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1. Intergenerational transmission of post-traumatic stress disorder in Australian Vietnam veterans’ families

Author: M. J. Burton, Brian I. O'Toole, Stanley V. Catts, Mark R. Dadds, Sue Outram, and Alice Rothwell
Subjects: Adult, Male, Parents, 050103 clinical psychology, medicine.medical_specialty, Offspring, behavioral disciplines and activities, Vietnam Conflict, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Child of Impaired Parents, Risk Factors, mental disorders, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Risk factor, Psychiatry, health care economics and organizations, Depression (differential diagnoses), Veterans, Combat Disorders, 05 social sciences, Alcohol dependence, Australia, Traumatic stress, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, humanities, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cohort, Female, Psychology, Clinical psychology
Abstract: To assess the association between parental post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and offspring PTSD and its specificity for other disorders in a non-clinical epidemiological cohort of Australian Vietnam veterans, their partners and their sons and daughters. Veterans were interviewed twice, in 1992-1994 and 2005-2006; partners were interviewed in 2006-2007, and their offspring in 2012-2014. A total of 125 sons and 168 daughters were interviewed from 197 families, 137 of which also included partners who were the mothers of the children. Statistical analysis used multi-level modelling to compute odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals while controlling for clustering effects within families. Parent PTSD diagnoses were examined for associations with offspring trauma exposure, PTSD and other psychiatric diagnoses. Veteran PTSD increased the risk of PTSD and no other disorder in both sons and daughters; partner PTSD did not. Veteran depression was also a risk factor for sons' PTSD, and alcohol disorder was linked to alcohol dependence in sons and PTSD in daughters, but not when controlling for veteran PTSD. We conclude that PTSD in a Vietnam veteran father increases the risk specifically for PTSD in his sons and daughters.
Published: 2016
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2. Design evolution through customer interaction with functional prototypes

Author: D.J. de Beer, G.J. Booysen, Diane E. Gyi, R.I. Campbell, M. J. Burton, M. Truscott, Richard J.M. Hague, L.J. Barnard, and Rebecca Cain
Subjects: Rapid prototyping, Engineering, Voice of the customer, Process management, Concurrent engineering, business.industry, Process (engineering), General Engineering, Customer interaction, Joint research, New product development, Systems engineering, business, Design evolution
Abstract: There can be a tendency, even within companies who practice concurrent engineering, to limit customer involvement to the initial and final stages of the new product development process only. This invites the possibility that the customers' opinions will be lost or at least diluted during the intermediate stages of the process. A joint research project involving Loughborough University and the Central University of Technology, Free State has provided evidence, through several case studies, that physical models created via rapid prototyping enable the customer to be involved throughout the development process. The benefits associated with using physical models are discussed, showing that these models have a unique role to play in promoting customer involvement. The authors propose the method termed Customer Interaction with Functional Prototypes, which has been implemented during several new product development projects carried out in both academic and industrial environments. At present, the Customer Inter...
Published: 2007
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3. The Cochrane Collaboration

Author: D G, Altman and M J, Burton
Subjects: Information Services, Evidence-Based Medicine, General Surgery, Organizations, Nonprofit, Humans, International Agencies, Surgery, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Abstract: The Cochrane Collaboration is an international organisation that aims to help people make well-informed decisions about health care by preparing, maintaining and ensuring the accessibility of systematic reviews of the benefits and risks of health care interventions. We describe the structure and activities of the Cochrane Collaboration, especially focusing on the carrying out of systematic reviews of randomised trials. We describe the place of surgery and surgeons within the Cochrane Collaboration.
Published: 1999
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4. SB-216641 and BRL-15572 – compounds to pharmacologically discriminate h5-HT1B and h5-HT1D receptors

Author: Claire Roberts, Derek N. Middlemiss, Manfred Göthert, M. J. Burton, B. J. Jones, L Collin, M. Duckworth, Laramie Mary Gaster, Gary W. Price, and Jeannette M. Watson
Subjects: Ketanserin, Receptor expression, Guinea Pigs, Gene Expression, CHO Cells, In Vitro Techniques, Biology, Piperazines, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cricetinae, SB-216641, Cyclic AMP, medicine, Enzyme-linked receptor, Animals, Humans, Receptor, Protease-activated receptor 2, G protein-coupled receptor, Pharmacology, Oxadiazoles, Biphenyl Compounds, General Medicine, Corpus Striatum, Recombinant Proteins, Metabotropic receptor, chemistry, Biochemistry, Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate), Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1D, Receptors, Serotonin, Benzamides, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B, Protein Binding, medicine.drug
Abstract: Despite only modest homology between h5-HT1B and h5-HT1D receptor amino acid sequences, these receptors display a remarkably similar pharmacology. To date there are few compounds which discriminate between these receptor subtypes and those with some degree of selectivity, such as ketanserin, have greater affinity for other 5-HT receptor subtypes. We now report on two compounds, SB-216641 (N-[3-(2-dimethylamino) ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl]-2'-methyl-4'-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-carboxamide) and BRL-15572 3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-1,1-diphenyl-2-propanol), which display high affinity and selectivity for h5-HT1B and h5-HT1D receptors, respectively. In receptor binding studies on human receptors expressed in CHO cells, SB-216641 has high affinity (pKi = 9.0) for h5-HT1B receptors and has 25-fold lower affinity at h5-HT1D receptors. In contrast, BRL-15572 has 60-fold higher affinity for h5-HT1D (pKi = 7.9) than 5-HT1B receptors. Similar affinities for these compounds were determined on native tissue 5-HT1B receptors in guinea-pig striatum. Functional activities of SB-216641 and BRL-15572 were measured in a [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay and in a cAMP accumulation assay on recombinant h5-HT1B and h5-HT1D receptors. Both compounds were partial agonists in these high receptor expression systems, with potencies and selectivities which correlated with their receptor binding affinities. In the cAMP accumulation assay, results from pK(B) measurements on the compounds again correlated with receptor binding affinities (SB-216641, pK(B) = 9.3 and 7.3; BRL-15572, pK(B) =6 and 7.1, for h5-HT1B and h5-HT1D receptors respectively). These compounds will be useful pharmacological agents to characterise 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptor mediated responses.
Published: 1997
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5. Measurement of the total photon proton cross section and its decomposition at 200 GeV centre of mass energy

Author: C. Cormack, G. G. Winter, C. Vallée, J. Martens, P. Steffen, R. D. Appuhn, F. Kole, K. Rüter, U. Stößlein, C. Niebuhr, J. H. Köhne, D. Zarbock, H. P. Wellisch, R. Nahnhauer, D. Goldner, Max Weber, E. Malinovski, E. Barrelet, David Cussans, P. Goritchev, B. Laforge, Y. Soloviev, T. Carli, M. Kuhlen, G. Grindhammer, Paul Newman, V. L. Hudgson, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, Karlheinz Meier, K. Rosenbauer, C. Wittek, G. Lindström, C. Gruber, Dusan Bruncko, K. Rybicki, D. Neyret, L. Büngener, H. Krehbiel, A. Pieuchot, T. Mavroidis, B. Naroska, F. Ferrarotto, M. Jaffre, J. E. Olsson, H. Genzel, A. Lebedev, M. Korn, S. Egli, Christoph Grab, G. Thompson, W. Bartel, I. Herynek, K. Daum, G. Knies, T. Greenshaw, P. Bispham, J. Haack, Stephen Maxfield, I. O. Skillicorn, H. B. Dreis, U. Bassler, M. Charlet, G. Buschhorn, G. Bertrand-Coremans, R. Starosta, D. Ozerov, D. Düllmann, Rosario Martín, R. J. Ellison, M. Rietz, D. Haidt, K. C. Hoeger, Murrough Landon, A. E. Wright, H. Itterbeck, Wolfgang Lange, P. Van Mechelen, B. Waugh, G. Weber, H. Henschel, F. W. Büsser, F. Zomer, U. Straumann, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, J. Stiewe, P. Van Esch, E. Evrard, Eram Rizvi, L. Del Buono, L. Criegee, Grzegorz Nowak, W. Braunschweig, C. Jacobsson, A. Gellrich, V. Riech, F. Sefkow, J. P. Sutton, Claus Kleinwort, V. Andreev, G. Heinzelmann, D. Kant, Kerstin Borras, A. Semenov, M. Fleischer, P. Ribarics, T. Jansen, R. Felst, J. Formánek, A. B. Clegg, Andrew Mehta, S. Schiek, S. Tapprogge, H. Spitzer, Armen Vartapetian, M. Hapke, R. Sell, Benno List, J. Gayler, I. R. Kenyon, S. Kazarian, G. Villet, Barbara Clerbaux, R. Kaschowitz, Pierre Marage, E. Mroczko, M. Gebauer, B. Delcourt, D. Vandenplas, H. Küster, F. Brasse, V. Korbel, W.D. Dau, D. Lüke, A. Wegner, N. Gogitidze, H. Rick, J. B. Dainton, U. Siewert, F. Lamarche, A. Rostovtsev, A. Droutskoi, G. Rädel, C. Leverenz, J. Garvey, O. Hamon, S. Levonian, J. Zsembery, J. M. Link, E. Panaro, J. Kurzhöfer, H. Ehrlichmann, E. Wünsch, V. Solochenko, M. Zimmer, A. M. Fomenko, J. D. Dowell, Dave Sankey, M. Wagener, Roland Horisberger, A. Valkárová, U. Kathage, Vincent Boudry, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, A. Meyer, Ph. Huet, V. Brisson, Yves Sirois, Jean-Francois Laporte, V. Nagovizin, G. D. Patel, P. Loch, S. Riess, Ch. Pichler, K. Gabathuler, A. Buniatian, Jean-Arcady Meyer, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, R. Gerhards, M. J. Burton, J. Lipinski, R. Bernet, K. Flamm, G. Franke, Yong Ban, N. Magnussen, K. Johannsen, P. Verrecchia, J. Žáček, A. Courau, Christophe Royon, J. Feltesse, S. Eichenberger, G. Martin, David Schmidt, J. Bähr, S. Spielman, T. Köhler, M. W. Krasny, V. Schröder, S. Schleif, K. H. Hiller, R. C. W. Henderson, N. Sahlmann, H. H. Kaufmann, Eckhard Elsen, Wolfram Erdmann, E. Schuhmann, Winston Ko, S. Aid, P. I. P. Kalmus, J. V. Morris, G. Schmidt, C. Pascaud, V. Efremenko, P. Hill, F. Linsel, P.-O. Meyer, G. W. Noyes, Martin Erdmann, U. Obrock, Zhen Zhang, Guenter Eckerlin, André Schöning, S. Mani, A. Walther, P. Biddulph, Hermann Kolanoski, D. Clarke, H. E. Roloff, M. Forbush, S. Mikocki, J. Bán, J. Tutas, F. Niebergall, J. D. Burger, H. P. Beck, Stephen Burke, A. Braemer, D. Mercer, M. A. Jabiol, W. Zimmermann, Gianfranco Sciacca, J. Riedlberger, H. Hufnagel, J. W. Lomas, I. Sheviakov, D. Newton, V. Lubimov, R. Prosi, J. Ebert, S. Masson, Leif J. Jönsson, John A Coughlan, A. Usik, K. Stolze, M. Höppner, C. A. Meyer, S. Prell, P. Dixon, H. Lohmander, P. Lanius, A. Gruber, R. Buchholz, L. N. Shtarkov, U. Krüger, A. Migliori, Horst Oberlack, Markus Seidel, A. Glazov, V. Tchernyshov, G. Siegmon, H. U. Martyn, Matthias Klein, David Milstead, P. A. Smirnov, Ch. Ley, A. Panitch, C.D. Hilton, J.G. Contreras, Daniel Johnson, R. Beyer, S. Dagoret, P. Palmen, L. Goerlich, F. Moreau, J. Hladký, F. Lehner, J. Theissen, J. Duboc, B. Stella, D. Feeken, A. Jacholkowska, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, M. Arpagaus, S. D. Kolya, M. Oakden, R. Marshall, Dirk Krücker, R. Roosen, J. Ferencei, V I. Shekelyan, A. Wagener, S. Reinshagen, J. Martyniak, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, J. Spiekermann, R. L. Lander, Daniel Pitzl, Frank Raupach, S. M. Robertson, N. Wulff, B. Fominykh, P. Kasselmann, F. Charles, J. Katzy, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, R.K. Griffiths, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, U. Krüner-Marquis, G. Müller, M. F. Hess, Emmanuelle Perez, G. Lobo, P. Kostka, J. M. Foster, S. Bourov, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, J. Turnau, K. Zuber, Eckhart Fretwurst, M. Steenbock, S. K. Kotelnikov, L. Hajduk, B. Andrieu, H. Meyer, S. Kermiche, W. Hildesheim, J. Cvach, Ch. Niedzballa, P. Di Nezza, Peter Robmann, S. Willard, M. Winde, P. Uelkes, Didier Lacour, M. Hütte, L. Johnson, G. Pope, Steve McMahon, P. Baranov, O. Dünger, F. Botterweck, Peter Schleper, T. Krämerkämper, R. Maraček, W. von Schlippe, Marc Besancon, A.S. Belousov, Sergey Rusakov, T. Merz, P. Truöl, H. Pawletta, R. Nisius, J. R. Smith, E. Eisenhandler, Th. Naumann, H. Duhm, E. Gabathuler, M. David, C.L. Davis, M. Flieser, J. Stier, J. Marks, Y. Vazdik, L.R. West, M. Nyberg-Werther, T. R. Ebert, A. Fedotov, Günter Flügge, T. P. Yiou, M. zurNedden, C. Kiesling, A. De Roeck, A. J. Campbell, T. Kurča, J. Janoth, Volker Blobel, R. Eichler, G. Cozzika, F. Eisele, C. Keuker, J.P. Phillips, Klaus Rabbertz, Stefan Valkar, Hannes Jung, Alexander Zhokin, B. Schwab, Pavel Murin, H. Grässler, M. Ibbotson, R. Barschke, Laurent Favart, C. Dollfus, F. Rouse, Ulrich Goerlach, T. C. Nicholls, Peter Schacht, G. C. Lopez, Gregorio Bernardi, Anton Babaev, C. Thiebaux, J. Strachota, and P. E. Reimer
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Elastic scattering, Particle physics, Cross section (physics), Photon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Proton, Detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Center of mass, HERA, Dissociation (chemistry)
Abstract: We present a new measurement of the total photoproduction cross section performed with the H1 detector at HERA. For an average centre of mass energy of 200 GeV a value of σtotλp=165±2±11µb has been obtained. A detailed analysis of the data in adequate kinematic regions enabled a decomposition of the total cross section in its elastic, single diffractive dissociation and remaining non-diffractive parts, based on safe assumptions on the double diffractive dissociation contribution.
Published: 1995
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6. Thrombospondin receptor expression in human neutrophils coincides with the release of a subpopulation of specific granules

Author: M J Burton, Sally Jo Stoehr, and S J Suchard
Subjects: CD36 Antigens, 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid, Cytochalasin B, Neutrophils, Receptor expression, Molecular Sequence Data, 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid, Receptors, Cytoadhesin, Biology, Granulocyte, Cytoplasmic Granules, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Azurophilic granule, medicine, Humans, Cytochalasin, Amino Acid Sequence, Receptor, Molecular Biology, Peroxidase, Transcobalamins, hemic and immune systems, Cell Biology, Catalase, Cell biology, N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Specific granule, DIDS, Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate, Research Article
Abstract: The extracellular matrix (ECM) protein thrombospondin (TSP) binds specifically to polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) surface receptors and promotes cell adhesion and motility. TSP receptor expression increases 30-fold after activation with the synthetic chemotactic peptide, N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (FMLP) or the Ca2+ ionophore A23187, in combination with cytochalasin B. The expression of TSP receptors was correlated with the exocytosis of both specific and azurophil granules. Newly expressed TSP receptors are not derived from easily mobilized specific granules since agents that trigger some specific granule release [phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), FMLP or ionophore A23187 alone] do not increase TSP receptor expression. In this study we used the anion-channel blocker, 4,4′-di-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulphonic acid (DIDS) to investigate the source of these newly expressed receptors. When PMNs were exposed to cytochalasin B and FMLP or to cytochalasin B and ionophore A23187 in the presence of 30-100 microM-DIDS, TSP receptor expression increased coincidently with vitamin B12-binding protein release from specific granules. Under these same conditions, the release of the azurophil granule component, myeloperoxidase, was significantly inhibited. Using agonists that cause release of specific granules, or both specific granules and azurophil granules, we determined that DIDS blocked the release of PMA-mobilized specific granules and cytochalasin B plus FMLP- or cytochalasin B plus ionophore A23187-mobilized myeloperoxidase-containing azurophil granules but not specific granules mobilized by cytochalasin B plus FMLP or cytochalasin B plus ionophore A23187. These results suggested that PMNs contain at least two subpopulations of specific granules: one that is easily mobilized, lacks TSP receptors and is inhibitable by DIDS, and one that is difficult to mobilize, contains a large pool of TSP receptors and the release of which is enhanced in the presence of DIDS.
Published: 1992
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7. Human neutrophil adherence to thrombospondin occurs through a CD11/CD18-independent mechanism

Author: S J Suchard, M J Burton, V M Dixit, and L A Boxer
Subjects: Immunology, Immunology and Allergy
Abstract: Thrombospondin (TSP), a 450-kDa trimeric glycoprotein secreted by platelets and endothelial cells at sites of tissue injury or inflammation, may play an important role in polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) adherence to blood vessel walls before diapedesis. We have examined the adherence of PMN to TSP and compared it to adherence to other extracellular matrix proteins. PMN adherence to TSP-coated plastic was complete by 60 min with spreading completed by 2 h. The kinetics of adhesion and spreading on TSP were similar to that of vitronectin (VN), laminin (LN), and fibronectin (FN). Activation of PMN with the calcium ionophore A23187 or the chemotactic peptide FMLP increased PMN adherence to LN and FN, but not to TSP or VN, suggesting that PMN activation may differentially regulate expression of TSP and VN receptors as compared to LN and FN receptors. The specificity of PMN adherence to TSP was confirmed by competition with saturating amounts of TSP and inhibition with anti-TSP antibodies. mAb A6.1, which binds to the protease-resistant core of TSP, was the most effective in blocking PMN adherence to TSP. Using TSP proteolytic fragments, we demonstrated that the primary interaction of PMN with TSP was mediated through the 140-kDa COOH-terminal domain. Inasmuch as the 140-kDa fragment of TSP contains an Arg-Gly-Asp sequence similar to the cell recognition site of FN and VN, we determined whether RGDS peptides would inhibit PMN adhesion. RGDS did not significantly inhibit PMN adhesion to TSP, VN, or LN, but reduced PMN adhesion to FN by 50%. To determine if PMN adhesion to TSP was mediated by a beta 2 integrin receptor such as LFA-1, MO-1, or p150,95, we performed adhesion assays using PMN isolated from patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency that lack beta 2 receptors. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency PMN exhibited normal adherence to TSP. In contrast, adherence to VN, LN, and FN was reduced by 95%. Therefore, adherence to TSP is probably not mediated by a beta 2 integrin receptor. These data contribute to the accumulating evidence that PMN can interact with extracellular matrix proteins through a CD11/CD18-independent process.
Published: 1991
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8. Evidence review and ENT-UK consensus report for the use of aminoglycoside-containing ear drops in the presence of an open middle ear

Author: J S, Phillips, M W, Yung, M J, Burton, and I R C, Swan
Subjects: Otolaryngology, Aminoglycosides, Consensus, Tympanic Membrane Perforation, Administration, Topical, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Humans, Societies, Medical, United Kingdom
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES OF REVIEW: The use of aminoglycoside drops in the presence of a perforation/grommet is still a common practice amongst the UK ENT community, in spite of theoretical risk of ototoxicity. Mindful of the need to produce clinical guidelines based on the best available evidence, it was the intention of the Clinical Audit and Practice Advisory Group of the British Association of Otolaryngologists - Head and Neck Surgeons (ENT-UK) to produce evidence-based guidelines. In the absence of good evidence, intentions were shifted towards producing consensus guidelines using validated methodology.Literature review, review of international guidelines and consensus guidelines.A MEDLINE literature search (1966 to August 2006) was conducted, using the following strategies: 'ototoxicity and drops', 'ototoxic and drops', 'vestibulotoxicity and drops', 'vestibulotoxic and drops', 'cochleotoxicity and drops', 'cochleotoxic and drops'. Foreign language articles were not excluded. RESULTS OF THE LITERATURE REVIEW: The inclusion of foreign language articles and manually searching the reference sections of identified articles revealed further evidence not considered in previous reviews on this subject. However, the available 'evidence' that does exist remains to be of poor quality, consisting of data from a number of case reports and small case series. Prospective studies into the ototoxic effects of aminoglycoside ear drops either support their use but lack power to statistically confirm this, or are performed in conditions that are not representative of normal clinical conditions.In the light of issues raised from the literature review, a questionnaire was produced. The questionnaire was initially completed by council members of the British Society of Otology, then revised and presented at a meeting of the British Society of Otology, where a consensus panel was formed.ENT-UK recommends that when treating a patient with a discharging ear, in whom there is a perforation or patent grommet: if a topical aminoglycoside is used, this should only be in the presence of obvious infection. Topical aminoglycosides should be used for no longer than 2 weeks. The justification for using topical aminoglycosides should be explained to the patient. Baseline audiometry should be performed, if possible or practical, before treatment with topical aminoglycosides.
Published: 2007

9. Interventions for recurrent idiopathic epistaxis (nosebleeds) in children

Author: M J, Burton and C J, Dorée
Subjects: Adolescent, Emollients, Petrolatum, Chlorhexidine, Infant, Neomycin, Drug Combinations, Epistaxis, Recurrence, Child, Preschool, Humans, Child, Administration, Intranasal, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Abstract: Recurrent idiopathic epistaxis (nosebleeds) in children is repeated nasal bleeding in patients up to the age of 16 for which no specific cause has been identified. Although nosebleeds are very common in children, and most cases are self-limiting or settle with simple measures (such as pinching the nose), more severe recurrent cases can require treatment from a healthcare professional. However, there is no consensus on the effectiveness of the different clinical interventions currently used in managing this condition.To assess the effects of different interventions for the management of recurrent idiopathic epistaxis in children.We searched the Cochrane ENT Group Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library Issue 3, 2003), MEDLINE (January 1966 to August 2003), EMBASE (January 1980 to August 2003), CINAHL (January 1982 to August 2003), and reference lists of relevant articles.We identified all randomised controlled trials (with or without blinding) in which any surgical or medical intervention for the treatment of recurrent idiopathic epistaxis in children was evaluated in comparison with either no treatment, a placebo, or another intervention, and in which the frequency and severity of episodes of nasal bleeding following treatment was stated or calculable. The full text articles of all the retrieved trials of possible relevance were reviewed by the two reviewers and the inclusion criteria applied independently.Trials were graded for methodological quality using the Cochrane approach. Data extraction was performed in a standardised manner by one reviewer and rechecked by the other, and where necessary investigators were contacted to obtain missing information. A meta-analysis was not undertaken because of the heterogeneity of the treatments, procedures and quality of the included trials. A narrative overview of the results is therefore presented.Three studies - two randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and one controlled clinical trial (CCT) - involving 256 participants satisfied the inclusion criteria. One RCT compared Naseptin antiseptic cream with no treatment, the second RCT compared Vaseline(R) petroleum jelly with no treatment, and the CCT compared Naseptin antiseptic cream with silver nitrate cautery. Overall, results were inconclusive, with no statistically significant difference found between the compared treatments. No serious adverse effects were reported from any of the interventions, although children receiving silver nitrate cautery reported that it was a painful experience (despite the use of local anaesthetic).The optimal management of children with recurrent idiopathic epistaxis is unknown. High quality randomised controlled trials comparing interventions either with placebo or no treatment, and with a follow-up period of at least a year, are needed to assess the relative merits of the various treatments currently in use.
Published: 2004

10. Ear drops for the removal of ear wax

Author: M J, Burton and C J, Dorée
Subjects: Chlorobutanol, Glycerol, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Cerumen, Carbamide Peroxide, Salicylates, Peroxides, Drug Combinations, Glycols, Sodium Bicarbonate, Ethanolamines, Humans, Plant Oils, Urea, Peptides, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Abstract: Problems attributed to the accumulation of wax (cerumen) are one of the most common reasons for people to present to their general practitioners with ear trouble (Sharp 1990). Treatment for this condition often involves use of a wax softening agent (cerumenolytic) in order to disperse the cerumen and reduce the need for syringing, or to facilitate syringing should it prove necessary, but there is no consensus on the effectiveness of the wide variety of cerumenolytics in use.To assess the effectiveness of ear drops (cerumenolytics) for the removal of symptomatic ear wax.We searched the Cochrane ENT Group Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, Issue 1, 2003), and MEDLINE and EMBASE up to March 2003. Reference lists of all trials were also manually searched.We identified all randomised controlled trials (with or without blinding) in which a cerumenolytic was evaluated in comparison with either no treatment, a placebo, or other cerumenolytics in participants with hard or impacted ear wax, and in which the proportion of participants with sufficient clearance of the external canal to make further mechanical clearance unnecessary (primary outcome measure) was stated or calculable. The full text articles of all the retrieved trials of possible relevance were reviewed by the two reviewers and the inclusion criteria applied independently. Any differences in opinion about which studies to include in the review were resolved by discussion.Trials were graded for methodological quality using the Cochrane approach. Data extraction was performed in a standardised manner by one reviewer and rechecked by the other reviewer, and where necessary investigators were contacted to obtain missing information. Meta-analysis was neither possible nor considered appropriate because of the heterogeneity of the treatments, treatment amounts and durations, trial procedures, and scoring systems. A narrative overview of the results is therefore presented.Eight trials satisfied the inclusion criteria, the majority of which were of poor quality. In all, 587 participants received one of nine different cerumenolytics. One trial compared active treatments with no treatment, two trials compared active treatments with water or a saline 'placebo', and all eight trials placed two or more active treatments in head-to-head comparisons. Seven trials included syringing as a secondary treatment where necessary.Overall, results were inconclusive. One trial found a significant difference between one of three active agents (Cerumol) in comparison to no treatment, but no statistically significant difference was found between these three agents (sodium bicarbonate ear drops; Cerumol; sterile water). In two trials no statistical difference was found between the effectiveness of either sodium bicarbonate ear drops, Cerumol, Cerumenex or Colace versus a sterile water or saline 'placebo'. Three trials (from the same source) found statistically significant differences in favour of the same active agent (Exterol) in comparison to glycerol and Cerumol. Three trials found no statistically significant difference between two or more cerumenolytics (Otocerol versus Cerumol; Audax versus Earex; sodium bicarbonate ear drops versus Cerumol). Two trials comparing the same two cerumenolytics (Cerumenex versus Colace) also failed to show any significant benefit of one over the other. No serious adverse effects were reported from any of the interventions.Trials to date have been heterogeneous and of poor quality, making it difficult to offer any definitive recommendations on the effectiveness of cerumenolytics for the removal of symptomatic ear wax. Future trials should be of high methodological quality, have large sample sizes, and compare both oil-based and water-based solvents with placebo and/or no treatment.
Published: 2003

11. Quality issues in otorhinolaryngology: Part I

Author: G G, Browning and M J, Burton
Subjects: Otolaryngology, Quality Assurance, Health Care, Education, Medical, Graduate, Humans, Education, Medical, Continuing, Clinical Competence, State Medicine, United Kingdom
Published: 2001

12. Tonsillectomy versus non-surgical treatment for chronic / recurrent acute tonsillitis

Author: M J, Burton, B, Towler, and P, Glasziou
Subjects: Tonsillitis, Recurrence, Acute Disease, Chronic Disease, Humans, Tonsillectomy
Abstract: Surgical removal of the tonsils (tonsillectomy) is a common but controversial ENT operation.To determine the effect of tonsillectomy in patients with chronic/recurrent acute tonsillitis.Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Medline, Embase, bibliographies.Randomised controlled trials comparing tonsillectomy with non-surgical treatment in adults and children with chronic/recurrent acute tonsillitis. Trials which included reduction in the number and severity of tonsillitis and sore throat as main outcome measures.Two authors applied the inclusion/exclusion criteria independently.No trials evaluating the effectiveness of tonsillectomy in adults were identified. Two trials from Pittsburgh assessed tonsillectomy in children. Significant baseline differences between the surgical and non-surgical groups and the inclusion of children who also underwent adenoidectomy prevent firm conclusions being drawn from the fully published trial. Limited and insufficient information is available from the second study; further details are awaited.The effectiveness of tonsillectomy has not been formally evaluated. Further trials addressing relevant outcome measure are required.
Published: 2000

13. Dealing with a dizzy patient

Author: M J, Burton
Subjects: Humans, Medical History Taking, Dizziness, Physical Examination
Published: 1999

14. SB-224289--a novel selective (human) 5-HT1B receptor antagonist with negative intrinsic activity

Author: J V, Selkirk, C, Scott, M, Ho, M J, Burton, J, Watson, L M, Gaster, L, Collin, B J, Jones, D N, Middlemiss, and G W, Price
Subjects: Serotonin, CHO Cells, Sulfur Radioisotopes, Recombinant Proteins, Radioligand Assay, Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate), Cricetinae, Receptors, Serotonin, Papers, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B, Animals, Humans, Spiro Compounds, Serotonin Antagonists, Piperidones, HeLa Cells
Abstract: 1. Human 5-HT1B (h5-HT1B) and human 5-HT1D (h5-HT1D) receptors show remarkably similar pharmacology with few compounds discriminating the receptors. We report here on a novel compound, SB-224289 (1'-Methyl-5-[[2'-methyl-4'-(5-methyl- 1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]carbonyl]-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro spiro [furo [2,3-f]indole-3,4'-piperidine] oxalate), which has high affinity for h5-HT1B receptors (pK1=8.16+/-0.06) and displays over 75 fold selectivity for the h5-HT1B receptor over all other 5-HT receptors including the h5-HT1D receptor and all other receptors tested thus far. 2. Functional activity of SB-224289 was measured in a [15S]GTPgammaS binding assay on recombinant h5-HT1B and h5-HT1D receptors expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. SB-224289 displayed negative intrinsic activity at both receptors with higher potency at h5-HT1B receptors. SB-224289 caused a rightward shift of agonist concentration response curves consistent with competitive antagonism and generated affinities comparable with those obtained from competition radioligand receptor binding studies. 3. SB-224289 potentiated [3H]5-HT release from electrically stimulated guinea-pig cerebral cortical slices to the same extent as as the non-selective 5-HT1 antagonist methiothepin. SB-224289 also fully reversed the inhibitory effect of exogenously superfused 5-HT on electrically stimulated release. 4. Using SB-224289 as a tool compound, we confirm that in guinea-pig cerebral cortex the terminal 5-HT autoreceptor is of the 5-HT1B subtype.
Published: 1998

15. Pediatric Otolaryngology

Author: M. J BURTON
Subjects: Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Book Review
Published: 1997

16. Titanium-anchored prostheses in otology

Author: M J, Burton, J K, Niparko, C B, Johansson, and A, Tjellström
Subjects: Titanium, Hearing Aids, Osseointegration, Humans, Equipment Design, Prostheses and Implants, Ear, External, Prosthesis Design, Bone Conduction, Forecasting
Abstract: In the late 1970s, Per-Ingvar Branemark and coworkers in Goteberg, Sweden, successfully introduced osseointegrated titanium implants into clinical practice. They had achieved the previously elusive goal of producing stable, secure percutaneous implants anchored in underlying cortical bone. Two applications of these implants to otology were obvious: (1) to provide a coupling for bone-conduction hearing aids and (2) to provide fixation points for anchoring of auricular prostheses. Before describing the current state of these clinical applications and considering future potential uses, the authors review the basis for titanium osseointegration.
Published: 1996

17. Characteristic frequency mapping in subjects using the Nucleus 22-channel cochlear implant system with partial and full insertion

Author: J A, Eyles, P J, Boyle, and M J, Burton
Subjects: Adult, Cochlear Implants, Speech Perception, Humans, Electrodes, Implanted
Published: 1995

18. Leptoquarks and Compositeness Scales from a Contact Interaction Analysis of Deep Inelastic $e^\pm \, p$ Scattering at HERA

Author: J. Feltesse, S. Levonian, M. Wagener, M. Korn, K. Flamm, J. Žáček, R. Buchholz, R. M. Martin, David Milstead, G. Weber, U. Straumann, A. Meyer, P. A. Smirnov, Steve McMahon, P. I. P. Kalmus, J. Riedlberger, S. Mani, H. P. Beck, A. Braemer, V. Korbel, J. Martens, Th. Naumann, K. Rosenbauer, Stephen Burke, Gianfranco Sciacca, Murrough Landon, Armen Vartapetian, M. Oakden, H. Duhm, J. V. Morris, G. Schmidt, J. Janoth, A. E. Wright, F. Kole, Dusan Bruncko, U. Stößlein, F. Linsel, J. Heatherington, J. Garvey, F. Zomer, D. Newton, S. M. Robertson, P. Lanius, Markus Seidel, A. Glazov, V. Tchernyshov, E. Gabathuler, B. Naroska, F. Ferrarotto, Daniel Pitzl, A. Rostovtsev, H. Meyer, S. Kermiche, K. Gabathuler, A. Buniatian, L. Del Buono, A. M. Fomenko, H. Genzel, Volker Blobel, V. Andreev, G. Thompson, V.L. Hudgson, V. Lubimov, Stephen Maxfield, K. C. Hoeger, T.C. Nicholls, M. Hütte, S. K. Kotelnikov, A. Droutskoi, C. Keuker, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, M. Forbush, T. Greenshaw, L. Hajduk, M. J. Burton, J.P. Phillips, M. David, Klaus Rabbertz, V. Riech, S. Reinshagen, S. Tapprogge, H. Ehrlichmann, D. Düllmann, L. R. West, W.D. Dau, J. B. Dainton, R. Maraček, L. N. Shtarkov, Benno List, Didier Lacour, G. Pope, H. Itterbeck, W. von Schlippe, J. Stiewe, P. Van Mechelen, H. Henschel, S. Spielman, A. B. Clegg, R. Rylko, Andrew Mehta, Yves Sirois, I. R. Kenyon, T. Köhler, M. W. Krasny, S. Eichenberger, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, A. Panitch, T. Merz, M. Hapke, F. Lehner, D. Lüke, H. Spitzer, Christophe Royon, Paul Richard Newman, Grzegorz Nowak, C. Jacobsson, P. Van Esch, M. Arpagaus, E. Wünsch, V. Efremenko, Dave Sankey, Claus Kleinwort, Barbara Clerbaux, G. Villet, Pierre Marage, J. Lipinski, J. Bähr, Winston Ko, P. Baranov, G. Franke, N. Gogitidze, C. Pascaud, Peter Schleper, E. Evrard, K. Rüter, C. Niebuhr, W. Hildesheim, A. Courau, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, T. Krämerkämper, Jean-Arcady Meyer, C. A. Meyer, G. D. Patel, Guenter Eckerlin, André Schöning, M. Flieser, R. Gerhards, S. Mikocki, S. Willard, Marc Besancon, D. Goldner, J. Stier, Y. Soloviev, J. W. Lomas, A. Gruber, A. Migliori, G. Martin, I. Sheviakov, J. M. Link, Peter Schacht, G. C. Lopez, A.S. Belousov, Sergey Rusakov, David Schmidt, B. Delcourt, J. Marks, Y. Vazdik, P. Truöl, U. Krüger, Daniel Johnson, R. Nisius, A. Gellrich, R. Roosen, P. E. Reimer, C. Cormack, C. Leverenz, G. Bertrand-Coremans, K. Daum, M. Winde, A. Lebedev, S. Egli, Gregorio Bernardi, V. Boudry, P. Goritchev, P. Uelkes, J. Martyniak, L. Johnson, S. Dagoret, F. Lamarche, O. Hamon, L. Goerlich, M. Rietz, D. Haidt, Anton Babaev, G. G. Winter, M. Nyberg-Werther, B. Fominykh, M. Charlet, P. Loch, K. Rybicki, L. Criegee, C. Thiebaux, J. Ebert, J. Spiekermann, V. Solochenko, U. Kathage, R. Starosta, G. Cozzika, J. Strachota, T. R. Ebert, R. Bernet, Christoph Grab, H. E. Roloff, F. Eisele, V. Brisson, Yong Ban, N. Magnussen, J. Ferencei, V I. Shekelyan, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, Wolfram Erdmann, Eram Rizvi, G. Heinzelmann, M. Fleischer, Emmanuelle Perez, G. Lobo, J. Formánek, Stefan Valkar, E. Mroczko, M. Gebauer, F. Sefkow, J. R. Smith, E. Eisenhandler, P. Verrecchia, P. Steffen, Ch. Ley, A. Fedotov, Günter Flügge, T. P. Yiou, M. zurNedden, N. Sahlmann, E. Schuhmann, Eckhart Fretwurst, H. Küster, Hannes Jung, D. Neyret, T. Mavroidis, D. Vandenplas, Alexander Zhokin, Leif J. Jönsson, Hermann Kolanoski, D. Clarke, John A Coughlan, G. Knies, Horst Oberlack, A. Wagener, S. Schiek, P. Biddulph, V. Schröder, R. Nahnhauer, E. Barrelet, David Cussans, C. Kiesling, A. De Roeck, A. J. Campbell, B. Schwab, Pavel Murin, H. Grässler, M. Ibbotson, H. Lohmander, A. Wegner, M. A. Jabiol, H. H. Kaufmann, Eckhard Elsen, J. Duboc, B. Stella, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, Karlheinz Meier, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, P. Bispham, T. Kurča, D. Zarbock, H. P. Wellisch, U. Bassler, Martin Erdmann, C. Wittek, L. Büngener, H. Hufnagel, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, J. M. Foster, Max Weber, D. Feeken, E. Panaro, J. Kurzhöfer, V. Nagovizin, I. Herynek, S. Aid, R. Barschke, U. Obrock, C.D. Hilton, J.G. Contreras, P. Ribarics, R. Felst, K. Zuber, R. Eichler, J. Haack, Laurent Favart, T. Carli, G. W. Noyes, J. Cvach, Ch. Niedzballa, C. Dollfus, G. Müller, F. Niebergall, I. O. Skillicorn, H. B. Dreis, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, F. Rouse, D. Mercer, Ulrich Goerlach, R. Marshall, S. Masson, Dirk Krücker, H. Krehbiel, Zhen Zhang, G. Buschhorn, D. Ozerov, H. U. Martyn, Matthias Klein, A. Usik, M. Jaffre, J. E. Olsson, W. Bartel, A. Walther, F. W. Büsser, W. Zimmermann, W. Braunschweig, R. Sell, S. Kazarian, U. Siewert, U. Krüner-Marquis, M. Zimmer, Jean-Francois Laporte, Frank Raupach, N. Wulff, P. Kasselmann, K. H. Hiller, R. C. W. Henderson, J. Tutas, J. D. Burger, R. Prosi, C. Vallée, M. Höppner, K. Stolze, S. Prell, R. D. Appuhn, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, G. Siegmon, R. L. Lander, R. Kaschowitz, J. H. Köhne, Roland Horisberger, A. Valkárová, R. Beyer, S. Riess, F. Moreau, J. Hladký, J. D. Dowell, G. Lindström, C. Gruber, E. Malinovski, M. Kuhlen, A. Jacholkowska, P. Hill, J. Bán, G. Grindhammer, S. D. Kolya, D. Kant, Kerstin Borras, A. Semenov, F. Brasse, T. Jansen, F. Charles, J. Katzy, H. Rick, G. Rädel, M. F. Hess, P. Kostka, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, R. J. Ellison, Ph. Huet, J. Turnau, Ch. Pichler, S. Schleif, M. Steenbock, J. P. Sutton, P. Di Nezza, B. Andrieu, Wolfgang Lange, J. Gayler, Peter Robmann, O. Dünger, and F. Botterweck
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Scattering, Physics beyond the Standard Model, Hadron, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Form factor (quantum field theory), FOS: Physical sciences, HERA, Standard Model, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Lepton
Abstract: A contact interaction analysis is presented to search for new phenomena beyond the Standard Model in deep inelastic $e^\pm p \rightarrow e^\pm \, hadrons$ scattering. The data are collected with the H1 detector at HERA and correspond to integrated luminosities of $0.909 \ {\rm pb}^{-1}$ and $2.947 \ {\rm pb}^{-1}$ for electron and positron beams, respectively. The differential cross sections $d\sigma / dQ^2$ are measured in the $Q^2$ range bet\-ween $160 \ \GeV^2$ and $20,000 \ \GeV^2$. The absence of any significant deviation from the Standard Model prediction is used to constrain the couplings and masses of new leptoquarks and to set limits on electron--quark compositeness scales and on the radius of light quarks., Comment: 16 pages, latex, 2 figures appended as uuencoded file
Published: 1995

19. A Direct Determination of the Gluon Density in the Proton at Low x

Author: C. A. Meyer, H. U. Martyn, A. Gruber, L. Goerlich, P. E. Reimer, Paul Richard Newman, C. Jacobsson, C. Vallée, C. Cormack, Alan Campbell, J. Feltesse, G. G. Winter, K. Rüter, C. Niebuhr, S. Egli, R. D. Appuhn, G. Grindhammer, Ch. Ley, P. Steffen, Max Klein, R. Buchholz, E. Evrard, D. Goldner, Y. Soloviev, Stefan Tapprogge, J. H. Köhne, R. Maraček, J-P. Meyer, M. W. Krasny, David Milstead, P. A. Smirnov, K. Meier, A. Wagener, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, W. von Schlippe, J. Žáček, B. Delcourt, D. Zarbock, H. P. Wellisch, Max Weber, U. Kathage, E. Malinovski, M. Kuhlen, T. Merz, M. Ibbotson, T. Carli, G. Lindström, C. Gruber, E. Eisenhandler, Christoph Grab, I. Sheviakov, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, C. Leverenz, A. Fedotox, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, V.L. Hudgson, E. Gabathuler, I. R. Kenyon, K. Gabathuler, A. Buniatian, J. Stiewe, K. C. Hoeger, T.C. Nicholls, J. Spiekermann, O. Hamon, K. Rosenbauer, I. O. Skillicorn, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, R. Roosen, J. Martens, H. Spitzer, U. Krüger, S. Dagoret, R. Rylko, Andrew Mehta, N. Gogitidze, Armen Vartapetian, R. Nahnhauer, E. Barrelet, S. Mani, H. P. Beck, David Cussans, Stephen Burke, R. Nisius, V. Riech, M. Hapke, R. J. Ellison, L. R. West, S. Spielman, T. Köhler, F. Kole, U. Stößlein, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, D. Schmidt, Martin Erdmann, G. Thompson, D. Düllmann, J. Ferencei, V I. Shekelyan, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, V. Efremenko, C. Wittek, U. Obrock, L. Büngener, D. Kant, Kerstin Borras, A. Semenov, F. Niebergall, V. Korbel, A. Droutskoi, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, G. Bertrand-Coremans, S. Schiek, Peter Robmann, M. zur Nedden, W.D. Dau, P. Goritchev, J. B. Dainton, R. Bernet, M. Jaffre, J. E. Olsson, W. Bartel, I. Herynek, Wolfram Erdmann, G. C. Lopez, S. Mikocki, G. Cozzika, F. Eisele, A. Wegner, R. Gerhards, H. E. Roloff, J. Ebert, R. C. W. Henderson, F. Brasse, J. R. Smith, J.P. Phillips, Stefan Valkar, D. Neyret, F. W. Büsser, E. Panaro, J. Kurzhöfer, V. Nagovizin, S. Eichenberger, W. Braunschweig, T. Mavroidis, A. Meyer, Hannes Jung, Alexander Zhokin, V. Boudry, R. Eichler, Leif J. Jönsson, C. Thiebaux, S. J. Maxfield, K. Zuber, Anton Babaev, R. Sell, S. Kazarian, J. Bähr, Gianfranco Sciacca, F. Zomer, A. Lebedev, M. Oakden, J. Strachota, L. Del Buono, L. Criegee, J. Cvach, Ch. Niedzballa, G. W. Noyes, U. Siewert, U. Krüner-Marquis, O. Dünger, M. Rietz, D. Haidt, M. Zimmer, H. Lohmander, D. Feeken, F. Botterweck, Dusan Bruncko, S. Kermiche, F. Ferrarotto, S. Rusakov, J. Formánek, H. Genzel, H. Ehrlichmann, W. Hildesheim, Yves Sirois, E. Mroczko, M. Gebauer, D. Vandenplas, Eram Rizvi, G. Heinzelmann, S. Willard, J. Lipinski, G. Franke, Zhen Zhang, A. Lindner, J. Janoth, V. Lubimox, M. Fleischer, P. Van Esch, Volker Blobel, Vladimir Andreev, Wolfgang Lange, E. Elsen, C. Keuker, A. Rostovtsev, Claus Kleinwort, M. Winde, H. Küster, A. Usik, H. Oberlack, P. Uelkes, L. Johnson, Klaus Rabbertz, A. B. Clegg, G. Villet, Pierre Marage, M. Colombo, J. V. Morris, G. Schmidt, A. Courau, Murrough Landon, S. J. McMahon, B. Schwab, J. Duboc, B. Stella, A. E. Wright, N. Wulff, J. W. Lomas, M. Forbush, H. Krehbiel, S. Reinshagen, C. Kiesling, Pavel Murin, V. Brisson, H. Grässler, P. Kasselmann, A. Pieuchot, A. Migliori, G. Buschhorn, G. Müller, D. Ozerov, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, R. Barschke, M. Höppner, Laurent Favart, C. Dollfus, S. Prell, Daniel Pitzl, D. Lüke, E. Wünsch, F. Rouse, Dave Sankey, H. Itterbeck, P. Van Mechelen, M. Arpagaus, K. Rybicki, Ulrich Goerlach, S. K. Kotelnikov, L. Hajduk, G. D. Patel, H. Meyer, Richard Lander, D.P. Johnson, G. Martin, F. Lamarche, J. P. Sutton, R. D. Martin, Didier Lacour, G. Pope, P. Di Nezza, K. Daum, L. N. Shtarkov, Hermann Kolanoski, D. Clarke, G. Knies, P. Bispham, J. Gayler, John A Coughlan, J. F. Laporte, A. Panitch, G. Nowak, F. Lehner, C. Yoyon, J. Haack, J. Riedlberger, H. B. Dreis, R. Marshall, S. Levonian, Dirk Krücker, S. M. Robertson, M. Wagener, M. Hütte, K. Flamm, P. Verrecchia, A. Braemer, A. Walther, T. Jansen, W. Zimmermann, H. Rick, P. I. P. Kalmus, G. Rädel, V. Solochenko, Yong Ban, N. Magnussen, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, N. Sahlmann, E. Schuhmann, Ph. Huet, P. Biddulph, M. A. Jabiol, U. Bassler, P. Ribarics, R. Felst, J. M. Foster, Ch. Pichler, S. Schleif, G. Siegmon, P. Baranov, Peter Schleper, R. Beyer, T. Krämerkämper, Marc Besancon, A.S. Belousov, P. Truöl, F. Moreau, J. Hladký, J. D. Dowell, J. Martyniak, B. Fominykh, Emmanuelle Perez, G. Lobo, A. Jacholkowska, H. Hufnagel, K. H. Hiller, C.D. Hilton, J.G. Contreras, J. Tutas, J. D. Burger, R. Prosi, K. Stolze, R. Kaschowitz, M. Nyberg-Werther, Roland Horisberger, A. Valkárová, S. Riess, S. Aid, P. Hill, J. Bán, T. R. Ebert, F. Raupach, D. Mercer, Günter Flügge, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, T. P. Yiou, S. Masson, F. Charles, J. Katzy, M. F. Hess, P. Loch, J. Turnau, A. De Roeck, M. Steenbock, V. Schröder, H. H. Kaufmann, B. Andrieu, A. Gellrich, Benno List, Barbara Clerbaux, J. M. Link, H. Henschel, T. Kurča, S. D. Kolya, Th. Naumann, H. Duhm, P. Kostka, B. Naroska, Winston Ko, E. Fretwurst, M. David, F. Linsel, Tim Greenshaw, J. Heatherington, D. Newton, C. Pascaud, P. Lanius, Markus Seidel, A. Glazov, V. Tchernyshov, Guenter Eckerlin, André Schöning, M. Korn, G. Weber, U. Straumann, P. Schacht, M. Flieser, G. Bernardi, J. Stier, J. Marks, Y. Vazdik, M. Charlet, R. Starosta, F. Sefkow, J. Garvey, A. M. Fomenko, M. J. Burton, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), H1, and Starita, Sabine
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Lattice, Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, Momentum, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Statistical analysis, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Range (particle radiation), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, HERA, 3. Good health, Gluon, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics
Abstract: A leading order determination of the gluon density in the proton has been performed in the fractional momentum range $1.9 \cdot 10^{-3} < x_{g/p} < 0.18$ by measuring multi-jet events from boson-gluon fusion in deep-inelastic scattering with the H1 detector at the electron-proton collider HERA. This direct determination of the gluon density was performed in a kinematic region previously not accessible. The data show a considerable increase of the gluon density with decreasing fractional momenta of the gluons., 19 pages, latex, 5 figures appended as uuencoded file
Published: 1995
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. A study of the fragmentation of quarks in $e^-p$ collisions at Hera

Author: J. E. Olsson, W. Bartel, M. Oakden, F. Kole, F. W. Büsser, H. Meyer, W. Braunschweig, S. Levonian, R. Sell, S. Kazarian, U. Krüner-Marquis, M. Wagener, K. C. Hoeger, T.C. Nicholls, U. Siewert, J. V. Morris, M. Zimmer, J. Gayler, S. Aid, L. Del Buono, G. Schmidt, T. Jansen, E. Fretwurst, V. Andreev, H. Rick, Jean-Francois Laporte, G. Rädel, H. Shooshtari, V. Riech, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, K. Flamm, Ph. Huet, Ch. Pichler, E. Evrard, C. A. Meyer, R. M. Martin, E. Sanchez, M. Hapke, Wolfram Erdmann, A. Gruber, J. H. Köhne, P. Loch, P. I. P. Kalmus, A. Schwind, Ch. Ley, R. Marshall, Dirk Krücker, R. Maraček, H. Ehrlichmann, M. Nyberg-Werther, E. Malinovski, W. von Schlippe, J. Martens, D. Mercer, A. Braemer, K. Daum, R. Roosen, B. Delcourt, H. Krehbiel, M. Kuhlen, R. D. Appuhn, Frank Raupach, C. Niebuhr, G. Thompson, T. Merz, G. Grindhammer, U. Stösslein, M. Höppner, S. Prell, Daniel Johnson, Jean-Arcady Meyer, G. Buschhorn, D. Lüke, S. Masson, J. Martyniak, N. Magnussen, D. Feeken, A. Wagener, G. Bertrand-Coremans, C. Leverenz, V. Lubimov, W. Lange, W. Ko, W. Hildesheim, G. Knies, J. Lipinski, D. Goldner, N. Wulff, D. Ozerov, T. R. Ebert, R. Nahnhauer, O. Hamon, A. Fedotov, K. Rosenbauer, Günter Flügge, Y. Soloviev, G. Franke, R. Gerhards, B. Fominykh, Emmanuelle Perez, E. Wünsch, Dave Sankey, T. P. Yiou, H. Spitzerx, J. R. Smith, A. Gellrich, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, G. Pope, R. J. Ellison, Martin Erdmann, P. Verrecchia, V. Schröder, R. Bernet, J. Janoth, U. Obrock, F. Niebergall, C. Schmidt, J. P. Sutton, P. Di Nezza, I. W. Walker, H. K. Nguyen, P. Uelkes, L. Johnson, A. Wegner, G. D. Patel, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, H. H. Kaufmann, Eckhard Elsen, P. Bispham, S. Schiek, J. Haack, L. N. Shtarkov, J. M. Foster, A. Panitch, I. O. Skillicorn, H. B. Dreis, E. Barrelet, G. Nowak, David Cussans, S. Tapprogge, M. Charlet, R. Starosta, Mario David, F. Lamarche, C. Kiesling, W.D. Dau, H. E. Roloff, J. B. Dainton, V. Solochenko, E. Panaro, J. Kurzhöfer, D. Düllmann, P. Goritchev, F. Sefkow, K. Gamerdinger, Peter Robmann, C. Cormack, E. M. Hanlon, S. Reinshagen, L. Criegee, Christoph Grab, A. De Roeck, M. Colombo, A. Courau, C. Gruber, A. J. Campbell, H. Henschel, H. U. Martyn, Matthias Klein, V. Nagovizin, G. G. Winter, R. Nisius, David Schmidt, T. Mavroidis, Murrough Landon, M. Arpagaus, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, K. Stephens, K. Rybicki, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, R. Eichler, E. Peppel, Karlheinz Meier, Fabian Zomer, K. Zuber, C. Wittek, G. Lindström, T. Krdmerkämper, A. E. Wright, Christophe Royon, K. Rütter, F. Charles, J. Katzy, J. P. Kubenka, L. Jönson, H. Lohmander, N. Sahlmann, A. Jacholkowska, E. Schuhmann, P. Steffen, J. Formánek, A. Pieuchot, E. Mroczko, M. Gebauer, Benno List, A. Lebedev, S. Egli, T. Kurča, F. Rouse, Armen Vartapetian, Barbara Clerbaux, Zhen Zhang, P. Biddulph, G. Cozzika, F. Eisele, Peter Schacht, G. W. Noyes, G. C. Lopez, S. Willard, M. Rietz, D. Haidt, L. Büngener, M. F. Hess, J. Cvach, Ch. Niedzballa, I. Herynek, O. Dünger, M. Forbush, M. A. Jabiol, A. Walther, Stefan Valkar, C. Pascaud, D. Zarbock, F. Botterweck, H. Itterbeck, P. Van Mechelen, H. P. Wellisch, Max Weber, H. Hufnagel, J. Žáček, I. Sheviakov, M. Flieser, Guenter Eckerlin, André Schöning, T. Carli, W. Zimmermann, Eram Rizvi, A. Rostovtsev, A. Usik, G. Heinzelmann, Gregorio Bernardi, U. Krüger, Hannes Jung, S. Kermiche, J. Spiekermann, Alexander Zhokin, Paul Richard Newman, C. Jacobsson, D. Kant, E. Eisenhandler, Anton Babaev, Kerstin Borras, A. Belousov, Hermann Kolanoski, J. Baehr, J. Stier, D. Clarke, John A Coughlan, U. Bassler, M. Fleischer, C. Vallée, C. Thiebaux, C.D. Hilton, J.G. Contreras, Y. Vazdik, Th. Naumann, J. Turnau, I. R. Kenyon, S. Dagoret, V.L. Hudgson, Stephen Maxfield, J. Stiewe, H. Küster, J. Strachota, J. Feltesse, L. Goerlach, A. Droutskoi, A. Semenov, Horst Oberlack, A. B. Clegg, R. Rylko, Andrew Mehta, N. Gogitidze, K. Gabathuler, A. Buniatian, M. Steenbock, P. Reimer, P. Ribarics, J. Ferencei, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, J. Garvey, V I. Shekelyan, J. Link, A. M. Fomenko, R. Felst, G. Lobo, U. Kathage, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, A. Lindner, H. P. Beck, Stephen Burke, H. Duhm, V. Boudry, R. Lander, R. Buchholz, V. Brisson, P. Baranov, David Milstead, P. A. Smirnov, F. Brasse, L. R. West, S. Spielman, Peter Schleper, M. J. Burton, E. Gabathuler, Dusan Bruncko, B. Andrieu, P. Kostka, B. Naroska, J. Ebert, F. Ferrarotto, H. Genzel, P. Kasselmann, Volker Blobel, S. Mani, Marc Besancon, Sergey Rusakov, P. Truöl, T. Köhler, M. W. Krasny, R. Kaschowitz, D. Neyret, C. Keuker, T. Greenshaw, Roland Horisberger, A. Valkárová, S. Eichenberger, S. Riess, Klaus Rabbertz, J.P. Phillips, J. Riedlberger, S. M. Robertson, V. Efremenko, P. Hill, J. Bán, B. Schwab, P. Van Esch, M. Hütte, Pavel Murin, H. Grässler, Claus Kleinwort, S. Mikocki, M. Ibbotson, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, R. Barschke, Laurent Favart, C. Dollfus, Steve McMahon, Ulrich Goerlach, J. Duboc, B. Stella, M. Jaffre, G. Müller, V. Korbel, Y. Sirois, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, M. Seidel, Daniel Pitzl, M. Korn, G. Weber, U. Straumann, S. K. Kotelnikov, J. Marks, L. Hajduk, F. Linsel, J. Heatherington, D. Newton, M. Winde, Didier Lacour, G. Villet, Pierre Marage, P. Lanius, V. Tchernyshov, Y. Ban, J. W. Lomas, A. Migliori, G. Siegmon, R. Beyer, F. Moreau, J. Hladký, J. D. Dowell, S. D. Kolya, K. H. Hiller, R. C. W. Henderson, J. Tutas, J. D. Burger, R. Prosi, K. Stolze, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and H1
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Annihilation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Quark model, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Parton, HERA, Inelastic scattering, Deep inelastic scattering, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Pair production, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Deep inelastic scattering (DIS) events, selected from 1993 data taken by the H1 experiment at HERA, are studied in the Breit frame of reference. The fragmentation function of the quark is compared with those of \ee data. It is shown that certain aspects of the quarks emerging from within the proton in \ep interactions are essentially the same as those of quarks pair-created from the vacuum in \ee annihilation. The measured area, peak position and widthof the fragmentation function show that the kinematic evolution variable, equivalent to the \ee squared centre of mass energy, is in the Breit frame the invariant square of the four-momentum transfer. We comment on the extent to which we have evidence for coherence effects in parton showers., Comment: 18 pages, latex, 7 figures appended as uuencoded file
Published: 1995

21. Measurement of the $e^+$ and $e^-$ induced charged current cross sections at HERA

Author: R. Nahnhauer, Dusan Bruncko, B. Naroska, F. Ferrarotto, T. R. Ebert, E. Barrelet, H. Genzel, David Cussans, K. Rosenbauer, A. Fedotov, Günter Flügge, T. P. Yiou, H. E. Roloff, T. Greenshaw, M. zurNedden, G. Siegmon, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, Karlheinz Meier, C. Wittek, Leif J. Jönsson, G. Thompson, C. Kiesling, Christophe Royon, L. Büngener, P. Van Esch, K. C. Hoeger, R. Beyer, A. De Roeck, J. P. Sutton, Claus Kleinwort, A. J. Campbell, H. Lohmander, F. Moreau, J. Hladký, P. Loch, D. Düllmann, Peter Robmann, H. Henschel, V. Riech, I. Herynek, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, A. Jacholkowska, F. Linsel, T. Kurča, M. Hapke, P. Verrecchia, E. Bernardi, K. Daum, J. H. Köhne, Winston Ko, S. D. Kolya, S. Schiek, A. Wegner, E. Panaro, J. Kurzhöfer, V. Schröder, V. Nagovizin, Ch. Ley, H. H. Kaufmann, Eckhard Elsen, C. Pascaud, G. W. Noyes, I. Sheviakov, G. Knies, P. Bispham, J. Heatherington, Guenter Eckerlin, H. U. Martyn, Matthias Klein, E. Malinovski, S. Levonian, K. H. Hiller, R. C. W. Henderson, Jean-Arcady Meyer, M. Kuhlen, S. Dagoret, R. Gerhards, Grzegorz Nowak, J. Ferencei, V I. Shekelyan, K. Rüter, C. Niebuhr, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, D. Newton, C. Jacobsson, G. Cozzika, F. Eisele, G. Bertrand-Coremans, M. Wagener, G. Grindhammer, J. Tutas, O. Dünger, A. Wagener, F. Botterweck, J. Haack, P. E. Reimer, C. Cormack, I. O. Skillicorn, H. B. Dreis, Th. Naumann, M. Hütte, J.P. Phillips, Stefan Valkar, K. Flamm, R. Roosen, J. D. Burger, S. Aid, R. Prosi, H. Duhm, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, J. V. Morris, L. Criegee, S. Reinshagen, Hannes Jung, Alexander Zhokin, R. M. Martin, G. G. Winter, M. Höppner, S. Prell, U. Krüner, D. Goldner, H. Spitzer, J. Martyniak, G. Schmidt, J. Feltesse, P. Steffen, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, E. Gabathuler, P. Lanius, Y. Soloviev, J. M. Foster, P. I. P. Kalmus, E. Evrard, M. Colombo, K. Stolze, P. Kostka, J. Formánek, Murrough Landon, K. Zuber, Markus Seidel, A. Glazov, V. Tchernyshov, B. Fominykh, E. Mroczko, M. Gebauer, U. Kathage, A. Braemer, A. Schöning, J. Janoth, D. Zarbock, H. P. Wellisch, V. L. Hudgson, A. E. Wright, Max Weber, D. Kant, C. A. Meyer, Emmanuelle Perez, G. Lobo, T. Carli, Paul Newman, R. J. Ellison, J. Cvach, Ch. Niedzballa, V. Lubimov, J. Žáček, J. Garvey, D. Vandenplas, B. Delcourt, M. David, V. Brisson, P. Di Nezza, M. Forbush, Kerstin Borras, D. Mercer, A. Gruber, Volker Blobel, R. Eichler, H. Itterbeck, P. Van Mechelen, A. Gellrich, M. Korn, H. Krehbiel, A. Semenov, T. Jansen, A. M. Fomenko, J. D. Dowell, C. Leverenz, K. Rybicki, C. Keuker, A. Pieuchot, Eckhart Fretwurst, K. Gabathuler, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, Daniel Johnson, A. Buniatian, M. Arpagaus, Stephen Maxfield, F. Lamarche, Wolfgang Lange, Klaus Rabbertz, O. Hamon, M. Flieser, J. Stiewe, H. Rick, G. Rädel, A. B. Clegg, R. Rylko, Andrew Mehta, L. N. Shtarkov, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, J. Stier, L. Goerlich, Wolfram Erdmann, M. J. Burton, N. Gogitidze, J. Gayler, J. Marks, Y. Vazdik, G. Weber, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, R. Buchholz, A. Panitch, Christoph Grab, David Milstead, Hermann Kolanoski, Ph. Huet, L.R. West, D. Clarke, D. Lüke, F. Lehner, R. L. Lander, U. Bassler, G. Buschhorn, S. Masson, S. Spielman, U. Straumann, D. Ozerov, T. Köhler, M. W. Krasny, Ch. Pichler, John A Coughlan, Martin Erdmann, S. Schleif, P. A. Smirnov, Horst Oberlack, E. Wünsch, F. Charles, J. Katzy, Dave Sankey, U. Obrock, H. Hufnagel, M. F. Hess, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, F. Niebergall, J. Duboc, B. Stella, P. Ribarics, V. Efremenko, R. Felst, D. Feeken, W. Hildesheim, J. Ebert, M. Charlet, Peter Schacht, G. C. Lopez, C.D. Hilton, J.G. Contreras, R. Starosta, J. Turnau, V. Korbel, M. Steenbock, S. Mikocki, G. Müller, G. D. Patel, U. Krüner-Marquis, V. Boudry, S. Willard, Anton Babaev, F. Brasse, V. Solochenko, C. Thiebaux, Armen Vartapetian, J. Strachota, F. Sefkow, B. Andrieu, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, G. Martin, David Schmidt, Yong Ban, P. Baranov, B. Schwab, R. Kaschowitz, N. Magnussen, Roland Horisberger, A. Valkárová, Pavel Murin, Peter Schleper, H. Grässler, N. Sahlmann, M. Winde, M. Ibbotson, A. Lebedev, S. Egli, S. Riess, T. Krämerkämper, M. Rietz, E. Schuhmann, Benno List, J. Spiekermann, P. Uelkes, L. Johnson, A. Rostovtsev, A. Droutskoi, Marc Besancon, Barbara Clerbaux, D. Haidt, P. Biddulph, R. Barschke, A.S. Belousov, Sergey Rusakov, P. Hill, J. Bán, M. A. Jabiol, Laurent Favart, C. Dollfus, P. Truöl, J. Riedlberger, Eram Rizvi, F. Rouse, G. Heinzelmann, Ulrich Goerlach, T. C. Nicholls, M. Fleischer, H. Küster, J. Martens, F. Kole, J. M. Link, U. Stößlein, S. Eichenberger, J. Bähr, S. Mani, H. P. Beck, S. Tapprogge, W.D. Dau, J. B. Dainton, Stephen Burke, C. Vallée, R. D. Appuhn, R. Marshall, Dirk Krücker, R. Bernet, A. Walther, W. Zimmermann, G. Lindström, C. Gruber, P. Goritchev, D. Neyret, T. Mavroidis, F. Zomer, L. Del Buono, V. Andreev, H. Ehrlichmann, Yves Sirois, J. Lipinski, G. Franke, Frank Raupach, S. M. Robertson, N. Wulff, P. Kasselmann, M. Jaffre, J. E. Olsson, W. Bartel, F. W. Büsser, W. Braunschweig, R. Sell, I. R. Kenyon, S. Kazarian, U. Siewert, M. Zimmer, Jean-Francois Laporte, Zhen Zhang, A. Usik, A. Meyer, Gianfranco Sciacca, M. Oakden, H. Meyer, S. Kermiche, R. Nisius, Daniel Pitzl, J. R. Smith, E. Eisenhandler, R. Maraček, W. von Schlippe, T. Merz, S. K. Kotelnikov, L. Hajduk, Didier Lacour, G. Pope, G. Villet, Pierre Marage, A. Courau, J. W. Lomas, A. Migliori, Steve McMahon, and M. Nyberg-Werther
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, HERA, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Charged current
Abstract: The cross sections for the charged current processes ${e^{-}p}\rightarrow{\nu_e+hadrons}$ and, for the first time, ${e^{+}p}\rightarrow{\overline{\nu}_e+hadrons}$ are measured at HERA for transverse momenta larger than 25 GeV., Comment: 21 pages, latex, 10 figures appended as uuencoded file
Published: 1995
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22. A measurement of the proton structure function <tex>F_{2}$</tex> (x, <tex>Q^{**}2)$</tex>

Author: H. U. Martyn, Matthias Klein, C. Niebuhr, Wolfram Erdmann, L. Criegee, T. Ahmed, M. Hppner, V. Andreev, D. Goldner, L. Grlich, R. Bernet, L. Jnsson, M. Colombo, H. E. Roloff, L. Del Buono, F W. Bsser, I. W. Walker, Murrough Landon, A. E. Wright, M. Kuhlen, K. Rybicki, G. Grindhammer, Yves Sirois, Paul Richard Newman, Grzegorz Nowak, G. Mller, C. Jacobsson, Christoph Grab, U. Seehausen, J. Kurzhfer, F. Botterweck, E. Snchez, P. Trul, H. Lohmander, G. Bertrand-Coremans, R. Kaschowitz, G. Franke, A. Wegner, a A. Akhundov, E. Panaro, W. Hildesheim, R. Eichler, J. P. Kubenka, G. W. Noyes, A. Walther, H. Itterbeck, P. Van Mechelen, J. V. Morris, S. Prell, H. Erlichmann, P. E. Reimer, W. Zimmermann, S. Riess, C. Cormack, E. M. Hanlon, O. Hamon, Armen Vartapetian, J. Baehr, V. Lubimov, T. Jansen, P. Verrecchia, Roland Horisberger, M. Nyberg-Werther, G. Heinzelmann, G. G. Winter, S. Willard, K. Daum, M. Forbush, A. Rostovtsev, R. J. Ellison, H. H. Kaufmann, Jan Hladky, I. Shevyakov, P. Steffen, P. Goritchev, T. R. Ebert, A. Droutskoi, C. Schmidt, H. Rick, N. Magnussen, J. P. Sutton, P. Di Nezza, M. Winde, P. Uelkes, L. Johnson, Ch. Ley, A. Schwind, N. Sahlmann, E. Mroczko, M. Gebauer, A. Fedotov, G. Knies, Eckhard Elsen, V. Nagovitsin, K. Gamerdinger, U. Kathage, E. Schuhmann, V. Chernyshov, M. Steenbock, H. Hufnagel, P. Hill, P. Robmann, J. Bán, H. Grssler, J. Khne, J. Duboc, D. Neyret, S. Schiek, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, Ph. Huet, S. Kermiche, S. Aid, J. Buerger, C. Kiesling, Wolfgang Lange, A. Lindner, J. Janoth, D. Dllmann, C.D. Hilton, E. Malinovskii, J.G. Contreras, B. Stella, J. Gayler, S. Eichenberger, I. R. Kenyon, T. Krmerkmper, L. N. Shtarkov, Dave Sankey, J. Haack, V. Brisson, A. De Roeck, A. J. Campbell, Richard E. Taylor, Mikhail Danilov, K. Gabathuler, A. Buniatian, D. Wegener, D. Krcker, W.J. Haynes, J. Formnek, A. Wagener, R. Roosen, I. O. Skillicorn, D. Zarbock, H. B. Dreis, Ch. Pichler, H. P. Wellisch, Max Weber, M. A. Jabiol, T. P. Yiou, Martin Erdmann, F. Charles, J. Katzy, T. Khler, U. Obrock, S. Reinshagen, A. Panitch, C. Keuker, J. Martyniak, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, R. Marshall, M. F. Hess, T. Carli, B. Fominykh, L. R. West, U. Bassler, M. W. Krasny, T. Kurča, M. Htte, P. Kostka, B. Naroska, G. D. Patel, A. Usik, R. Nahnhauer, Zhiqing Zhang, Benno List, H. Krehbiel, J. Turnau, K. Mller, Barbara Clerbaux, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, J. Zcek, H. Bergstein, Eckhart Fretwurst, M. Arpagaus, G. Siegmon, K. C. Hoeger, T.C. Nicholls, B. Schwab, David Schmidt, S. Levonian, A. Gellrich, J. E. Olsson, W. Bartel, G. Buschhorn, V. Efremenko, F. Lamarche, R. Grssler, P. Ribarics, H. Duhm, B. Andrieu, M. Wagener, V. Riech, R. Felst, R. Beyer, K. Flamm, E. Barrelet, David Cussans, S. Mani, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, F. Moreau, J. D. Dowell, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, J. M. Foster, D. Feeken, W. Braunschweig, M. Savitsky, R. Sell, S. Kazarian, Hermann Kolanoski, D. Clarke, M. Ibbotson, A. Mavroidis, E. Gabathuler, C. Pascaud, M. Hapke, John A Coughlan, A. Lebedev, S. Egli, Horst Oberlack, G. Weber, U. Siewert, E. Deffur, P. Baranov, S. Mikocki, A. Jacholkowska, Peter Schleper, H. P. Beck, Stephen Burke, M. Zimmer, J. Feltesse, Vincent Boudry, Jean-Francois Laporte, P. I. P. Kalmus, M. Rietz, S. Valkr, D. Haidt, Laurent Favart, C. Dollfus, C. A. Meyer, Karlheinz Meier, K. Zuber, Marc Besancon, J. Riedlberger, U. Krner-Marquis, J. Cvach, A.S. Belousov, Sergey Rusakov, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, G. Schmidt, A. Braemer, V. Blobel, S. M. Robertson, U. Stsslein, S. D. Kolya, Jean-Arcady Meyer, Eram Rizvi, A. Gruber, F. Rouse, M. David, Ulrich Goerlach, M. Vecko, R. Gerhards, Daniel Pitzl, C. Kleinwort, R. L. Lander, Frank Raupach, K. H. Hiller, Daniel Johnson, D. Mercer, I. Herynek, R. C. W. Henderson, E. Prez, N. Wulff, J. Tutas, S. Masson, R. Buchholz, M. Flieser, F. Niebergall, David Milstead, J. Stier, Y. Vazdik, P. Kasselmann, V.L. Hudgson, Stephen Maxfield, P. A. Smirnov, J. Stiewe, R. Prosi, A. Schning, J. Martens, U P. Krger, F. Kole, S. K. Kotelnikov, L. Hajduk, A. B. Clegg, R. Rylko, Andrew Mehta, N. Gogitidze, M. Fleischer, K. Johannsen, H. Kster, D. Lke, P. Murn, K. Rter, Peter Schacht, S. Tapprogge, W.D. Dau, J. B. Dainton, J. Lipinski, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, A. Valkrov, J. Spiekermann, Gregorio Bernardi, J. Ebert, R. Starosta, Anton Babaev, C. Thiebaux, J. Strachota, F. Sefkow, Peter Loch, R. D. Martin, Didier Lacour, G. Pope, J. Garvey, A. M. Fomenko, G. Villet, Pierre Marage, M. J. Burton, H. Spitzer, A. Courau, O. Dnger, Christophe Royon, Winston Ko, Guenter Eckerlin, Steve McMahon, V. Schrder, F. Linsel, G C. Lpez, J. Heatherington, G. Flgge, R. D. Appuhn, C. Gruber, G. Lindstrm, D. Kant, G. Rdel, Kerstin Borras, D. Newton, A. Semenov, Yu. Solovev, F. Brasse, P. Lanius, Markus Seidel, M. Korn, R. Nisius, U. Straumann, Thomas Naumann, V. Korbel, J. R. Smith, L. Buengener, E. Eisenhandler, R. Maraček, Fabian Zomer, G. Cozzika, F. Eisele, W. von Schlippe, Hannes Jung, Alexander Zhokin, T. Merz, C. Vallée, E. Evrard, S. Dagoret, J. Ferencei, V I. Shekelyan, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, Dusan Bruncko, F. Ferrarotto, H. Genzel, T. Greenshaw, J.P. Phillips, P. Van Esch, J. Marks, B. Delcourt, C. Leverenz, K. Rosenbauer, M. Jaffré, G. Thompson, M. Oakden, H. Meyer, E. Wnsch, H. Henschel, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, H. Shooshtari, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), H1, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Diffraction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Logarithm, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Momentum transfer, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, HERA, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Atomic physics, 010306 general physics
Abstract: A measurement of the proton structure function $F_{\!2}(x,Q^2)$ is reported for momentum transfer squared $Q^2$ between 4.5 $GeV^2$ and 1600 $GeV^2$ and for Bjorken $x$ between $1.8\cdot10^{-4}$ and 0.13 using data collected by the HERA experiment H1 in 1993. It is observed that $F_{\!2}$ increases significantly with decreasing $x$, confirming our previous measurement made with one tenth of the data available in this analysis. The $Q^2$ dependence is approximately logarithmic over the full kinematic range covered. The subsample of deep inelastic events with a large pseudo-rapidity gap in the hadronic energy flow close to the proton remnant is used to measure the "diffractive" contribution to $F_{\!2}$., 32 pages, ps, appended as compressed, uuencoded file
Published: 1995

23. Comparison of Deep Inelastic Scattering with Photoproduction Interactions at HERA

Author: Steve McMahon, K. Rüter, C. Niebuhr, R. Nisius, D. Goldner, B. Laforge, P. Palmen, R. Marshall, Y. Soloviev, P. E. Reimer, Dirk Krücker, C. Cormack, J. M. Foster, J. Riedlberger, V. Lubimov, G. G. Winter, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, K. Zuber, S. M. Robertson, G. Bertrand-Coremans, P. Steffen, G. Cozzika, M. Hütte, J. R. Smith, F. Eisele, E. Eisenhandler, H. Krehbiel, A. Pieuchot, G. Buschhorn, D. Ozerov, J. Cvach, Ch. Niedzballa, K. Rybicki, M. Charlet, J.P. Phillips, Stefan Valkar, D. Zarbock, H. P. Wellisch, Wolfram Erdmann, L. Criegee, R. L. Lander, R. Starosta, Max Weber, T. Carli, L. N. Shtarkov, Daniel Pitzl, Christoph Grab, Hannes Jung, Alexander Zhokin, J. H. Köhne, Martin Erdmann, U. Obrock, F. Niebergall, Frank Raupach, A. Walther, A. Meyer, H. Hufnagel, F. Linsel, Peter Schacht, G. C. Lopez, R. Kaschowitz, T. Jansen, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, M. Höppner, S. Prell, J. Formánek, F. Sefkow, Ch. Ley, W. Zimmermann, S. K. Kotelnikov, E. Malinovski, A. Panitch, Gregorio Bernardi, J. Heatherington, K. C. Hoeger, T.C. Nicholls, Paul Richard Newman, Grzegorz Nowak, Gianfranco Sciacca, N. Wulff, E. Mroczko, M. Gebauer, K. Daum, M. Kuhlen, D. Feeken, C.D. Hilton, J.G. Contreras, Roland Horisberger, G. Grindhammer, A. Valkárová, D. Vandenplas, L. Hajduk, H. Rick, P. Kasselmann, S. Riess, F. Lehner, D. Newton, Anton Babaev, M. Oakden, A. Gellrich, C. Thiebaux, C. Jacobsson, E. Evrard, H. U. Martyn, Matthias Klein, V. Riech, J. Theissen, G. Rädel, F. Lamarche, Christophe Royon, G. Knies, J. Strachota, M. Hapke, H. Meyer, S. Kermiche, P. Bispham, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, Hans Peter Beck, A. Wagener, P. Hill, J. V. Morris, G. Schmidt, J. P. Sutton, P. Di Nezza, J. Spiekermann, I. R. Kenyon, Ph. Huet, P. Goritchev, M. Jaffre, J. E. Olsson, Armen Vartapetian, Ch. Pichler, S. Reinshagen, J. Bán, J. Haack, Didier Lacour, R. Roosen, W. Bartel, J. Martyniak, Winston Ko, J. Janoth, G. Pope, G. Villet, P. Lanius, C. Pascaud, Pierre Marage, Guenter Eckerlin, B. Delcourt, R. Gerhards, André Schöning, S. Schleif, H. Spitzer, A. Rostovtsev, A. Droutskoi, F. W. Büsser, W. Braunschweig, C. Leverenz, K. H. Hiller, D. Neyret, Wolfgang Lange, Hermann Kolanoski, D. Clarke, John A Coughlan, R. Sell, Markus Seidel, A. Glazov, V. Tchernyshov, I. O. Skillicorn, H. B. Dreis, U. Krüner-Marquis, R. C. W. Henderson, J. Tutas, J. D. Burger, R. Maraček, J-P. Meyer, K. Gabathuler, A. Buniatian, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, L. R. West, S. Spielman, R. J. Ellison, S. Kazarian, B. Fominykh, A. Courau, P. Dixon, W. von Schlippe, U. Siewert, S. Levonian, O. Hamon, K. Rosenbauer, Horst Oberlack, T. Mavroidis, J. Duboc, B. Stella, M. Zimmer, Volker Blobel, C. Keuker, Klaus Rabbertz, Murrough Landon, A. E. Wright, Dusan Bruncko, U. Kathage, M. Forbush, S. Eichenberger, R. Prosi, V. Brisson, T. Köhler, M. W. Krasny, Vincent Boudry, T. Merz, H. Pawletta, M. Arpagaus, F. Charles, J. Katzy, M. F. Hess, J. Gayler, J. W. Lomas, W. Hildesheim, P. Kostka, A. Migliori, J. Bähr, R.K. Griffiths, Emmanuelle Perez, G. Lobo, Jean-Francois Laporte, J. Garvey, A. M. Fomenko, G. Thompson, R. Bernet, J. Žáček, H. E. Roloff, M. Korn, V. Efremenko, J. Turnau, M. Wagener, Eckhart Fretwurst, V. Solochenko, K. Stolze, Leif J. Jönsson, B. Naroska, R. Nahnhauer, F. Ferrarotto, D. Düllmann, H. Genzel, S. Mikocki, S. Willard, M. Steenbock, B. Schwab, K. Flamm, P. I. P. Kalmus, H. Itterbeck, P. Van Mechelen, A. Braemer, G. Müller, S. Bourov, B. Waugh, E. Barrelet, H. Lohmander, Pavel Murin, H. Grässler, David Cussans, H. Henschel, G. Weber, U. Straumann, G. Siegmon, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, S. Mani, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, Zhen Zhang, M. J. Burton, A. Lebedev, S. Egli, M. Rietz, M. Ibbotson, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, Karlheinz Meier, C. Wittek, B. Andrieu, M. Winde, R. Beyer, Peter Robmann, Stephen Burke, L. Büngener, F. Moreau, J. Hladký, P. Uelkes, L. Johnson, J. D. Dowell, Yong Ban, V. Korbel, D. Haidt, N. Magnussen, R. Barschke, I. Herynek, Laurent Favart, A. Jacholkowska, F. Zomer, L. Del Buono, C. Dollfus, V. Andreev, P. Baranov, S. D. Kolya, T. Greenshaw, Eram Rizvi, G. Heinzelmann, F. Rouse, Ulrich Goerlach, A. Usik, N. Sahlmann, H. Ehrlichmann, Peter Schleper, E. Schuhmann, M. Fleischer, T. Krämerkämper, H. Küster, D. Lüke, P. Biddulph, Marc Besancon, A.S. Belousov, E. Wünsch, Dave Sankey, M. A. Jabiol, Sergey Rusakov, P. Truöl, Rosario Martín, G. D. Patel, U. Bassler, P. Van Esch, G. Martin, David Schmidt, O. Dünger, F. Botterweck, Claus Kleinwort, P. Ribarics, R. Felst, S. Schiek, A. Wegner, C. A. Meyer, J. Zsembery, E. Panaro, J. Kurzhöfer, V. Nagovizin, A. Gruber, R. Eichler, P.-O. Meyer, G. W. Noyes, Daniel Johnson, L. Goerlich, I. Sheviakov, U. Krüger, S. Dagoret, J. Ferencei, V I. Shekelyan, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, Th. Naumann, H. Duhm, E. Gabathuler, M. David, D. Kant, Kerstin Borras, A. Semenov, F. Brasse, C.L. Davis, C. Vallée, R. D. Appuhn, M. Flieser, J. Stier, G. Lindström, C. Gruber, J. Marks, Y. Vazdik, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, V.L. Hudgson, Stephen Maxfield, J. Stiewe, A. B. Clegg, R. Rylko, Andrew Mehta, N. Gogitidze, J. Ebert, M. Nyberg-Werther, J. Feltesse, T. R. Ebert, A. Fedotov, Günter Flügge, T. P. Yiou, M. zurNedden, R. Buchholz, David Milstead, C. Kiesling, P. A. Smirnov, J. Martens, A. De Roeck, A. J. Campbell, F. Kole, U. Stößlein, T. Kurča, S. Tapprogge, W.D. Dau, J. B. Dainton, Benno List, Barbara Clerbaux, J. M. Link, P. Loch, P. Verrecchia, V. Schröder, H. H. Kaufmann, Eckhard Elsen, S. Aid, Yves Sirois, D. Mercer, J. Lipinski, G. Franke, S. Masson, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), H1, and Starita, Sabine
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Photon, [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, Parton, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), law, Energy flow, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Rapidity, 010306 general physics, Collider, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, HERA, Deep inelastic scattering, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: Photon-proton ($\gamma p$) interactions with~$Q^25$~GeV$^2$ are studied at the high energy electron-proton collider HERA. The transverse energy flow and relative rates of large rapidity gap events are compared in the two event samples. The observed similarity between $\gamma p$ and $\gamma^* p$ interactions can be understood in a picture where the photon develops as a hadronic object. The transverse energy density measured in the central region of the collision, at $\eta^*=0$ in the $\gamma^* p$ centre of mass frame, is compared with data from hadron-hadron interactions as function of the CMS energy of the collision., Comment: 15 pages, latex, 4 figures appended as uuencoded file
Published: 1995
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24. Swallowing in motor neurone disease

Author: S E, Leighton, M J, Burton, W S, Lund, and G M, Cochrane
Subjects: Male, Letter, Pharyngostomy, Humans, Female, Age of Onset, Middle Aged, Motor Neuron Disease, Deglutition Disorders, Prognosis, Aged, Deglutition, Research Article
Abstract: Ninety-two patients with motor neurone disease have been assessed clinically and radiologically for evidence of swallowing problems. At the time of examination, moderate or severe swallowing difficulty was present in 89% of those whose disease had presented as bulbar palsy, in 45% of those in whom the disease began many months before as progressive muscular atrophy and in 29% of those with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Patients with more severe swallowing symptoms appeared more likely to have abnormal findings on videofluoroscopy overall. However, not all patients with an abnormal radiological picture had swallowing difficulties. It is suggested that radiological signs should only be used within the context of clinical symptoms and signs in the selection of patients for palliative surgery. Thirteen patients with pseudobulbar symptoms and signs had a cricopharyngeal myotomy performed: two suffered major post-operative complications. However, the satisfaction rate was 89% and we recommend cricopharyngeal myotomy for such patients. Pharyngostomy was performed for seven patients unable to initiate swallowing, six had post-operative complications.
Published: 1994

25. Nonorganic hearing loss in cochlear implant candidates

Author: P D, Spraggs, M J, Burton, and J M, Graham
Subjects: Adult, Male, Cochlear Implants, Adolescent, Audiometry, Patient Selection, Preoperative Care, Humans, Female, Hearing Loss, Functional, Referral and Consultation
Abstract: Five patients undergoing assessment for cochlear implantation have been found to have a nonorganic hearing loss (pseudohypacusis). This phenomenon has not been reported previously in this patient population. The cases are presented and the causes, detection, and management of this condition are discussed.
Published: 1994

26. Otitis media bei Kleinkindern mit Cochlear-Implants

Author: M. J. Burton, M. C. Dahm, G.M. Clark, B.K.-H. Franz, and R.K. Shepherd
Abstract: In der Rehabilitation von gehorlosen und ertaubten Patienten hat die elektrische Innenohrstimulation inzwischen einen festen Platz. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist die Versorgung von tauben Kleinkindern, da mit Hilfe eines Cochlear-Implants der Spracherwerb und die Sprachproduktion erheblich gefordert werden konnen.
Published: 1994
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27. Steady state evoked potentials: a new tool for the accurate assessment of hearing in cochlear implant candidates

Author: G, Rance, F W, Rickards, L T, Cohen, M J, Burton, and G M, Clark
Subjects: Adult, Hearing Loss, Bilateral, Male, Cochlear Implants, Child, Preschool, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Humans, Auditory Threshold, Female, Deafness, Audiometry, Evoked Response
Published: 1993

28. Lucja Frey and the auriculotemporal nerve syndrome

Author: M J Burton and M Brochwicz-Lewinski
Subjects: Sweating, Gustatory, Humans, General Medicine, Poland, History, 20th Century, Research Article
Published: 1991

29. THE EFFECT OF PIPE DIAMETER AND PRESSURE DROP ON THE FORMATION OF ICE PLUGS IN PIPELINES

Author: M. J. Burton, G. S. Smith, and R. J. Bowen
Subjects: Pressure drop, Pipeline transport, Materials science, Geotechnical engineering
Published: 1990
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30. 98 A SURVEY OF BONE AND JOINT INFECTIONS OCCURRING IN SICKLE CELL HEMOGLOBINOPATHIES

Author: R L Nolan and M J Burton
Subjects: medicine.anatomical_structure, business.industry, Cell, Immunology, Medicine, General Medicine, business, Joint infections, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Published: 2004
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31. A SURVEY OF BONE AND JOINT INFECTIONS OCCURRING IN SICKLE CELL HEMOGLOBINOPATHIES

Author: M J Burton and R L Nolan
Subjects: General Medicine, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Published: 2004
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32. Mastitis control measures used on some Minnesota dairy farms

Author: M. J. Burton, Norman B. Williamson, L. E. Baumann, and W.B. Brown
Subjects: Veterinary medicine, Food Animals, business.industry, Herd, Medicine, Animal Science and Zoology, Mail questionnaire, Mastitis control, business, Milking
Abstract: Proven mastitis control procedures are available, but few studies have documented their rates of use on commercial dairy farms. This paper presents the results of a mail questionnaire on the use of mastitis control procedures and sources of information on mastitis control, which were administered in December 1981 and again in February 1984 to 213 Minnesota dairy farmers. Sources of information about mastitis control were also determined for the surveyed farms. Response rates to the questionnaire were 56.8% in 1981 and 51.2% in 1984. Herd average milk and butterfat production were higher and somatic cell counts lower on responder's farms than non-responders'. Teat dipping was practiced by approximately 75% of farmers responding to the questionnaire in both years. However, only about one third of respondents used teat dips containing effective disinfectants. Approximately 93% of respondents used dry period therapy (DPT) but less than one half of them treated all quarters of all cows at drying off and approximately one third of them complied with the recommended infusion practices. A combination of effective DPT and teat disinfection practices was used by approximately 15% of respondents in both years of the survey. Segregation of mastitic cows occurred on approximately 40% of respondent farms and milking machine function was checked at least annually on 50%. Participation in routine veterinary reproductive health programs was 51.2% in 1981 and 61.5% in 1984. In contrast, regular veterinary input for mastitis control was received by
Published: 1988
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33. Effects of dopamine-receptor blockade on self-stimulation in the monkey

Author: F, Mora, E T, Rolls, M J, Burton, and G S, Shaw
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Lateral hypothalamus, Dopamine, Clinical Biochemistry, Nucleus accumbens, Toxicology, Biochemistry, Amygdala, Behavioral Neuroscience, Self Stimulation, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Saimiri, Biological Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, biology, business.industry, Squirrel monkey, Brain, Haplorhini, biology.organism_classification, Butyrophenones, Macaca mulatta, Receptors, Adrenergic, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, nervous system, Organ Specificity, Spiperone, Hypothalamus, Dopamine receptor, Locus coeruleus, business, Neuroscience, medicine.drug
Abstract: In a dose-response experiment it was shown that intraperitoneal injections of 0.062 mg/kg, and 0.1 mg/kg of the dopamine-receptor blocking agent and neuroleptic spiroperidol severely attenuate self-stimulation in the orbitofrontal cortex, hypothalamus, and in the region of the locus coeruleus, in the rhesus monkey and in the squirrel monkey. In the rhesus monkey intracranial injections of 6 mug of spiroperidol bilaterally into the nucleus accumbens or the hypothalamus attenuated self-stimulation of the amygdala, and injections into the orbitofrontal cortex attenuated self-stimulation of the amygdala and lateral hypothalamus. Self-stimulation at other sites tested (including the region of the locus coeruleus) was much less affected by the injections, and injections into the region of the locus coeruleus were ineffective. These results together with other control experiments suggest that spiroperidol can attenuate self-stimulation in the monkey independently of any motor impairment or sedation produced, and that dopamine receptors in particular brain regions are involved in self-stimulation of particular brain sites.
Published: 1976
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34. Changes in mastitis management practices associated with client education, and the effects of adoption of recommended mastitis control procedures on herd milk production

Author: Ralph J Farnsworth, Norman B. Williamson, W.B. Brown, L. E. Baumann, and M. J. Burton
Subjects: Veterinary medicine, business.industry, Milk production, medicine.disease, Discontinuation, Mastitis, Food Animals, Environmental health, Herd, medicine, Animal Science and Zoology, Mastitis control, business, Management practices, Reproductive health
Abstract: The effects on the adoption of recommended mastitis control practices were compared of an on-farm mastitis education program, the provision of educational materials only, and no intervention. Changes in herd production resulting from the adoption of control procedures were also estimated. Nine herds previously receiving regular reproductive health services were provided with a mastitis control education program designed specifically for them. The education program covered the major current recommendations for controlling endemic mastitis. A further nine herds continued to receive only the reproductive program, while 18 similar herds were sent mastitis control literature only. Farmer practices in mastitis control and knowledge were recorded and evaluated in both December 1981 and February 1984 using a mailed questionnaire sent to the above 36 and a further 168 herds near St. Paul in the same 11 countries. The success of the education program was evaluated by comparing the rates of adoption of recommended mastitis control procedures and the discontinuation of inappropriate procedures. Changes in farmer-perceived rewards to dairying resulting from the program were evaluated for the specifically educated farmers receiving the on-farm education program. The specific mastitis control education program in association with regular reproductive health visits significantly increased the adoption of recommended procedures over other strategies. Adoption of appropriate management changes was not significantly different between herds which received no additional information and herds receiving informative literature alone. The introduction of teat dipping as a control procedure to a herd was associated with a significant increase (P P>0.05). Farmers' perceptions of their rewards from dairying were significantly improved as a result of receiving the integrated mastitis control education program. This was true for the four major rewards identified.
Published: 1988
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35. The Lancet Global Health Commission on global eye health: vision beyond 2020.

Author: M. J., Burton
Subjects: *WORLD health, *EYE care, *MEDICAL care, *MENTAL health, *CATARACT surgery
Abstract: This extensive report presents evidence for the importance of global eye health, and supports the case for urgent action. It examines approaches to enabling the delivery of eye healthcare services within universal health coverage. The report argues that eye health is crucial in achieving Sustainable Development Goals, including the reduction of poverty and improvement of work productivity, general and mental health, and education and equity. Eye health is considered an essential component of universal health coverage. However, despite the availability of highly cost-effective vision-restoring interventions such as cataract surgery and provision of spectacles, high quality eye health services are not universally delivered, and costs prevent many people from accessing essential eye care services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021

36. Endovascular embolization of a traumatic arteriovenous fistula of the superficial temporal artery.

Author: O J H Whiteside, P Monksfield, N B Steventon, J Byrne, and M J Burton
Abstract: Arteriovenous fistula of the superficial temporal artery is a rare condition most commonly caused by trauma. Traditional surgical treatment has been superseded by endovascular embolization. We present the case of a 40year-old man with a traumatic arteriovenous fistula of the superficial temporal artery who was treated by endovascular embolization. The advantages of this approach are discussed, along with a brief history of the condition [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2005

37. Myometrial activity during natural and dexamethasone-induced parturition in the cow

Author: M J, Burton, H E, Dziuk, M L, Fahning, and R, Zemjanis
Subjects: Pregnancy, Myometrium, Animals, Pregnancy, Animal, Cattle, Female, Labor, Induced, Dexamethasone
Abstract: Myometrial activity was monitored during natural and dexamethasone-induced parturition in 8 Holstein dairy cattle, using strain gauge transducers. Four gauges were attached to the serosal surface of the gravid uterine horn, dividing it into thirds. Parturition was induced in 2 of 4 heifers and 2 of 4 cows (group 1); the remaining animals were allowed to calve spontaneously (group 2). Chains of low-amplitude contractions (repeated small deviations from base line) were detected before parturition was induced, and these were more common at distended parts of the uterus. Uncharacteristically sharp peaks followed by small rhythmic contractions, during preinduction recording, indicated that the myometrium was responsive to fetal movement even several days before parturition. By 18 hours before parturition, discrete single contractions appeared independently of contraction chains, and the first tubocervical peristaltic contraction waves were detected. The mean area under recorded contraction curves (uterine work) increased quadratically and the frequency of contractions decreased linearly from 12 hours before parturition to 2 hours after parturition. There was also an increase in the proportion of tubocervical waves over this period, and contraction chains were no longer present. During the second stage of labor, distended and undistended parts of the uterus were equally active, and forceful maternal straining was associated with larger sustained contractions. Fetal membrane rupture was accompanied by a doubling in the rate of passage of contraction waves along the length of the uterus. After the calf was expelled, contractions became extremely regular, and the majority progressed in a tubocervical direction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Published: 1987

38. Hairs and fibers as evidence

Author: M J, Burton
Subjects: Textiles, Animals, Humans, Forensic Medicine, United States, Hair
Published: 1976

39. Effects of basolateral amygdala lesions on taste aversions produced by lactose and lithium chloride in the rat

Author: L C, Simbayi, R A, Boakes, and M J, Burton
Subjects: Male, Conditioning, Classical, Drinking, Association Learning, Lactose, Rats, Inbred Strains, Lithium, Amygdala, Extinction, Psychological, Rats, Chlorides, Taste, Avoidance Learning, Animals, Lithium Chloride
Abstract: In Experiment 1, intact rats were given either lactose or sucrose solutions. Although on first exposure they readily consumed lactose, its ingestion produced a conditioned taste avoidance which was partly extinguished by repeated sucrose exposure after lactose conditioning. In Experiment 2, rats with large bilateral electrolytic lesions of the basolateral amygdala and those with either sham or no operations were given two pairings of saline with LiCl injections (upper gastrointestinal tract discomfort) and in a separate condition access to high levels of lactose (lower gastrointestinal tract discomfort). Conditioned taste avoidances were measured both by two-bottle tests and by video recordings of the rats' orofacial and somatic responses. The lesions attenuated LiCl-induced taste aversion but not lactose-induced taste avoidance, results demonstrating that taste avoidance can occur without the basolateral amygdala. The results suggested that aversions based on distaste can be distinguished from avoidances based on danger, not only in terms of orofacial responses but also in terms of their neuroanatomical substrate.
Published: 1986

40. Fenfluramine; continuous monitoring of its effects of feeding and drinking in rats [proceedings]

Author: M J, Burton, S J, Cooper, and D A, Popplewell
Subjects: Male, Time Factors, Fenfluramine, Animals, Drinking Behavior, Feeding Behavior, Rats, Research Article
Published: 1980

41. Pseudohermaphroditism in a Holstein heifer

Author: H W Momont and M J Burton
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, General Veterinary, MEDLINE, Disorders of Sex Development, Cattle Diseases, General Medicine, Biology, medicine.disease, medicine, Animals, Pseudohermaphroditism, Cattle, Female
Published: 1986

42. Carcinogens in a cracked petroleum residuum. The contributions of various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the carcinogenic potency of a catalytically cracked oil

Author: M J Burton, Bell Z, E. Bingham, Russell Tye, and A.W. Horton
Subjects: Chromatography, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, chemistry.chemical_compound, Residuum, Mice, Petroleum, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, Carcinogens, Environmental Chemistry, Organic chemistry, Animals, Polycyclic Compounds, Carcinogenic potency, Carcinogen, General Environmental Science
Published: 1966

43. Carcinogenesis of the skin. 3. The contribution of elemental sulfur and of organic sulfur compounds

Author: A W, Horton, E L, Bingham, M J, Burton, and R, Tye
Subjects: Male, Mice, Skin Neoplasms, Papilloma, Carcinogens, Animals, Benzopyrenes, Sulfides, Oils, Hydrocarbons, Sulfur
Published: 1965

44. Experimental study of hard photon radiation processes at Hera

Author: C. Cormack, Alan Campbell, E. M. Hanlon, U. Stsslein, G. G. Winter, Wolfgang Lange, G. Grindhammer, P. Steffen, V. Lubimov, G. Siegmon, Frank Raupach, K. Rosenbauer, S. M. Robertson, R. Beyer, F. Moreau, J. D. Dowell, E. Malinovskii, D. Zarbock, D. Schmidt, K. Rter, Daniel Pitzl, N. Wulff, P. Kasselmann, M. Jaffré, G. Thompson, J. Buerger, Peter Schacht, B. Stella, H. P. Wellisch, Max Weber, L. N. Shtarkov, A. Jacholkowska, N. Magnussen, S. K. Kotelnikov, T. Krmerkmper, J. Gayler, K. Gabathuler, A. Buniatian, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, L. Hajduk, S. Aid, U P. Krger, N. Sahlmann, G. Villet, Gregorio Bernardi, V. Boudry, Pierre Marage, J. Feltesse, A. Courau, A. Panitch, M. W. Krasny, Peter Loch, Armen Vartapetian, Axel Lindner, R. Marshall, E. Schuhmann, Anton Babaev, Didier Lacour, G. Pope, Martin Erdmann, J. V. Morris, G. Schmidt, F. R. Rouse, V. Efremenko, A. Droutskoi, U. Obrock, J. G. Contreras, C. Thiebaux, J. Strachota, K. Gamerdinger, H. Krehbiel, E. Wnsch, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, R. Nisius, R. Grssler, G. Buschhorn, F. Niebergall, V. Korbel, M. Forbush, M. Htte, A. Schwind, M. A. Jabiol, E. Evrard, Max Klein, S. Mikocki, H. E. Roloff, K. Johannsen, K. C. Hoeger, S. Eichenberger, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, Zhen Zhang, Vladimir Andreev, J. M. Foster, Christophe Royon, C. Niebuhr, A A. Akhundov, B. Schwab, V. Brisson, T. Jansen, H. Rick, R. Kaschowitz, Roland Horisberger, S. Riess, Steve McMahon, Dave Sankey, S. Egli, S. Valkr, T. P. Yiou, U. Bassler, R. Buchholz, D. Mercer, J. R. Smith, D. Goldner, L. Buengener, F. Linsel, P. A. Smirnov, K. Meier, G. Bertrand-Coremans, Tim Greenshaw, S. Levonian, A. Wegner, B. Naroska, V. L. Hudgson, G. D. Patel, Winston Ko, B. Delcourt, M. Kuhlen, V. Riech, A. Usik, H. Meyer, H. Grssler, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, Stefan Tapprogge, E. Panaro, M. Savitsky, D.P. Johnson, Hans Peter Beck, H. Lohmander, A. Walther, J. Heatherington, S. Masson, K. Zuber, T. Kurca, M. Wagener, C. Pascaud, L. Criegee, D. Newton, P. Hill, I. W. Walker, V. Chernyshov, J. E. Olsson, W. Bartel, G. Mller, Christoph Grab, Laurent Favart, R. Eichler, C. Leverenz, C. Dollfus, Guenter Eckerlin, S. Rusakov, L. Grlich, M. Hapke, J. P. Kubenka, R. Nahnhauer, M. Hess, Ulrich Goerlach, Ph. Huet, Ch. Pichler, W. Zimmermann, P. Ribarics, J. Baehr, R. Felst, J. Bán, T. Ahmed, E. Barrelet, E. Mroczko, M. Gebauer, D. Kant, K. Flamm, David Cussans, A. Mavroidis, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, V. Nagovitsin, O. Dnger, G. Rdel, Kerstin Borras, R. M. Martin, W. Braunschweig, G. W. Noyes, P. Lanius, T. C. Nicholls, A. Gellrich, R. Sell, S. Kazarian, F. Lamarche, K. H. Hiller, R. C. W. Henderson, M. Hppner, A. Lebedev, J. Cvach, M. Oakden, L. Jnsson, M. Rietz, U. Siewert, P. Verrecchia, E. Snchez, P. I. P. Kalmus, G C. Lpez, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, M. Zimmer, G. Cozzika, F. Eisele, J. Janoth, E. Eisenhandler, R. Gerhards, R. J. Ellison, Jean-Francois Laporte, D. Haidt, G. Lindstrm, J. Tutas, Eram Rizvi, I. R. Kenyon, G. Heinzelmann, A. Semenov, Hermann Kolanoski, D. Clarke, John A Coughlan, H. H. Kaufmann, K. Mller, J.P. Phillips, C. A. Meyer, H. U. Martyn, A. Braemer, S. Dagoret, Volker Blobel, Paul Newman, C. Keuker, Judith Katzy, A. Valkrov, J. Spiekermann, H. Spitzer, M. Fleischer, R. Prosi, V. Schrder, A. Gruber, Roland Bernet, J. Formnek, Horst Oberlack, I. Herynek, A. Schning, R. Maraček, J-P. Meyer, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, Hannes Jung, Alexander Zhokin, V I. Shekelyan, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, W. von Schlippe, R. Starosta, T. Merz, M. Ibbotson, P. Baranov, S. Mani, Tancredi Carli, Stephen Burke, Yu. Solovev, F. Brasse, F W. Bsser, H. Shooshtari, Grzegorz Nowak, J. Martens, E. Prez, F. Kole, U. Seehausen, M. Korn, J. Riedlberger, Dusan Bruncko, F. Ferrarotto, G. Flgge, R. L. Lander, U. Krner-Marquis, H. Genzel, C. Jacobsson, Michael Seidel, J. Khne, F. Sefkow, Benno List, F. Charles, Barbara Clerbaux, Ch. Ley, Peter Schleper, H. Kster, D. Lke, J. Ferencei, P. Van Esch, J. Garvey, A. M. Fomenko, P. Murn, R. Taylor, J. Turnau, P. Trul, E. Elsen, J. Marks, A. Rostovtsev, J. P. Sutton, Claus Kleinwort, W.D. Dau, F. Zomer, J. B. Dainton, G. Weber, M. Steenbock, U. Straumann, B. Andrieu, M. J. Burton, A. Wagener, U. Kathage, E. Gabathuler, Marc Besancon, C. Vallée, H. K. Nguyen, A.S. Belousov, I. V. Gorelov, J. Zcek, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, Stephen Maxfield, J. Stiewe, J. Kurzhfer, A. B. Clegg, R. Rylko, Andrew Mehta, N. Gogitidze, R. D. Appuhn, Yves Sirois, M. Vecko, J. Lipinski, J. Ebert, G. Franke, H. Hufnagel, C. Gruber, S. Kermiche, P. Goritchev, D. Dllmann, C.D. Hilton, Mikhail Danilov, R. Roosen, J. Duboc, D. Neyret, T. Khler, J. Martyniak, B. Fominykh, Eckhart Fretwurst, S. Reinshagen, C. Kiesling, M. Arpagaus, K. Rybicki, Wolfram Erdmann, D. Feeken, W. Hildesheim, M. Colombo, S. Willard, Murrough Landon, A. E. Wright, M. Winde, P. Uelkes, L. Johnson, H. Itterbeck, P. Van Mechelen, H. Erlichmann, O. Hamon, K. Daum, G. Knies, S. Schiek, J. Haack, I. O. Skillicorn, H. B. Dreis, M. Nyberg-Werther, T. R. Ebert, A. Fedotov, A. De Roeck, H. Henschel, H. Bergstein, S. D. Kolya, Th. Naumann, H. Duhm, E. Deffur, P. Kostka, M. David, M. Flieser, J. Stier, Y. Vazdik, L.R. West, David Milstead, S. Prell, Jan Hladky, I. Shevyakov, C. Schmidt, P. Di Nezza, Peter Robmann, L. Del Buono, F. Botterweck, D. Krcker, P. E. Reimer, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), H1, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Photon, Luminosity (scattering theory), Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Compton scattering, Bremsstrahlung, Elementary particle, HERA, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Collider, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract: We present an experimental study of theep→eγ+p andep→eγ+X processes using data recorded by the H1 detector in 1993 at the electron-proton collider HERA. These processes are employed to measure the luminosity with an accuracy of 4.5 %. A subsample of theep→eγ+X events in which the hard photon is detected at angles θγ′ ≤ 0.45 mrad with respect to the incident electron direction is used to verify experimentally the size of radiative corrections to theep→eX inclusive cross section and to investigate the structure of the proton in theQ2 domain down to 2 GeV2, lower than previously attained at HERA.

45. Role of traditional healers in the management of microbial keratitis in eastern Nepal.

Author: Das Sanyam S, Yadav R, H A Mohamed Ahmed A, Arunga S, Leck A, Macleod D, Roshan A, K Singh S, K Mishra S, J Hoffman J, J Burton M, and Mtuy T
Abstract: Background: Microbial Keratitis (MK) is a leading cause of corneal blindness due to infection and its consequences, with a higher incidence in resource-limited nations. Hospital-based patient records from different parts of Nepal suggest patients often use traditional eye medicine to treat MK. Traditional healers (TH) within the community are often the first point of care for MK management. Little is known of their practice, perceptions, and knowledge around MK management. We aimed to understand the role of traditional healers in the management of MK in south-eastern Nepal., Methods: A cross-sectional, mixed method, descriptive study was conducted in the Siraha district of Nepal. A total of 109 traditional healers consented to participate in a survey of knowledge, attitude, and practices. Some participants were also invited to participate in in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Interviews and focus groups were conducted and recorded in the Maithili language by a native speaking interviewer and transcribed into English. Descriptive analysis was performed for the survey. Data saturation was considered the endpoint for qualitative data collection, and a thematic was analysis applied., Results: Traditional healers believe that infection of the eye can be caused by trauma, conjunctivitis, or evil spirits. They were unclear about differentiating MK from other eye conditions. They provided various types of treatment. Some were confident that they could treat severe ulcers that had not responded to medical therapy, while others thought treating larger diameter ulcers would be difficult. Although there were mixed responses in referring patients with MK, the majority of TH were willing to refer., Conclusion: In a weak health system, traditional healers may help address barriers to healthcare access and reduce delays to definitive care, upon integration into the formal health system and referral pathway., Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed., (Copyright: © 2024 Das Sanyam S et al.)
Published: 2024
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