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Objective: To observe the effect of heat-sensitive moxibustion at "Zhongwan" (CV 12) on serum growth hormone (GH) and pepsinogen (PG) in chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) rats, and to explore the potential mechanism of heat-sensitive moxibustion for CAG., Methods: A total of 66 male SD rats were randomized into a blank group (12 rats) and a model establishment group (54 rats). No intervention was given in the blank group. Rats in the model establishment group were intervented with compound pathogeny method for 12 weeks to establish CAG model, which were further divided into a model group (11 rats), a vitacoenzyme group (11 rats) and a moxibustion group (22 rats). In the moxibustion group, suspending moxibustion was applied at "Zhongwan" (CV 12) for 40 min. After the intervention of moxibustion, 0.9% sodium chloride solution was given by gavage (2 mL·kg -1 ·d -1 ). According to the changes of tail temperature, rats in the moxibustion group were divided into a heat-sensitive moxibustion group (11 rats) and a non-heat-sensitive moxibustion group (8 rats). The vitacoenzyme group was given vitacoenzyme as the same dose by gavage. The intervention was adopted once a day for 28 days. Changes of body weight were observed among the groups. Expressions of serum GH, PGⅠand PGⅡwere detected by ELISA, and the ratio of PGⅠand PGⅡ (PGR) was calculated. The morphological changes of gastric mucosa were observed by macroscopy and light microscope., Results: ①After modeling, the body weight of rats in the model establishment group was lower than the blank group ( P <0.01). Compared with the model group, the body weight of rats in the vitacoenzyme group, the heat-sensitive moxibustion group and the non-heat-sensitive moxibustion group was increased after intervention ( P <0.05), and there were no significant differences among the intervention groups ( P >0.05). ②Under macroscopy and light microscope, gastric tissue of rats after modeling showed dark red and pale gastric mucosa, lower plica and mucosal congestion. The glands of lamina propria were atrophied or disappeared with sparse and disordered arrangement, in which, lymphoid follicles and inflammatory cells could be observed. After intervention, morphology of gastric mucosa was improved in the vitacoenzyme group, the heat-sensitive moxibustion group and the non-heat-sensitive moxibustion group. ③Compared with the blank group, the serum levels of GH, PGⅠ, PGⅡ and PGR were decreased in the model group ( P <0.05, P <0.01). Compared with the model group, the serum levels of GH, PGⅠand PGⅡwere increased in the vitacoenzyme group, the heat-sensitive moxibustion group and the non-heat-sensitive moxibustion group ( P <0.05, P <0.01), the levels of PGR were increased without statistical difference ( P >0.05). Compared with the vitacoenzyme group and the non-heat-sensitive moxibustion group, the serum levels of GH and PGⅠwere increased in the heat-sensitive moxibustion group ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: Heat-sensitive moxibustion at "Zhongwan" (CV 12) can improve the morphology of gastric mucosa in chronic atrophic gastritis rats, its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of serum GH and PGⅠ.

Purpose: To investigate the possible contribution of GDNF in matrix-degrading, cell-adhesion during perineural invasion (PNI) of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC)., Methods: Totally 42 ACCs and 5 normal salivary tissues were included in the present study．Immunohistochemical staining SP method was used to detect the expression of GDNF,MMP-9,NF-κB,integrin β1 in ACC specimens and normal salivary tissues. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS16.0 software package. RESULTS：GDNF was strongly expressed in ACC tumor cells and nerve fibers adjacent to ACC tumor cells. NF-κB, MMP-9, integrin β1 were positively expressed in ACC cell cytoplasm, integrin β1 was also found in ACC cell membrane, and NF-κB in nuclei occasionally. The positive expression rate was 69.05%（29/42）,66.67%（28/42）,61.90%（26/42）, respectively. The differences between the expression of NF-κB, MMP-9, integrinβ1 in PNI group and non-PNI group were significant (P=0.005,P=0.011,P=0.001, respectively). Expression of NF-κB, MMP-9, integrin β1 was correlated to that of GDNF(r=0.443, P=0.003; r=0.401, P=0.009; r=0.535, P=0.000, respectively). Expression of MMP-9 and integrin β1 was positively correlated to that of NF-κB(r=0.501, P=0.001; r=0.429, P=0.005). Expression of MMP-9 was correlated positively to that of integrin β1 (r=0.381, P=0.013). CONCLUSIONS：GDNF may increase the matrix-degrading and cell-adhesion of ACC in the process of PNI. NF-κB, MMP-9 and integrin β1 involve in ACC cells invading nerves.

Objective: To investigate the effect on adhesion and motion capbilities of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), by detecting the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF), E-cadherin (E-cad) and S100A4 and the clinical significance in ACC tissues and analyzing the relationships between them with perineural invasion (PNI)., Methods: The expression of NGF, E-cad and S100A4 in ACC was detected with the way of immunohistochemistry SP, and then analyzing the expression level of them in different pathological types and histological regions in statistical ways on the basis of their relation with clinical and pathological parameters., Results: The expression of NGF and S100A4 in PNI group [88% (23/26) and 77% (20/26)], was higher than that in NPNI group (8/16 and 7/16, P < 0.05), and a positive correlation between them was identified in PNI group (r = 0.316, P < 0.05). However the E-cad expression was lower in PNI group [31% (8/26), P < 0.05]. On the other hand it suggested a negative correlation with NGF (r = 0.385, P < 0.05) as well as that with S100A4 (r = -0.612, P = 0.000). The expression level of NGF in fasciculus [83% (25/30)] has significant deviation compared with it in distant tumor tissues [47% (14/30), P < 0.05]., Conclusions: In the PNI process of ACC, NGF plays important parts but not the only factor. It can increase the expression and activity of S100A4 but decrease E-cad expression through binding with its receptor. Thus, adhesion abilities of tumor cells was weakened and motional abilities was strengthen.