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C3N has attracted much attention as an anode material for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, owing to its excellent mechanical and electronic properties. However, its weak Li adsorption strength and mobility have limited its further application. Phosphorene (P) exhibits a high bonding strength with Li and excellent Li-ion mobility, but low stiffness. Thus, we propose that constructing a C3N/P hybrid material will not only negate the deficiency of C3N but also result in a new high performance electrode material. A C3N/P heterostructure is constructed and studied by first-principles calculations. This heterostructure exhibits an excellent stiffness (Young's modulus is 448.32 N m−1), which is even better than that of graphene. The bonding strength of Li inserted into the intralayer of the C3N/P heterostructure (1.78–2.02 eV) is much higher than that in pristine monolayer C3N (0.32 eV) and phosphorene (1.67 eV). Moreover, the C3N/P heterostructure shows a high capacity of 468.34 mA h g−1, and better conductivities of electricity and ions than pristine monolayer C3N. The excellent mechanical properties, high capacity, good conductivities of electrons and ions and moderately high bonding energy indicate that the C3N/P heterostructure is a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring economical, efficient, and stable electrocatalysts for the seawater hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is highly desirable but is challenging. In this study, a Mo cation doped Ni 0.85 Se/MoSe 2 heterostructural electrocatalyst, Mo x -Ni 0.85 Se/MoSe 2 , was successfully prepared by simultaneously doping Mo cations into the Ni 0.85 Se lattice (Mo x -Ni 0.85 Se) and growing atomic MoSe 2 nanosheets epitaxially at the edge of the Mo x -Ni 0.85 Se. Such an Mo x -Ni 0.85 Se/MoSe 2 catalyst requires only 110 mV to drive current densities of 10 mA cm -2 in alkaline simulated seawater, and shows almost no obvious degradation after 80 h at 20 mA cm -2 . The experimental results, combined with the density functional theory calculations, reveal that the Mo x -Ni 0.85 Se/MoSe 2 heterostructure will generate an interfacial electric field to facilitate the electron transfer, thus reducing the water dissociation barrier. Significantly, the heteroatomic Mo-doping in the Ni 0.85 Se can regulate the local electronic configuration of the Mo x -Ni 0.85 Se/MoSe 2 heterostructure catalyst by altering the coordination environment and orbital hybridization, thereby weakening the bonding interaction between the Cl and Se/Mo. This synergistic effect for the Mo x -Ni 0.85 Se/MoSe 2 heterostructure will simultaneously enhance the catalytic activity and durability, without poisoning or corrosion of the chloride ions., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Under Xinjiang winter wheat seeding pattern, in order to sort out proper phosphorus application (PA) and find out the effects and mechanism of PA on population structure, photosynthesis characteristics and yield and provide reliable evidence for PA management of winter wheat, we arranged a two-factor complete split-plot design of wheat variety "Xindong 22". The main area consisted of two seeding ways: drill seeding pattern (D) and uniform seeding pattern (U), while in the sub-area there were four levels of PA(P 2 O 5 ): 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg·hm -2 (represented by P 0 , P 60 , P 120 and P 180 for those treatments, respectively). The results showed that the earbearing percentage in U was 15.9% higher than that in D, and the other features (PAR interception rate, extinction coefficient, leaf area index, SPAD and photosynthetic parameters) were more optimal in 120 kg·hm -2 treatment. Our results showed that the 120 kg·hm -2 treatment in U would be the optimal option with respect to population structure, photosynthetic characteristics, and yield.

This study aims to detect the expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in lung carcinoma A549 cells, and to investigate the effects of mGluR8 and mGluR4 activation on the growth of A549 cells in vitro. The mRNA expression levels of the 8 subtypes of mGluRs in A549 cells were determined by real-time PCR. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the protein expression of mGluR4 and mGluR8 in A549 cells and lung tissue sections obtained from lung adenocarcinoma patients. To observe the effects of mGluR8 and mGluR4 activation on the growth of A549 cells, the cultured cells were treated with (S)-3,4-DCPG (an agonist of mGluR8) and VU0155041 (an agonist of mGluR4), respectively, and then the cell viability was analyzed by CCK-8 kit, the percentage of DNA synthesis was detected by EdU incorporation, and the apoptosis of the cells was measured by hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry. The results showed that there were low expressions of mGluR1, mGluR5, mGluR6, mGluR7 mRNA, no expression of mGluR2 and mGluR3 mRNA, and high expressions of mGluR8 and mGluR4 mRNA in A549 cells. Accordingly, there were also mGluR4 and mGluR8 protein expressions in the A549 cells and the lung adenocarcinoma tissue sections. VU0155041 had no effect on the growth of A549 cells, but (S)-3,4-DCPG significantly decreased the cells' growth in a dose-dependent manner and increased the apoptosis of the cells. The results revealed a role of mGluR8 in the growth and apoptosis of A549 cells and suggested a potential target for clinical treatment of lung cancer.