Search

Your search keyword '"Lueth, F."' showing total 12 results
Start Over Author "Lueth, F."
12 results on '"Lueth, F."'

2. The Illicit Trade in Cultural Objects. From Marginalization to the Current Surge in Attention by Transnational Criminal Policymakers

Author

Askola, H, Boister, N, Brodowski, D, Clark, RS, Currie, RJ, Elliot, M, Fedorova, M, Forlati, S, Gless, S, Harrington, J, Haerter, K, Hufnagel, S, Jessberger, F, Van Kempen, PH, Von Lingen, K, Lueth, F, Meyer, F, Natarajan, M, Petzsche, A, Pifferi, M, Rose, C, Saul, B, Schloenhardt, A, Visconti, A, Wharton, S, Boister, Neil, Gless, Sabine, Jessberger, Florian, Visconti, Arianna, visconti (ORCID:0000-0002-2515-7114), Askola, H, Boister, N, Brodowski, D, Clark, RS, Currie, RJ, Elliot, M, Fedorova, M, Forlati, S, Gless, S, Harrington, J, Haerter, K, Hufnagel, S, Jessberger, F, Van Kempen, PH, Von Lingen, K, Lueth, F, Meyer, F, Natarajan, M, Petzsche, A, Pifferi, M, Rose, C, Saul, B, Schloenhardt, A, Visconti, A, Wharton, S, Boister, Neil, Gless, Sabine, Jessberger, Florian, Visconti, Arianna, and visconti (ORCID:0000-0002-2515-7114)

Abstract

The exploitation of the cultural heritage of countries rich in monuments and antiquities, but substantially vulnerable (for various reasons) when it comes to their preservation, is a phenomenon that has long preceded any attempt by international law at regulating and containing it. Following the massive destruction and looting of cultural objects occurred during WWI and WWII, however, international humanitarian law (with the 1954 Hague Convention and related Protocols, and then with the 1977 Additional Protocols to Geneva Conventions) was the first to take an active interest in setting shared international standards for the safeguarding and respect of cultural properties in the event of armed conflicts. Within this legal framework, however, criminal law still played a very marginal role in the fight against the widespread (and ever growing) phenomenon of cultural property transnational trafficking; a trend that basically continued throughout all the second half of the 20th century (with a few exceptions, chief amongst them the Council of Europe’s willingness to promote a European Convention on Offences relating to Cultural Property which, opened to signature in 1985, never entered into force for lack of the minimum number of ratifications). The 1970 UNESCO Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, and the 1995 UNIDROIT Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects, in fact, while aimed at combating an illegal trade whose international dimension was getting more and more apparent and alarming, basically focused on administrative and civil law issues of domestic protection, international cooperation, and return and restitution. At the turn of the millennium, however, something started to change. Within the framework of the United Nations, the UNODC started taking an active role in promoting international initiatives aimed at expanding transnational criminal law to enco

Published
2021

10. Genetic discontinuity between local hunter-gatherers and Europes first farmers

Author

Bramanti, B., Thomas, M.G., Haak, W., Unterlaender, M., Jores, P., Tambets, K., Antanaitis-Jacobs, I., Haidle, M.N., Jankauskas, R., Kind, C.J., Lueth, F., Terberger, T., Hiller, J., Matsumura, S., Forster, P., and Burger, J.

Abstract

Following the domestication of animals and crops in the Near East some 11,000 years ago, farming reached much of Central Europe by 7,500 before present. The extent to which these early European farmers ere immigrants, or descendants of resident hunter-gatherers who had learnt farming, has been widely debated. We compare new mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from late European hunter-gatherer skeletons with those from early farmers, and from modern Europeans. We find large genetic differences betwee all three groups that cannot be explained by population continuity alone. Most (82 %) of the ancient hunter-gatherers share mtDNA types that are relatively rare in Central Europeans today. Together, thse analyses provide persuasive evidence that the first farmers were not the descendants of local hunergatherers but immigrated into Central Europe at the onset of the Neolithic.

Published
2009

12. Widespread exploitation of the honeybee by early Neolithic farmers.

Author

Roffet-Salque M, Regert M, Evershed RP, Outram AK, Cramp LJ, Decavallas O, Dunne J, Gerbault P, Mileto S, Mirabaud S, Pääkkönen M, Smyth J, Šoberl L, Whelton HL, Alday-Ruiz A, Asplund H, Bartkowiak M, Bayer-Niemeier E, Belhouchet L, Bernardini F, Budja M, Cooney G, Cubas M, Danaher EM, Diniz M, Domboróczki L, Fabbri C, González-Urquijo JE, Guilaine J, Hachi S, Hartwell BN, Hofmann D, Hohle I, Ibáñez JJ, Karul N, Kherbouche F, Kiely J, Kotsakis K, Lueth F, Mallory JP, Manen C, Marciniak A, Maurice-Chabard B, Mc Gonigle MA, Mulazzani S, Özdoğan M, Perić OS, Perić SR, Petrasch J, Pétrequin AM, Pétrequin P, Poensgen U, Pollard CJ, Poplin F, Radi G, Stadler P, Stäuble H, Tasić N, Urem-Kotsou D, Vuković JB, Walsh F, Whittle A, Wolfram S, Zapata-Peña L, and Zoughlami J

Subjects
Africa, Northern, Animals, Archaeology, Ceramics chemistry, Ceramics history, Europe, Farmers history, Geographic Mapping, History, Ancient, Lipids analysis, Lipids chemistry, Middle East, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Waxes chemistry, Beekeeping history, Bees, Waxes analysis, Waxes history
Abstract

The pressures on honeybee (Apis mellifera) populations, resulting from threats by modern pesticides, parasites, predators and diseases, have raised awareness of the economic importance and critical role this insect plays in agricultural societies across the globe. However, the association of humans with A. mellifera predates post-industrial-revolution agriculture, as evidenced by the widespread presence of ancient Egyptian bee iconography dating to the Old Kingdom (approximately 2400 BC). There are also indications of Stone Age people harvesting bee products; for example, honey hunting is interpreted from rock art in a prehistoric Holocene context and a beeswax find in a pre-agriculturalist site. However, when and where the regular association of A. mellifera with agriculturalists emerged is unknown. One of the major products of A. mellifera is beeswax, which is composed of a complex suite of lipids including n-alkanes, n-alkanoic acids and fatty acyl wax esters. The composition is highly constant as it is determined genetically through the insect's biochemistry. Thus, the chemical 'fingerprint' of beeswax provides a reliable basis for detecting this commodity in organic residues preserved at archaeological sites, which we now use to trace the exploitation by humans of A. mellifera temporally and spatially. Here we present secure identifications of beeswax in lipid residues preserved in pottery vessels of Neolithic Old World farmers. The geographical range of bee product exploitation is traced in Neolithic Europe, the Near East and North Africa, providing the palaeoecological range of honeybees during prehistory. Temporally, we demonstrate that bee products were exploited continuously, and probably extensively in some regions, at least from the seventh millennium cal BC, likely fulfilling a variety of technological and cultural functions. The close association of A. mellifera with Neolithic farming communities dates to the early onset of agriculture and may provide evidence for the beginnings of a domestication process.

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results