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This dataset contains all the values necessary to reproduce each figure shown in the manuscript: Martinez and others, 2021, The Surface Energy Budget at Gale Crater during the first 2500 sols of the Mars Science Laboratory mission, JGR:Planets (under review).

This document contains information to explain the contents of the archive, which is submitted as a supplement to the integrated catalog of lunar seismic events that was delivered to the PDS, available here: https://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/apollo/seismic_event_catalog.htm. Our team integrated moonquake locations from the catalog into the GIS platform using ArcGlobe, an extension of ArcGIS . Since ArcGIS is commercial software, these files are not compliant with PDS standards. However, as they were a named deliverable from the PDART award, we chose to archive them with the Lunar and Planetary Institute, so they would be available for use by the planetary community and broader public.

Focused interviews were conducted with the Apollo astronauts who landed on the moon. The purpose of these interviews was to help define extravehicular activity (EVA) system requirements for future lunar and planetary missions.

Evidence for the existence of magma oceans is discussed in great detail, and among the many new items introduced were high-pressure phase equilibrium experiments, calculations of depth of impact-produced melting, models incorporating crystal growth rates with degree of crystallinity and convection, and models of hard turbulent convection.

Included talks on NASA's and DOE's role in Space Exploration Initiative, lunar geology, lunar resources, the strategy for the first lunar outpost, and an industry perspective on lunar resources. The sessions focused on four major aspects of lunar resource assessment: (1) Earth-based remote sensing of the Moon; (2) lunar orbital remote sensing; (3) lunar lander and roving investigations; and (4) geophysical and engineering consideration. The workshop ended with a discussion of a number of issues related to resource assessment.

The following subject areas were covered: geological setting; magma evolution and source regions; magma source and ascent processes; and history of volcanism.

This report covers the performance of the deployed equipment which was designed to continue to provide data after the return of the crew to earth. The report is divided into four sections, section one being the Introduction. The second section is an overall summary in the form of a graphic presentation of the time history of the percent of full capability of the instruments from the time of deployment on the lunar surface, with a gross indication of when changes occurred. The third section includes a brief word status of each instrument. The fourth section discusses each problem encountered. Problems are arranged in chronological order, and a listing of all problems by subject and number is included.

The data analysis work included: bringing to operational status of computer programs for the numerical integration of the lunar orbit motion and for the application of lunar laser time delays for the improvement of the parameters of the physical model; program improvement and program integrity; three-dimensional ephemeris; and miscellaneous independent studies. The data management work included: data identification; observatory interfaces; and data distribution.

Contains the operating instructions for the ALSEP production processing programs which are contained on the ALSEP programs tape (APT) and operate on the CDC 3200.

The principal components of the experiment were probes, each with twelve thermometers of exceptional accuracy and stability, that recorded temperature variations at the surface and in the regolith down to 2.5 m. The Apollo 15 experiment and the Apollo 17 probes recorded lunar surface and subsurface temperatures. These data provided a unique and valuable history of the interaction of solar energy with lunar surface and the effects of heat flowing from the deep interior out through the surface of the moon. The interpretation of these data resulted in a clearer definition of the thermal and mechanical properties of the upper two meters of lunar regolith, direct measurements of the gradient in mean temperature due to heat flow from the interior and a determination of the heat flow at the Apollo 15 and Apollo 17 sites.

Includes typescript, paste-up, and hand-drawn folded charts. This report covers the performance of the deployed equipment which was designed to continue to provide data after the return of the crew to earth. The report is divided into four sections, section one being the Introduction. The second section is an overall summary in the form of a graphic presentation of the time history of the percent of full capability of the instruments from the time of deployment on the lunar surface, with a gross indication of when changes occurred. The third section includes a brief word status of each instrument. The fourth section discusses each problem encountered. Problems are arranged in chronological order, and a listing of all problems by subject and number is included.

The four spring lunations produced 105 acquisitions, including the 2000th range measurement made at McDonald Observatory. Statistics were normal for the spring months. Laser and electronics problems are noted. The Loran-C station delay was corrected. Preliminary "doubles" data is shown. New magnetic tape data formats are presented. R&D efforts include a new laser modification design.

The four lunations between 16 October, 1974 and 11 February, 1975 were active in our continuing program to upgrade the capabilities of the McDonald Lunar Laser Ranging Station. Numerous changes were installed during this period designed to increase the overall reliability and performance of the laser equipment. The ranging operations proceeded routinely but at a somewhat slower acquisition rate due to relatively poor weather and the intermingled R&D efforts.

During the four lunations covered by this report the operating crew was very successful in obtaining large quantities of lunar range data. Excellent weather conditions and the lack of appreciable equipment problems from October 6, 1975 until January 31, 1976 contributed to the highest total amount of data yet achieved in four consecutive lunations.

NASA News announcement that: On September 30, against the backdrop of a waning moon, science instruments on the lunar surface will be turned off and the ALSEP (Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package) control center at NASA's Johnson Space Center, Houston, will be dismantled.

Ranging operations for this quarter returned to the normal 21 day schedule per lunation, expanding from the restricted 17 day firing schedule of the previous lunation. Research and Development was, for the most part, restricted as in the previous quarter. The exception was some very preliminary trials of a vidicon camera and monitor at the very end of the fourth lunation.

The McDonald Lunar Laser Station measured about 125 lunar range measurements between 12 February and 9 June, 1975. Preparations continued for a changeover to upgraded timing and guiding systems.

The principal components of the experiment were probes, each with twelve thermometers that recorded temperature variations at the surface and in the regolith down to 2.5 m. The Apollo 15 experiment and the Apollo 17 probes recorded lunar surface and subsurface temperatures. These data provided a history of the interaction of solar energy with lunar surface and the effects of heat flowing from the deep interior out through the surface of the moon. The interpretation of these data resulted in a clearer definition of the thermal and mechanical properties of the upper two meters of lunar regolith, direct measurements of the gradient in mean temperature due to heat flow from the interior and a determination of the heat flow at the Apollo 15 and Apollo 17 sites.

It is the objective of this document to provide definitive data transfer and control formats to ensure effective and compatible command transmission of data throughout the Spacecraft Tracking Data Network (STDN).

Lunar nightside electron fluxes were studied with the aid of the ALSEP/CPLEE (Charged Particle Lunar Environment Experiment) and other instruments. A study was also made of the shadowing of magnetotail plasma sheet electrons by interactions between the lunar body and the ambient magnetic field and by interactions between charged particles and lunar remnant magnetic fields.

Proposal for tape reader.

The purpose of this Network Operations Support Plan (NOSP) is to provide operational configurations and procedures applicable to the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Packages (ALSEP). Some information on the Particles and Fields Subsatellite (P&FS) has been retained for historical purposes. The provisions of this document take precedence over procedures contained in other documents.

This document provides engineering information relative to the long term operating characteristics of the five ALSEP systems presently active on the lunar surface. The information includes a current summary of the operational status of each of the systems and an assessment of the predicted life from both hardware reliability calculations and RTG power availability. Additionally, recommendations are given for managing each system in terms of power utilization for maximum life. Finally, some suggestions are provided for obtaining useful engineering data at the end of life of the respective systems.

A brief description of each of the Apollo scientific experiments, together with its operational history, the data content and formats, and the availability of the data. The lunar surface experiments described are the passive seismic, active seismic, lunar surface magnetometer, solar wind spectrometer, suprathermal ion detector, heat flow, charged particle, cold cathode gage, lunar geology, laser ranging retroreflector, cosmic ray detector, lunar portable magnetometer, traverse gravimeter, soil mechanics, far UV camera (lunar surface), lunar ejecta and meteorites, surface electrical properties, lunar atmospheric composition, lunar surface gravimeter, lunar seismic profiling, neutron flux, and dust detector. The orbital experiments described are the gamma-ray spectrometer, X-ray fluorescence, alpha-particle spectrometer, S-band transponder, mass spectrometer, far UV spectrometer, bistatic radar, IR scanning radiometer, particle shadows, magnetometer, lunar sounder, and laser altimeter. A brief listing of the mapping products available and information on the sample program were also included.

The Apollo 14 ALSEP downlink signal stopped on 1 March 1975. Efforts to regain a signal, by uplinking commands to switch to the redundant processor or transmitter, failed.

The ALSEP experiments (Apollo 11 to Apollo 17) are described and pertinent operational history is given for each experiment. The ALSEP data processing and distribution are described together with an extensive discussion on archiving. Engineering closeout tests and results are given, and the status and configuration of the experiments at termination are documented. Significant science findings are summarized by selected investigators. Significant operational data and recommendations are also included.

The document provides the information needed by programmers to develop the software for retrieving digital experiment data from the 24- Hourtime- edit save tapes for any of the five Apollo lunar surface experiment packages (ALSEP's). These data are contained on digital tapes archived at the national records center , Suitland, Maryland.

Samples from Apollo 15 flight were analyzed to develop models for lunar basin formation and evolution, basin geology, petrology, volcanology, stratigraphy, and geochemistry.

The lunar sample research program was especially productive, but by no means have all the important answers been determined; continued study of lunar samples will further illuminate the shadows of our knowledge about the solar system.

Seismic refraction experiments were conducted on the moon by Apollo astronauts during missions 14, 16, and 17. The data indicate that fragmentation and comminution caused by meteoroid impacts has produced a layer of remarkably uniform seismic properties moonwide. Brecciation and high porosity are the probable causes of the very low velocities observed in the lunar regolith. Apollo 17 seismic data revealed that the seismic velocity increases very rapidly with depth. Such a large velocity change is suggestive of compositional and textural changes and is compatible with a model of fractured basaltic flows overlying anorthositic breccias. 'Thermal' moonquakes were also detected at the Apollo 17 site. The source of these quakes could possibly be landsliding.

NASA News announcement that: On Oct. 1, science instruments left on the lunar surface by the Apollo astronauts will no longer be operated, and the ALSEP Control Center at NASA's Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex., will be dismantled.

This report covers activity under the subject grant during the second half of calendar year 1974. During this period, in addition to routine data identification and management activities relating to the McDonald Observatory lunar laser data, primary efforts were directed towards 1) improvements in the integration program, aimed at producing the zero-order comparison ephemeris for the "three-dimensional" analysis, and 2) an error modeling study, to estimate the accuracy with which a mobile lunar ranging facility can be located.

The four summer lunations produced 126 acquisitions. August was the third best lunation in the history of the McDonald station with continuous ranging following the B.O-magnitude earthquake in the Phil1ipines. Laser and electronics problems were plentiful. Clock jitter was reduced to 100 picoseconds. Hourly drift in the observed range residuals is noted. R&D efforts were minimal due to system trouble shooting throughout most of the report period.

First in this report, a summary is presented concerning the development and properties of the two types of magnetometers deployed on the lunar surface by Apollo astronauts: the lunar surface magnetometer (LSM) and lunar portable magnetometer (LPM). Then the principal scientific discoveries resulting from analyses of magnetic field data are discussed.

The purposes of the workshop were: (1) to summarize what is now known about the Apollo 16 site and its materials; (2) to better define and focus attention on important unresolved problems; and (3) to initiate, stimulate and coordinate research in areas that hold promise for solving the unresolved problems.

Discussed was a new evaluation of the nature and history of KREEP, granite, and other evolved lunar rock types, and ultimately a fresh evaluation of the transition of the moon from its early anorthosite-forming period to its later stages of KREEP, granitic, and mare magmatism.

Lunar soils and breccia studies are used in studying the evolution of meteorite parent bodies. These studies are compared to lunar soils and breccias.

This document is the official media for the identification of NASA ALSEP support requirements. Additions, deletions or changes to support requirements for the ALSEP program shall be made by revision to this document. Revision 2 consists primarily of the deletion of the Particles and Fields Subsatellite (P&FS) support requirements, updates the list of supporting sites and includes provisions for use of recertified magnetic tapes for ALSEP.

Contains test procedures to be used for validating the compatibility of Spacecraft Tracking and Data Acquisition Network to Mission Control Center and their readiness to support the ALSEP program.

An analysis of the long term temperature histories of the heat flow experiment thermometers is presented.

The objectives of the Lunar Ejecta and Meteorites Experiment (LEAM) were to measure the long-term variations in cosmic dust influx rates and the extent and nature of the lunar ejecta. While analyzing these characteristics in the data, it was discovered that a majority of the events could not be associated with hypervelocity particle impacts of the type usually identified with cosmic dust, but could only be correlated with the lunar surface and local sun angle. The possibility that charged particles could be incident on the sensors led to an analysis of the electronics to determine if such signals could cause the large pulse height analysis (PHA) signals. A qualitative analysis of the PHA circuit showed that an alternative mode of operation existed if the input signal were composed of pulses with pulse durations very long compared to the durations for which it was designed. This alternative mode would give large PHA outputs even though the actual input amplitudes were small. This revelation led to the examination of the sensor and its response to charged particles to determine the type of signals that could be expected.

The implementation of system engineering requirements, as was developed for ALSEP by NASA, Bendix, and Principal Investigators as the program evolved, are discussed in the report and are presented as a basis for planning future scientific experiment programs - programs consisting of a single experiment or which consider simultaneous development of "experiment clusters", as in the case of ALSEP "packages".

The polarization of magnetometer signals detected at the Apollo 15 Hadley site by the Lunar Surface Magnetometer (LSM) has been studied to determine the source of the signal anisotropy which is observed and is caused by the polarization.

This document provides engineering information relative to the long term operating characteristics of the five ALSEP systems presently active on the lunar surface. The information includes a current summary of the operational status of each of the systems and an assessment of the predicted life from both hardware reliability calculations and RTG power availability. Additionally, recommendations are given for managing each system in terms of power utilization for maximum life. Finally, some suggestions are provided for obtaining useful engineering data at the end of life of the respective systems.

Cost effective program documentation requirements are not easily developed for a complex program as in the example of the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP) for the Apollo program. The documentation requirements for ALSEP are discussed and compared to ASTP program requirements in the report and are presented as the basis for the formulation of recommendations for documentation requirements for future scientific experiment programs.