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A series of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) confined inside ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) were prepared for catalytic hydrogenation of o-chloronitrobenzene. The improved activity as well as selectivity was achieved by enhancing mass diffusion of reactant and targeted product. It was found that most of the Pt NPs were homogeneously dispersed inside the mesoporous channels of obtained Pt/OMC samples while Pt NPs were mainly distributed on the external surface of commercial activated carbon (AC) with an aggregation to a certain extent. The combination of surface oxygen-containing groups and ordered mesoporous environment was responsible for the formation of small-sized Pt NPs in Pt/OMC. Notably, the body-centered cubic mesoporous carbon (CMC-600) supported Pt catalyst gave 100% o-chloronitrobenzene conversion with 100% selectivity to the target product under mild conditions. This outstanding catalytic performance could be attributed to the synergetic effect between the unique porosity of CMC and small-sized Pt NPs stabilized inside the ordered mesopores. In addition, the Pt/CMC catalyst showed excellent stability and it could be reused for at least 5 times without significant loss of activity and selectivity. This study provided theoretic guidance for rational design of supported Pt catalysts for the chemoselective hydrogenation of halogenated nitrobenzenes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To systematically analyze the current status of outcomes reporting in clinical trials on treating stasis acute mastitis with Traditional Chinese Medicine breast massage. We searched CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane library, JBI, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Clinical Trials Registry Platform portal, Clinical Trials Registry, Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, Center Watch Registry from inception to May IS, 2022 to find randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, case series and cohort studies which reported the outcomes of stasis acute mastitis managed with Traditional Chinese Medicine breast massage, with search terms of mastitis, acute mastitis, lactation mastitis, puerperal mastitis, breast problem, breast engorgement, milk stasis, blocked ducked, breast pain, breast massage, and acupoint massage. Outcomes and the measurement schemes (measurement methods, timing of assessing outcome, frequency of assessing outcome, measurers) were extracted from the included studies. We used the Management of Otitis Media with Effusion in Children with Cleft Palate (MOMENT) to assess the quality of each study, then categorized outcomes derived from the included studies into different domains according to the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Arthritis Clinic Trials (OMERACT) Filter 2.1 framework. We identified 85 clinical trials, in which 54 different outcomes were reported. A total of 81.2% (69/85) of studies were assessed as medium quality with a mean score of 2.6, and 18.8% (16/85) as low quality with a mean score of 0.9. These outcomes were organized in three core areas. Lump size (89.4%, 76/85) was the most frequently reported outcome, followed by breast pain (69.4%, 59/85) and milk excretion (68.2%, 58/85). Five methods were used to assess lump size and four methods to assess breast pain. The outcomes reported in clinical trials regarding stasis acute mastitis treated by Traditional Chinese Medicine breast massage are heterogeneous. Developing a core outcome set to achieve consistent standards for reporting outcomes and modalities for validation of the outcomes is clearly warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]