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Deciphering the striatal interneuron diversity is key to understanding the basal ganglia circuit and to untangle the complex neurological and psychiatric diseases affecting this brain structure. We performed single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) of postmortem human caudate nucleus (CN) and putamen (Pu) samples to elucidate the diversity and abundance of interneuron populations and their transcriptional structure in the human dorsal striatum. We propose a new taxonomy of striatal interneurons with eight main classes. We provide specific markers for all subclasses and validated some of them with quantitativein situfluorescence hybridization, such as a novel PTHLH-expressing population that exhibits different abundance and gene expression between CN and Pu. For the most abundant interneuron populations in human striatum, PTHLH and TAC3, we found matching known mouse interneuron populations based on key functional genes such as ion channels and synaptic receptors. Remarkably, human TAC3 and mouse Th populations share important similarities including the expression of the neuropeptide tachykinin 3. Finally, we were able to integrate our dataset with several prior smaller human striatal snRNA-seq studies, thus supporting the generalizability of this new harmonized taxonomy.

KEAP1 mutations have been associated with reduced survival in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), particularly in the presence of STK11/KRAS alterations. We hypothesized that, beyond co-occurring genomic events, clonality prediction may help identify deleterious KEAP1 mutations and their counterparts with retained sensitivity to ICIs.Beta-binomial modelling of sequencing read counts was used to infer KEAP1 clonal inactivation by combined somatic mutation and loss of heterozygosity (KEAP1 C-LOH) versus partial inactivation (KEAP1 clonal diploid-subclonal, KEAP1 CD-SC) in the MSK MetTropism cohort (N=2,550). Clonality/LOH prediction was compared to a streamlined clinical classifier that relies on variant allele frequencies (VAFs) and tumor purity (TP) (VAF/TP ratio). The impact of this classification on survival outcomes was tested in two independent cohorts of LUAD patients treated with immunotherapy (MSK/Rome N=237; DFCI N=461). Immune-related features were studied by exploiting RNA-sequencing data (TCGA) and multiplexed immunofluorescence (DFCI mIF cohort).Clonality/LOH inference in the MSK MetTropism cohort overlapped with a clinical classification model defined by the VAF/TP ratio. In the ICI-treated MSK/Rome discovery cohort, predicted KEAP1 C-LOH mutations were associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to KEAP1 wild-type cases (PFS log-rank P=0.001; OS log-rank P0.001). Similar results were obtained in the DFCI validation cohort (PFS log-rank P=0.006; OS log-rank P=0.014). In both cohorts, we did not observe any significant difference in survival outcomes when comparing KEAP1 CD-SC and wild-type tumors. Immune deconvolution and multiplexed immunofluorescence revealed that KEAP1 C-LOH and KEAP1 CD-SC differed for immune-related features.KEAP1 C-LOH mutations are associated with an immune-excluded phenotype and worse clinical outcomes among advanced LUAD patients treated with ICIs. By contrast, survival outcomes of patients whose tumors harbored KEAP1 CD-SC mutations were similar to those with KEAP1 wild-type LUADs.

International audience; Using the compound [RuII(FT)(bipy)(NO)](PF6)3 (FT is the electron‐rich 4’‐(2‐fluorenyl)‐2,2’:6’,2’’‐terpyridine ligand and bipy is 2–2’bipyridine) as a reference, two new compounds are presented in which carbon‐carbon double and triple bonds are inserted between the fluorenyl substituent and the terpyridine to provide an extended conjugation path. The electronic properties of the three complexes are compared experimentally by UV‐visible spectroscopy and computationally by means of the density functional theory. All of them exhibit a capability for NO release under irradiation on their low‐energy transition located in the 400–500 nm range, with a quantum yield around 0.01. Their two‐photon absorption (TPA) cross sections are investigated by the Z‐scan technique at λ=800 nm. While the reference compound exhibits a cross‐section equal to 108 GM, the introduction of double and triple bonds leads to increased cross‐sections equal to 131 GM and 150 GM, respectively. These values are discussed in reference to the two‐level model in use for “push‐pull” dipolar TPA chromophores.

Osteoarthritis (OA) represents an inflammation-driven injury of articular tissues, progressively leading to structural and functional joint impairment. The main symptom of OA is pain. Although it has been well established that OA represents a whole joint disease, the source of pain remains to be clarified. Nowadays, it has been well established that neurotrophines expression is evident in joints affected by OA. In addition, elevated NGF levels are found in the synovial fluid of patients with inflammatory or degenerative rheumatic diseases, including OA, rheumatoid arthritis and spondylarthritis. Growing evidences indicate that blocking NGF signaling using an anti NGF agent (i.e. tanezumab) provides effective pain relief. This study analyzed the effects of NGF and BDNF on cultured human chondrocytes by evaluating and their effects on chondrogenesis, chondrocyte differentiation and cartilage degeneration through a microarray analysis. The whole transcriptome analysis performed in this study highlighted how NGF and BDNF could be able to induce a proinflammatory response in human chondrocytes. Moreover, NGF and BDNF treatments seems to be able to induce the activation of several genes involved in the OA pathogenesis as IL17AR, HLA-DRB1, GDF-15, NR1D1, MCF2L and TGF-Beta.

In recent years, the boom in the use of everyday devices like smartphones has made that the fourth generation (4G) systems reached their limit. This has caused an increase in the research of the fifth-generation (5G) of communications systems. Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GDFM) is a flexible multi-carrier scheme suitable for various 5G applications. However, the main problem of the GFDM system, like other, based on OFDM, is high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of the data transmission in the time domain. To solve this problem, PAPR reduction schemes have been proposed, including various pulse shaping filters, such as raised cosine (RC) or ramp based. These filters affect the symbol error rate (SER). In this paper, we introduce the use of overlapped partial transmit sequence (OPTS) with an additional pulse shape, namely fourth-order Xia pulse for PAPR reduction in GDFM systems and evaluate their SER performance. The SER v/s signal to noise ratio performance is tested in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. The PAPR reduction effectiveness of the proposed method has been confirmed by the simulation results in the paper. Furthermore, the SER performance of the proposed filter is superior to RC.

Equine influenza is a highly contagious respiratory disease considered the most important respiratory disease in equids. Although influenza A virus (IAV) has caused outbreaks in equids worldwide, surveillance in these species in Spain has not been conducted. A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the individual and herd prevalence of antibodies against H3N8 and H7N7 IAV in equids in Andalusia (southern Spain). Antibodies againsts IAV were measured by the single radial haemolysis assay. A spatial scan statistical analysis was carried out using a Bernoulli model. Risk factors associated with IAV infection were assessed by multivariate analysis. Antibodies to H3N8 IAV were detected in 241 out of 464 unvaccinated equids (51.9%; 95% CI: 47.4-56.5). Seropositivity against the H7N7 subtype IAV was not found in any of the analysed animals. Significantly higher seropositivity was found in geriatric (OR = 6.1, P = 0.008, 95% CI = 1.6-23.1) and adult (OR = 4.8, P < 0.001, 95% CI = 2.5-9.0) equids compared to young animals. Specific antibodies against A/equine/Shropshire/2010 (H3N8) or A/equine/Newmarket/5/2003 (H3N8) only were confirmed in 11 and 45 of the animals, respectively. The spatial analysis showed a statistically significant cluster centred in the west part of Andalusia. The results confirmed widespread H3N8 subtype IAV exposure in equine species in Andalusia. Conversely, the absence of seropositivity against H7N7 IAV obtained in the present study suggests that this subtype has not circulated in southern Spain in recent years. Because of the animal health and economic consequences of IAV in equids, further surveillance and molecular studies are required to monitor and characterize the most prevalent IAV circulating in these species in Spain.

Resumen El principal objetivo del presente ensayo es evaluar las asignaciones presupuestarias de los proyectos de inversión pública en el área urbana del Cantón Riobamba y su incidencia en el Desarrollo Local en el período 2015-2016, el presente trabajo de investigación fue correlacionar porque permitió conocer la relación o grado de asociación que existió entre la inversión pública, las asignaciones presupuestarias y el desarrollo local; a través de la aplicación de las variables de análisis estadístico: ANOVA y LEVENE; determinando así, cómo influyó esta relación de variables en mejorar la calidad de vida de la población considerando una correcta visión de desarrollo local en sus dimensiones: económica, social y territorial. De tal forma que se realice una revisión a la gestión realizada en la elaboración, ejecución y evaluación presupuestaria de los recursos económicos provistos por el Gobierno Local y Nacional; su uso, su beneficio y los resultados obtenidos, que permitan un aporte significativo en la evaluación de la inclusión de un adecuado modelo de ordenamiento territorial previsto a través de la Constitución y leyes vigentes para verificar que la ciudadanía se encuentre en un entorno ordenado, organizado y con acceso a un desarrollo local sostenible y sustentable en el tiempo. The main objective of this essay is to evaluate the budget allocations of public investment projects in the urban area of the Riobamba Canton and its impact on Local Development in the period 2015-2016, the present research work was correlated because it allowed to know the relationship or degree of association that existed between public investment, budget allocations and local development; through the application of statistical analysis variables: ANOVA and LEVENE; determining how this relationship of variables influenced to improve the quality of life of the population considering a correct vision of local development in its dimensions: economic, social and territorial. In such a way that a review is made of the management carried out in the preparation, execution and budgetary evaluation of the economic resources provided by the Local and National Government; its use, its benefit and the results obtained, which allow a significant contribution in the evaluation of the inclusion of an adequate model of territorial ordering foreseen through the Constitution and laws in force to verify that citizenship is in an orderly, organized environment and with access to sustainable local development that is sustainable over time. Palabras clave: Ordenamiento Territorial, Territorio, Presupuesto, Desarrollo Local, Evaluación. Keywords: Territorial Planning, Territory, Budget, Local Development, Evaluation.

Child acute malnutrition (AM) is an important cause of child mortality. Accurately estimating its burden requires cumulative incidence data from longitudinal studies, which are rarely available in low-income settings. In the absence of such data, the AM burden is approximated using prevalence estimates from cross-sectional surveys and the incidence correction factor \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$K$\end{document}, obtained from the few available cohorts that measured AM. We estimated \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$K$\end{document} factors for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) from AM incidence and prevalence using representative cross-sectional baseline and longitudinal data from 2 cluster-randomized controlled trials (Innovative Approaches for the Prevention of Childhood Malnutrition—PROMIS) conducted between 2014 and 2017 in Burkina Faso and Mali. We compared K estimates using complete (weight-for-length z score, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and edema) and partial (MUAC, edema) definitions of SAM and MAM. \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$K$\end{document} estimates for SAM were 9.4 and 5.7 in Burkina Faso and in Mali, respectively; K estimates for MAM were 4.7 in Burkina Faso and 5.1 in Mali. The MUAC and edema–based definition of AM did not lead to different \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$K$\end{document} estimates. Our results suggest that \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$K$\end{document} can be reliably estimated when only MUAC and edema-based data are available. Additional studies, however, are required to confirm this finding in different settings.

Background Community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) has been widely adopted to treat childhood acute malnutrition (AM), but its effectiveness in program settings is often limited by implementation constraints, low screening coverage, and poor treatment uptake and adherence. This study addresses the problem of low screening coverage by testing the impact of distributing small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNSs) at monthly screenings held by community health volunteers (CHVs). Screening sessions included behavior change communication (BCC) on nutrition, health, and hygiene practices (both study arms) and SQ-LNSs (one study arm). Impact was assessed on AM screening and treatment coverage and on AM incidence and prevalence. Methods and findings A two-arm cluster-randomized controlled trial in 48 health center catchment areas in the Bla and San health districts in Mali was conducted from February 2015 to April 2017. In both arms, CHVs led monthly AM screenings in children 6–23 months of age and provided BCC to caregivers. The intervention arm also received a monthly supply of SQ-LNSs to stimulate caregivers’ participation and supplement children’s diet. We used two study designs: i) a repeated cross-sectional study (n = approximately 2,300) with baseline and endline surveys to examine impacts on AM screening and treatment coverage and prevalence (primary study outcomes) and ii) a longitudinal study of children enrolled at 6 months of age (n = 1,132) and followed monthly for 18 months to assess impact on AM screening and treatment coverage and incidence (primary study outcomes). All analyses were done by intent to treat. The intervention significantly increased AM screening coverage (cross-sectional study: +40 percentage points [pp], 95% confidence interval [CI]: 32, 49, p < 0.001; longitudinal study: +28 pp, 95% CI: 23, 33, p < 0.001). No impact on treatment coverage or AM prevalence was found. Children in the intervention arm, however, were 29% (95% CI: 8, 46; p = 0.017) less likely to develop a first AM episode (incidence) and, compared to children in comparison arm, their overall risk of AM (longitudinal prevalence) was 30% (95% CI: 12, 44; p = 0.002) lower. The intervention lowered CMAM enrollment by 10 pp (95% CI: 1.9, 18; p = 0.016), an unintended negative impact likely due to CHVs handing out preventive SQ-LNSs to caregivers of AM children instead of referring them to the CMAM program. Study limitations were i) the referral of AM cases by our research team (for ethical reasons) during monthly measurements in the longitudinal study might have interfered with usual CMAM activities and ii) the outcomes presented by child age also reflect seasonal variations because of the closed cohort design. Conclusions Incorporating SQ-LNSs into monthly community-level AM screenings and BCC sessions was highly effective at improving screening coverage and reducing AM incidence, but it did not improve AM prevalence or treatment coverage. Future evaluation and implementation research on CMAM should carefully assess and tackle the remaining barriers that prevent AM cases from being correctly diagnosed, referred, and adequately treated. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02323815., Lieven Huybregts and colleagues show reduced incidence of acute malnutrition in children in Mali when supplements are provided at monthly screening sessions., Author summary Why was this study done? Child acute malnutrition (AM) is a serious public health problem affecting 52 million children under the age of 5 years worldwide. Many low and middle-income countries have adopted the community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) to treat AM. CMAM is a treatment model endorsed by the World Health Organization that relies on community workers, often volunteers, to conduct first-line screening in the community and refer identified cases to a health facility to enroll in treatment. AM cases without medical complications are treated using energy-dense therapeutic supplements through an outpatient treatment program. The effectiveness of CMAM in the field is often limited because of key barriers, including the low proportion of caregivers taking their child to the screening sessions and low enrollment in CMAM treatment. What did the researchers do and find? The researchers randomly allocated 48 health center catchment areas in two health districts in Mali to an intervention arm or a comparison arm. In both study arms, community health volunteers organized monthly meetings at village level to screen children 6–23 months of age for AM and conducted group behavior change communication (BCC) on child nutrition, health, sanitation, and hygiene. The intervention arm received small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNSs) to incentivize caregivers to attend these monthly meetings and to increase the intake of energy and essential micronutrients in children. SQ-LNSs consist of a peanut-based spread fortified with vitamins and minerals. Researchers found that the intervention led to significantly more children being screened for AM (40 percentage points more than in the comparison arm) but that this result did not lead to more children being treated for AM. The intervention was effective in preventing AM, lowering the risk of developing AM by almost a third. What do these results mean? The SQ-LNSs provided a strong incentive for caregivers to attend the community-level monthly meetings and to get their children screened for AM. The lack of impact on AM treatment, despite the positive results on the percentage of children screened, suggests that there remain important barriers that prevent children who are screened and identified as suffering from AM from being referred, enrolled in the program, and treated. Providing SQ-LNSs to increase attendance at screening and BCC sessions offered at the community level is an important intervention to prevent child AM. However, more needs to be done to address the constraints that prevent AM children from receiving adequate referral and enrolling and completing CMAM treatment.

Background:Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is a diffuse clinical manifestation (3-5% of general population) RP is often secondary to autoimmune systemic diseases, while the condition is classified primary if no underlying disorders can be found. A lower body mass index (BMI) was associated with a greater risk of developing RP, perhaps due to greatest sensivity to cold temperaturesObjectives:The objective of our study was to evaluate the association of BMI with clinical and capillaroscopic features in primary and secondary RP.Methods:Consecutive patients at the first access to a Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic over a 13 months period were screened to RP; nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC)was carried out and qualitative and quantitative assessment was performed. Diagnosis of RP was defined in patients who identified color pictures of witnessed attacks.Patients enrolled were screened for secondary causes of RP. RP was classified as primary when no abnormalities were found. Weight and height were collected in clinical records and patients were divided in 3 groups according to their BMI: underweight (BMI25 kg/m2). Chi-square test to compare categorical variable and Parametric Student t-test to comparing mean values of normally distributed data were used. pResults:RP was diagnosticated in 100 of 1416 patients (7.06%). Of these, 73 (10 M, 63F) accepted to undergo NVC. An autoimmune disease was found in 35 patients (47.9%), of which 2 were underweight, 14 normal weight and 19 overweight. Of 38 patients with primary RP,3 were underweight, 23 normal weight and 12 overweight. BMI was significantly higher in secondary RP (p=0.03). Overweight patients with secondary RP were older (p=0.01), but with a disease duration not statistically significant longer (p=0.26). In secondary RP, avascular areas and neoangiogenesis were founded only in overweight patients. Moreover,in secondary RP overweight was correlated with decreased capillary density (p=0-04). There was not association between BMI and capillaroscopic abnormalities in primary RP.Conclusion:In our study BMI was correlated with microvascular changes only in patients with secondary RP. Our findings may suggests a role for obesity in the microcirculatory disfunction in the autoimmune diseases. Further studies are needed to generalize results and to find a causative role.References:[1]Lemmens HA. Vasa Suppl. 1987;18:10–4.[2]Le RoyEC,MedsgerTA.ClinExpRheumatol 1992;10;485-8[3]O Keeffe ST et al Journal Rheumat 1992:19:1415-7[4]Fraenkel L. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2002;4(2): 123–8.[5]MaundrellA et al NY:Spinger New York 2015 p 21-35[6]Giurgea G. etalArthritis Rheumatol Vol. 67, No. 1, January 2015, pp 238–242[7]A.Eman et al. Ab / Atherosclerosis 287 (2019) e123-288Disclosure of Interests:Rosella Tirri: None declared, Marco Barba: None declared, Ranieri Formica: None declared, Rosaria Irace: None declared, francesco ciccia Grant/research support from: pfizer, novartis, roche, Consultant of: pfizer, novartis, lilly, abbvie, Speakers bureau: pfizer, novartis, lilly, abbvie

International audience; A ruthenium nitrosyl complex of formula [RuII(terpy)(F2B)(NO)](PF6)3, where terpy stands for 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine and F2B for 4,4′-bis(9,9′-dibutyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-2,2′-bipyridine, is presented and fully characterized. The X-ray crystal structure of F2B is reported. The electronic properties of the complex are compared to those of related [RuII(terpy)(bpy)(NO)]3+ complexes having a bipyridine (bpy) free of fluorene or bearing a fluorene on the terpyridine ligand. DFT computations are provided to support the experimental data. [RuII(terpy)(F2B)(NO)](PF6)3 releases NO under irradiation at 405 nm with a quantum yield (ϕNO) equal to 0.033. Additionally, the two-photon absorption cross-section investigated at 800 nm by the Z-scan technics is equal to 156 ± 23 GM, which indicates that the complex can release NO under irradiation in the therapeutic window.

This paper presents method to reduce Mean Squared Error (MSE) produced by additive Gaussian noise and impulse noise, using Oversampled Filter Banks (OFB) and Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) coding. Two methods are used for the OFB design: Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) modulation and the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) modulation. The same lowpass prototype Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter is used in both approaches. The polyphase decomposition of the analysis and synthesis filters bank is performed to obtain more efficient structure. The input signal, in the transmitter, is splitted into subbands using the analysis filter bank and coded with LDPC coding. On the receiver side, the inverse process is performed. The proposed method is compared with the similar approaches from literature, using Matlab simulations.

The curing of a testicular tumour is currently feasible in more than 95% of patients, and in 80% of those with metastases. Until now, there has been no study or series of cases that describe the ocular changes of the posterior segment associated with testicular cancer.To evaluate patients with a diagnosis of testicular cancer in order to determine the presence of changes in the posterior segment and the relationship to the stage.An observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study was conducted on 21 male patients (42 eyes) with a diagnosis of testicular cancer. Age, histological type, time of evolution, stage, treatment, and comorbidities were recorded, as well as visual acuity measurement (LogMAR), biomicroscopy of the anterior segment, and photographic records of the posterior pole and peripheral retina.The mean age was 29 years (18-43 years). All (100%) of the patients were treated surgically. The most frequent histological type was classic seminoma (42.8%), followed by the mixed germinal tumour (38.0%). At the time of evaluation, 42.8% of patients had a stage II, and 23.8% had distant metastasis. The changes in the posterior segment were: vascular tortuosity (14.2%), retinopathy associated with cancer (9.5%), choroidal metastasis (9.5%), pigmentary changes of the retinal pigment epithelium (9.5%), and retinal metastasis (4.7%).It is possible to find changes at the level of retinal pigment epithelium, as well as vascular tortuosity, retinopathy associated with cancer, and choroidal and/or retina metastases.

This paper deals with traffic network modelization problem when plate scanning is going to be used for route flow estimation as well as for obtaining Origin-Destination matrix and traffic network assignment. With the aim of carrying out this modelization, we set out a methodology which has a global perspective of the network simplification. This methodology is based on the reduction of the number of routes reduction by cutting Origin-Destination pairs, which have not a relevant traffic demand. The simplification aforementioned has a more practical approach than traditional point of view, which is based on traffic zones and centroids use, and allow us for join it with scan devices location models. The proposed methodology makes possible to detect which links are affected by the simplification and the consequences in flows estimation because of it. All of these make possible to prioritize scan devices location and estimate network flows in a more trustworthy mood. We have used an example network based on Nguyen-Dupuis topology to explain every step of the developed methodology.

International audience; A ruthenium–nitrosyl derivative of formula [RuII(CzT)(bipy)(NO)](PF6)3 [CzT = 4′-(N-ethylcarbazol-3-yl)-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine, bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine] has been synthesized and fully characterized, and compared with the previously reported [RuII(FT)(bipy)(NO)](PF6)3 complex [FT = 4′-(9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine]. Additionally, the X-ray crystal structure of [RuII(CzT)(bipy)(NO2)](PF6), the precursor of [RuII(CzT)(bipy)(NO)](PF6)3, is reported. The presence of a tertiary amine in the carbazole unit leads to redshifted charge-transfer transitions towards the electron-withdrawing Ru–NO fragment and hence enhanced two-photon absorption (TPA) properties. In contrast, the quantum yield of the NO· photorelease process is lower for the carbazole-containing complex. The issue of optimization of the TPA versus NO·-release capabilities is addressed.

Chanos chanos (milkfish) locally known as Bangus is the main aquaculture product of the Philippines. The status of bangus production in Zamboanga City declined from 2012-2016. Diseases in C. chanos were known to be caused by parasites and have remained an issue to fish farming. Some of the parasites have been discovered to have zoonotic potential in mammalian hosts including man making them of public health importance. In this study, the identification, intensity, prevalence and biometric relations of endoparasites in C. chanos were determined. A total of 120 juvenile bangus were collected in the wetlands of Zamboanga City from July 2016 to August 2016. There were 4 endoparasites identified namely: Ichtyobodo sp., Trichodina sp., Acanthocephalans spp. and Diphyllobothrium latum. The most prevalent was Ichtyobodo sp. (40%) and the least prevalent was D. latum (1.66%). Ichtyobodo sp. has the highest mean intensity (4.39) found in the gills and D. latum has the lowest mean intensity (0.2) found in the intestine. Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient Analysis revealed a negative correlation between fish length and number of endoparasites (-0.17), fish weight and number of endoparasites (-0.27) and body height and the number of endoparasites (-0.31). However, there were high correlations between fish length and fish weight (0.78), fish length and fish height (0.61) and fish weight and fish height (0.73).

The purpose of the research was determination of strains Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans MFLv37 and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans MFLad27, isolated from aboriginal consortium of coal beneficiation dumps and fly ash from coal combustion, resistance to heavy metals, forming part of these waste, as well as adaption ability of the strains to new substrates. New strains increased resistance to heavy metal ions as compared to A. ferrooxidans standard and collection strains is found; minimal inhibitory concentrations of heavy and toxic metals are determined; a number of metals that have negative impact on growth of isolated cultures are identified. It is shown that the minimal metals concentrations, at which strains growth still happens, are several times higher than their concentrations in technogenic waste. It has been established that isolated strains differed in their ability to adapt, as well as in growth rate and substrates oxidation. This is due to the specific conditions of microbiocenoses formation in making and further storage of rock dumps and fly ash, whereof the appropriate strains are isolated. The investigations indicate the necessity in directional selection of strains that are resistant to the toxic compounds and are able to oxidize various mineral substrates, as well as in their adaptation to new substrates for the extraction of heavy metals.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms became available commercially about a decade ago. They provide highly efficient, rapid, and low-cost high-throughput and deep DNA sequencing. They are being continually improved to become faster, more efficient and cheaper and have been used in biology since 2004. Since 2008, NGS has been applied to plant pathogens, the causal agents of plant disease. These include the nematodes, fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids and phytoplasmas which have significant economic impacts on infected plants. The applications include pathogen genome sequencing, discovery and detection, ecology and epidemiology, replication and transcription. Identification and characterization of effectors of prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens and known and novel viruses and/or viroids are currently the most successful applications of NGS in plant pathology. It is expected that NGS will play a very significant role in many areas of plant pathology.

We report the case of a 67 year old male who presented with a nine year history of a gastric ulcer with symptoms of hematemesis and melena. Histological analysis identified fibrotic lesions and the accumulation of immunoglobulin G4-positive plasma cells with no evidence of malignancy. The lesion extended into the pancreas, where histological lesions and gastric lesions were also observed. This is a case of an ulcerated gastric ulcer and pseudo-tumor with pancreatic affection that is associated with immunoglobulin G4-related disease.

Resumen Introduccion Nos planteamos el problema: ?cual es el numero adecuado de facultativos en un servicio de anatomia patologica (SAP) para responder sin demora al numero de solicitudes de estudio que se reciben? Material y metodos Aplicamos conceptos basicos de teoria de colas y motivamos al lector a introducirse en ellos. Resultados y discusion Un SAP funciona como un sistema de colas y se ajusta a los modelos de cola infinita con uno (M/M/1) y, todavia mejor, con multiples recursos (M/M/m). El numero de facultativos (m) ha de cumplir: m >> velocidad de llegada de biopsias al SAP/velocidad de cierre de biopsias por facultativo. Conclusiones Como sistema de colas, un SAP solo es viable si su capacidad de respuesta es mayor que las necesidades planteadas por la demanda. El modelo de multiples recursos (facultativos) amortigua mejor los aumentos sostenidos de la demanda.

International audience; Ru-II(FT)(bipy)(NO)][PF6](3) [FT is the electron-rich 4'-(2-fluorenyl)-2,2': 6',2 ''-terpyridine ligand and bipy is 2,2'-bipyridine] is synthesized and characterized. It crystallizes in the triclinic P (1) over bar space group [a = 9.5362(2) angstrom, b = 10.3946(4) angstrom, c = 22.5701(8) angstrom, alpha = 94.7400(10)degrees, beta = 94.9400(10)angstrom, gamma = 101.0680(10)]. A photochemical study is presented in comparison with that of the parents cis(Cl, Cl)-[RuII(FT) Cl-2(NO)][PF6] and trans(Cl, Cl)-[RuII(FT) Cl-2(NO)][PF6]. The three derivatives release nitric oxide ((NO)-N-center dot) under irradiation at lambda = 405 nm with respective quantum yields of 0.06, 0.31, and 0.10. Their two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-sections (sTPA) were investigated by the Z-scan technique on related derivatives in which two hexyl chains were introduced to improve their solubility while their spectroscopic properties remained almost unaffected. The resulting sTPA values of 100 GM at. = 800 nm are in the window of transparency for human tissues, and the bipyridine-based complex exhibits a slight tendency for higher efficiency. The replacement of the [Ru-II(Cl)(2)(NO)] core by [Ru-II(bipy)(NO)] provides a much simpler synthesis, and the TPA-induced (NO)-N-center dot-release capabilities are in the same range of magnitude. Therefore, it is envisioned that (NO)-N-center dot donors of greater complexity with several metal centers could be investigated in future.

Over the past 20 years, there has been an increase in chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities (CINAC) not associated with traditional risk factors. This disease has become an important public health problem and is observed in several countries in Central America and Asia. CINAC predominantly affects young male farmers between the third and fifth decades of life with women, children, and adolescents less often affected. Clinically, CINAC behaves like a chronic tubulointerstitial nephropathy but with systemic manifestations not attributable to kidney disease. Kidney biopsy reveals chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis with variable glomerulosclerosis and mild chronic vascular damage, with the severity depending on sex, occupation, and CKD stage. The presence of toxicological, occupational, and environmental risk factors within these communities suggests a multifactorial etiology for CINAC. This may include exposure to agrochemicals, a contaminated environment, repeated episodes of dehydration with heat stress, and an underlying genetic predisposition. An understanding of these interacting factors using a multidisciplinary approach with international cooperation and the formulation of a comprehensive hypothesis are essential for the development of public health programs to prevent this devastating epidemic.