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Patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have a limited lifespan and exhibit poor immunotherapy outcomes. M1 macrophages have been found to be essential for antitumor immunity. This study aims to develop an immunotherapy response evaluation model for NSCLC patients based on transcription. RNA sequencing profiles of 254 advanced-stage NSCLC patients treated with immunotherapy are downloaded from the POPLAR and OAK projects. Immune cell infiltration in NSCLC patients is examined, and thereafter, different coexpressed genes are identified. Next, the impact of M1 macrophage-related genes on the prognosis of NSCLC patients is investigated. Six M1 macrophage coexpressed genes, namely, NKX2-1, CD8A , SFTA3, IL2RB, IDO1, and CXCL9, exhibit a strong association with the prognosis of NSCLC and serve as effective predictors for immunotherapy response. A response model is constructed using a Cox regression model and Lasso Cox regression analysis. The M1 genes are validated in our TD-FOREKNOW NSCLC clinical trial by RT-qPCR. The response model shows excellent immunotherapy response prediction and prognosis evaluation value in advanced-stage NSCLC. This model can effectively predict advanced NSCLC prognosis and aid in identifying patients who could benefit from customized immunotherapy as well as sensitive drugs.

Aims: Veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO) is an important technique for the treatment of refractory cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest; however, the early management of ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia (VF/VT), within 72 h of VA‐ECMO, and its effects on patient prognosis remain unclear. Methods and results: We retrospectively analysed patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University who underwent VA‐ECMO between January 2017 and March 2022. The patients were divided into two groups, VF/VT and nVF/VT, based on whether or not VF/VT occurred within 72 h after the initiation of VA‐ECMO. We utilized logistic regression analysis to evaluate the independent risk factors for VF/VT in patients undergoing VA‐ECMO and to ascertain whether the onset of VF/VT affected 28 day survival rate, length of intensive care unit stay, and/or other clinical prognostic factors. Subgroup analysis was performed for the VF/VT group to determine whether defibrillation affected prognosis. In the present study, 126 patients were included, 65.87% of whom were males (83/126), with a mean age of 46.89 ± 16.23, a 28 day survival rate of 57.14% (72/126), an incidence rate of VF/VT within 72 h of VA‐ECMO initiation of 27.78% (35/126), and 80% of whom (28/35) received extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The incidence of VF/VT resulting from cardiac arrest at an early stage was significantly higher than that of refractory cardiogenic shock (80% vs. 20%; P = 0.022). The restricted cubic spline model revealed a U‐shaped relationship between VF/VT incidence and initial heart rate (iHR), and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that an iHR > 120 b.p.m. [odds ratio (OR) 6.117; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.672–22.376; P = 0.006] and hyperlactataemia (OR 1.125; 95% CI 1.016–1.246; P = 0.023) within 1 h of VA‐ECMO initiation were independent risk factors for the occurrence of VF/VT. VF/VT was not found to be associated with the 28 day survival of patients undergoing VA‐ECMO support, nor did it affect other secondary endpoints. Defibrillation did not alter the overall prognosis in patients with VF/VT during VA‐ECMO. Conclusions: An iHR > 120 b.p.m. and hyperlactataemia were independent risk factors for the occurrence of VF/VT within 72 h of VA‐ECMO initiation. The occurrence of VF/VT does not affect, nor does defibrillation in these patients improve the overall patient prognosis. Trial registration: ChiCTR1900026105. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the correlation between the mean arterial pressure (MAP) level in the first 6 hours of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) and patients' neurological outcomes. Methods: Sex, age, basic comorbidities, the time from the first cardiac arrest to the start of CPR, the time from the first cardiac arrest to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), standardized ECMO flow, and the pH value at the beginning of ECMO and after 6 hours were recorded. MAP was recorded every 2 hours during the first 6 hours, and the average was calculated. The lactic acid clearance rate of the first 6 hours was calculated. Evaluated the neurological prognosis of patients at discharge. Then the patients were divided into groups according to their average MAP, and the above variables were compared in groups. Results: Enrolled 63 adult ECPR patients. There were no statistically significant differences in sex, age, basic comorbidities, the time from the first cardiac arrest to the start of conventional CPR, the time from the first cardiac arrest to the start of ECMO, standardized ECMO flow, 6-hour lactic acid clearance rate, pH value at the sixth hour of operation between two groups. The pH value at the start of ECMO, survival rate, and good prognosis rate in low average MAP group were significantly lower. Low average MAP was associated with poor neurological outcomes (relative risk (RR) 1.50, 95% CI 1.17, 1.92). The RR of good neurological outcome for patients with average MAP ⩾65 mmHg was 5.91 (95% CI 1.45, 24.06), and the RR for average MAP ⩾100 mmHg was 1.18 (95% CI 0.19, 7.52). Conclusion: For ECPR patients, average MAP <65 mmHg in the first 6 hours of ECPR indicates a poor neurological prognosis. However, whether higher average MAP levels can improve the neurological prognosis of ECPR patient remains to be further studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MnMoO4 nanotubes of diameter about 120 nm were successfully synthesized by a single-spinneret electrospinning technique followed by calcination in air, and their structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties were studied with the aim to fabricate high-performance supercapacitor devices. The obtained MnMoO4 nanotubes display a 1D architecture with a porous structure and hollow interiors. Benefiting from intriguing structural features, the unique MnMoO4 nanotube electrodes exhibit a high specific capacitance, excellent rate capability, and cycling stability. As an example, the tube-like MnMoO4 delivers a specific capacitance of 620 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1, and 460 F g−1 even at a very high current density of 60 A g−1. Remarkably, almost no decay in specific capacitance is found after continuous charge/discharge cycling for 10,000 cycles at 1 A g−1. An asymmetric supercapacitor fabricated from this MnMoO4 nanotubes and activated carbon displayed a maximum high energy density of 31.7 Wh kg−1 and a power density of 797 W kg−1, demonstrating a good prospect for practical applications in energy storage electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]