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Water dropwort aqueous extract (WDAE) was confirmed to be rich in phenolic compounds, and 5 phenolic acids and 10 flavonoids were identified by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis in this study. The hypoglycemic effects of WDAE on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were then investigated. In comparison with the diabetic model group, the food intake, body weight loss, blood glucose and insulin level of the high-dose WDAE (400 mg kg−1 d−1) treatment group significantly (p < 0.05) reduced, and the glycogen contents in liver and muscle tissues of the WDAE (200 and 400 mg kg−1 d−1) groups remarkably (p < 0.05) increased. Moreover, WDAE treatment notably (p < 0.05) improved the glucose and insulin intolerance and insulin resistance and sensitivity of diabetic mice. Additionally, WDAE treatment suppressed oxidative stress by increasing the antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxides (GSH-Px) and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), as well as decreasing the malonaldehyde (MDA) level. Furthermore, WDAE treatment could ameliorate insulin resistance via improving the signaling pathway of IRS-2/PI3K-AKT and activating GLUT4 translocation. Hence, all results indicated that WDAE might be a promising candidate for diabetes management.

Photoelectric detection system will be affected by a variety of noise and environmental temperature changes and produce certain errors. To realize the function of error compensation and improve the detection accuracy, an adaptive neural network detection algorithm based on photoelectric detection is established. Aiming at the defects of neural network, such as easily falling into local minimum, slow training speed and poor generalization ability, the local optimization ability of PSO is applied to improve and optimize the learning factor of neural network. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional algorithm, the improved scheme is easier to be implemented and it has faster convergence speed. In the practical application of photoelectric detection principle test box, the nonlinear error caused by temperature change in the illumination detection system can be effectively compensated, and the prediction accuracy can be also improved.

Breeding values of 58 bucks of Xinong Saanen goats were estimated using BLUP, and four different models were compared. The model including buck relationships had the smallest variance of prediction error. The genetic trend of Xinong Saanen during 1960 to 1985 was obtained from the regression of the weighted average of sires' transmitting abilities on year. Genetic trend in milk production of Xinong Saanen goat population averaged 7.2 kg/yr.