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Disconnections and distrust between the United States educational system and Black communities have existed for generations. Innovative approaches to dismantle this cyclical injustice are needed. For this reason, we sought to examine three tenets of Black othermothering; advocacy, relatedness, care and concern, and how they served as a bridge to engage Black students and families with educators through cultural brokering. Othermothering is critical to the pedagogy of Black teaching and contributed to the success of African American students prior to the 1954 ruling of Brown v. Board of Education. Following desegregation, Black students began performing disproportionately lower than their White counterparts. Additionally, 40,000 Black teachers and administrators lost their jobs and, to date, have not rebounded from this travesty in education (Farinde et al., 2016). While efforts are made to attract and retain qualified candidates who reflect the demographics of the student population, attention must be directed to ensure that ALL educators, regardless of cultural/racial match, are responsive and invested in optimal education delivery which includes increasing their relational capacity. To this end, white teachers in this study explained that othermothering improved their connection to Black students and families through advocacy, relatedness, and care and concern. Black parents/guardians equally expressed their desire for this essential support. These findings suggest the need for increased cultural representation within our schools, a greater understanding of the importance of holistic and equitable methods of inclusion for Black students and their families, and the need for Transformative school leaders to establish cultural connectedness in their school systems. This work focuses on fostering individual evolvement that collaboratively moves educators from a state of racialized submersion to a transcendent identity. Through this individual growth, schools can bridge connections with Black students and families. One strategy to innovatively strengthen this connection is through the inclusion of an othermother.

The formation of the so-calledhollow configurations, i.e. regions of low density, during the expansion of an excited nucleus is investigated. It is argued that these subnormal density regions are a direct consequence of the liquidlike behavior of compressed nuclear matter. To study this, the free isotropic expansion of an initially hot and dense sphere of nuclear matter is investigated using the hydrodynamic equations coupled to a simple, but realistic, equation of state. An approximate solution of these equations is obtained using a novel similarity method. The observed behavior of the radial nuclear density shows the appearance of subnormal density regions and matter shells early in the expansion. This result occurs for all values of interest of the nuclear compressibility but only for certain initial conditions of the velocity, thus confirming the possibility of creating hollow configurations during the break-up of nuclei as predicted by other numerical calculations.

We are engaged in establishing a bridge between fields where macroscopic liquid-drop collisions are important and heavy-ion reaction modeling, particulary with those theories in which the quantal effects can, somehow, be switched off, allowing a direct access to the bare liquid-drop aspects. Besides providing an interesting testing-ground for those sophysticated models, this represents the oportunity of applying them to fields like meteorology and spray research, where the theoretical situation is less developed. On the 10th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics, in 1994, we presented [1] the results of collision experiments using mercury drops with the hope of gaining the interest of theoretical nuclear dynamisists. As a result, a collaboration was indeed established which lead to the modification of a nuclear reaction code, developed by N. Cârjan, A. Sierk and R. Nix [2] allowing the simulation of macroscopic liquid-drop collisions. Here we like to make a brief review of what we have learned so far in this line of research. A subject which recently cought our attention was the predictions [3] of nuclear fluid-dynamic simulations concerning the posibility of multifragmentation mechanisms proceeding via the formation of exotic nuclear shapes (sheets, bubbles, donuts, etc.) Since similar predictions have also been reported for macroscopic systems [4] we are now experimenting with liquid-drops colliding at the relative velocities where those exotic shapes are expected [4] to appear. This presentation will also include the first results of that quest, including interesting video images.