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Digital technologies and connectivity offer unprecedented opportunities for businesses to adapt and reinvent themselves to gain and sustain competitive advantage. Digital transformation and business model innovation have generated a large body of research in recent years due to their great practical importance. This study critically evaluates this extensive literature and aims to capture different understandings of digital business models (DBMs), identify knowledge gaps and highlight perspectives for further research. To achieve this, the literature review deductively filters out the most relevant 626 studies. For this purpose, the literature is clustered into the areas of "definition and terminology", "classification and taxonomy", "technology", "configuration, structures and processes", "drivers and determinants" and "results and impacts". The most important scientific results and approaches are discussed and corresponding implications are derived from previous research in order to summarise the most important findings and perspectives for science and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the prevailing trend of urbanization threatens to overcrowd the world's cities in the upcoming years thus fostering the conceptualization of 'smart city' policies to increase their capacities for housing and supplying their citizens. This study reviews previous approaches modelling cities as collaborative ecosystems and combines the various societal, economic, and technological interactions of its stakeholders to an integrated notion of collaborative SC ecosystems. By reviewing the results of the relevant literature, these studies show parallels between Smart Cities and open innovation ecosystems. Based on these findings, the study defines a Smart City as an urban innovation ecosystem following a quadruple-helix structure. By investigating the applicability of governance instruments and digital technologies, it becomes apparent that smart technologies provide the opportunity to program a governance mechanism into the algorithmic structure of SC software thus giving birth to governance by smart technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to systematically analyse literature reviews on business models to determine which and to what extent specific business model (BM) research topics receive attention. The systematic meta approach allows 23 selected studies to be examined on the basis of their content by comparing their research approach, focus and results, citation success and stated research directions. In this context, 10 key BM research areas could be derived, which can be grouped into four research domains: (1) BM terminology, (2) BM factors, (3) BM outcomes and impacts, and (4) BM concept application and transfer. The systematic and detailed analysis of the research enables the identification of research gaps and the derivation of recommendations for future BM research efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary Immunodeficiencies constitute a group of highly complex congenital disorders most of which are characterized by a very poor prognosis. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has become an established curative treatment approach in many of these disorders, which may be permanently corrected. In this presentation basic and practical aspects of HSCT are presented, with an emphasis on its application in lymphocyte disorders such as severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Optimal results and outcome of HSCT are highly dependant on early and correct diagnosis of these rare disorders, and HSCT should usually be applied early in the course of the disease in order to prevent irreversible complications from infections. Clinical results will be summarized based on recent analysis performed in large patient cohorts, which have shown steady improvements and have led to a marked change in the prognosis of patients with primary immunodeficiencies.