, M, Riad, A, Rikhtegar, R, Rodriguez, J, Rogowski, E, Ronfani, L, Rudd, K, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Saeed, U, Safary, A, Safi, S, Sahebazzamani, M, Sahebkar, A, Sakhamuri, S, Salehi, S, Salman, M, Samadi Kafil, H, Samy, A, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sao Jose, B, Sarkhosh, M, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Saya, G, Seidu, A, Seylani, A, Shaheen, A, Shaikh, M, Shaker, E, Shamshad, H, Sharew, M, Sharhani, A, Sharifi, A, Sharma, P, Sheidaei, A, Shenoy, S, Shetty, J, Shiferaw, D, Shigematsu, M, Shin, J, Shirzad-Aski, H, Shivakumar, K, Shivalli, S, Shobeiri, P, Simegn, W, Simpson, C, Singh, H, Singh, J, Singh, P, Siwal, S, Skryabin, V, Skryabina, A, Soltani-Zangbar, M, Song, S, Song, Y, Sood, P, Sreeramareddy, C, Steiropoulos, P, Suleman, M, Tabatabaeizadeh, S, Tahamtan, A, Taheri, M, Taheri Soodejani, M, Taki, E, Talaat, I, Tampa, M, Tandukar, S, Tat, N, Tat, V, Tefera, Y, Temesgen, G, Temsah, M, Tesfaye, A, Tesfaye, D, Tessema, B, Thapar, R, Ticoalu, J, Tiyuri, A, Tleyjeh, I, Togtmol, M, Tovani-Palone, M, Tufa, D, Ullah, I, Upadhyay, E, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Valdez, P, Valizadeh, R, Vardavas, C, Vasankari, T, Vo, B, Vu, L, Wagaye, B, Waheed, Y, Wang, Y, Waris, A, West, T, Wickramasinghe, N, Xu, X, Yaghoubi, S, Yahya, G, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yon, D, Yonemoto, N, Zaman, B, Zandifar, A, Zangiabadian, M, Zar, H, Zare, I, Zareshahrabadi, Z, Zarrintan, A, Zastrozhin, M, Zeng, W, Zhang, M, Zhang, Z, Zhong, C, Zoladl, M, Zumla, A, Lim, S, Vos, T, Naghavi, M, Brauer, M, Hay, S, Murray, C, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Oncology
Subjects: Adult, Male, Global Health, Time, Global Burden of Disease, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Risk Factors, RA0421, RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine, Humans, Ambient air-quality, Child, Respiratory Tract Infections, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, MCC, Sex Characteristics, Malnutrition, Pyridinolcarbamate, Bayes Theorem, 3rd-DAS, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, Infectious Diseases, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Child, Preschool, Female, Particulate Matter, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Covid-19, LRI
Abstract: Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Background: The global burden of lower respiratory infections (LRIs) and corresponding risk factors in children older than 5 years and adults has not been studied as comprehensively as it has been in children younger than 5 years. We assessed the burden and trends of LRIs and risk factors across all age groups by sex, for 204 countries and territories. Methods: In this analysis of data for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we used clinician-diagnosed pneumonia or bronchiolitis as our case definition for LRIs. We included International Classification of Diseases 9th edition codes 079.6, 466–469, 470.0, 480–482.8, 483.0–483.9, 484.1–484.2, 484.6–484.7, and 487–489 and International Classification of Diseases 10th edition codes A48.1, A70, B97.4–B97.6, J09–J15.8, J16–J16.9, J20–J21.9, J91.0, P23.0–P23.4, and U04–U04.9. We used the Cause of Death Ensemble modelling strategy to analyse 23 109 site-years of vital registration data, 825 site-years of sample vital registration data, 1766 site-years of verbal autopsy data, and 681 site-years of mortality surveillance data. We used DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, to analyse age–sex-specific incidence and prevalence data identified via systematic reviews of the literature, population-based survey data, and claims and inpatient data. Additionally, we estimated age–sex-specific LRI mortality that is attributable to the independent effects of 14 risk factors. Findings: Globally, in 2019, we estimated that there were 257 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 240–275) LRI incident episodes in males and 232 million (217–248) in females. In the same year, LRIs accounted for 1·30 million (95% UI 1·18–1·42) male deaths and 1·20 million (1·07–1·33) female deaths. Age-standardised incidence and mortality rates were 1·17 times (95% UI 1·16–1·18) and 1·31 times (95% UI 1·23–1·41) greater in males than in females in 2019. Between 1990 and 2019, LRI incidence and mortality rates declined at different rates across age groups and an increase in LRI episodes and deaths was estimated among all adult age groups, with males aged 70 years and older having the highest increase in LRI episodes (126·0% [95% UI 121·4–131·1]) and deaths (100·0% [83·4–115·9]). During the same period, LRI episodes and deaths in children younger than 15 years were estimated to have decreased, and the greatest decline was observed for LRI deaths in males younger than 5 years (–70·7% [–77·2 to –61·8]). The leading risk factors for LRI mortality varied across age groups and sex. More than half of global LRI deaths in children younger than 5 years were attributable to child wasting (population attributable fraction [PAF] 53·0% [95% UI 37·7–61·8] in males and 56·4% [40·7–65·1] in females), and more than a quarter of LRI deaths among those aged 5–14 years were attributable to household air pollution (PAF 26·0% [95% UI 16·6–35·5] for males and PAF 25·8% [16·3–35·4] for females). PAFs of male LRI deaths attributed to smoking were 20·4% (95% UI 15·4–25·2) in those aged 15–49 years, 30·5% (24·1–36·9) in those aged 50–69 years, and 21·9% (16·8–27·3) in those aged 70 years and older. PAFs of female LRI deaths attributed to household air pollution were 21·1% (95% UI 14·5–27·9) in those aged 15–49 years and 18·2% (12·5–24·5) in those aged 50–69 years. For females aged 70 years and older, the leading risk factor, ambient particulate matter, was responsible for 11·7% (95% UI 8·2–15·8) of LRI deaths. Interpretation: The patterns and progress in reducing the burden of LRIs and key risk factors for mortality varied across age groups and sexes. The progress seen in children younger than 5 years was clearly a result of targeted interventions, such as vaccination and reduction of exposure to risk factors. Similar interventions for other age groups could contribute to the achievement of multiple Sustainable Development Goals targets, including promoting wellbeing at all ages and reducing health inequalities. Interventions, including addressing risk factors such as child wasting, smoking, ambient particulate matter pollution, and household air pollution, would prevent deaths and reduce health disparities. Publisher PDF
Published: 2022

12. Estimates of Cancer Mortality Attributable to Carcinogenic Infections in Italy

Author: Josep Maria Ramon-Torrell, Luciana Albano, Pietro Ferrara, Lorenzo G. Mantovani, Sara Conti, Fernando Agüero, Cristina Masuet-Aumatell, Ferrara, P, Conti, S, Aguero, F, Albano, L, Masuet-Aumatell, C, Ramon-Torrell, J, and Mantovani, L
Subjects: Male, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Population, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Article, Helicobacter Infections, Causes of cancer, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, Environmental health, Epidemiology of cancer, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, Carcinogenic infection, carcinogenic infections, Hepatitis B virus, education.field_of_study, Cancer prevention, Helicobacter pylori, cancer prevention, biology, business.industry, allergology, Papillomavirus Infections, lcsh:R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Cancer, burden of cancer mortality, Hepatitis B, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Hepatitis C, DNA Virus Infections, Italy, cancer etiology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, modifiable risk factors, Female, business, Modifiable risk factor, Cancer Etiology, cancer epidemiology
Abstract: Several infectious agents are ascertained causes of cancer, but the burden of cancer mortality attributable to carcinogenic infections in Italy is still unknown. To tackle this issue, we calculated the rate and regional distribution of cancer deaths due to infections sustained by seven pathogens ranked as group 1 carcinogenic agents in humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Population attributable fractions related to these agents were applied to annual statistics of cancer deaths coded according to the 10th International Classification of Diseases. The estimated burden of cancer mortality attributable to carcinogenic infections in Italy during the period 2011&ndash, 2015 was 8.7% of all cancer deaths registered yearly, on average. Approximately 60% of deaths occurred in men, and almost the whole burden was due to four infectious agents (Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis C virus, high-risk human papillomavirus, and hepatitis B virus). The analysis of regional distribution showed a higher number of infection-related cancer deaths in the northern regions, where the estimates reached 30 (Liguria) and 28 (Friuli Venezia Giulia) deaths per 100,000 inhabitants in 2015. Since one-twelfth of cancer deaths were attributable to these modifiable risk factors, the implementation of appropriate prevention and treatment interventions may help to reduce the impact of these infections on cancer mortality.
Published: 2020
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13. Does age have an impact on acute mountain sickness? A systematic review

Author: Buddha Basnyat, Luciana Albano, Vincenza Gianfredi, Pietro Ferrara, Gianfredi, V, Albano, L, Basnyat, B, Ferrara, P, Gianfredi, V., Albano, L., Basnyat, B., and Ferrara, P.
Subjects: Gerontology, medicine.medical_specialty, 030231 tropical medicine, Protective factor, MEDLINE, Altitude Sickness, elderly, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, altitude sickne, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Travel medicine, acute mountain sickne, 030212 general & internal medicine, older traveller, Risk factor, Child, Contraindication, Altitude sickness, Aged, Travel, business.industry, altitude sickness, General Medicine, travel medicine, Effects of high altitude on humans, medicine.disease, Europe, Systematic review, ageing, older travellers, Acute Disease, acute mountain sickness, business
Abstract: Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is the most common form of illness at high altitude; however, it is still unclear whether age is a protective factor or a risk factor for the development of AMS in travellers. In recent decades, the number of travellers aged 60 years or older is increasing. Thus, the care of older travellers is a long-standing issue in travel medicine. This study aims to systematically review the current state of knowledge related to the effect of old age on the risk of AMS. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used, and the following databases were consulted: PubMed/Medline, Embase, Europe PubMed Central (EuropePMC), World Health Organization Library Database (WHOLIS) and Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). The search yielded a total of 532 articles, of which 25 met the inclusion criteria, corresponding to 26 reports. Although the approaches, methods and quality were heterogeneous among the included studies, 12 reported a negative correlation between AMS prevalence and age, 11 detected no relationship and three papers indicated that the age of AMS subjects was significantly higher than controls. Despite these differences, old age does not seem to be a contraindication for travelling at high altitude. Thus, the presented synthesis will be useful for health professionals in travel medicine to better tailor their appropriate care for older adults who travel to destinations at high altitude.
Published: 2020

14. Alcohol consumption in a sample of Italian healthcare workers: A cross-sectional study

Author: Francesco Serra, Luciana Albano, Pietro Ferrara, Antonio Arnese, Albano, L, Ferrara, P, Serra, F, and Arnese, A
Subjects: Blood Glucose, Male, Cross-sectional study, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, occupational medicine, Blood Pressure, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, Liver Function Tests, Risk Factors, Health care, General Environmental Science, education.field_of_study, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Age Factors, Middle Aged, Lipids, 030210 environmental & occupational health, Test (assessment), Italy, Female, Alcohol, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Alcohol Drinking, Health Personnel, education, Population, preventive medicine, Occupational medicine, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, healthcare worker, Environmental health, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, Occupational Health, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Preventive healthcare, Consumption (economics), business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, health service research, hazardous drinking, Cross-Sectional Studies, Logistic Models, Socioeconomic Factors, business
Abstract: Since previous evidence suggested a risky alcohol consumption among healthcare workers (HCW), this study aimed to investigate the patterns of alcohol use in a sample of HCWs in Italy, through the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT-C). Overall, 639 HCWs participated in the study. 43.8% of them reported a score of 0 at AUDIT-C test. Drinkers were divided into "low-risk" and "at-/high-risk," being respectively the 47.1% and 9.1% of the whole sample. There were significant differences between abstainers and drinkers, and between low-risk and at-/high-risk drinkers. In the multivariate logistic regression model, being younger, male, and physicians was associated with the profile of regular alcohol drinkers. A high risk AUDIT-C score was more likely in older and female HCWs. Briefly, this study confirmed the hypothesis of a risky level of drinking in HCWs. Educational preventive measures should be implemented to reduce alcohol consumption in this population.
Published: 2020

15. Could fractional mRNA COVID-19 vaccines reduce myocarditis in adolescents?

Author: Pietro Ferrara, Luciana Albano, Albano, L, and Ferrara, P
Subjects: 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Messenger RNA, COVID-19 Vaccines, Myocarditis, Adolescent, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, medicine.disease, Virology, Article, Infectious Diseases, Correspondence, medicine, Humans, RNA, Messenger, business, COVID-19 vaccine
Published: 2021
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16. Meningococcal serogroup B vaccine: Knowledge and acceptability among parents in Italy

Author: Gabriella Di Giuseppe, Teresa Morrone, Luciana Albano, Francesco Napolitano, Morrone, T, Napolitano, F, Albano, Luciana, and DI GIUSEPPE, Gabriella
Subjects: Adult, Male, Parents, 0301 basic medicine, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, knowledge, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Population, parents’ attitude, Meningococcal Vaccines, Meningitis, Meningococcal, Serogroup, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, Pharmacology, Response rate (survey), education.field_of_study, Geographic area, Immunization Programs, Transmission (medicine), business.industry, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, vaccination, medicine.disease, Research Papers, meningiti, Vaccination, MenB vaccine, Cross-Sectional Studies, Italy, Family medicine, Meningococcal meningitis, Female, Health education, business, Meningitis
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes about Meningococcal meningitis B and the relative vaccine for children among a sample of parents in Italy. A cross-sectional investigation was conducted from October to December 2015 among a sample of 910 parents in the geographic area of Naples and Salerno (Italy). In total, 543 of 910 parents returned a completed questionnaire for a response rate of 59.7%. Almost all parents had heard about meningitis (95.8%), 79.8% of these knew the mode of transmission (through respiratory droplets) and 62.5% knew the susceptible population (infants, children and adolescents). Moreover, a large percentage (86%) knew that the vaccine is a preventive measure. Parents who were married, those who had one child, those who did not have information about the MenB vaccine by physicians and those who needed additional information about the MenB vaccine were more likely to know the vaccine as a preventive measure of meningitis. Regarding attitudes toward the MenB vaccine, approximately two thirds of parents considered the vaccine useful (67.2%) and said that they would vaccinate their children (64.1%). Parents who had administered at least one recommended vaccination to their children, those who considered the vaccine useful, those with need for additional information about the vaccine and those who knew that the vaccine was a preventive measure of meningitis were more likely to have a positive attitude to vaccinating their children. Considering the results of our study, it looks appropriate that the knowledge of the population about meningitis and its related vaccinations is improved through correct health education and effective vaccine strategies that are implemented by policy makers.
Published: 2017
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17. COVID-19 and healthcare systems: What should we do next?

Author: Luciana Albano, Pietro Ferrara, Ferrara, P, and Albano, L
Subjects: 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine, COVID-19, General Medicine, Medical emergency, medicine.disease, business, Article, Healthcare system
Published: 2020
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18. Seafarers' perceptions of job demand: A cross-sectional study

Author: Antonio Arnese, Luciana Albano, Pietro Ferrara, Lucia Stromillo, Luisa Maria Roberta Tedesco, Tedesco, L, Ferrara, P, Stromillo, L, Arnese, A, Albano, L, Tedesco, Luisa Maria Roberta, Ferrara, Pietro, Stromillo, Lucia, Arnese, Antonio, and Albano, Luciana
Subjects: Adult, Male, Cross-sectional study, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Workload, Toxicology, Logistic regression, seafaring, 03 medical and health sciences, Occupational Stress, 0302 clinical medicine, Job strain, work health, Environmental health, Perception, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, Ship, Ships, General Environmental Science, media_common, Cross-Sectional Studie, education.field_of_study, Stressor, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Occupational Stre, Middle Aged, 030210 environmental & occupational health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Italy, Female, Occupational stress, Psychology, Human
Abstract: The study offers an insight regarding seafarers' perceptions towards factors of psychological distress on board. In order to identify stressors on sea-workers, a cross-sectional survey was conducted, targeting a population group of workers of Italian shipping companies sailing across the world. The research aimed to investigate workers' demographic and professional characteristics and in what ways them influence perception of job fatigue, using an Italian version of the Karasek questionnaire. The 80.1% of the involved seafarers returned the questionnaire, yielding a mean level of perceived job demand of 32.8 points and a mean level of perceived decision latitude of 65.5 points; 37.2% of interviewers stated a scarce level of decision latitude. The results of the multivariate logistic regression models allowed to assess the seafarers' characteristics related to their perception of job strain. These results confirm the need of measures that prevent stressor factors in maritime workers.
Published: 2018

19. Parental knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards influenza A/H1N1 in Italy

Author: Luciana Albano, Italo F. Angelillo, Maria Lino, Gabriella Di Giuseppe, Lino, M, DI GIUSEPPE, Gabriella, Albano, Luciana, and Angelillo, Italo Francesco
Subjects: Adult, Male, Parents, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Health Behavior, Population, Logistic regression, law.invention, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Risk Factors, law, Surveys and Questionnaires, Bayesian multivariate linear regression, Influenza, Human, Health care, Humans, Medicine, education, Aged, Response rate (survey), education.field_of_study, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, virus diseases, Influenza a, Middle Aged, Risk perception, Cross-Sectional Studies, Transmission (mechanics), Italy, Socioeconomic Factors, Regression Analysis, Female, business, Demography
Abstract: Background: This study assesses the level of knowledge, the attitudes and the behaviours relating to influenza A/H1N1 among parents in Italy. Methods: A random sample of 1299 parents aged 26–65 years received a self-reported questionnaire including questions about socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge on modes of transmission and preventative measures, attitudes and behaviours relating to influenza A/H1N1. Results: A total of 781 subjects participated with a response rate of 60.1%. Only 32.3% of the respondents correctly identified the main modes of transmission and the main preventative measures, and the results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that this knowledge was significantly higher in those with a higher level of education and working as health-care personnel. The average level of perceived risk of contracting influenza A/H1N1 was 4.6 and the multivariate linear regression model showed that a greater perceived risk was significantly associated with being unmarried, having more than one son, not working in the health-care setting and needing additional information about influenza A/H1N1. Less than one-third (28.8%) of the respondents had visited a physician at least once in 2 months preceding the survey for any reason related to the influenza A/H1N1 and the multivariate logistic regression model indicated that females and those with more than one son were more likely to have a visit. Conclusion: Knowledge about influenza A/H1N1 is poor and the results could have significant implications for information provision and the targeting of future education programmes to this population.
Published: 2012

20. A survey of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards avian influenza in an adult population of Italy

Author: Rossella Abbate, Italo F. Angelillo, Paolo Marinelli, Luciana Albano, Gabriella Di Giuseppe, DI GIUSEPPE, Gabriella, Abbate, R., Albano, Luciana, Marinelli, P., and Angelillo, Italo Francesco
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Cross-sectional study, Food Handling, Health Behavior, Psychological intervention, medicine.disease_cause, law.invention, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Birds, law, Risk Factors, Environmental health, Surveys and Questionnaires, Influenza, Human, medicine, Animals, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Socioeconomic status, Aged, Response rate (survey), Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype, business.industry, Public health, Middle Aged, Health Surveys, Influenza A virus subtype H5N1, Risk perception, Infectious Diseases, Transmission (mechanics), Cross-Sectional Studies, Italy, Socioeconomic Factors, Influenza in Birds, Regression Analysis, Female, avian influenza, business, Research Article
Abstract: Background Several public health strategic interventions are required for effective prevention and control of avian influenza (AI) and it is necessary to create a communication plan to keep families adequately informed on how to avoid or reduce exposure. This investigation determined the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors relating to AI among an adult population in Italy. Methods From December 2005 to February 2006 a random sample of 1020 adults received a questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of transmission and prevention about AI, attitudes towards AI, behaviors regarding use of preventive measures and food-handling practices, and sources of information about AI. Results A response rate of 67% was achieved. Those in higher socioeconomic classes were more likely to identify the modes of transmission and the animals' vehicles for AI. Those older, who knew the modes of transmission and the animals' vehicles for AI, and who still need information, were more likely to know that washing hands soap before and after touching raw poultry meat and using gloves is recommended to avoid spreading of AI through food. The risk of being infected was significantly higher in those from lower socioeconomic classes, if they did not know the definition of AI, if they knew that AI could be transmitted by eating and touching raw eggs and poultry foods, and if they did not need information. Compliance with the hygienic practices during handling of raw poultry meat was more likely in those who perceived to be at higher risk, who knew the hygienic practices, who knew the modes of transmission and the animals' vehicles for AI, and who received information from health professionals and scientific journals. Conclusion Respondents demonstrate no detailed understanding of AI, a greater perceived risk, and a lower compliance with precautions behaviors and health educational strategies are strongly needed.
Published: 2008

21. Human papillomavirus and vaccination: knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural intention in adolescents and young women in Italy

Author: G Di Giuseppe, Rossella Abbate, Luciana Albano, Italo F. Angelillo, Giorgio Liguori, DI GIUSEPPE, Gabriella, Abbate, R., Liguori, G., Albano, Luciana, and Angelillo, Italo Francesco
Subjects: Adult, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, cervical cancer, Cross-sectional study, behavioural intention, Papillomavirus Vaccines, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Clinical Studies, Health care, Humans, Medicine, Young adult, human papillomavirus, human papillomaviru, Gynecology, Cervical cancer, attitudes, business.industry, Papillomavirus Infections, HPV infection, virus diseases, Cancer, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, vaccination, medicine.disease, Vaccination, Cross-Sectional Studies, Logistic Models, Italy, Oncology, Family medicine, Female, business
Abstract: This study assesses knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural intention towards human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and vaccination in a random sample of 1348 adolescents and young women aged 14-24 years in Italy. A self-administered anonymous questionnaire covered demographics; knowledge about HPV infection, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccine; the perceived risk for contracting HPV infection and/or for developing cervical cancer, the perceived benefits of a vaccination to prevent cervical cancer, and willingness to receive an HPV vaccine. Only 23.3% have heard that HPV is an infection of the genital mucosa and about cervical cancer. Those older, with at least one parent who is a health care professional, with personal, familiar, or friendly history of cervical cancer, and having underwent a health checkup in the last year with information about HPV vaccination were significantly more knowledgeable. Risk perception scores (range: 1-10) of contracting HPV infection and of developing cervical cancer were 5.8 and 6.5. Older age, not having a parent who is a health care professional, having had a personal, familiar, or friendly history of cervical cancer, and need of additional information were predictors of the perceived susceptibility of developing cervical cancer. The vast majority professed intent to receive an HPV vaccine and the significant predictors were having at least one parent who is a health care professional, a high perceived risk of contracting HPV infection and of developing cervical cancer, and a high belief towards the utility of a vaccination for preventing cervical cancer. Knowledge about HPV infection and cervical cancer should be improved with more attention to the benefit of HPV vaccination.
Published: 2008

22. [Tetanus in Italy and in the Campania region: retrospective analysis. The importance of vaccinations]

Author: Antonino, Parlato, Alessandra, Marinelli, Rosa, Alfieri, Luciana, Albano, Giorgio, Liguori, Parlato, A, Marinelli, Alessandra, Alfieri, R, Albano, Luciana, and Liguori, G.
Subjects: Adult, Male, Adolescent, Age Distribution, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Italy, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Sex Distribution, Tetanus, Tetanus Toxoid, Vaccination, Newborn, Preschool
Abstract: The authors intend to draw the attention on the issue of tetanus infections in adult patients whose history is often unknown or incomplete. For these people, current regulations (Presidential Decree 7th Nov 2001 no. 464) provides for more extended vaccination coverage. The input data were drawn by different sources (ISS; MS; National Statistics Institute; Campania Epidemiological Observatory) and allowed for the tetanus infections having occurred in Italy and Campania in the last ten years.
Published: 2003

23. Knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of hospital health-care workers regarding influenza A/H1N1: a cross sectional survey

Author: Paolo Marinelli, Luciana Albano, Gabriella Di Giuseppe, Anna Matuozzo, Albano, Luciana, Matuozzo, A, Marinelli, P, and DI GIUSEPPE, Gabriella
Subjects: Adult, Male, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, medicine.medical_specialty, Influenza A/H1N1, Attitude of Health Personnel, Cross-sectional study, Health-care workers, Health Personnel, health care facilities, manpower, and services, education, Disease, medicine.disease_cause, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Nursing, Surveys and Questionnaires, Influenza, Human, Health care, medicine, Influenza A virus, Humans, Behaviour, business.industry, Transmission (medicine), Vaccination, virus diseases, Influenza a, Middle Aged, Hospitals, respiratory tract diseases, Risk perception, Knowledge, Cross-Sectional Studies, Infectious Diseases, Italy, Influenza Vaccines, Attitudes, Family medicine, Female, business, Research Article
Abstract: Background To assess the knowledge, the attitudes, and the behaviour towards influenza A/H1N1 and the vaccination among health-care workers (HCWs). Methods A sample of HCWs was selected from a random sample of non-teaching public hospitals, located in the cities of Naples and Avellino (Italy), received a self-administered anonymous questionnaire including questions about socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge on modes of transmission and preventative measures, attitudes and behaviour relating to influenza A/H1N1. Results Only 36.1% correctly knew the main modes of transmission, and that HCWs are a risk category and this level of knowledge was significantly higher in HCWs having received information through scientific journals. A higher perceived risk of contracting influenza A/H1N1 has been observed in the HCWs more knowledgeable, in those considering influenza A/H1N1 a serious disease, and in those working in surgical wards. Only 16.7% have received the influenza A/H1N1 vaccination and HCWs with more fear of contracting influenza A/H1N1, those considering vaccine more useful and less dangerous were more likely to receive vaccine. Conclusions Education and communication strategies for improving the level of knowledge and for the immunization uptake regarding influenza A/H1N1 HCWs are strongly needed.
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24. Characteristics of patients returning to emergency departments in Naples, Italy

Author: Luciana Albano, Italo F. Angelillo, Gabriella Di Giuseppe, Rossella Abbate, and Paolo Marinelli
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Adolescent, Comorbidity, Patient Readmission, Pharmacological treatment, Health administration, Acute care, medicine, Humans, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Travel, Crowding in, business.industry, Hospitals, Public, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Nursing research, Public health, Health Policy, Health services research, lcsh:RA1-1270, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Logistic Models, Italy, Socioeconomic Factors, Emergency medicine, Utilization Review, Female, Health Services Research, business, Emergency Service, Hospital, Research Article
Abstract: Background Crowding in hospital Emergency Departments (EDs) is a problem in several countries. We evaluated the number and characteristics of patients who make repeated visits to the EDs in Naples, Italy. Methods All patients (≥ 16 years) who presented to the EDs of three randomly selected non-academic acute care public hospitals, within randomly selected week periods, were studied. The two outcomes of interest were the re-utilization, within 72 hours, of the ED and the number of visits in the previous year. Results Of the 1430 sampled patients, 51.9% self-reported multiple visits in the previous year and 10.9% and 1.6% used the ED for 3 and ≥4 times, respectively. The number of visits in the previous year was significantly higher in those who live closer to hospital, with a more severe burden of overall comorbidity, and who were on pharmacological treatment. Overall, 72-hours return visits were found in 215 patients (15.8%). Patients were more likely to re-use within 72 hours the ED if younger, were not on pharmacological treatment, attended the ED more times in the previous year, were referred by a physician, arrived at the ED by car driven by other person, had problems of longer duration prior to arrival at the ED, had a surgical ED discharge diagnosis, and were admitted to the hospital. Conclusion The data may assist policymakers in the development and implementation of protocols to track changes in the re-utilization of the ED for the high financial impact and for the benefit of the patients.
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24 results on '"Luciana Albano"'

1. Corrigendum: Time-Trends in Air Pollution Impact on Health in Italy, 1990–2019: An Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

2. Time-Trends in Air Pollution Impact on Health in Italy, 1990–2019: An Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

3. The burden of injury in Central, Eastern, and Western European sub-region: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study

4. The adherence to guidelines for preventing CVC-related infections: a survey among Italian health-care workers

5. Azithromycin Has Been Flying Off the Shelves: The Italian Lesson Learnt from Improper Use of Antibiotics against COVID-19

6. Meningococcal serogroup B vaccine: Knowledge and acceptability among parents in Italy

7. Awareness, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Meningococcal B Vaccine among Pediatricians in Italy

8. Metal‐Organic Layer Delivers 5‐Aminolevulinic Acid and Porphyrin for Dual‐Organelle‐Targeted Photodynamic Therapy

9. COVID-19 mRNA vaccine safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness in a hospital setting: confronting the challenge

10. Redistribution of garbage codes to underlying causes of death: a systematic analysis on Italy and a comparison with most populous Western European countries based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

11. Age–sex differences in the global burden of lower respiratory infections and risk factors, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

12. Estimates of Cancer Mortality Attributable to Carcinogenic Infections in Italy

13. Does age have an impact on acute mountain sickness? A systematic review

14. Alcohol consumption in a sample of Italian healthcare workers: A cross-sectional study

15. Could fractional mRNA COVID-19 vaccines reduce myocarditis in adolescents?

16. Meningococcal serogroup B vaccine: Knowledge and acceptability among parents in Italy

17. COVID-19 and healthcare systems: What should we do next?

18. Seafarers' perceptions of job demand: A cross-sectional study

19. Parental knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards influenza A/H1N1 in Italy

20. A survey of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards avian influenza in an adult population of Italy

21. Human papillomavirus and vaccination: knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural intention in adolescents and young women in Italy

22. [Tetanus in Italy and in the Campania region: retrospective analysis. The importance of vaccinations]

23. Knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of hospital health-care workers regarding influenza A/H1N1: a cross sectional survey

24. Characteristics of patients returning to emergency departments in Naples, Italy

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