Search

Mining activity is the second biggest producer of waste in the European Union (EU), so to develop processes that allow the reuse of waste and the consequent creation of markets for these secondary raw materials are relevant for a desirable transition to a circular economy. Copper waste such as cakes, tailings, pyrite roasting residues, or slags present very different physical characteristics and hazards. There are two important aspects to consider for the residue of hazardous determination and its reuse: the particle size and the leaching behavior. Also, the reactive or non-reactive property of the waste depends on their origin, which is important for new applications. Based on these parameters (and other specifics for each application), the intention of this paper is to review and study the different applications of copper residues, aiming for new possibilities of cement-based construction materials with added value that allow to economically justify the use of cement.

La biorremediacion es una herramienta muy efectiva en algunos procesos de contaminacion medioambiental, el objetivo de esta investigacion es ponerla en valor. Su principal ventaja reside en la baja agresividad con el medioambiente y su capacidad de descontaminar in situ. Como resultado de nuestra investigacion presentamos la novedad de utilizar nuestros metodos como la manera de evitar actuaciones mas costosas economicamente, como la desorcion termica, o mucho mas terribles e ineficaces como la identificacion del residuo como peligroso, y su posterior almacenamiento y custodia sin darle solucion definitiva. El articulo presenta los resultados y como se desarrollo el proceso de tratamiento, de unos suelos contaminados con hidrocarburos, en unos terrenos localizados en las obras del tren de alta velocidad entre Cordoba y Malaga. Obteniendose en seis meses descensos por debajo de las 1500 ppm de TPH Tambien nos gustaria poner a disposicion de la comunidad cientifica el exito de la utilizacion de diversas mezclas, asi como de las tecnicas y propiedades que se deben realizar y medir. La coexistencia de biosulfatantes, fosfatantes y la novedad de probarlos con hidroxido de magnesio, los resultados de las interacciones de los microrganismos con el contaminante, y que condiciones son ideales de aireacion y de estimulacion por mezcla, demuestran la capacidad de degradacion del hidrocarburo y su sostenibilidad. Palabras clave: biorremediacion, descontaminacion, degradacion, hidrocarburos, microorganismos

The 20th International Geological Congress (IGC), held in Mexico in 1956, took place at a crucial time as the demand for raw materials increased significantly after the Second World War. The search for mineral resources provided a stimulus for the development of geology and its applied branches, geophysics, geochemistry, etc. Also, the foundations were being laid for a new global geological model, plate tectonics, which burst onto the scene in the sixties. The Congress had the largest attendance up to that time. Many of its sessions focused on prospecting for mineral deposits and drilling for oil and gas.

The hemodynamic disturbances produced by total hepatic vascular exclusion (THVE) for 40 minutes were studied in 7 pigs (19-22 kg). THVE was produced by clamping the hepatic pedicle and inferior vena cava, above and below the liver, for a 40-minutes period, followed by unclamping. Compared to baseline values, 30 minutes after onset of THVE, there was a decrease in cardiac output (3.86 +/- 0.55 vs 1.23 +/- 0.23 L x min-1), systemic arterial pressure (97.54 +/- 13.58 vs 43.43 +/- 11.38 mm Hg), and pulmonary artery pressure (16.57 +/- 6.38 vs 12.57 +/- 3.58) and an increase in systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance (1772 +/- 198 vs 2351 +/- 462, and 182 +/- 66 vs 361 +/- 124 dyn x s x cm-5 respectively). As a result of diminished cardiac output, the systemic oxygen supply decreased (461 +/- 131 vs 101 +/- 46 ml x min-1), but the systemic oxygen extraction rate rose from 17.3% t0 31.2%. Thirty minutes after unclamping, the changes had reversed and all the parameters tended to normalize. Total hepatic blood flow 30 minutes after unclamping was higher than at baseline (5.08 +/- 1.2 vs 6.66 +/- 0.67 ml x min-1 x 100 g-1), because of the increase in portal blood flow (4.52 +/- 1.21 vs 6.07 +/- 0.70 ml x min-1 x 100 g-1). There were no significant differences in hepatic oxygen supply and uptake at baseline and after unclamping (152.6 +/- 23.0 vs 187.0 +/- 34.7 and 22.7 +/- 4.9 vs 28.7 +/- 8.4 ml O2 respectively). AST rose (29 +/- 7 vs 136 +/- 91 U/l), but there was no change in the remaining liver enzymes, glucose, creatinine and serum electrolytes, so we conclude that the hemodynamic disturbances produced by 40 minutes of THVE are manageable and spontaneously reversible. Liver metabolism was not greatly disturbed, so THVE was judged to be a viable technique to be added to the surgeon's range of options.

[ES] Uno de los objetivos del proyecto “Desarrollo de la herramienta eCompetentis para la evaluación de competencias transversales” (EA2009‐0040) financiado por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, fue elaborar un portal web (http://www.ecompetentis.es) que pretende ser una plataforma de apoyo a los docentes universitarios españoles. Su uso puede ayudarles a desarrollar competencias genéricas en sus actividades docentes y a evaluar a sus estudiantes. Respecto a competencias genéricas, en el portal se ofrecen: instrumentos de evaluación, proyectos de innovación e investigación, experiencias de éxito y otras utilidades.A día de hoy, el portal incluye instrumentos para la evaluación de las competencias genéricas “trabajo en equipo” y “resolución de problemas”. Pero eCompetentis se ha planteado como un espacio colaborativo, y en breve, dispondrá de otros instrumentos, proyectos y experiencias de compañeros que han manifestado su interés en participar., [EN] One of the aims of the project "Development of eCompetentis tool for assessing generic competences" (EA2009‐0040) funded by the Ministry of Education and Science, was to develop a website (http://www.ecompetentis.es) which has been conceived to be a support framework for Spanish professors. This framework could help them develop generic competences regarding their teaching activities and assess their students. As far as generic competences is concerned, this website offers: assessing tools, innovation and investigation projects and successful experiences, among other tools.At present, the website included tools for the assessment of the generic competences “teamwork” and “problem solving”. However, eCompetentis has been presented as a collaboration space and would soon provide some other tools, projects and experiences of colleagues who are interested in participating., Uno de los objetivos del proyecto “Desarrollo de la herramienta eCompetentis para la evaluación de competencias transversales” (EA2009‐0040) financiado por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, fue elaborar un portal web (http://www.ecompetentis.es) que pretende ser una plataforma de apoyo a los docentes universitarios españoles

BACKGROUND/AIM Infants surviving congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) suffer from anatomical and functional esophageal abnormalities. Previous work in the nitrofen animal model of CDH demonstrated malformations in neural crest-derived structures, including the vagus and recurrent laryngeal nerves. The aim of the present study was to assess whether the esophageal myenteric plexus is abnormal in rats with CDH. METHODS We used the nitrofen-induced CDH fetal rat model. Two sections of the proximal, medium and distal esophagus from both groups were processed for immunohistochemical staining with anti-neuron specific enolase and anti-S-100 antibodies; the number of stained areas was recorded for each group. Whole-mount preparations of the entire esophagus of Control and CDH animals were histochemically stained for acetylcholinesterase; the density and area of the ganglia and the number of cells/ganglia were determined. Comparisons between groups were made by standard statistical methods. RESULTS The number of immunohistochemically stained areas in transversal sections were decreased in CDH animals for anti-enolase (11.5+/-6.06 vs. 1.93+/-1.49, control vs. CDH, p

Background The PTPN22 / CSK signalling represents one of the most relevant pathways in the innate immunity, and it has been implicated in the susceptibility to develop a wide number of autoimmune diseases. Objectives To analyse the possible role of different single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the PTPN22 and CSK genes in the predisposition and clinical phenotypes of giant cell arteritis (GCA) in a large Caucasian population. Methods Our study population consisted of 623 patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven GCA and 1,729 healthy controls of Spanish Caucasian origin. Two functional PTPN22 polymorphisms (rs24746601, R620W and rs33996649, R263Q) and two variants of the CSK gene (rs1378942 and rs34933034), previously associated with autoimmunity, were genotyped using specifically designed TaqMan® assays. Results A significant association of the PTPN22 non-synonymous change rs2476601 with GCA susceptibility was yielded after the analysis of the allele frequencies ( P =1.06E-04, OR= 1.62, CI 95% 1.29-2.04). No statistically significant differences between cases and controls of the rest of SNPs analysed were observed. Similarly, when patients were stratified according to specific clinical features of GCA, such as polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), visual ischemic manifestations (VIM) or irreversible occlusive disease (IOD), only significant differences were found between the case subgroups and the control set for PTPN22 rs2476601 ( P =2.26E-04, OR=1.77 CI 95% 1.30-2.40; P =1.03E-03, OR=1.82 CI 95% 1.27-2.62; P =5.47E-04, OR=2.14 CI 95% 1.38-3.33, respectively). Conclusions Our results clearly suggest that the PTPN22 polymorphism rs2476601 is associated with susceptibility to GCA. Disclosure of Interest None Declared