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Objective: To investigate whether compression therapy after thermal ablation of varicose veins can improve the prognosis of patients. Methods: Systematic research were applied for Chinese and English electronic databases(PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP Databases). Eligible prospective studies that comparing the efficacy of compression therapy and non‐compression therapy on patients after thermal ablation of varicose veins were included. The interest outcome such as pain, quality of life (QOL), venous clinical severity score (VCSS), time to return to work and complications were analyzed. Results: 10 studies were of high quality, and randomized controlled trials involving 1,545 patients met the inclusion criteria for this study. At the same time, the meta‐analysis showed that the application of compression therapy improved pain (SMD: ‐0.51, 95% CI: ‐0.95, ‐0.07) but exhibited no statistically significant effect on QOL (SMD: 0.04, 95% CI: ‐0.08, 0.16), VCSS (MD: ‐0.05, 95% CI: ‐1.19, 1.09), time to return to work (MD: ‐0.43, 95% CI: ‐0.90, 0.03), total complications (RR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.27, 1.09), and thrombosis (RR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.31, 1.62). Conclusion: Compression therapy after thermal ablation of varicose veins can slightly relieve pain, but it has not been found to be associated with improvement in other outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]