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38 results on '"Luzar, Jeffrey B."'

7. The business case for strengthening traditional agroforestry systems with data science and digitalization.

Author

Prijosusilo, Chandra Kirana, Ridwansyah, Muhammad, Luzar, Jeffrey B., Rosyadah, Alya Daniyah, Putriani, Yozi, Hermanu, Oswindra, Supriyanto, Hadi, Nurpinto, and Indrawan, Mochamad

Subjects
*TREE crops, *AGRICULTURAL informatics, *COMMUNITY-based participatory research, *GREEN products, *DATA science, *AGROFORESTRY
Abstract

The ecological value of traditional agroforestry systems is well recognized, but many are being transformed into monocultural plantations due to economic pressure. This research was conducted by the NGO Sekar Kawung in Beringin Tinggi, a remote village of Indonesia’s Jambi Province. We follow the premise that traditional agroforestry crops, often have significant economic potential. Through Participatory Action Research, we helped farmers to determine how they could improve incomes from remaining highly biodiverse agroforest by applying rigorous agricultural informatics. We identified 156 different plants used for food purposes, documented fading agriculture rituals, myths, legends related to food species, and analyzed the economic potential of eight key subsistence tree crops. A dataset of these tree crops for 160 plots of farmland belonging to 132 or 65% of all families, demonstrated economically viable potential as well as new green product options. We also introduced an internet-based application enabling local youth to continue developing datasets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Line Transect Surveys Underdetect Terrestrial Mammals: Implications for the Sustainability of Subsistence Hunting

Author

Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, Fragoso, Jose M. V., Levi, Taal, Oliveira, Luiz F. B., Luzar, Jeffrey B., Overman, Han, Read, Jane M., Silvius, Kirsten M., Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, Fragoso, Jose M. V., Levi, Taal, Oliveira, Luiz F. B., Luzar, Jeffrey B., Overman, Han, Read, Jane M., and Silvius, Kirsten M.

Abstract

Conservation of Neotropical game species must take into account the livelihood and food security needs of local human populations. Hunting management decisions should therefore rely on abundance and distribution data that are as representative as possible of true population sizes and dynamics. We simultaneously applied a commonly used encounter-based method and an infrequently used sign-based method to estimate hunted vertebrate abundance in a 48,000-km2 indigenous landscape in southern Guyana. Diurnal direct encounter data collected during three years along 216, four-kilometer -long transects consistently under-detected many diurnal and nocturnal mammal species readily detected through sign. Of 32 species analyzed, 31 were detected by both methods; however, encounters did not detect one and under-detected another 12 of the most heavily hunted species relative to sign, while sign under-detected 12 never or rarely collected species relative to encounters. The six most important game animals in the region, all ungulates, were not encountered at 11–40% of village and control sites or on 29–72% of transects where they were detected by sign. Using the sign methodology, we find that tapirs, one of the terrestrial vertebrates considered most sensitive to overexploitation, are present at many sites where they were never visually detected during distance sampling. We find that this is true for many other species as well. These high rates of under-detection suggest that behavioral changes in hunted populations may affect apparent occurrence and abundance of these populations. Accumulation curves (detection of species on transects) were much steeper for sign for 12 of 16 hunted species than for encounters, but that pattern was reversed for 12 of 16 species unhunted in our area. We conclude that collection of sign data is an efficient and effective method of monitoring hunted vertebrate populations that complements encounter and camera-trapping methods in areas impacted by hunt

Published
2016

11. Agent-based modeling of hunting and subsistence agriculture on indigenous lands: Understanding interactions between social and ecological systems

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, Iwamura, Takuya, Lambin, Eric, Silvius, Kirsten M., Luzar, Jeffrey B., Fragoso, José M.V., UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, Iwamura, Takuya, Lambin, Eric, Silvius, Kirsten M., Luzar, Jeffrey B., and Fragoso, José M.V.

Abstract

Indigenous people of the Rupununi region of Amazonian Guyana interact with their natural environment through hunting and subsistence agriculture. To date the sustainability of indigenous livelihoods has been analyzed by modeling either hunting or forest clearing. Here we develop a holistic model framework with agent-based modeling to examine interactions between demographic growth, hunting, subsistence agriculture, land cover change, and animal population in the Rupununi. We use an extensive field dataset from social surveys, animal observation records and hunting kill locations along with satellite images. The model exhibits feedback loops between a growing human population and depletion of local natural resources. Our model can reproduce the population size of two different villages along with landscape patterns without further calibration. Our model can be used for understanding the conditions of sustainability for indigenous communities relying on subsistence agriculture and hunting, and for scenario analyses to examine the implications of external interventions.

Published
2014

14. National REDD+ Implications for Tenured Indigenous Communities in Guyana, and Communities’ Impact on Forest Carbon Stocks.

Author

Overman, Han, Butt, Nathalie, Cummings, Anthony R., Luzar, Jeffrey B., and Fragoso, José M. V.

Subjects
DEFORESTATION, FOREST degradation, CARBON content of plants, FOREST policy
Abstract

Early project-level initiatives of ‘reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation’ (REDD+) have left a negative impression among many forest-dependent peoples (FDP) across the tropics. As countries move towards national-level implementation and results-based payments, it is timely to analyze the effects of ‘national REDD+’ on FDP. We use Guyana’s technically approved United Nations Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL) submission and Opt-In Mechanism to assess how fifteen indigenous communities with tenured forestland may financially benefit from national REDD+, and evaluate whether, and to what extent, Guyana forms a best-case scenario. In addition, we provide a first-time assessment whether field estimates of the average carbon density of mature forests managed by fifteen forest-dependent communities (beyond rotational farming lands) equals that of nearby unmanaged mature forest, as this could affect REDD+ payment levels. We conclude that, notwithstanding some pending issues, Guyana’s national REDD+ program could be very beneficial for FDP, even under a modest United States (US) $5 unit carbon price. We present economic evidence to support forest governance change domestically in sovereign developing countries that may ease FDP tenure and national REDD+ implementation. The average carbon density was locally substantially less in FDP-managed forest, but had little effect on the overall carbon stock of the titled forest area, and is considered modest when incorporating ecological and socioeconomic attributes. Partnerships with FDP when combined with advances in remote sensing could have potential for economic monitoring of forest emissions across the tropics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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