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4. Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures

Author

Royal Society (UK), German Research Centre for Geosciences, Boğaziçi Üniversity, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Air Force Office of Scientific Research (US), National Science Foundation (US), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Natural Environment Research Council (UK), University of California, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (Australia), Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg, Lecocq, Thomas [0000-0002-4988-6477], Hicks, Stephen [0000-0002-7476-3284], Noten, Koen Van [0000-0001-8933-4426], Wijk, Kasper van [0000-0003-4994-8030], Plaen, Raphael de [0000-0003-3477-2001], Massin, Frédérick [0000-0002-7532-5139], Hillers, Gregor [0000-0003-2341-1892], Apoloner, Maria-Theresia [0000-0002-4006-1284], Arroyo-Solórzano, Mario [0000-0002-1653-2680], Assink, Jelle [0000-0002-4990-6845], Büyükakpınar, Pinar [0000-0001-8461-674X], Cannata, Andrea [0000-0002-0028-5822], Cannavó, Flavio [0000-0001-7550-8579], Carrasco, Sebastián [0000-0002-6207-8757], Caudron, Corentin [0000-0002-3748-0007], Chaves, Esteban [0000-0002-5724-1513], Cornwell, David G. [0000-0002-9843-7811], Craig, David [0000-0001-9414-1725], Diaz, J. [0000-0003-1801-0541], Donner, Stefanie [0000-0001-7351-8079], Evangelidis, Christos [0000-0001-8733-8984], Evers, Läslo [0000-0003-2825-6211], Fernández, Gonzalo A. [0000-0001-8284-9566], Giannopoulos, Dimitrios [0000-0002-8314-0759], Gibbons, Steven J. [0000-0002-7822-0244], Girona, Társilo [0000-0001-6422-0422], Grecu, Bogdan [0000-0002-7662-996X], Grunberg, Marc [0000-0002-1307-7790], Hetényi, Gyorgy [0000-0001-9036-4761], Horleston, Anna [0000-0002-6748-6522], Inza, Adolfo [0000-0001-5381-9042], Irving, Jessica C. E. [0000-0002-0866-8246], Jamalreyhani, Mohammadreza [0000-0003-4181-7175], Kafka, Alan [0000-0001-6643-1602], Labedz, Celeste [0000-0001-7339-2170], Lindsey, Nathaniel [0000-0001-9522-6683], McKinno, Mika [0000-0002-9274-0377], Megies, Tobias [0000-0002-5033-9921], Miller, Meghan [0000-0001-5494-2296], Minarik, William [0000-0001-5509-5543], Moresi, Louis [0000-0003-3685-174X], Márquez-Ramirez, V. H. [0000-0003-1494-2229], Möllhoff, Martin [0000-0003-1848-1554], Nesbitt, Ian M. [0000-0001-5828-6070], Niyogi, Shankho [0000-0002-8362-4569], Ojeda, Javier [0000-0002-7188-8356], Oth, Adrien [0000-0003-4859-6504], Proud, Simon [0000-0003-3880-6774], Retailleau, Lise [0000-0002-0711-4540], Satriano, Claudio [0000-0002-3039-2530], Savage, Martha [0000-0002-2080-0676], Shani-Kadmiel, Shahar [0000-0003-2215-6164], Sleeman,Reinoud [0000-0002-1928-5056], Sokos, Efthimios [0000-0002-7742-7251], Stott, Alexander [0000-0001-6121-705X], Subedi, Shiba [0000-0002-7009-7333], Sørensen, Mathilde [0000-0002-8589-7480], Taira, Taka'aki [0000-0002-6170-797X], Turhan, Fatih [0000-0003-4612-7421], Pluijm, Ben van der [0000-0001-7737-2791], Vergne, Jérôme [0000-0003-1731-9360], Vuorinen, Tommi A. T. [0000-0002-8186-012X], Warren, Tristram [0000-0003-3877-0046], Wassermann, Joachim [0000-0002-4088-1792], Xiao, Han [0000-0001-8727-8053], Lecocq, Thomas, Hicks, Stephen, Noten, Koen Van, Wijk, Kasper van, Koelemeijer, Paula, Plaen, Raphael de, Massin, Frédérick, Hillers, Gregor, Anthony, Robert E., Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Arroyo-Solórzano, Mario, Assink, Jelle, Büyükakpınar, Pinar, Cannata, Andrea, Cannavó, Flavio, Carrasco, Sebastián, Caudron, Corentin, Chaves, Esteban, Cornwell, David G., Craig, David, Ouden, Olivier F. C. den, Diaz, J., Donner, Stefanie, Evangelidis, Christos, Evers, Läslo, Fauville, Benoit, Fernández, Gonzalo A., Giannopoulos, Dimitrios, Gibbons, Steven J., Girona, Társilo, Grecu, Bogdan, Grunberg, Marc, Hetényi, Gyorgy, Horleston, Anna, Inza, Adolfo, Irving, Jessica C. E., Jamalreyhani, Mohammadreza, Kafka, Alan, Koymans, Mathijs R., Labedz, Celeste, Larose, Eric, Lindsey, Nathaniel, McKinno, Mika, Megies, Tobias, Miller, Meghan, Minarik, William, Moresi, Louis, Márquez-Ramirez, V. H., Möllhoff, Martin, Nesbitt, Ian M., Niyogi, Shankho, Ojeda, Javier, Oth, Adrien, Proud, Simon, Pulli, Jay, Retailleau, Lise, Rintamäki, Annukka E., Satriano, Claudio, Savage, Martha, Shani-Kadmiel, Shahar, Sleeman,Reinoud, Sokos, Efthimios, Stott, Alexander, Subedi, Shiba, Sørensen, Mathilde, Taira, Taka'aki, Tapia, Mar, Turhan, Fatih, Pluijm, Ben van der, Vergne, Jérôme, Vuorinen, Tommi A. T., Warren, Tristram, Wassermann, Joachim, Xiao, Han, Royal Society (UK), German Research Centre for Geosciences, Boğaziçi Üniversity, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Air Force Office of Scientific Research (US), National Science Foundation (US), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Natural Environment Research Council (UK), University of California, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (Australia), Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg, Lecocq, Thomas [0000-0002-4988-6477], Hicks, Stephen [0000-0002-7476-3284], Noten, Koen Van [0000-0001-8933-4426], Wijk, Kasper van [0000-0003-4994-8030], Plaen, Raphael de [0000-0003-3477-2001], Massin, Frédérick [0000-0002-7532-5139], Hillers, Gregor [0000-0003-2341-1892], Apoloner, Maria-Theresia [0000-0002-4006-1284], Arroyo-Solórzano, Mario [0000-0002-1653-2680], Assink, Jelle [0000-0002-4990-6845], Büyükakpınar, Pinar [0000-0001-8461-674X], Cannata, Andrea [0000-0002-0028-5822], Cannavó, Flavio [0000-0001-7550-8579], Carrasco, Sebastián [0000-0002-6207-8757], Caudron, Corentin [0000-0002-3748-0007], Chaves, Esteban [0000-0002-5724-1513], Cornwell, David G. [0000-0002-9843-7811], Craig, David [0000-0001-9414-1725], Diaz, J. [0000-0003-1801-0541], Donner, Stefanie [0000-0001-7351-8079], Evangelidis, Christos [0000-0001-8733-8984], Evers, Läslo [0000-0003-2825-6211], Fernández, Gonzalo A. [0000-0001-8284-9566], Giannopoulos, Dimitrios [0000-0002-8314-0759], Gibbons, Steven J. [0000-0002-7822-0244], Girona, Társilo [0000-0001-6422-0422], Grecu, Bogdan [0000-0002-7662-996X], Grunberg, Marc [0000-0002-1307-7790], Hetényi, Gyorgy [0000-0001-9036-4761], Horleston, Anna [0000-0002-6748-6522], Inza, Adolfo [0000-0001-5381-9042], Irving, Jessica C. E. [0000-0002-0866-8246], Jamalreyhani, Mohammadreza [0000-0003-4181-7175], Kafka, Alan [0000-0001-6643-1602], Labedz, Celeste [0000-0001-7339-2170], Lindsey, Nathaniel [0000-0001-9522-6683], McKinno, Mika [0000-0002-9274-0377], Megies, Tobias [0000-0002-5033-9921], Miller, Meghan [0000-0001-5494-2296], Minarik, William [0000-0001-5509-5543], Moresi, Louis [0000-0003-3685-174X], Márquez-Ramirez, V. H. [0000-0003-1494-2229], Möllhoff, Martin [0000-0003-1848-1554], Nesbitt, Ian M. [0000-0001-5828-6070], Niyogi, Shankho [0000-0002-8362-4569], Ojeda, Javier [0000-0002-7188-8356], Oth, Adrien [0000-0003-4859-6504], Proud, Simon [0000-0003-3880-6774], Retailleau, Lise [0000-0002-0711-4540], Satriano, Claudio [0000-0002-3039-2530], Savage, Martha [0000-0002-2080-0676], Shani-Kadmiel, Shahar [0000-0003-2215-6164], Sleeman,Reinoud [0000-0002-1928-5056], Sokos, Efthimios [0000-0002-7742-7251], Stott, Alexander [0000-0001-6121-705X], Subedi, Shiba [0000-0002-7009-7333], Sørensen, Mathilde [0000-0002-8589-7480], Taira, Taka'aki [0000-0002-6170-797X], Turhan, Fatih [0000-0003-4612-7421], Pluijm, Ben van der [0000-0001-7737-2791], Vergne, Jérôme [0000-0003-1731-9360], Vuorinen, Tommi A. T. [0000-0002-8186-012X], Warren, Tristram [0000-0003-3877-0046], Wassermann, Joachim [0000-0002-4088-1792], Xiao, Han [0000-0001-8727-8053], Lecocq, Thomas, Hicks, Stephen, Noten, Koen Van, Wijk, Kasper van, Koelemeijer, Paula, Plaen, Raphael de, Massin, Frédérick, Hillers, Gregor, Anthony, Robert E., Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Arroyo-Solórzano, Mario, Assink, Jelle, Büyükakpınar, Pinar, Cannata, Andrea, Cannavó, Flavio, Carrasco, Sebastián, Caudron, Corentin, Chaves, Esteban, Cornwell, David G., Craig, David, Ouden, Olivier F. C. den, Diaz, J., Donner, Stefanie, Evangelidis, Christos, Evers, Läslo, Fauville, Benoit, Fernández, Gonzalo A., Giannopoulos, Dimitrios, Gibbons, Steven J., Girona, Társilo, Grecu, Bogdan, Grunberg, Marc, Hetényi, Gyorgy, Horleston, Anna, Inza, Adolfo, Irving, Jessica C. E., Jamalreyhani, Mohammadreza, Kafka, Alan, Koymans, Mathijs R., Labedz, Celeste, Larose, Eric, Lindsey, Nathaniel, McKinno, Mika, Megies, Tobias, Miller, Meghan, Minarik, William, Moresi, Louis, Márquez-Ramirez, V. H., Möllhoff, Martin, Nesbitt, Ian M., Niyogi, Shankho, Ojeda, Javier, Oth, Adrien, Proud, Simon, Pulli, Jay, Retailleau, Lise, Rintamäki, Annukka E., Satriano, Claudio, Savage, Martha, Shani-Kadmiel, Shahar, Sleeman,Reinoud, Sokos, Efthimios, Stott, Alexander, Subedi, Shiba, Sørensen, Mathilde, Taira, Taka'aki, Tapia, Mar, Turhan, Fatih, Pluijm, Ben van der, Vergne, Jérôme, Vuorinen, Tommi A. T., Warren, Tristram, Wassermann, Joachim, and Xiao, Han

Abstract

Human activity causes vibrations that propagate into the ground as high-frequency seismic waves. Measures to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread changes in human activity, leading to a months-long reduction in seismic noise of up to 50%. The 2020 seismic noise quiet period is the longest and most prominent global anthropogenic seismic noise reduction on record. While the reduction is strongest at surface seismometers in populated areas, this seismic quiescence extends for many kilometers radially and hundreds of meters in depth. This provides an opportunity to detect subtle signals from subsurface seismic sources that would have been concealed in noisier times and to benchmark sources of anthropogenic noise. A strong correlation between seismic noise and independent measurements of human mobility suggests that seismology provides an absolute, real-time estimate of population dynamics.

Published
2020

6. Segmented lateral dyke growth in a rifting event at Bárðarbunga volcanic system, Iceland

Author

Sigmundsson, Freysteinn, Hooper, Andrew, Hreinsdóttir, Sigrún, Vogfjörd, Kristín S., Ófeigsson, Benedikt G., Heimisson, Elías Rafn, Dumont, Stéphanie, Parks, Michelle, Spaans, Karsten, Gudmundsson, Gunnar B., Drouin, Vincent, Árnadóttir, Thóra, Jónsdóttir, Kristín, Gudmundsson, Magnús T., Högnadóttir, Thórdís, Fridriksdóttir, Hildur María, Hensch, Martin, Einarsson, Páll, Magnússon, Eyjólfur, Samsonov, Sergey, Brandsdóttir, Bryndís, White, Robert S., Ágústsdóttir, Thorbjörg, Greenfield, Tim, Green, Robert G., Hjartardóttir, Ásta Rut, Pedersen, Rikke, Bennett, Richard A., Geirsson, Halldór, La Femina, Peter C., Björnsson, Helgi, Pálsson, Finnur, Sturkell, Erik, Bean, Christopher J., Möllhoff, Martin, Braiden, Aoife K., and Eibl, Eva P. S.

Published
2015
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8. Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures

Author

Lecocq, Thomas, Hicks, Stephen, Van Noten, Koen, Van Wijk, Kasper, Koelemeijer, Paula, De Plaen, Raphael, Massin, Frédérick, Hillers, Gregor, Anthony, Robert, Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Arroyo-Solórzano, Mario, Assink, Jelle, Büyükakpınar, Pinar, Cannata, Andrea, Cannavo, Flavio, Carrasco, Sebastian, Caudron, Corentin, Chaves, Esteban, Cornwell, David, Craig, David, den Ouden, Olivier, Diaz, Jordi, Donner, Stefanie, Evangelidis, Christos, Evers, Läslo, Fauville, Benoit, Fernandez, Gonzalo, Giannopoulos, Dimitrios, Gibbons, Steven, Girona, Társilo, Grecu, Bogdan, Grunberg, Marc, Hetényi, György, Horleston, Anna, Inza, Adolfo, Irving, Jessica, Jamalreyhani, Mohammadreza, Kafka, Alan, Koymans, Mathijs, Labedz, Celeste, Larose, Éric, Lindsey, Nathaniel, McKinnon, Mika, Megies, Tobias, Miller, Meghan, Minarik, William, Moresi, Louis, Márquez-Ramírez, Víctor, Möllhoff, Martin, Nesbitt, Ian, Niyogi, Shankho, Ojeda, Javier, Oth, Adrien, Proud, Simon, Pulli, Jay, Retailleau, Lise, Rintamäki, Annukka, Satriano, Claudio, Savage, Martha, Shani-Kadmiel, Shahar, Sleeman, Reinoud, Sokos, Efthimios, Stammler, Klaus, Stott, Alexander, Subedi, Shiba, Sørensen, Mathilde, Taira, Taka'Aki, Tapia, Mar, Turhan, Fatih, van der Pluijm, Ben, Vanstone, Mark, Vergne, Jerôme, Vuorinen, Tommi, Warren, Tristram, Wassermann, Joachim, Xiao, Han, Büyükakpinar, Pinar, Rica, Costa, José, San, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020
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20. Segmented lateral dyke growth in a rifting event at Bárðarbunga volcanic system, Iceland

Author

Sigmundsson, Freysteinn, primary, Hooper, Andrew, additional, Hreinsdóttir, Sigrún, additional, Vogfjörd, Kristín S., additional, Ófeigsson, Benedikt G., additional, Heimisson, Elías Rafn, additional, Dumont, Stéphanie, additional, Parks, Michelle, additional, Spaans, Karsten, additional, Gudmundsson, Gunnar B., additional, Drouin, Vincent, additional, Árnadóttir, Thóra, additional, Jónsdóttir, Kristín, additional, Gudmundsson, Magnús T., additional, Högnadóttir, Thórdís, additional, Fridriksdóttir, Hildur María, additional, Hensch, Martin, additional, Einarsson, Páll, additional, Magnússon, Eyjólfur, additional, Samsonov, Sergey, additional, Brandsdóttir, Bryndís, additional, White, Robert S., additional, Ágústsdóttir, Thorbjörg, additional, Greenfield, Tim, additional, Green, Robert G., additional, Hjartardóttir, Ásta Rut, additional, Pedersen, Rikke, additional, Bennett, Richard A., additional, Geirsson, Halldór, additional, La Femina, Peter C., additional, Björnsson, Helgi, additional, Pálsson, Finnur, additional, Sturkell, Erik, additional, Bean, Christopher J., additional, Möllhoff, Martin, additional, Braiden, Aoife K., additional, and Eibl, Eva P. S., additional

Published
2014
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23. Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures

Author

Han Xiao, Ben A. van der Pluijm, Simon Richard Proud, Adolfo Inza, Stephen Hicks, T. Megies, Alexander E. Stott, William G. Minarik, Efthimios Sokos, Mika McKinnon, Kasper van Wijk, Anna Horleston, Victor H. Márquez-Ramírez, Läslo Evers, Bogdan Grecu, Esteban J. Chaves, Joachim Wassermann, Claudio Satriano, Christos Evangelidis, Paula Koelemeijer, David Craig, Frédérick Massin, Sebastián Carrasco, György Hetényi, Mario Arroyo-Solórzano, Eric Larose, Jay J. Pulli, Társilo Girona, Lise Retailleau, Javier Ojeda, Olivier F. C. den Ouden, Alan L. Kafka, Gonzalo A. Fernandez, Marc Grunberg, Tommi Vuorinen, Robert E. Anthony, Steven J. Gibbons, Stefanie Donner, Martin Möllhoff, Nathaniel J. Lindsey, Jordi Diaz, C. R. Labedz, Meghan S. Miller, Taka'aki Taira, Dave Cornwell, Mathijs Koymans, Corentin Caudron, Klaus Stammler, Andrea Cannata, Flavio Cannavò, Reinoud Sleeman, Mark Vanstone, Shiba Subedi, Raphael S. M. De Plaen, Shankho Niyogi, Koen Van Noten, Shahar Shani-Kadmiel, Jelle Assink, Tristram Warren, Jessica C. E. Irving, Ian M. Nesbitt, Dimitrios Giannopoulos, Martha K. Savage, Mohammadreza Jamalreyhani, Louis Moresi, Maria-Theresia Apoloner, Gregor Hillers, Jérôme Vergne, Benoit Fauville, Fatih Turhan, Annukka E. Rintamäki, Pınar Büyükakpınar, Adrien Oth, Mathilde B. Sørensen, Mar Tapia, Thomas Lecocq, Royal Society (UK), German Research Centre for Geosciences, Boğaziçi Üniversity, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Air Force Office of Scientific Research (US), National Science Foundation (US), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Natural Environment Research Council (UK), University of California, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (Australia), Belgian Science Policy Office, Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg, Lecocq, Thomas, Hicks, Stephen, Noten, Koen Van, Wijk, Kasper van, Plaen, Raphael de, Massin, Frédérick, Hillers, Gregor, Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Arroyo-Solórzano, Mario, Assink, Jelle, Büyükakpınar, Pinar, Cannata, Andrea, Cannavó, Flavio, Carrasco, Sebastián, Caudron, Corentin, Chaves, Esteban, Cornwell, David G., Craig, David, Diaz, J., Donner, Stefanie, Evangelidis, Christos, Evers, Läslo, Fernández, Gonzalo A., Giannopoulos, Dimitrios, Gibbons, Steven J., Girona, Társilo, Grecu, Bogdan, Grunberg, Marc, Hetényi, Gyorgy, Horleston, Anna, Inza, Adolfo, Irving, Jessica C. E., Jamalreyhani, Mohammadreza, Kafka, Alan, Labedz, Celeste, Lindsey, Nathaniel, McKinno, Mika, Megies, Tobias, Miller, Meghan, Minarik, William, Moresi, Louis, Márquez-Ramirez, V. H., Möllhoff, Martin, Nesbitt, Ian M., Niyogi, Shankho, Ojeda, Javier, Oth, Adrien, Proud, Simon, Retailleau, Lise, Satriano, Claudio, Savage, Martha, Shani-Kadmiel, Shahar, Sleeman,Reinoud, Sokos, Efthimios, Stott, Alexander, Subedi, Shiba, Sørensen, Mathilde, Taira, Taka'aki, Turhan, Fatih, Pluijm, Ben van der, Vergne, Jérôme, Vuorinen, Tommi A. T., Warren, Tristram, Wassermann, Joachim, Xiao, Han, Lecocq, Thomas [0000-0002-4988-6477], Hicks, Stephen [0000-0002-7476-3284], Noten, Koen Van [0000-0001-8933-4426], Wijk, Kasper van [0000-0003-4994-8030], Plaen, Raphael de [0000-0003-3477-2001], Massin, Frédérick [0000-0002-7532-5139], Hillers, Gregor [0000-0003-2341-1892], Apoloner, Maria-Theresia [0000-0002-4006-1284], Arroyo-Solórzano, Mario [0000-0002-1653-2680], Assink, Jelle [0000-0002-4990-6845], Büyükakpınar, Pinar [0000-0001-8461-674X], Cannata, Andrea [0000-0002-0028-5822], Cannavó, Flavio [0000-0001-7550-8579], Carrasco, Sebastián [0000-0002-6207-8757], Caudron, Corentin [0000-0002-3748-0007], Chaves, Esteban [0000-0002-5724-1513], Cornwell, David G. [0000-0002-9843-7811], Craig, David [0000-0001-9414-1725], Diaz, J. [0000-0003-1801-0541], Donner, Stefanie [0000-0001-7351-8079], Evangelidis, Christos [0000-0001-8733-8984], Evers, Läslo [0000-0003-2825-6211], Fernández, Gonzalo A. [0000-0001-8284-9566], Giannopoulos, Dimitrios [0000-0002-8314-0759], Gibbons, Steven J. [0000-0002-7822-0244], Girona, Társilo [0000-0001-6422-0422], Grecu, Bogdan [0000-0002-7662-996X], Grunberg, Marc [0000-0002-1307-7790], Hetényi, Gyorgy [0000-0001-9036-4761], Horleston, Anna [0000-0002-6748-6522], Inza, Adolfo [0000-0001-5381-9042], Irving, Jessica C. E. [0000-0002-0866-8246], Jamalreyhani, Mohammadreza [0000-0003-4181-7175], Kafka, Alan [0000-0001-6643-1602], Labedz, Celeste [0000-0001-7339-2170], Lindsey, Nathaniel [0000-0001-9522-6683], McKinno, Mika [0000-0002-9274-0377], Megies, Tobias [0000-0002-5033-9921], Miller, Meghan [0000-0001-5494-2296], Minarik, William [0000-0001-5509-5543], Moresi, Louis [0000-0003-3685-174X], Márquez-Ramirez, V. H. [0000-0003-1494-2229], Möllhoff, Martin [0000-0003-1848-1554], Nesbitt, Ian M. [0000-0001-5828-6070], Niyogi, Shankho [0000-0002-8362-4569], Ojeda, Javier [0000-0002-7188-8356], Oth, Adrien [0000-0003-4859-6504], Proud, Simon [0000-0003-3880-6774], Retailleau, Lise [0000-0002-0711-4540], Satriano, Claudio [0000-0002-3039-2530], Savage, Martha [0000-0002-2080-0676], Shani-Kadmiel, Shahar [0000-0003-2215-6164], Sleeman,Reinoud [0000-0002-1928-5056], Sokos, Efthimios [0000-0002-7742-7251], Stott, Alexander [0000-0001-6121-705X], Subedi, Shiba [0000-0002-7009-7333], Sørensen, Mathilde [0000-0002-8589-7480], Taira, Taka'aki [0000-0002-6170-797X], Turhan, Fatih [0000-0003-4612-7421], Pluijm, Ben van der [0000-0001-7737-2791], Vergne, Jérôme [0000-0003-1731-9360], Vuorinen, Tommi A. T. [0000-0002-8186-012X], Warren, Tristram [0000-0003-3877-0046], Wassermann, Joachim [0000-0002-4088-1792], and Xiao, Han [0000-0001-8727-8053]

Subjects
Seismometer, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), General Science & Technology, Pneumonia, Viral, Seismic noise, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Seismic wave, Activities of Daily Living, Humans, Pandemics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multidisciplinary, COVID-19, Covid19, Noise, Quiet period, Quarantine, Séismologie, Coronavirus Infections, Geology, Seismology
Abstract

Human activity causes vibrations that propagate into the ground as high-frequency seismic waves. Measures to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread changes in human activity, leading to a months-long reduction in seismic noise of up to 50%. The 2020 seismic noise quiet period is the longest and most prominent global anthropogenic seismic noise reduction on record. While the reduction is strongest at surface seismometers in populated areas, this seismic quiescence extends for many kilometers radially and hundreds of meters in depth. This provides an opportunity to detect subtle signals from subsurface seismic sources that would have been concealed in noisier times and to benchmark sources of anthropogenic noise. A strong correlation between seismic noise and independent measurements of human mobility suggests that seismology provides an absolute, real-time estimate of population dynamics., P.K. was funded by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship (URF\R1\180377). P.B. and M.J. acknowledge support from the International Training Course “Seismology and Seismic Hazard Assessment” funded by the GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam (GFZ) and the German Federal Foreign Office through the German Humanitarian Assistance program (grant S08-60 321.50 ALL 03/19). P.B also acknowledges financial support from the Boğaziçi University Research Fund (BAP 15683). O.F.C.d.O acknowledges funding from a Young Investigator Grant from the Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP - project number RGY0072/2017). C.P.E. and E.S. acknowledge funding from the HELPOS Project “Hellenic Plate Observing System” (MIS 5002697). L.E. and S.S.-K. acknowledge funding from a VIDI project from the Dutch Research Council (NWO project number 864.14.005). G.A.F. acknowledges contributions from the Observatorio San Calixto, which is supported by the Air Force Technical Application Center (AFTAC). C.R.L. acknowledge funding from the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program (grant No. DGE‐1745301). V.-H.M. and R.D.P. acknowledge support from grant CONACYT-299766. R.D.P. acknowledges support from the UNAM-DGAPA postdoctoral scholarship. J.O. acknowledges support from the Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Scholarship ANID-PFCHA / Doctorado Nacional / 2020-21200903). S.P. acknowledges financial support from the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/R013144/1). A.E.R. acknowledges support from the K.H. Renlund foundation. M.K.S. acknowledges the New Zealand Earthquake Commission (EQC Project No 20796). H.X. acknowledges support from a Multidisciplinary Research on the Coronavirus and its Impacts (MRCI) grant from UC Santa Barbara. The Australian Seismometers in Schools data used in this research are supported by AuScope, enabled by the Australian Commonwealth NCRIS program. A.O. acknowledges support from the project RESIST, funded by the Belgian Federal Science Policy (contract SR/00/305) and the Luxembourg National Research Fund

Published
2020
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24. Intrusive mechanism of the 2018 Sierra Negra Galápagos eruption, constrained by 4D tomographic images.

Author

Rezaeifar, Meysam, Bean, Christopher J., Grannell, James, Möllhoff, Martin, and Bell, Andrew F.

Subjects
*TOMOGRAPHY, *SILLS (Geology), *VOLCANIC eruptions, *SEISMIC wave velocity, *SEISMIC event location, *THERMAL stresses, *TSUNAMI warning systems, *INTRUSION detection systems (Computer security)
Abstract

Understanding the mechanisms of magma intrusion underpins our ability to interpret geophysical monitoring signals at volcanoes and thus issue reliable forecasts of future activity. The basaltic caldera volcanoes of the western Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, exhibit exceptionally high rates of deformation driven by shallow magma accumulation and migration. However, the nature and evolution of magma storage at these volcanoes is poorly constrained by earthquake hypocentre locations or geodetic inversions. Here we show that transient variations in seismic velocity before, during, and after the 2018 eruption of the Sierra Negra volcano track the accumulation of magma in a shallow sill complex and the emplacement of a lateral flank intrusion. A four-dimensional tomographic technique applied to the P-wave arrivals of local earthquakes provides high spatiotemporal resolution of changes in the physical properties of the shallow volcanic system. In the month before the eruption, the expansion of a low-velocity zone above the sub-caldera sill complex coincides with caldera uplift and near-surface fracturing, driven by persistent shallow magma accumulation. A new low-velocity anomaly appeared progressively in the western flank of the volcano in the days after the onset of the eruption, coinciding with the opening of a curved sill that supplied magma to secondary eruptive fissures. The anomaly disappeared as the curved sill deflated after the initial opening, despite it remaining the conduit for magma from the caldera complex to the flank fissures. Low velocities across the shallow caldera after the end of the eruption likely result from rapid inflation due to recharge with fresh magma from depth. These results indicate a previously unknown complexity to the magmatic plumbing system at Sierra Negra and suggest velocity changes resulting from an interplay of thermal and stress perturbations. • Understanding the mechanisms of shallow sill complex and lateral flank intrusion of Sierra Negra 2018 eruption • A new 4D Vp velocity model related to the magma intrusion system underneath Sierra Negra • A more comprehensive understanding of Sierra Negra volcano and its associated hazards • Understanding the dynamic nature of magma accumulation and emplacement within the volcano [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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25. Caldera resurgence during the 2018 eruption of Sierra Negra volcano, Galápagos Islands

Author

Michael J. Stock, M. Higgins, Peter C. La Femina, Matthew Gleeson, Nathan J. Meier, Mario Ruiz, Christopher J. Bean, Falk Amelung, Cynthia Ebinger, Benjamin Bernard, Martin Möllhoff, James Grannell, Marco Bagnardi, Céline Liorzou, Stephen Hernandez, Paul Lundgren, S. J. C. Oliva, Andres Gorki Ruiz, Andrew Bell, Bell, Andrew F [0000-0002-5633-6289], La Femina, Peter C [0000-0001-6053-2074], Ruiz, Mario [0000-0002-0872-6573], Bagnardi, Marco [0000-0002-4315-0944], Bernard, Benjamin [0000-0002-0333-5493], Ebinger, Cynthia [0000-0002-6211-3399], Gleeson, Matthew [0000-0003-0839-5492], Hernandez, Stephen [0000-0002-8990-4027], Möllhoff, Martin [0000-0003-1848-1554], Stock, Michael J [0000-0001-7208-4301], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Bell, Andrew F. [0000-0002-5633-6289], La Femina, Peter C. [0000-0001-6053-2074], and Stock, Michael J. [0000-0001-7208-4301]

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Science, Volcanology, General Physics and Astronomy, 3705 Geology, Induced seismicity, Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Paleontology, Caldera, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Basalt, geography, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Rift, 704/2151/598, article, 37 Earth Sciences, Subsidence, General Chemistry, 3703 Geochemistry, Geophysics, Volcano, 704/2151/2809, Magma, 704/2151/508, 3706 Geophysics, Geology
Abstract

Funder: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (French Research Institute for Development); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/100012947, Recent large basaltic eruptions began after only minor surface uplift and seismicity, and resulted in caldera subsidence. In contrast, some eruptions at Galápagos Island volcanoes are preceded by prolonged, large amplitude uplift and elevated seismicity. These systems also display long-term intra-caldera uplift, or resurgence. However, a scarcity of observations has obscured the mechanisms underpinning such behaviour. Here we combine a unique multiparametric dataset to show how the 2018 eruption of Sierra Negra contributed to caldera resurgence. Magma supply to a shallow reservoir drove 6.5 m of pre-eruptive uplift and seismicity over thirteen years, including an Mw5.4 earthquake that triggered the eruption. Although co-eruptive magma withdrawal resulted in 8.5 m of subsidence, net uplift of the inner-caldera on a trapdoor fault resulted in 1.5 m of permanent resurgence. These observations reveal the importance of intra-caldera faulting in affecting resurgence, and the mechanisms of eruption in the absence of well-developed rift systems.

Published
2021
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