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To search the low dosage of anti-VEGF best for primary therapies on retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in terms of success rate. We searched Medline(Pubmed), Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases only for randomized controlled trials that had been reported as of March 3, 2023. We included studies that used bevacizumab, aflibercept and conbercept for ROP with comparable cohorts and treatment criteria. This study was performed according the pre-specified protocol registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021270077) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis checklist. Those with animal and cell experiments, non-randomized case-control, or single case report were excluded. Frequentist network meta-analyses determined the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) of the success rate of each dose range group and compared pairs of treatments via STATA 15. Since non-RCT research were excluded, aflflibercept and conbercept studies were excluded. Therefore, only 6 bevacizumab studies were included in final meta-analysis: Inconsistency was not detected in this study via global inconsistent model test, loop inconsistency and local inconsistent model test (p > 0.05). In addition, a consistent model test has been passed in this study (p > 0.05). Little bias was detected via funnel plot. Since bevacizumab adult standard dose of single-injection is 1.25 mg, the concentration groups were converted according to the proportion of adult standard dose, such as 1/2, [1/5, 1/6.25], [1/10, 1/12.5], [1/19.8, 1/78.1], [1/156.3, 1/625]. The SUCRA of [1/10, 1/12.5] dose group were the best of largest probability to achieve success. However, [1/156.3, 1/625] dose group was the worst dose to achieve success in the five dose groups. The success rate ranking of league chart in this study is that [1/10, 1/12.5] > [1/5, 1/6.25] > 1/2 ≈ [1/19.8, 1/78.1] > [1/156.3, 1/625]. [1/10, 1/12.5] were the best dosage ranges to achieve maximal medicine success. [1/156.3, 1/625] was the worst ineffective in the five dose ranges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Gout patients are at high risk of carotid atherosclerosis, which could be convincingly reflected by common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCAIMT) and carotid plaque. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of thick CCAIMT and carotid plaque in gout patients., Methods: Comprehensive demographic characteristics, chronic comorbidities, disease features, and biochemical indexes (42 parameters) were obtained from 237 gout patients. CCAIMT and carotid plaque were evaluated by bilateral carotid artery ultrasound in gout patients and 80 healthy controls., Results: The CCAIMT and carotid plaque percentage were increased in gout patients compared to healthy controls (both p<0.001). In detail, the prevalence of thick CCAIMT (>0.9 mm) and carotid plaque was 22.4% and 34.6% in gout patients, respectively. Forward-stepwise multivariate logistic regression model revealed that age (p<0.001, odds ratio (OR)=1.143], disease duration (p=0.001, OR=1.176), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p=0.002, OR=1.037), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) (p=0.039, OR=2.144) were independently associated with elevated thick CCAIMT risk, while serum uric acid (SUA) (p=0.002, OR=0.992) exhibited an opposite trend; their combination well-identified thick CCAIMT risk [area under the curve (AUC)=0.910] by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. Meanwhile, age (p<0001, OR=1.116), tophus (p=0.009, OR=3.523), and triglycerides (TG) (p=0.014, OR=1.323) were independently associated with a higher risk of carotid plaque, while SUA (p=0.008, OR=0.995) showed an opposite trend; their combination also well-identified carotid plaque risk (AUC=0.886) by ROC curve., Conclusions: Thick CCAIMT and carotid plaque are prevalent in gout patients, whose occurrence relates to age, disease duration, ALP, LDLC, SUA, TG, and tophus.