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Aim of work: to study the incidence of components of metabolic syndrome in patients with anal fistulae, to analyze combinations of different components of metabolic syndrome and types of pararectal fistulae. Materials and Methods. A clinical examination of 508 patients (85.2% – men; 21.5% at the age of 20-39 years, 43.9% – 40-59 years, 34.6% – ≥60 years) with anal fistulae (of them 48.0% were transsphincteric and 29.3% – extrasphincteric fistulae) who underwent treatment in the department of coloproctology of municipal clinical hospital №5 of Dushanbe in the period from 2010 to 2015, was conducted with the aim of identification of components of metabolic syndrome. Results. In 282 patients (55.5% of the total number of patients with anal fistulae, 90.8% of them being men) components of metabolic syndrome were identified: obesity – in 229 patients (45.1% of the total patients with anal fistulae), arterial hypertension – in 115 patients (22,6%), type 2 diabetes mellitus – in 58 patients (11.4%), IHD – in 8 patients (1.6%). In the presence of components of metabolic syndrome the recurrent forms of fistulae were recorded in 16.3% of cases (in the absence – in 12.8% of cases), and complicated forms – extrasphincteric (29.3%) predominated over intrasphincteric forms (22.7%); in control group the proportion of the mentioned forms was 24.8% and 29.2%, respectively. Transsphincteric forms were most common in both groups (48.0% and 46.0%). Conclusions. Components of metabolic syndrome in different combinations were identified in more than half (55.5%) the patients with anal fistulae (obesity – 45.1%, arterial hypertension – 22.6%, 2 type diabetes mellitus – 11.4%, IHD – 1.6%). A tendency was recorded to a more common recurrence of anal fistulae and to a more complicated forms of anal fistulae in patients with components of metabolic syndrome.

In a hot climate in the Khatlon region of the Republic of Tajikistan examined the nature of the formation of production figures collectible varieties of potatoes. It is established that the varieties of potatoes Nilufar Tajikistan, Faizabad (st.) Rasht and give 100% germination within 25 days from planting, while other varieties sprout during 27-29 days from planting. In these conditions the greatest number of stems observed in the cultivars Muhabbat, Tojikiston, F1 (Nilufar x Clone-2) and Nilufar (4...5 PCs./plant). Varieties of potatoes Muhabbat and Nilufar exceed other varieties on the grounds of: the mass of stems in a 2.7 and 7 times the mass of roots in 2.5...3 times the mass of tubers at 6.0...6.75 times and the total biomass in 4...5 times. Adaptive reactions of potato cultivars in a hot climate Khuroson district is strongly associated with genetic features of studied varieties of potatoes. In hot climates Khuroson district, the most productive was the cultivar Muhabbat, Nilufar, Tojikiston, Faizabad (st.), which have a mass of tubers from 235 to 300 g/plant, and total biomass of the most productive varieties are varieties Muhabbat, Nilufar Tajikistan, which are from 400 to 500 g/plant (almost 2 to 3 times more than other varieties of potatoes). Therefore, varieties Muhabbat, Nilufar Tajikistan, and are more heat-resistant varieties and these can be rec-ommended in the future for breeding in hot climates Khuroson district of Khatlon region of Tajikistan.

Results of the complex diagnosis and surgical treatment of 85 patients with acute commissural obstruction of the small bowel have shown that at the present-day stage of the early diagnosis of this disease the method of USI in combination with using metallic "contrast marks" (carried out in 14 patients) holds the leading place. U-shape anastomoses were preferred when making entero-enteral anastomoses and ileoascendoanastomoses which considerably decreased the frequency of incompetent sutures. The developed method of antegrade intubation of the digestive tract was used for correction of syndrome of enteral insufficiency in 46 patients that resulted in a quicker restoration of the small bowel functioning (4-5 days) and correction of the enteral insufficiency syndrome (5-6 days).

Based on complex diagnosis and treatment of 58 patients with postoperative intraabdominal bleedings (PIB), clinical classification and adequate surgical policy are proposed. It is demonstrated that in PIB of degree II-III urgent relaparotomy is indicated. In PIB of degree I dynamic follow-up of drainages, hemodynamic and hematological indices are possible.

The results of examination of 42 patients with an acute anastomositis after performance of gastric resection were analyzed. Clinical classification was elaborated for detailed interpretation of the anastomosits diagnosis and choice of therapy. Close correlative inter-relatioship between severity of anastomositis and degree of gastric mucosa colonization by micro-organisms was established basing on analysis of the laboratory and bacteriological investigations results.

The fragments of cotton Gossipium hirsutum c.v. 108-f chloroplast genome were cloned in Escherichia coli cells. The cloned psbA and rbcL genes have been selected using the heterologous probes from spinach. The preliminary attempts to clone the complete psbA gene in pUC19 vector failed, probably, due to the toxicity of its product to Escherichia coli cells, and its 5'- and 3'-ends were cloned separately. Reconstruction experiments revealed that while the complete psbA gene was unable to be stably inherited by Escherichia coli cells, its structural part lacking the promoter region could be readily cloned in the bacterial cells.