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1. Broadly inhibitory antibodies to severe malaria virulence proteins

Author

Reyes, Raphael A., Raghavan, Sai Sundar Rajan, Hurlburt, Nicholas K., Introini, Viola, Bol, Sebastiaan, Kana, Ikhlaq Hussain, Jensen, Rasmus W., Martinez-Scholze, Elizabeth, Gestal-Mato, María, López-Gutiérrez, Borja, Sanz, Silvia, Bancells, Cristina, Fernández-Quintero, Monica Lisa, Loeffler, Johannes R., Ferguson, James Alexander, Lee, Wen-Hsin, Martin, Greg Michael, Theander, Thor G., Lusingu, John P. A., Minja, Daniel T. R., Ssewanyana, Isaac, Feeney, Margaret E., Greenhouse, Bryan, Ward, Andrew B., Bernabeu, Maria, Pancera, Marie, Turner, Louise, Bunnik, Evelien M., and Lavstsen, Thomas

Published
2024
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2. Antibiotic-Resistant Arcobacter spp. in commercial and smallholder farm animals in Asante Akim North Municipality, Ghana and Korogwe Town Council, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

Author

Paintsil, Ellis Kobina, Ofori, Linda Aurelia, Akenten, Charity Wiafe, Zautner, Andreas E., Mbwana, Joyce, Khan, Neyaz Ahmed, Lusingu, John P. A., Kaseka, Joseph, Minja, Daniel T. R., Gesase, Samwel, Jaeger, Anna, Lamshöft, Maike, May, Jürgen, Obiri-Danso, Kwasi, Krumkamp, Ralf, and Dekker, Denise

Published
2023
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4. A genomic appraisal of invasive Salmonella Typhimurium and associated antibiotic resistance in sub-Saharan Africa

Author

Van Puyvelde, Sandra, de Block, Tessa, Sridhar, Sushmita, Bawn, Matt, Kingsley, Robert A., Ingelbeen, Brecht, Beale, Mathew A., Barbé, Barbara, Jeon, Hyon Jin, Mbuyi-Kalonji, Lisette, Phoba, Marie-France, Falay, Dadi, Martiny, Delphine, Vandenberg, Olivier, Affolabi, Dissou, Rutanga, Jean Pierre, Ceyssens, Pieter-Jan, Mattheus, Wesley, Cuypers, Wim L., van der Sande, Marianne A. B., Park, Se Eun, Kariuki, Simon, Otieno, Kephas, Lusingu, John P. A., Mbwana, Joyce R., Adjei, Samuel, Sarfo, Anima, Agyei, Seth O., Asante, Kwaku P., Otieno, Walter, Otieno, Lucas, Tahita, Marc C., Lompo, Palpouguini, Hoffman, Irving F., Mvalo, Tisungane, Msefula, Chisomo, Hassan-Hanga, Fatimah, Obaro, Stephen, Mackenzie, Grant, Deborggraeve, Stijn, Feasey, Nicholas, Marks, Florian, MacLennan, Calman A., Thomson, Nicholas R., Jacobs, Jan, Dougan, Gordon, Kariuki, Samuel, and Lunguya, Octavie

Published
2023
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6. Implementation research of a cluster randomized trial evaluating the implementation and effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria using dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine on reducing malaria burden in school-aged children in Tanzania: methodology, challenges, and mitigation

Author

Makenga, Geofrey, Seth, Misago D., Baraka, Vito, Mmbando, Bruno P., Challe, Daniel P., Francis, Filbert, Mhina, Athanas, Minja, Daniel T. R., Chiduo, Mercy, Mandara, Celine, Liheluka, Edwin, Gesase, Samwel, Segeja, Method, Mtove, George, Kamugisha, Mathias, Lusasi, Abdallah, Chacky, Frank, David, Anna, Thawer, Sumaiyya, Mohamed, Ally, Lazaro, Samwel, Molteni, Fabrizio, Nkayamba, Alex, Van geertruyden, Jean-Pierre, and Lusingu, John P. A.

Published
2023
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7. The person-to-person transmission landscape of the gut and oral microbiomes

Author

Valles-Colomer, Mireia, Blanco-Míguez, Aitor, Manghi, Paolo, Asnicar, Francesco, Dubois, Leonard, Golzato, Davide, Armanini, Federica, Cumbo, Fabio, Huang, Kun D., Manara, Serena, Masetti, Giulia, Pinto, Federica, Piperni, Elisa, Punčochář, Michal, Ricci, Liviana, Zolfo, Moreno, Farrant, Olivia, Goncalves, Adriana, Selma-Royo, Marta, Binetti, Ana G., Becerra, Jimmy E., Han, Bei, Lusingu, John, Amuasi, John, Amoroso, Loredana, Visconti, Alessia, Steves, Claire M., Falchi, Mario, Filosi, Michele, Tett, Adrian, Last, Anna, Xu, Qian, Qin, Nan, Qin, Huanlong, May, Jürgen, Eibach, Daniel, Corrias, Maria Valeria, Ponzoni, Mirco, Pasolli, Edoardo, Spector, Tim D., Domenici, Enrico, Collado, Maria Carmen, and Segata, Nicola

Published
2023
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9. The choice of reference chart affects the strength of the association between malaria in pregnancy and small for gestational age: an individual participant data meta-analysis comparing the Intergrowth-21 with a Tanzanian birthweight chart

Author

Mtove, George, Minja, Daniel T. R., Abdul, Omari, Gesase, Samwel, Maleta, Kenneth, Divala, Titus H., Patson, Noel, Ashorn, Ulla, Laufer, Miriam K., Madanitsa, Mwayiwawo, Ashorn, Per, Mathanga, Don, Chinkhumba, Jobiba, Gutman, Julie R., ter Kuile, Feiko O., Møller, Sofie Lykke, Bygbjerg, Ib C., Alifrangis, Michael, Theander, Thor, Lusingu, John P. A., and Schmiegelow, Christentze

Published
2022
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11. Malaria, malnutrition, and birthweight: A meta-analysis using individual participant data.

Author

Cates, Jordan E, Unger, Holger W, Briand, Valerie, Fievet, Nadine, Valea, Innocent, Tinto, Halidou, D'Alessandro, Umberto, Landis, Sarah H, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Dewey, Kathryn G, Ter Kuile, Feiko O, Desai, Meghna, Dellicour, Stephanie, Ouma, Peter, Gutman, Julie, Oneko, Martina, Slutsker, Laurence, Terlouw, Dianne J, Kariuki, Simon, Ayisi, John, Madanitsa, Mwayiwawo, Mwapasa, Victor, Ashorn, Per, Maleta, Kenneth, Mueller, Ivo, Stanisic, Danielle, Schmiegelow, Christentze, Lusingu, John PA, van Eijk, Anna Maria, Bauserman, Melissa, Adair, Linda, Cole, Stephen R, Westreich, Daniel, Meshnick, Steven, and Rogerson, Stephen

Subjects
Humans, Malaria, Malnutrition, Prevalence, Pregnancy, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Africa South of the Sahara, Asia, Pacific Islands, Female, General & Internal Medicine, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

BackgroundFour studies previously indicated that the effect of malaria infection during pregnancy on the risk of low birthweight (LBW;

Published
2017

12. Understanding pre‐hospital disease management of fever and diarrhoea in children—Care pathways in rural Tanzania.

Author

Lamshöft, Maike Maria, Liheluka, Edwin, Ginski, Greta, Lusingu, John P. A., Minja, Daniel, Gesase, Samwel, Mbwana, Joyce, Gesase, George, Rautman, Lydia, Loag, Wibke, May, Jürgen, Dekker, Denise, and Krumkamp, Ralf

Abstract

Objective: Many children in sub‐Saharan Africa die from infectious diseases like malaria, pneumonia, and diarrhoea that can be prevented by early diagnosis, effective and targeted treatment. This study aimed to gain insights into case management practices by parents before they present their children to hospital. Methods: We conducted a cross‐sectional study among 332 parents attending a district hospital with their under‐fives symptomatic with fever and/or diarrhoea between November 2019 and July 2020 in rural Tanzania. Timely and targeted treatment was defined as seeking health care within 24 h of fever onset, and continued fluid intake in case of diarrhoea. Results: The main admission diagnoses were acute respiratory infections (61.8%), malaria (25.3%), diarrhoea (18.4%) and suspected sepsis (8.1%). The majority of children (91%) received treatment prior to admission, mostly antipyretics (75.6%), local herbal medicines (26.8%), and antibiotics (17.8%)—half of them without prescription from a clinician. For diarrhoea, the use of oral rehydration solution was rare (9.0%), although perceived as easily accessible and affordable. 49.4% of the parents presented their children directly to the hospital, 23.2% went to a pharmacy/drug shop and 19.3% to a primary health facility first. Malaria symptoms began mostly 3 days before the hospital visit; only 25.4% of febrile children visited any health facility within 24 h of disease onset. Prior use of local herbal medicine (AOR = 3.2; 95% CI 1.4–7.3), visiting the pharmacy (adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 3.1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0–9.8), the dispensary being the nearest health facility (AOR = 3.0; 95% CI: 1.5–6.2), and financial difficulties (AOR = 2.2; 95% CI 1.1–4.5) were associated with delayed treatment. Conclusion: This study suggests that antipyretics and antibiotics dispensed at pharmacies/drug shops, as well as use of local herbal medicines, delay early diagnosis and treatment, which can be life‐threatening. Pharmacies/drug shops could be integrated as key focal points for sensitising community members on how to respond to paediatric illnesses and encourage the use of oral rehydration solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. Neonatal mortality risk of vulnerable newborns by fine stratum of gestational age and birthweight for 230 679 live births in nine low‐ and middle‐income countries, 2000–2017

Author

Hazel, Elizabeth A., primary, Erchick, Daniel J., additional, Katz, Joanne, additional, Lee, Anne C. C., additional, Diaz, Michael, additional, Wu, Lee S. F., additional, West, Keith P., additional, Shamim, Abu Ahmed, additional, Christian, Parul, additional, Ali, Hasmot, additional, Baqui, Abdullah H., additional, Saha, Samir K., additional, Ahmed, Salahuddin, additional, Roy, Arunangshu Dutta, additional, Silveira, Mariângela F., additional, Buffarini, Romina, additional, Shapiro, Roger, additional, Zash, Rebecca, additional, Kolsteren, Patrick, additional, Lachat, Carl, additional, Huybregts, Lieven, additional, Roberfroid, Dominique, additional, Zhu, Zhonghai, additional, Zeng, Lingxia, additional, Gebreyesus, Seifu H., additional, Tesfamariam, Kokeb, additional, Adu‐Afarwuah, Seth, additional, Dewey, Kathryn G., additional, Gyaase, Stephaney, additional, Poku‐Asante, Kwaku, additional, Boamah Kaali, Ellen, additional, Jack, Darby, additional, Ravilla, Thulasiraj, additional, Tielsch, James, additional, Taneja, Sunita, additional, Chowdhury, Ranadip, additional, Ashorn, Per, additional, Maleta, Kenneth, additional, Ashorn, Ulla, additional, Mangani, Charles, additional, Mullany, Luke C., additional, Khatry, Subarna K., additional, Ramokolo, Vundli, additional, Zembe‐Mkabile, Wanga, additional, Fawzi, Wafaie W., additional, Wang, Dongqing, additional, Schmiegelow, Christentze, additional, Minja, Daniel, additional, Msemo, Omari Abdul, additional, Lusingu, John P. A., additional, Smith, Emily R., additional, Masanja, Honorati, additional, Mongkolchati, Aroonsri, additional, Keentupthai, Paniya, additional, Kakuru, Abel, additional, Kajubi, Richard, additional, Semrau, Katherine, additional, Hamer, Davidson H., additional, Manasyan, Albert, additional, Pry, Jake M., additional, Chasekwa, Bernard, additional, Humphrey, Jean, additional, and Black, Robert E., additional

Published
2024
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14. Maternal Malaria and Malnutrition (M3) initiative, a pooled birth cohort of 13 pregnancy studies in Africa and the Western Pacific.

Author

Unger, Holger W, Cates, Jordan E, Gutman, Julie, Briand, Valerie, Fievet, Nadine, Valea, Innocent, Tinto, Halidou, d'Alessandro, Umberto, Landis, Sarah H, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Dewey, Kathryn G, Ter Kuile, Feiko, Dellicour, Stephanie, Ouma, Peter, Slutsker, Laurence, Terlouw, Dianne J, Kariuki, Simon, Ayisi, John, Nahlen, Bernard, Desai, Meghna, Madanitsa, Mwayi, Kalilani-Phiri, Linda, Ashorn, Per, Maleta, Kenneth, Mueller, Ivo, Stanisic, Danielle, Schmiegelow, Christentze, Lusingu, John, Westreich, Daniel, van Eijk, Anna Maria, Meshnick, Steven, and Rogerson, Stephen

Subjects
Humans, Malaria, Pregnancy Complications, Malnutrition, Prenatal Care, Cohort Studies, Nutritional Status, Fetal Development, Gestational Age, Pregnancy, Adult, Infant, Newborn, Africa, Papua New Guinea, Female, Male, Datasets as Topic, malaria, malnutrition, pregnancy, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Other Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

PurposeThe Maternal Malaria and Malnutrition (M3) initiative has pooled together 13 studies with the hope of improving understanding of malaria-nutrition interactions during pregnancy and to foster collaboration between nutritionists and malariologists.ParticipantsData were pooled on 14 635 singleton, live birth pregnancies from women who had participated in 1 of 13 pregnancy studies. The 13 studies cover 8 countries in Africa and Papua New Guinea in the Western Pacific conducted from 1996 to 2015.Findings to dateData are available at the time of antenatal enrolment of women into their respective parent study and at delivery. The data set comprises essential data such as malaria infection status, anthropometric assessments of maternal nutritional status, presence of anaemia and birth weight, as well as additional variables such gestational age at delivery for a subset of women. Participating studies are described in detail with regard to setting and primary outcome measures, and summarised data are available from each contributing cohort.Future plansThis pooled birth cohort is the largest pregnancy data set to date to permit a more definite evaluation of the impact of plausible interactions between poor nutritional status and malaria infection in pregnant women on fetal growth and gestational length. Given the current comparative lack of large pregnancy cohorts in malaria-endemic settings, compilation of suitable pregnancy cohorts is likely to provide adequate statistical power to assess malaria-nutrition interactions, and could point towards settings where such interactions are most relevant. The M3 cohort may thus help to identify pregnant women at high risk of adverse outcomes who may benefit from tailored intensive antenatal care including nutritional supplements and alternative or intensified malaria prevention regimens, and the settings in which these interventions would be most effective.

Published
2016

16. Epidemiology and multiple colonization of gastrointestinal pathogens in rural Tanzanian children with and without diarrhea: A case-control study.

Author

Chercos, Daniel Haile, Wafula, Solomon T., Lusingu, John P. A., Minja, Daniel T. R., Gesase, Samwel, Mbwana, Joyce R., Schotte, Ulrich, May, Jürgen, Mardeis, Lea, Jaeger, Anna, Rojak, Sandra, Lamshöft, Maike, Kaseka, Joseph, Lorenz, Eva, Frickmann, Hagen, and Dekker, Denise

Subjects
COLONIZATION (Ecology), RURAL children, SHIGELLOSIS, ESCHERICHIA coli, RESOURCE-limited settings, NOROVIRUSES
Abstract

Diarrheal diseases are important causes of morbidity and mortality, worldwide. The occurrence of multiple pathogens in stool samples of symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals in resource-limited countries have been repeatedly described. In this study, we assessed the differentiated effects of combined pathogen detections on recorded symptoms. A case-control study was conducted among 620 under-five-year-old children in rural northeastern Tanzania with emphasis of multiple detection. The median age of children was 11 months (IQR = 7, 20), and 52.1% were male. Cases (50.2%, n = 157) were less likely than controls (64.5%, n = 198) to have multiple colonization with gastrointestinal tract (GIT) pathogens. The children's age was positively associated with the likelihood of harboring multiple GIT pathogens [OR, 1.02, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.04]. Shigella spp./enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) [OR = 2.80, 95% CI 1.62, 4.83] and norovirus [OR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.23, 3.39] were more common in cases and were strongly associated with diarrhea, while enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) [OR = 0.23, 95%CI 0.17–0.33] were more common in controls. Diarrheal diseases in under-five children from rural Tanzania are likely to be due to infections with Shigella spp./EIEC, and norovirus with strongly age-dependent associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Neonatal mortality risk of vulnerable newborns: A descriptive analysis of subnational, population‐based birth cohorts for 238 143 live births in low‐ and middle‐income settings from 2000 to 2017

Author

Hazel, Elizabeth A., primary, Erchick, Daniel J., additional, Katz, Joanne, additional, Lee, Anne C. C., additional, Diaz, Michael, additional, Wu, Lee S. F., additional, West, Keith P., additional, Shamim, Abu Ahmed, additional, Christian, Parul, additional, Ali, Hasmot, additional, Baqui, Abdullah H., additional, Saha, Samir K., additional, Ahmed, Salahuddin, additional, Roy, Arunangshu Dutta, additional, Silveira, Mariângela F., additional, Buffarini, Romina, additional, Shapiro, Roger, additional, Zash, Rebecca, additional, Kolsteren, Patrick, additional, Lachat, Carl, additional, Huybregts, Lieven, additional, Roberfroid, Dominique, additional, Zhu, Zhonghai, additional, Zeng, Lingxia, additional, Gebreyesus, Seifu H., additional, Tesfamariam, Kokeb, additional, Adu‐Afarwuah, Seth, additional, Dewey, Kathryn G., additional, Gyaase, Stephaney, additional, Poku‐Asante, Kwaku, additional, Boamah Kaali, Ellen, additional, Jack, Darby, additional, Ravilla, Thulasiraj, additional, Tielsch, James, additional, Taneja, Sunita, additional, Chowdhury, Ranadip, additional, Ashorn, Per, additional, Maleta, Kenneth, additional, Ashorn, Ulla, additional, Mangani, Charles, additional, Mullany, Luke C., additional, Khatry, Subarna K., additional, Ramokolo, Vundli, additional, Zembe‐Mkabile, Wanga, additional, Fawzi, Wafaie W., additional, Wang, Dongqing, additional, Schmiegelow, Christentze, additional, Minja, Daniel, additional, Msemo, Omari Abdul, additional, Lusingu, John P. A., additional, Smith, Emily R., additional, Masanja, Honorati, additional, Mongkolchati, Aroonsri, additional, Keentupthai, Paniya, additional, Kakuru, Abel, additional, Kajubi, Richard, additional, Semrau, Katherine, additional, Hamer, Davidson H., additional, Manasyan, Albert, additional, Pry, Jake M., additional, Chasekwa, Bernard, additional, Humphrey, Jean, additional, Black, Robert E., additional, Klemm, Rolf D. W., additional, Massie, Allan B., additional, Mitra, Maithilee, additional, Mehra, Sucheta, additional, Schulze, Kerry J., additional, Sommer, Alfred, additional, Ullah, Md. Barkat, additional, Labrique, Alain B., additional, Rashid, Mabhubur, additional, Shaikh, Saijuddin, additional, Begum, Nazma, additional, Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque, additional, Islam, Md. Shafiqul, additional, Khanam, Rasheda, additional, Mitra, Dipak Kumar, additional, Quaiyum, Abdul, additional, Diseko, Modiegi, additional, Makhema, Joseph, additional, Cheng, Yue, additional, Roro, Meselech, additional, Endris, Bilal Shikur, additional, Arnold, Charles D., additional, Bahl, Rajiv, additional, Bhandari, Nita, additional, Martines, Jose, additional, Mazumder, Sarmila, additional, Hallamaa, Lotta, additional, Pyykkö, Juha, additional, Urassa, Willy, additional, Deloron, Phillippe, additional, Bygbjerg, Ib Christian, additional, Moeller, Sofie Lykke, additional, Theander, Thor Grundtvig, additional, Muhihi, Alfa, additional, Noor, Ramadhani Abdallah, additional, Kamya, Moses R., additional, Nakalembe, Miriam, additional, Biemba, Godfrey, additional, Herlihy, Julie M., additional, Mbewe, Reuben K., additional, Mweena, Fern, additional, Yeboah‐Antwi, Kojo, additional, Prendergast, Andrew, additional, Lawn, Joy E., additional, Blencowe, Hannah, additional, Ohuma, Eric, additional, Okwaraji, Yemi, additional, Yargawa, Judith, additional, Bradley, Ellen, additional, and Idueta, Lorena Suarez, additional

Published
2023
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18. Effect of monthly intermittent preventive treatment with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine with and without azithromycin versus monthly sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine on adverse pregnancy outcomes in Africa:a double-blind randomised, partly placebo-controlled trial

Author

Madanitsa, Mwayiwawo, Barsosio, Hellen C, Minja, Daniel T R, Mtove, George, Kavishe, Reginald A, Dodd, James, Saidi, Queen, Onyango, Eric D, Otieno, Kephas, Wang, Duolao, Ashorn, Ulla, Hill, Jenny, Mukerebe, Crispin, Gesase, Samwel, Msemo, Omari A, Mwapasa, Victor, Phiri, Kamija S, Maleta, Kenneth, Klein, Nigel, Magnussen, Pascal, Lusingu, John P A, Kariuki, Simon, Mosha, Jacklin F, Alifrangis, Michael, Hansson, Helle, Schmiegelow, Christentze, Gutman, Julie R, Chico, R Matthew, Ter Kuile, Feiko O, Madanitsa, Mwayiwawo, Barsosio, Hellen C, Minja, Daniel T R, Mtove, George, Kavishe, Reginald A, Dodd, James, Saidi, Queen, Onyango, Eric D, Otieno, Kephas, Wang, Duolao, Ashorn, Ulla, Hill, Jenny, Mukerebe, Crispin, Gesase, Samwel, Msemo, Omari A, Mwapasa, Victor, Phiri, Kamija S, Maleta, Kenneth, Klein, Nigel, Magnussen, Pascal, Lusingu, John P A, Kariuki, Simon, Mosha, Jacklin F, Alifrangis, Michael, Hansson, Helle, Schmiegelow, Christentze, Gutman, Julie R, Chico, R Matthew, and Ter Kuile, Feiko O

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine is more effective than IPTp with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine at reducing malaria infection during pregnancy in areas with high-grade resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine by Plasmodium falciparum in east Africa. We aimed to assess whether IPTp with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, alone or combined with azithromycin, can reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes compared with IPTp with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine.METHODS: We did an individually randomised, double-blind, three-arm, partly placebo-controlled trial in areas of high sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Kenya, Malawi, and Tanzania. HIV-negative women with a viable singleton pregnancy were randomly assigned (1:1:1) by computer-generated block randomisation, stratified by site and gravidity, to receive monthly IPTp with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (500 mg of sulfadoxine and 25 mg of pyrimethamine for 1 day), monthly IPTp with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (dosed by weight; three to five tablets containing 40 mg of dihydroartemisinin and 320 mg of piperaquine once daily for 3 consecutive days) plus a single treatment course of placebo, or monthly IPTp with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus a single treatment course of azithromycin (two tablets containing 500 mg once daily for 2 consecutive days). Outcome assessors in the delivery units were masked to treatment group. The composite primary endpoint was adverse pregnancy outcome, defined as fetal loss, adverse newborn baby outcomes (small for gestational age, low birthweight, or preterm), or neonatal death. The primary analysis was by modified intention to treat, consisting of all randomised participants with primary endpoint data. Women who received at least one dose of study drug were included in the safety analyses. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03208179.FINDINGS: From March-29, 2018, to July 5, 2019, 4680 women (mean age 2

Published
2023

19. Fetal growth and birth weight are independently reduced by malaria infection and curable sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections in Kenya, Tanzania, and Malawi:A pregnancy cohort study

Author

Mtove, George, Chico, R Matthew, Madanitsa, Mwayiwawo, Barsosio, Hellen C, Msemo, Omari Abdul, Saidi, Queen, Gore-Langton, Georgia R, Minja, Daniel T R, Mukerebe, Crispin, Gesase, Samwel, Mwapasa, Victor, Phiri, Kamija S, Hansson, Helle, Dodd, James, Magnussen, Pascal, Kavishe, Reginald A, Mosha, Franklin, Kariuki, Simon, Lusingu, John P A, Gutman, Julie R, Alifrangis, Michael, Ter Kuile, Feiko O, Schmiegelow, Christentze, Mtove, George, Chico, R Matthew, Madanitsa, Mwayiwawo, Barsosio, Hellen C, Msemo, Omari Abdul, Saidi, Queen, Gore-Langton, Georgia R, Minja, Daniel T R, Mukerebe, Crispin, Gesase, Samwel, Mwapasa, Victor, Phiri, Kamija S, Hansson, Helle, Dodd, James, Magnussen, Pascal, Kavishe, Reginald A, Mosha, Franklin, Kariuki, Simon, Lusingu, John P A, Gutman, Julie R, Alifrangis, Michael, Ter Kuile, Feiko O, and Schmiegelow, Christentze

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Malaria and sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections (STIs/RTIs) are highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa and associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. We investigated the individual and combined effects of malaria and curable STIs/RTIs on fetal growth in Kenya, Tanzania, and Malawi.METHODS: This study was nested within a randomized trial comparing monthly intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine vs dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, alone or combined with azithromycin. Fetal weight gain was assessed by serial prenatal ultrasound. Malaria was assessed monthly, and Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, and bacterial vaginosis at enrollment and in the third trimester. The effect of malaria and STIs/RTIs on fetal weight/birthweight Z-scores was evaluated using mixed-effects linear regression.RESULTS: In total, 1435 pregnant women had fetal/birth weight assessed 3950 times. Compared to women without malaria or STIs/RTIs (n = 399), malaria-only (n = 267), STIs/RTIs only (n = 410) or both (n = 353) were associated with reduced fetal growth (adjusted mean difference in fetal/birth weight Z-score [95% confidence interval]: malaria = -0.18 [-0.31,-0.04], P = 0.01; STIs/RTIs = -0.14 [-0.26,-0.03], P = 0.01; both = -0.20 [-0.33,-0.07], P = 0.003). Paucigravidae experienced the greatest impact.CONCLUSION: Malaria and STIs/RTIs are associated with poor fetal growth especially among paucigravidae women with dual infections. Integrated antenatal interventions are needed to reduce the burden of both malaria and STIs/RTIs.

Published
2023

20. Comparison of artesunate–mefloquine and artemether–lumefantrine fixed-dose combinations for treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children younger than 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa: a randomised, multicentre, phase 4 trial

Author

Sirima, Sodiomon B, Ogutu, Bernhards, Lusingu, John P A, Mtoro, Ali, Mrango, Zakayo, Ouedraogo, Alphonse, Yaro, Jean Baptiste, Onyango, Kevin Omondi, Gesase, Samwel, Mnkande, Ernest, Ngocho, James Samwel, Ackermann, Isabelle, Aubin, François, Vanraes, Joelle, Strub, Nathalie, and Carn, Gwenaelle

Published
2016
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22. Effect of monthly intermittent preventive treatment with dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine with and without azithromycin versus monthly sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine on adverse pregnancy outcomes in Africa: a double-blind randomised, partly placebo-controlled trial

Author

Madanitsa, Mwayiwawo, primary, Barsosio, Hellen C, additional, Minja, Daniel T R, additional, Mtove, George, additional, Kavishe, Reginald A, additional, Dodd, James, additional, Saidi, Queen, additional, Onyango, Eric D, additional, Otieno, Kephas, additional, Wang, Duolao, additional, Ashorn, Ulla, additional, Hill, Jenny, additional, Mukerebe, Crispin, additional, Gesase, Samwel, additional, Msemo, Omari A, additional, Mwapasa, Victor, additional, Phiri, Kamija S, additional, Maleta, Kenneth, additional, Klein, Nigel, additional, Magnussen, Pascal, additional, Lusingu, John P A, additional, Kariuki, Simon, additional, Mosha, Jacklin F, additional, Alifrangis, Michael, additional, Hansson, Helle, additional, Schmiegelow, Christentze, additional, Gutman, Julie R, additional, Chico, R Matthew, additional, and ter Kuile, Feiko O, additional

Published
2023
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23. Ethnomedicinal health seeking practices and their associated treatment outcomes in managing diarrheal diseases among under-five-year-old children in Korogwe and Handeni Districts, Tanzania: Protocol for a cross-sectional mixed method study

Author

Liheluka, Edwin, primary, Gibore, Sophia Nyasiro, additional, Lusingu, John P. A., additional, Gesase, Samwel, additional, Minja, Daniel T. R., additional, Lamshöft, Maike, additional, Dekker, Denise, additional, and Bali, Theodora, additional

Published
2023
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24. Additional file 9 of Implementation research of a cluster randomized trial evaluating the implementation and effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria using dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine on reducing malaria burden in school-aged children in Tanzania: methodology, challenges, and mitigation

Author

Makenga, Geofrey, Seth, Misago D., Baraka, Vito, Mmbando, Bruno P., Challe, Daniel P., Francis, Filbert, Mhina, Athanas, Minja, Daniel T. R., Chiduo, Mercy, Mandara, Celine, Liheluka, Edwin, Gesase, Samwel, Segeja, Method, Mtove, George, Kamugisha, Mathias, Lusasi, Abdallah, Chacky, Frank, David, Anna, Thawer, Sumaiyya, Mohamed, Ally, Lazaro, Samwel, Molteni, Fabrizio, Nkayamba, Alex, Van geertruyden, Jean-Pierre, and Lusingu, John P. A.

Abstract

Additional file 9: Appendix S9. Clinical episodes recording form.

Published
2023
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25. Additional file 2 of Implementation research of a cluster randomized trial evaluating the implementation and effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria using dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine on reducing malaria burden in school-aged children in Tanzania: methodology, challenges, and mitigation

Author

Makenga, Geofrey, Seth, Misago D., Baraka, Vito, Mmbando, Bruno P., Challe, Daniel P., Francis, Filbert, Mhina, Athanas, Minja, Daniel T. R., Chiduo, Mercy, Mandara, Celine, Liheluka, Edwin, Gesase, Samwel, Segeja, Method, Mtove, George, Kamugisha, Mathias, Lusasi, Abdallah, Chacky, Frank, David, Anna, Thawer, Sumaiyya, Mohamed, Ally, Lazaro, Samwel, Molteni, Fabrizio, Nkayamba, Alex, Van geertruyden, Jean-Pierre, and Lusingu, John P. A.

Abstract

Additional file 2: Appendix S2. Drug dispensing log.

Published
2023
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26. Additional file 3 of Implementation research of a cluster randomized trial evaluating the implementation and effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria using dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine on reducing malaria burden in school-aged children in Tanzania: methodology, challenges, and mitigation

Author

Makenga, Geofrey, Seth, Misago D., Baraka, Vito, Mmbando, Bruno P., Challe, Daniel P., Francis, Filbert, Mhina, Athanas, Minja, Daniel T. R., Chiduo, Mercy, Mandara, Celine, Liheluka, Edwin, Gesase, Samwel, Segeja, Method, Mtove, George, Kamugisha, Mathias, Lusasi, Abdallah, Chacky, Frank, David, Anna, Thawer, Sumaiyya, Mohamed, Ally, Lazaro, Samwel, Molteni, Fabrizio, Nkayamba, Alex, Van geertruyden, Jean-Pierre, and Lusingu, John P. A.

Abstract

Additional file 3: Appendix S3. Drug dispensing information sheet.

Published
2023
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27. Additional file 1 of Implementation research of a cluster randomized trial evaluating the implementation and effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria using dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine on reducing malaria burden in school-aged children in Tanzania: methodology, challenges, and mitigation

Author

Makenga, Geofrey, Seth, Misago D., Baraka, Vito, Mmbando, Bruno P., Challe, Daniel P., Francis, Filbert, Mhina, Athanas, Minja, Daniel T. R., Chiduo, Mercy, Mandara, Celine, Liheluka, Edwin, Gesase, Samwel, Segeja, Method, Mtove, George, Kamugisha, Mathias, Lusasi, Abdallah, Chacky, Frank, David, Anna, Thawer, Sumaiyya, Mohamed, Ally, Lazaro, Samwel, Molteni, Fabrizio, Nkayamba, Alex, Van geertruyden, Jean-Pierre, and Lusingu, John P. A.

Abstract

Additional file 1: Appendix S1. Drug accountability log.

Published
2023
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28. Additional file 8 of Implementation research of a cluster randomized trial evaluating the implementation and effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria using dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine on reducing malaria burden in school-aged children in Tanzania: methodology, challenges, and mitigation

Author

Makenga, Geofrey, Seth, Misago D., Baraka, Vito, Mmbando, Bruno P., Challe, Daniel P., Francis, Filbert, Mhina, Athanas, Minja, Daniel T. R., Chiduo, Mercy, Mandara, Celine, Liheluka, Edwin, Gesase, Samwel, Segeja, Method, Mtove, George, Kamugisha, Mathias, Lusasi, Abdallah, Chacky, Frank, David, Anna, Thawer, Sumaiyya, Mohamed, Ally, Lazaro, Samwel, Molteni, Fabrizio, Nkayamba, Alex, Van geertruyden, Jean-Pierre, and Lusingu, John P. A.

Abstract

Additional file 8: Appendix S8. Referral form.

Published
2023
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29. Additional file 6 of Implementation research of a cluster randomized trial evaluating the implementation and effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria using dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine on reducing malaria burden in school-aged children in Tanzania: methodology, challenges, and mitigation

Author

Makenga, Geofrey, Seth, Misago D., Baraka, Vito, Mmbando, Bruno P., Challe, Daniel P., Francis, Filbert, Mhina, Athanas, Minja, Daniel T. R., Chiduo, Mercy, Mandara, Celine, Liheluka, Edwin, Gesase, Samwel, Segeja, Method, Mtove, George, Kamugisha, Mathias, Lusasi, Abdallah, Chacky, Frank, David, Anna, Thawer, Sumaiyya, Mohamed, Ally, Lazaro, Samwel, Molteni, Fabrizio, Nkayamba, Alex, Van geertruyden, Jean-Pierre, and Lusingu, John P. A.

Abstract

Additional file 6: Appendix S6. Supervision form.

Published
2023
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30. Additional file 4 of Implementation research of a cluster randomized trial evaluating the implementation and effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria using dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine on reducing malaria burden in school-aged children in Tanzania: methodology, challenges, and mitigation

Author

Makenga, Geofrey, Seth, Misago D., Baraka, Vito, Mmbando, Bruno P., Challe, Daniel P., Francis, Filbert, Mhina, Athanas, Minja, Daniel T. R., Chiduo, Mercy, Mandara, Celine, Liheluka, Edwin, Gesase, Samwel, Segeja, Method, Mtove, George, Kamugisha, Mathias, Lusasi, Abdallah, Chacky, Frank, David, Anna, Thawer, Sumaiyya, Mohamed, Ally, Lazaro, Samwel, Molteni, Fabrizio, Nkayamba, Alex, Van geertruyden, Jean-Pierre, and Lusingu, John P. A.

Abstract

Additional file 4: Appendix S4. Adverse drug reaction reporting form.

Published
2023
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31. Additional file 5 of Implementation research of a cluster randomized trial evaluating the implementation and effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria using dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine on reducing malaria burden in school-aged children in Tanzania: methodology, challenges, and mitigation

Author

Makenga, Geofrey, Seth, Misago D., Baraka, Vito, Mmbando, Bruno P., Challe, Daniel P., Francis, Filbert, Mhina, Athanas, Minja, Daniel T. R., Chiduo, Mercy, Mandara, Celine, Liheluka, Edwin, Gesase, Samwel, Segeja, Method, Mtove, George, Kamugisha, Mathias, Lusasi, Abdallah, Chacky, Frank, David, Anna, Thawer, Sumaiyya, Mohamed, Ally, Lazaro, Samwel, Molteni, Fabrizio, Nkayamba, Alex, Van geertruyden, Jean-Pierre, and Lusingu, John P. A.

Abstract

Additional file 5: Appendix S5. IPTsc coverage assessment form.

Published
2023
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33. The choice of reference chart affects the strength of the association between malaria in pregnancy and small for gestational age:an individual participant data meta-analysis comparing the Intergrowth-21 with a Tanzanian birthweight chart

Author

Mtove, George, Minja, Daniel T R, Abdul, Omari, Gesase, Samwel, Maleta, Kenneth, Divala, Titus H, Patson, Noel, Ashorn, Ulla, Laufer, Miriam K, Madanitsa, Mwayiwawo, Ashorn, Per, Mathanga, Don, Chinkhumba, Jobiba, Gutman, Julie R, Ter Kuile, Feiko O, Møller, Sofie Lykke, Bygbjerg, Ib C, Alifrangis, Michael, Theander, Thor, Lusingu, John P A, Schmiegelow, Christentze, Mtove, George, Minja, Daniel T R, Abdul, Omari, Gesase, Samwel, Maleta, Kenneth, Divala, Titus H, Patson, Noel, Ashorn, Ulla, Laufer, Miriam K, Madanitsa, Mwayiwawo, Ashorn, Per, Mathanga, Don, Chinkhumba, Jobiba, Gutman, Julie R, Ter Kuile, Feiko O, Møller, Sofie Lykke, Bygbjerg, Ib C, Alifrangis, Michael, Theander, Thor, Lusingu, John P A, and Schmiegelow, Christentze

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of small for gestational age (SGA) may vary depending on the chosen weight-for-gestational-age reference chart. An individual participant data meta-analysis was conducted to assess the implications of using a local reference (STOPPAM) instead of a universal reference (Intergrowth-21) on the association between malaria in pregnancy and SGA.METHODS: Individual participant data of 6,236 newborns were pooled from seven conveniently identified studies conducted in Tanzania and Malawi from 2003-2018 with data on malaria in pregnancy, birthweight, and ultrasound estimated gestational age. Mixed-effects regression models were used to compare the association between malaria in pregnancy and SGA when using the STOPPAM and the Intergrowth-21 references, respectively.RESULTS: The 10th percentile for birthweights-for-gestational age was lower for STOPPAM than for Intergrowth-21, leading to a prevalence of SGASTOPPAM of 14.2% and SGAIG21 of 18.0%, p < 0.001. The association between malaria in pregnancy and SGA was stronger for STOPPAM (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.30 [1.09-1.56], p < 0.01) than for Intergrowth-21 (aOR 1.19 [1.00-1.40], p = 0.04), particularly among paucigravidae (SGASTOPPAM aOR 1.36 [1.09-1.71], p < 0.01 vs SGAIG21 aOR 1.21 [0.97-1.50], p = 0.08).CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of SGA may be overestimated and the impact of malaria in pregnancy underestimated when using Intergrowth-21. Comparing local reference charts to global references when assessing and interpreting the impact of malaria in pregnancy may be appropriate.

Published
2022

34. Attributable risk factors for asymptomatic malaria and anaemia and their association with cognitive and psychomotor functions in schoolchildren of north-eastern Tanzania

Author

Makenga, Geofrey, Baraka, Vito, Francis, Filbert, Minja, Daniel T R, Gesase, Samwel, Kyaruzi, Edna, Mtove, George, Nakato, Swabra, Madebe, Rashid, Søeborg, Sif R, Langhoff, Kathrine H, Hansson, Helle S, Alifrangis, Michael, Lusingu, John P A, Van Geertruyden, Jean-Pierre, Makenga, Geofrey, Baraka, Vito, Francis, Filbert, Minja, Daniel T R, Gesase, Samwel, Kyaruzi, Edna, Mtove, George, Nakato, Swabra, Madebe, Rashid, Søeborg, Sif R, Langhoff, Kathrine H, Hansson, Helle S, Alifrangis, Michael, Lusingu, John P A, and Van Geertruyden, Jean-Pierre

Abstract

In Africa, children aged 5 to 15 years (school age) comprises more than 50% (>339 million) of the under 19 years population, and are highly burdened by malaria and anaemia that impair cognitive development. For the prospects of improving health in African citizens, understanding malaria and its relation to anaemia in school-aged children, it is crucial to inform targeted interventions for malaria control and accelerate elimination efforts as part of improved school health policy. We conducted a study to determine the risk factors for asymptomatic malaria and their association to anaemia. We explored the prevalence of antimalarial drug resistance as well as the association of asymptomatic malaria infection and anaemia on cognitive and psychomotor functions in school-aged children living in high endemic areas. This study was a comprehensive baseline survey, within the scope of a randomised, controlled trial on the effectiveness and safety of antimalarial drugs in preventing malaria and its related morbidity in schoolchildren. We enrolled 1,587 schoolchildren from 7 primary schools located in Muheza, north-eastern Tanzania. Finger-pricked blood samples were collected for estimation of malaria parasitaemia using a microscope, haemoglobin concentration using a haemoglobinometer, and markers of drug resistance processed from dried blood spots (DBS). Psychomotor and Cognitive functions were assessed using a '20 metre Shuttle run' and a test of everyday attention for children (TEA-Ch), respectively. The prevalence of asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia, anaemia and stunting was 26.4%, 49.8%, and 21.0%, respectively with marked variation across schools. In multivariate models, asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia attributed to 61% of anaemia with a respective population attribution fraction of 16%. Stunting, not sleeping under a bednet and illiterate parent or guardian were other factors attributing to 7%, 9%, and 5% of anaemia in the study population, respectively. Factors

Published
2022

35. Mapping the cord blood transcriptome of pregnancies affected by early maternal anemia to identify signatures of fetal programming

Author

Hatem, Gad, Hjort, Line, Asplund, Olof, Minja, Daniel T. R., Msemo, Omari Abdul, Møller, Sofie Lykke, Lavstsen, Thomas, Groth-Grunnet, Louise, Lusingu, John P A, Hansson, Ola, Christensen, Dirk Lund, Vaag, Allan A, Artner, Isabella, Theander, Thor, Groop, Leif, Schmiegelow, Christentze, Bygbjerg, Ib Christian, Prasad, Rashmi B, Hatem, Gad, Hjort, Line, Asplund, Olof, Minja, Daniel T. R., Msemo, Omari Abdul, Møller, Sofie Lykke, Lavstsen, Thomas, Groth-Grunnet, Louise, Lusingu, John P A, Hansson, Ola, Christensen, Dirk Lund, Vaag, Allan A, Artner, Isabella, Theander, Thor, Groop, Leif, Schmiegelow, Christentze, Bygbjerg, Ib Christian, and Prasad, Rashmi B

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Anemia during early pregnancy (EP) is common in developing countries and is associated with adverse health consequences for both mother and children. Offspring of women with EP anemia often have low birth-weight, the latter being a risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2D) later in life. Mechanisms underlying developmental programming of adult cardiometabolic disease include epigenetic and transcriptional alterations potentially detectable in umbilical cord blood (UCB) at time of birth.METHODS: We leveraged global transcriptome- and accompanying epigenome-wide changes in 48 UCB from newborns of EP-anemic Tanzanian mothers and 50 controls to identify differentially expressed genes (DEG) in UCB exposed to maternal EP-anemia. DEGs were assessed for association with neonatal anthropometry and cord insulin levels. These genes were further studied in expression data from human fetal pancreas and adult islets to understand their role in beta-cell development and/or function.RESULTS: The expression of 137 genes was altered in UCB of newborns exposed to maternal EP anemia. These putative signatures of fetal programming which included the birth-weight locus LCORL, were potentially mediated by epigenetic changes in 27 genes and associated with neonatal anthropometry. Among the DEGs were P2RX7, PIK3C2B, and NUMBL which potentially influence beta-cell development. Insulin levels were lower in EP anemia exposed UCB, supporting the notion of developmental programming of pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction and subsequently increased risk of T2D in offspring of EP anemic mothers.CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide proof-of-concept on distinct transcriptional and epigenetic changes detectable in UCB from newborns exposed to maternal EP anemia.

Published
2022

36. Attributable risk factors for asymptomatic malaria and anaemia and their association with cognitive and psychomotor functions in schoolchildren of north-eastern Tanzania

Author

Makenga, Geofrey, primary, Baraka, Vito, additional, Francis, Filbert, additional, Minja, Daniel T. R., additional, Gesase, Samwel, additional, Kyaruzi, Edna, additional, Mtove, George, additional, Nakato, Swabra, additional, Madebe, Rashid, additional, Søeborg, Sif R., additional, Langhoff, Kathrine H., additional, Hansson, Helle S., additional, Alifrangis, Michael, additional, Lusingu, John P. A., additional, and Van geertruyden, Jean-Pierre, additional

Published
2022
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37. Additional file 1 of The choice of reference chart affects the strength of the association between malaria in pregnancy and small for gestational age: an individual participant data meta-analysis comparing the Intergrowth-21 with a Tanzanian birthweight chart

Author

Mtove, George, Minja, Daniel T. R., Abdul, Omari, Gesase, Samwel, Maleta, Kenneth, Divala, Titus H., Patson, Noel, Ashorn, Ulla, Laufer, Miriam K., Madanitsa, Mwayiwawo, Ashorn, Per, Mathanga, Don, Chinkhumba, Jobiba, Gutman, Julie R., ter Kuile, Feiko O., Møller, Sofie Lykke, Bygbjerg, Ib C., Alifrangis, Michael, Theander, Thor, Lusingu, John P. A., and Schmiegelow, Christentze

Abstract

Additional file 1: Table S1. Comparison of the Intergrowth-21 and STOPPAM standard charts. Table S2. Quality of studies using Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2 tool (ROB-2) for randomized trials. Table S3. Risk of Bias assessment by Newcastle scale for cohort studies. Table S4. Prevalence of small for gestational age by gestational age and birthweight. Table S5. Prevalence of small for gestational age when applying the inclusion criteria for each reference chart. Table S6. Sensitivity analysis for the association between malaria in pregnancy and SGA when using STOPPAM vs Intergrowth-21st reference. Table S7. association between malaria and small for gestational age for discordant groups. Table S8. Characteristics of analysed mother-newborn pairs vs excluded.

Published
2022
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38. Additional file 2 of Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among children and adolescents recruited in a malariometric survey in north-eastern Tanzania July 2021

Author

Lyimo, Eric, Fougeroux, Cyrielle, Malabeja, Anangisye, Mbwana, Joyce, Hayuma, Paul M., Liheluka, Edwin, Turner, Louise, Gesase, Samwel, Lavstsen, Thomas, Lusingu, John P. A., Minja, Daniel T. R., and Wang, Christian W.

Abstract

Additional file 2 The number of SARS-CoV-2 seropositive and negative infants in Kwamasimba and Mkokola villages based on age in months.

Published
2022
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39. Weight change during the first week of life and a new method for retrospective prediction of birthweight among exclusively breastfed newborns

Author

Mtove, George, primary, Abdul, Omari, additional, Kullberg, Fanny, additional, Gesase, Samwel, additional, Scheike, Thomas, additional, Andersen, Frederik Mølkjær, additional, Madanitsa, Mwayiwawo, additional, Kuile, Feiko O., additional, Alifrangis, Michael, additional, Lusingu, John P. A., additional, Minja, Daniel T. R., additional, and Schmiegelow, Christentze, additional

Published
2022
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40. Mapping the Cord Blood Transcriptome of Pregnancies Affected by Early Maternal Anemia to Identify Signatures of Fetal Programming

Author

Hatem, Gad, primary, Hjort, Line, additional, Asplund, Olof, additional, Minja, Daniel T R, additional, Msemo, Omari Abdul, additional, Møller, Sofie Lykke, additional, Lavstsen, Thomas, additional, Groth-Grunnet, Louise, additional, Lusingu, John P A, additional, Hansson, Ola, additional, Christensen, Dirk Lund, additional, Vaag, Allan A, additional, Artner, Isabella, additional, Theander, Thor, additional, Groop, Leif, additional, Schmiegelow, Christentze, additional, Bygbjerg, Ib Christian, additional, and Prasad, Rashmi B, additional

Published
2022
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43. Small babies, big risks: global estimates of prevalence and mortality for vulnerable newborns to accelerate change and improve counting

Author

Lawn, Joy E, Ohuma, Eric O, Bradley, Ellen, Idueta, Lorena Suárez, Hazel, Elizabeth, Okwaraji, Yemisrach B, Erchick, Daniel J, Yargawa, Judith, Katz, Joanne, Lee, Anne C C, Diaz, Mike, Salasibew, Mihretab, Requejo, Jennifer, Hayashi, Chika, Moller, Ann-Beth, Borghi, Elaine, Black, Robert E, Blencowe, Hannah, Ashorn, Per, Black, Robert E, Lawn, Joy E, Ashorn, Ulla, Klein, Nigel, Hofmeyr, G Justus, Temmerman, Marleen, Askari, Sufia, Ohuma, Eric O, Moller, Ann-Beth, Bradley, Ellen, Chakwera, Samuel, Hussain-Alkhateeb, Laith, Lewin, Alexandra, Okwaraji, Yemisrach B, Retno Mahanani, Wahyu, White Johansson, Emily, Lavin, Tina, Estevez Fernandez, Diana, Gatica Domínguez, Giovanna, de Costa, Ayesha, Cresswell, Jenny A, Krasevec, Julia, Lawn, Joy E, Blencowe, Hannah, Requejo, Jennifer, Moran, Allisyn C, Pingray, Veronica, Cormick, Gabriela, Gibbons, Luz, Belizan, José, Guevel, Carlos, Warrilow, Kara, Gordon, Adrienne, Flenady, Vicki, Sexton, Jessica, Lawford, Harriet, Paixao, Enny S., Rocha Falcão, Ila, Lima Barreto, Mauricio, Lisonkova, Sarka, Wen, Qi, Mardones, Francisco, Caulier-Cisterna, Raúl, Acuña, José, Velebil, Petr, Jirova, Jitka, Horváth-Puhó, Erzsébet, Sørensen, Henrik Toft, Sakkeus, Luule, Abuladze, Liili, Gissler, Mika, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Heidarzadeh, Mohammad, Khalili, Narjes, A. Yunis, Khalid, Al Bizri, Ayah, Nakad, Pascale, Devi Karalasingam, Shamala, R Jeganathan, J Ravichandran, binti Baharum, Nurakman, Suárez-Idueta, Lorena, Barranco Flores, Arturo, Gonzalez Roldan, Jesus F, Lopez Alvarez, Sonia, van Dijk, Aimée E., Broeders, Lisa, Huicho, Luis, Quezada Pinedo, Hugo G, Cajachagua-Torres, Kim N, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Tarazona Meza, Carla Estefania, Guzman-Vilca, Wilmer Cristobal, Olukade, Tawa O., Ali, Hamdy A., Alyafei, Fawziya, AlQubaisi, Mai, Alturk, Mohamad R, Kim, Ho Yeon, Cho, Geum Joon, Razaz, Neda, Söderling, Jonas, Smith, Lucy K, Kurinczuk, Jennifer J, Matthews, Ruth J, Manktelow, Bradley N, Draper, Elizabeth S, Fenton, Alan C, Lowry, Estelle, Rowland, Neil, Wood, Rachael, Monteath, Kirsten, Pereyra, Isabel, Pravia, Gabriella, Davis, Celina, Clarke, Samantha, Wu, Lee S.F., Yoshida, Sachiyo, Bahl, Rajiv, Grandi, Carlos, Labrique, Alain B, Rashid, Mabhubur, Ahmed, Salahuddin, Roy, Arunangshu D., Haque, Rezwanul, Shaikh, Saijuddin, Baqui, Abdullah H., Saha, Samir K., Khanam, Rasheda, Rahman, Sayedur, Shapiro, Roger, Zash, Rebecca, Silveira, Mariângela F., Buffarini, Romina, Kolsteren, Patrick, Lachat, Carl, Huybregts, Lieven, Roberfroid, Dominique, Zeng, Lingxia, Zhu, Zhonghai, He, Jianrong, Qui, Xiu, Gebreyesus, Seifu H., Tesfamariam, Kokeb, Bekele, Delayehu, Chan, Grace, Baye, Estifanos, Workneh, Firehiwot, Asante, Kwaku P., Boanmah-Kaali, Ellen, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Dewey, Kathryn G., Gyaase, Stephaney, Wylie, Blair J., Kirkwood, Betty R., Manu, Alexander, Thulasiraj, Ravilla D, Tielsch, James, Chowdhury, Ranadip, Taneja, Sunita, Babu, Giridhara R, Shriyan, Prafulla, Ashorn, Per, Maleta, Kenneth, Ashorn, Ulla, Mangani, Charles, Acevedo-Gallegos, Sandra, Rodriguez-Sibaja, Maria J., Khatry, Subarna K., LeClerq, Steven C., Mullany, Luke C., Jehan, Fyezah, Ilyas, Muhammad, Rogerson, Stephen J., Unger, Holger W., Ghosh, Rakesh, Musange, Sabine, Ramokolo, Vundli, Zembe-Mkabile, Wanga, Lazzerini, Marzia, Mohamed, Rishard, Wang, Dongqing, Fawzi, Wafaie W., Minja, Daniel T.R., Schmiegelow, Christentze, Masanja, Honorati, Smith, Emily, Lusingu, John P.A., Msemo, Omari A., Kabole, Fathma M., Slim, Salim N., Keentupthai, Paniya, Mongkolchati, Aroonsri, Kajubi, Richard, Kakuru, Abel, Waiswa, Peter, Walker, Dilys, Hamer, Davidson H., Semrau, Katherine E.A., Chaponda, Enesia B., Chico, R. Matthew, Banda, Bowen, Musokotwane, Kebby, Manasyan, Albert, Pry, Jake M., Chasekwa, Bernard, Humphrey, Jean, Shamim, Abu Ahmed, Christian, Parul, Ali, Hasmot, Klemm, Rolf D.W., Massie, Alan B., Mitra, Maithili, Mehra, Sucheta, Schulze, Kerry J., Shamim, Abu Amed, Sommer, Alfred, Ullah, Barkat, West, Keith P., Begum, Nazma, Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque, Islam, Shafiqul, Mitra, Dipak Kumar, Quaiyum, Abdul, Diseko, Modiegi, Makhema, Joseph, Cheng, Yue, Guo, Yixin, Yuan, Shanshan, Roro, Meselech, Shikur, Bilal, Goddard, Frederick, Haneuse, Sebastien, Hunegnaw, Bezawit, Berhane, Yemane, Worku, Alemayehu, Kaali, Seyram, Arnold, Charles D., Jack, Darby, Amenga-Etego, Seeba, Hurt, Lisa, Shannon, Caitlin, Soremekun, Seyi, Bhandari, Nita, Martines, Jose, Mazumder, Sarmila, Ana, Yamuna, R, Deepa, Hallamaa, Lotta, Pyykkö, Juha, Lumbreras-Marquez, Mario I., Mendoza-Carrera, Claudia E., Hussain, Atiya, Karim, Muhammad, Kausar, Farzana, Mehmood, Usma, Nadeem, Naila, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Sajid, Muhammad, Mueller, Ivo, Ome-Kaius, Maria, Butrick, Elizabeth, Sayinzoga, Felix, Mariani, Ilaria, Urassa, Willy, Theander, Thor, Deloron, Phillippe, Nielsen, Birgitte Bruun, Muhihi, Alfa, Noor, Ramadhani Abdallah, Bygbjerg, Ib, Moeller, Sofie Lykke, Aftab, Fahad, Ali, Said M., Dhingra, Pratibha, Dhingra, Usha, Dutta, Arup, Sazawal, Sunil, Suleiman, Atifa, Mohammed, Mohammed, Deb, Saikat, Kamya, Moses R., Nakalembe, Miriam, Mulowooz, Jude, Santos, Nicole, Biemba, Godfrey, Herlihy, Julie M., Mbewe, Reuben K., Mweena, Fern, Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo, Bruce, Jane, Chandramohan, Daniel, and Prendergast, Andrew

Abstract

Small newborns are vulnerable to mortality and lifelong loss of human capital. Measures of vulnerability previously focused on liveborn low-birthweight (LBW) babies, yet LBW reduction targets are off-track. There are two pathways to LBW, preterm birth and fetal growth restriction (FGR), with the FGR pathway resulting in the baby being small for gestational age (SGA). Data on LBW babies are available from 158 (81%) of 194 WHO member states and the occupied Palestinian territory, including east Jerusalem, with 113 (58%) having national administrative data, whereas data on preterm births are available from 103 (53%) of 195 countries and areas, with only 64 (33%) providing national administrative data. National administrative data on SGA are available for only eight countries. Global estimates for 2020 suggest 13·4 million livebirths were preterm, with rates over the past decade remaining static, and 23·4 million were SGA. In this Series paper, we estimated prevalence in 2020 for three mutually exclusive types of small vulnerable newborns (SVNs; preterm non-SGA, term SGA, and preterm SGA) using individual-level data (2010–20) from 23 national datasets (∼110 million livebirths) and 31 studies in 18 countries (∼0·4 million livebirths). We found 11·9 million (50% credible interval [Crl] 9·1–12·2 million; 8·8%, 50% Crl 6·8–9·0%) of global livebirths were preterm non-SGA, 21·9 million (50% Crl 20·1–25·5 million; 16·3%, 14·9–18·9%) were term SGA, and 1·5 million (50% Crl 1·2–4·2 million; 1·1%, 50% Crl 0·9–3·1%) were preterm SGA. Over half (55·3%) of the 2·4 million neonatal deaths worldwide in 2020 were attributed to one of the SVN types, of which 73·4% were preterm and the remainder were term SGA. Analyses from 12 of the 23 countries with national data (0·6 million stillbirths at ≥22 weeks gestation) showed around 74% of stillbirths were preterm, including 16·0% preterm SGA and approximately one-fifth of term stillbirths were SGA. There are an estimated 1·9 million stillbirths per year associated with similar vulnerability pathways; hence integrating stillbirths to burden assessments and relevant indicators is crucial. Data can be improved by counting, weighing, and assessing the gestational age of every newborn, whether liveborn or stillborn, and classifying small newborns by the three vulnerability types. The use of these more specific types could accelerate prevention and help target care for the most vulnerable babies.

Published
2023
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44. Structure-guided design of a synthetic mimic of an endothelial protein C receptor-binding PfEMP1 protein

Author

Barber, Natalie M, Lau, Clinton K Y, Turner, Louise, Watson, Gareth, Thrane, Susan, Lusingu, John P A, Lavstsen, Thomas, Higgins, Matthew K, Barber, Natalie M, Lau, Clinton K Y, Turner, Louise, Watson, Gareth, Thrane, Susan, Lusingu, John P A, Lavstsen, Thomas, and Higgins, Matthew K

Abstract

Structure-guided vaccine design provides a route to elicit a focused immune response against the most functionally important regions of a pathogen surface. This can be achieved by identifying epitopes for neutralizing antibodies through structural methods and recapitulating these epitopes by grafting their core structural features onto smaller scaffolds. In this study, we conducted a modified version of this protocol. We focused on the PfEMP1 protein family found on the surfaces of erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum A subset of PfEMP1 proteins bind to endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR), and their expression correlates with development of the symptoms of severe malaria. Structural studies revealed that PfEMP1 molecules present a helix-kinked-helix motif that forms the core of the EPCR-binding site. Using Rosetta-based design, we successfully grafted this motif onto a three-helical bundle scaffold. We show that this synthetic binder interacts with EPCR with nanomolar affinity and adopts the expected structure. We also assessed its ability to bind to antibodies found in immunized animals and in humans from malaria-endemic regions. Finally, we tested the capacity of the synthetic binder to effectively elicit antibodies that prevent EPCR binding and analyzed the degree of cross-reactivity of these antibodies across a diverse repertoire of EPCR-binding PfEMP1 proteins. Despite our synthetic binder adopting the correct structure, we find that it is not as effective as the CIDRα domain on which it is based for inducing adhesion-inhibitory antibodies. This cautions against the rational design of focused immunogens that contain the core features of a ligand-binding site of a protein family, rather than those of a neutralizing antibody epitope.IMPORTANCE Vaccines train our immune systems to generate antibodies which recognize pathogens. Some of these antibodies are highly protective, preventing infection, while others are ineffective. Structure-guided ratio

Published
2021

45. Prevalence of asymptomatic malaria, submicroscopic parasitaemia and anaemia in Korogwe District, north-eastern Tanzania

Author

Hayuma, Paul M, Wang, Christian W, Liheluka, Edwin, Baraka, Vito, Madebe, Rashid A, Minja, Daniel T R, Misinzo, Gerald, Alifrangis, Michael, Lusingu, John P A, Hayuma, Paul M, Wang, Christian W, Liheluka, Edwin, Baraka, Vito, Madebe, Rashid A, Minja, Daniel T R, Misinzo, Gerald, Alifrangis, Michael, and Lusingu, John P A

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Asymptomatic malaria infections largely remain undetected and act as a reservoir for continuous transmission. The study assessed the prevalence of submicroscopic asymptomatic malaria infections and anaemia in two rural low (300 m above sea level) and highland (700 m asl) settings of Korogwe District north-eastern Tanzania.METHODS: A cross-sectional malariometric survey involving individuals aged 0-19 years was conducted in June 2018 in the two rural villages. Venous blood was collected from eligible study participants for estimation of haemoglobin level, detection of malaria by rapid diagnostic test (RDT), quantification of malaria parasitaemia by microscopy, as well as dried blood spot (DBS) for determining submicroscopic infections by PCR targeting the small subunit of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid (ssrRNA) of human Plasmodium.RESULTS: Out of 565 individuals tested, 211 (37.3%) were malaria positive based on RDT, whereas only 81 (14.3%) were positive by microscopy. There was no significant difference in the prevalence between the highland and the lowland village, p = 0.19 and p = 0.78 microscopy and RDT, respectively. Three out of 206 (1.5%) RDT/microscopy negative samples were P. falciparum positive by PCR. Of the 211 RDT and 81 microscopy positive, 130 (61.6%) and 33 (40.7%), respectively, were defined as being asymptomatic. Of the 565 individuals, 135 (23.9%) were anaemic (haemoglobin < 11 g/dL) out of which 5.2% were severely anaemic. The risk of being anaemic was significantly higher among individuals with asymptomatic malaria as compared to those without malaria as confirmed by RDT (AOR = 2.06 (95% CI 1.32-3.20) while based on microscopic results there was no significant differences observed (AOR = 2.09, 95% CI 0.98-4.47). Age and altitude had no effect on the risk of anaemia even after adjusting for asymptomatic malaria.CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic malaria is associated with an increased risk of having anaemia in the stu

Published
2021

46. Reduced birth weight caused by sextuple drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum infection in early second trimester

Author

Hansson, Helle, Minja, Daniel T R, Moeller, Sofie L, Lusingu, John P A, Bygbjerg, Ib C, Yde, Anna-Mathilde, Jensen, Rasmus W, Nag, Sidsel, Msemo, Omari A, Theander, Thor G, Alifrangis, Michael, Schmiegelow, Christentze, Hansson, Helle, Minja, Daniel T R, Moeller, Sofie L, Lusingu, John P A, Bygbjerg, Ib C, Yde, Anna-Mathilde, Jensen, Rasmus W, Nag, Sidsel, Msemo, Omari A, Theander, Thor G, Alifrangis, Michael, and Schmiegelow, Christentze

Abstract

Mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum genes Pfdhfr and Pfdhps, particularly the sextuple mutant haplotype threatens the antimalarial effectiveness of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine as intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy (IPTp). To explore the impact of sextuple mutant haplotype infections on outcome measures after provision of IPTp-SP, we monitored birth outcomes in women followed from prior to conception or from the first trimester until delivery. Women infected with sextuple haplotypes in early 2 nd trimester specifically, delivered newborns with a lower birth weight (-267g, 95% CI -454; -59, p=0·01) compared to women who did not have malaria during pregnancy and women infected with less SP resistant haplotypes (-461g, 95% CI -877; -44, p=0·03). Thus, sextuple haplotype infections seems to impact the effectiveness of SP for IPTp and directly impact birth outcome by lowering birth weight. Close monitoring and targeted malaria control during early pregnancy is therefore crucial to improve birth outcomes.

Published
2021

47. Reduced Birth Weight Caused by Sextuple Drug-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum Infection in Early Second Trimester

Author

Hansson, Helle, primary, Minja, Daniel T R, additional, Moeller, Sofie L, additional, Lusingu, John P A, additional, Bygbjerg, Ib C, additional, Yde, Anna-Mathilde, additional, Jensen, Rasmus W, additional, Nag, Sidsel, additional, Msemo, Omari A, additional, Theander, Thor G, additional, Alifrangis, Michael, additional, and Schmiegelow, Christentze, additional

Published
2021
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49. Comparative genomics revealed adaptive admixture in Cryptosporidium hominis in Africa

Author

Tichkule, Swapnil, primary, Jex, Aaron R., additional, van Oosterhout, Cock, additional, Sannella, Anna Rosa, additional, Krumkamp, Ralf, additional, Aldrich, Cassandra, additional, Maiga-Ascofare, Oumou, additional, Dekker, Denise, additional, Lamshöft, Maike, additional, Mbwana, Joyce, additional, Rakotozandrindrainy, Njari, additional, Borrmann, Steffen, additional, Thye, Thorsten, additional, Schuldt, Kathrin, additional, Winter, Doris, additional, Kremsner, Peter G., additional, Oppong, Kwabena, additional, Manouana, Prince, additional, Mbong, Mirabeau, additional, Gesase, Samwel, additional, Minja, Daniel T. R., additional, Mueller, Ivo, additional, Bahlo, Melanie, additional, Nader, Johanna, additional, May, Jürgen, additional, Rakotozandrindrain, Raphael, additional, Adegnika, Ayola Akim, additional, Lusingu, John P. A., additional, Amuasi, John, additional, Eibach, Daniel, additional, and Caccio, Simone Mario, additional

Published
2021
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