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One of the problems associated with the consumption of new psychoactive substances is that in most scenarios of acute toxicity the possibility of quick clinical action may be impaired because many screening methods are not responsive to them, and laboratories are not able to keep pace with the appearance of new substances. For these reasons, developing and validating new analytical methods is mandatory in order to efficiently face those problems, allowing laboratories to be one step ahead. The goal of this work is to perform a critical review regarding bionalytical methods that can be used for the determination of new psychoactive substances (phenylethylamines, cathinones, synthetic cannabinoids, opioids, benzodiazepines, etc), particularly concerning sample preparation techniques and associated analytical methods.

The emergence of new psychoactive substances has earned a great deal of attention, and several reports of acute poisoning and deaths have been issued involving, for instance, synthetic opiates. In recent years, there have been profound alterations in the legislation concerning consumption, marketing, and synthesis of these compounds; rapid alert systems have also been subject to changes, and new substances and new markets, mainly through the internet, have appeared. Their effects and how they originate in consumers are still mostly unknown, primarily in what concerns chronic toxicity. This review intends to provide a detailed description of these substances from the point of view of consumption, toxicokinetics, and health consequences, including case reports on intoxications in order to help researchers and public health agents working daily in this area. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Currently, the production of one ton of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) releases considerable amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere. As the need and demand for this material grows exponentially, it has become a challenge to increase its production at a time when climate-related problems represent a major global concern. The two main CO2 contributors in this process are fossil fuel combustion to heat the rotary kiln and the chemical reaction associated with the calcination process, in the production of the clinker, the main component of OPC. The current paper presents a critical review of the existent alternative clinker technologies (ACTs) that are under an investigation trial phase or under restricted use for niche applications and that lead to reduced emissions of CO2. Also, the possibility of transition of clinker production from traditional rotary kilns based on fuel combustion processes to electrification is discussed, since this may lead to the partial or even complete elimination of the CO2 combustion-related emissions, arising from the heating of the clinker kiln.

Submitted by azevedo@ufp.pt (azevedo@ufp.pt) on 2021-11-18T15:23:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_33358.pdf: 1285104 bytes, checksum: 52e3655edce829d18333dd22cfaaca7c (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by azevedo@ufp.pt (azevedo@ufp.pt) on 2021-11-18T15:39:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_33358.pdf: 1285104 bytes, checksum: 52e3655edce829d18333dd22cfaaca7c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-11-18T15:39:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_33358.pdf: 1285104 bytes, checksum: 52e3655edce829d18333dd22cfaaca7c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-11-11

Cannabinoids are still the most consumed drugs of abuse worldwide. Despite being considered less harmful to human health, particularly if compared with opiates or cocaine, cannabis consumption has important medico-legal and public health consequences. For this reason, the development and optimization of sensitive analytical methods that allow the determination of these compounds in different biological specimens is important, involving relevant efforts from laboratories. This paper will discuss cannabis consumption; toxicokinetics, the most detected compounds in biological samples; and characteristics of the latter. In addition, a comprehensive review of extraction methods and analytical tools available for cannabinoid detection in selected biological specimens will be reviewed. Important issues such as pitfalls and cut-off values will be considered.

Background: Pregnancy is a period of transformation, hope, expectation, and worry for women and their families. A high-risk pregnancy refers to a pregnancy in which the mother and/or fetus are at greater-than-normal risk of complications, and it evokes a range of emotional and psychological experiences that largely depend on the care and support provided by health professionals. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing literature on the lived experience of hope in women facing a high-risk pregnancy related to their own health and/or medical conditions related to the fetus. Methods: This review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology. No limits on a date were applied to the search. Identified titles and abstracts were screened to select original reports and were cross-checked for any overlap of cases. We included studies that emphasized the experience of hope of pregnant women dealing with a pregnancy complication. Main Results: According to the results of the present scoping review, we found two main dimensions: women experiencing a high-risk pregnancy themselves and prenatal diagnosis. In both cases, the women were in a dilemma between hope and hopelessness. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that women facing high-risk pregnancies struggle with multiple fears and concerns about their own health and the fetus’s health. Further research is needed to identify best practices for the care provided to the vulnerable populations.

In this work, the apparent activation energy (Ea) of a novel low-calcium binder was, for the first time, experimentally determined, using a calorimetric approach. Additionally, a correlation between the Ea, measured at the acceleration period with the C/S ratio of the hydration product is proposed. The Ea of the prepared pastes was determined through isothermal calorimetry tests by calculating the specific rate of reaction at different temperatures, using two different approaches. When comparing the Ea, at the acceleration period of this novel binder with the one published for alite and belite, we observed that its value is higher, which may be a result of a different hydration product formed with a distinct C/S ratio. Finally, to study the temperature effect on the compressive strength at early ages, a set of experiments with mortars was performed. The results showed that the longer the curing time at 35 °C, the higher the compressive strength after 2 days of hydration, which suggests a higher initial development of hydration products. This study also indicated that the novel binder has a higher sensitivity to temperature when compared with ordinary Portland cement (OPC).

The chemical composition of foodstuffs can be used as an indicator of quality, origin, authenticity, and adulteration. Food adulteration is usually carried out in terms of increasing volume, masking the presence of lesser quality ingredients, and replacing authentic substances, aiming at increasing economic gains. In addition, assessing the chemical composition of food allows knowing if there are substances whose presence can pose health risks, namely, pesticides, metals, and antibiotics. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC–MS) is nowadays one of the most used analytical approaches in addressing food authenticity. In this chapter the role of LC–MS-based techniques for food chemistry composition and authentication is addressed. The listing of several applications is beyond the scope of this contribution, and the reader is referred to relevant applications that have been published in the last years.

The performance of micro/nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) relies on efficient lubrication. In the present work, new sulfur-based organic salts were tested as additives in a polyethylene glycol to lubricate silicon surfaces used in the manufacture of MEMS/NEMS. Seven salts were tested: 1-butylsulfonic-3-methylimidazolium triflate [(C4SO3H)MIM][TfO], thiamine triflate [Thiamine][TfO]2, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium camphorsulfonate [C2MIM][CSA] [isomers (R) and (S)], 1,3-dimethylpiridinium methylsulfate [C1-3pic][MeSO4], methylimidazolium methanesulfonate [HMIM][MeSO3], and tetramethylguanidine methanesulfonate [TMG][MeSO3]. A nanotribometer was used to determine the friction coefficients using steel spheres as counter bodies. Excellent tribological properties were achieved with the additives containing the anions [MeSO4]− and [MeSO3]−. The films formed on the Si substrates were studied by FTIR, ellipsometry and AFM. A mixed lubrication mechanism was proposed where additive adsorption avoids contact between sliding surfaces. Acknowledgements This research was funded by the projects UID/QUI/00100/2019, UID/QUI/50006/2019, UIDB/00100/2020, UID/NAN/50024/2013, PEst-C/LA0006/2013, and UID/EMS/50022/2019 (LAETA). L. C. Branco and M. C. Donato thank to fnancial support of FCT/MCTES through grants IF/0041/2013/CP1161/CT00 and SFRH/BD/140079/2018, respectively. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Deep eutectic mixtures composed of hydrogen-bond donors (HBDs) and hydrogen-bond acceptors (HBAs), the so-called DESs, have recently being proposed as possible “green” alternatives to mineral oils and ionic liquids (ILs) in the lubrication of steel surfaces. DESs have similar physical properties to ILs but have the advantage of being cheaper and easier to prepare. In this work, new DESs containing sulfur units in their composition were prepared and tested in the lubrication of silicon surfaces which are relevant for nano/microelectromechanical systems (NEMS/MEMS). The following new DESs were prepared: ethyldibutyl sulfonium ethylsulfate: polyethylene glycol ([S4,4,2][EtSO4]:PEG), 1-ethyl-tetrahydrothiophenium ethylsulfate: polyethylene glycol ([C2-THT][EtSO4]:PEG), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (S)-camphorsulfonate: polyethylene glycol ([C2MIM][(S)CSA]:PEG), and 1-methyl-3-picolinium methyl sulfate: polyethylene glycol ([C1-3-pic][MeSO4]:PEG). Other DES, already reported, were tested for comparison purposes: tetrabutylammonium bromide: sulfolane ([N4,4,4,4][Br]:Sulf), choline chloride: polyethylene glycol (ChCl:PEG), and tetrabutylammonium bromide: polyethylene glycol ([N4,4,4,4][Br]:PEG). All DESs were characterized in terms of their water content, viscosity, wettability, and tribological properties. The friction coefficients were measured in a nanotribometer using steel spheres against Si surfaces. The new DES prepared from salts based on the sulfur-containing anions showed good tribological performance, but the best results were obtained with [C2MIM][(S)-CSA]:PEG and [C1-3-pic][MeSO4]:PEG which reduced the friction coefficients to values

Mestrado em Gestão de Recursos Humanos O presente relatório resulta de um estágio curricular realizado na Staples Portugal, no departamento de Recrutamento e Seleção. O estágio consistiu na envolvência ativa em todas as fases do processo de R&S, com o intuito de pôr em prática os conhecimentos desenvolvidos ao longo do mestrado. Inicialmente, são enquadrados teoricamente os conceitos inerentes ao recrutamento, dando especial ênfase ao recrutamento externo e às técnicas que o caracterizam. Em seguida, procede-se à contextualização da empresa e à descrição das tarefas realizadas ao longo do estágio. Por fim, é exposto um balanço crítico do estágio, na qual são confrontadas as atividades desenvolvidas ao longo do estágio com o enquadramento teórico. The present report is the final result of an internship carried at Staples Portugal, in the Recruitment and Selection department. The internship consisted in active involvement in all stages of the R&S process, with the objective of practically apply the knowledge attained during the Master's degree. Initially, the concepts inherent to recruitment are theoretically framed, giving special emphasis on external recruiting and the techniques that characterize it. Afterwards, the company is contextualized and the tasks carried out during the internship are described. To conclude, a critical assessment of the internship is presented, in which the activities developed during the internship and the theoretical framework are compared. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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Este trabalho discute a liberalização do transporte aéreo no mercado Europeu, o sucesso do tráfego aéreo, e a importância da regulação de slots aeroportuários para uma concorrência leal. Presentemente, dado o crescimento e a expectativa que o tráfego aéreo cresça ainda mais, os aeroportos e as companhias aéreas debatem-se com um problema de grande dimensão, que passa pela gestão aeroportuária de slots, uma vez que a capacidade dos aeroportos é limitada, e a procura por estas estruturas tem aumentado drasticamente. Face aos vários aeroportos Europeus, estima-se que essa capacidade seja atingida brevemente, fazendo com que a congestão não se dê só apenas por um curto período diário, mas que aumente não só a sua frequência como também a sua duração. Esta congestão pode ter efeitos sobre a concorrência entre as companhias e entre os aeroportos, o que implica que haja um impacto negativo, tanto no ambiente como na segurança. O estudo terá em atenção a capacidade do Aeroporto de Lisboa, ao pedido de slots aeroportuários, a legislação nacional e internacional, outros meios de afectação de slots aeroportuários, a posição da TAP relativamente à regulamentação existente, e aos meios paralelos., This paper discusses the liberalization of air transport in the European market, the success of the air traffic, and the importance of regulation of airport slots for fair competition. At present, given the growth and the expectation that air traffic will grow even more, airports and airlines are struggling with a problem of large dimension, passing by the airport management slots, since the airport capacity is limited, and demand for these structures has increased dramatically. In view of the various European airports, it is estimated that this capacity will be short, so that congestion does not only give daily only for a short time but to increase not only the frequency but also its duration. This congestion may have effects on competition between companies and between airports, which implies that there is a negative impact on both the environment and on safety. The study will take into account the ability of the Lisbon Airport, the application of airport slots, national and international legislation, other means of allocation of airport slots, the position of TAP compared to existing regulations, and parallel means., Orientação: Felipa Cristina Henriques Rodrigues Lopes dos Reis ; co-orientação: José Vicente

Mestrado em Comunicação Multimédia A presente investigação visa compreender como é possível através de uma aplicação multimédia influenciar a comunicação em saúde. Neste sentido, pretende-se desenvolver uma proposta de estratégia de comunicação para crianças com diabetes tipo 1. Com o objetivo de comprovar as hipóteses traçadas foram entrevistadas crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 6 e os 10 anos portadoras de diabetes tipo 1 acompanhadas no Hospital Santa Maria em Lisboa, assim como a equipa de profissionais de saúde e os pais das crianças que participaram na investigação, onde se veio a apurar a sua visão sobre a utilidade de uma aplicação multimédia na compreensão inicial da diabetes. Os dados recolhidos revelam que a existência de uma aplicação multimédia que pudesse ensinar às crianças os principais cuidados a ter com a diabetes assim como lhes explicasse que procedimentos a adotar em determinadas situações poderia facilitar a compreensão inicial da diabetes, assim como facilitaria a mudança de hábitos, tanto para as crianças como para os pais. This research aims to understand how it is possible via a multimedia application to influence health communication. In this sense, we intend to develop a proposal for a communication strategy for children with type 1 diabetes. Aiming to prove the hypotheses outlined we interviewed children aged between 6 and 10 years old with type 1 diabetes followed at the Hospital Santa Maria in Lisbon, as well as the team of health professionals and parents, where we could establish the view on the usefulness of a multimedia application in initial understanding of diabetes. The data collected show that the existence of a multimedia application that could teach children the primary care of diabetes as it explains what procedures to follow in certain situations could facilitate the initial understanding of diabetes, as well as facilitate the changing of habits both for children and for parents.