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Introduction: Several international sports federations have implemented a standardized injury registration system during their championships. However, very few studies have included athletes with disabilities during major competitions, apart from the Paralympic Games. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the rate and characteristics of illnesses and injuries during the 2021 South America Wheelchair Basketball Championships. Material and method: The coaching staff of the 11 participating teams (a total of 129 players) were asked to report daily all the health problems that have occurred and their characteristics in a standardized form. Prevalence and incidence rates were calculated. Results: In this study 108 health problems were reported, equivalent to 83.7 per 100 players [95% CI: 67.9-99.5], with 8 timeloss health problems (6.2 per 100 players [95% CI: 1.9-10.5]) and a total of 74 medical attention injuries (57.4 per 100 players [95% CI:44.3-70.4]). Were reported 15 diseases, and the most affected organ systems were ophthalmologic, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary. More injuries were recorded during matches (n=43). The most affected regions were shoulder/clavicle (24.7%), hand/fingers (23.7%) and neck/cervical spine (12.9%). The most frequent conditions were muscle contractures/cramps (32.2%), and the predominant mechanism was overuse (53.8%). 2.2% of concussions produced during training were reported. Most of the recorded events were without time loss and with return to full participation between zero and one day. Conclusion: Monitoring of health problems during competitions is essential to determine sport-specific injury risk factors, and a complex approach should be implemented for the recognition of their characteristics in wheelchair basketball players. In this way, adequate preventive measures can be developed.

Constructed wetlands are an efficient and cost-effective system for the treatment of wastewater that can be reused for diverse purposes, including irrigation; however, few studies have determined the efficiency of microbial removal by constructed wetlands in tropical regions. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the microbial quality of the influent and effluent of a constructed wetland in Puerto Rico, using traditional bacterial indicators (i.e., thermotolerant coliforms and enterococci), as well as somatic and male-specific (F+) coliphages. Results showed that over 99.9 and 97.7% of thermotolerant coliforms and enterococci were removed after treatment by constructed wetlands, respectively. Notably, approximately 84.0% of male-specific (F+) coliphages were removed, while somatic and total coliphages exhibited differing removal percentages at different steps during treatment by constructed wetlands. The potential risk of the presence of enteric viruses in treated wastewater by constructed wetlands may increase when considering traditional bacterial indicators exclusively. The present study may aid in the efforts to determine public health concerns associated with the exposure of bioaerosols resulting from wastewater treatment by constructed wetlands.

There is a paucity of empirical knowledge and a lack of descriptive portrait about women leadership and their managerial characteristics. The present study attempted to address the literature gap by investigating the correlation between the leadership levels and personality traits of female managers in Metro Manila, Philippines. This non-experimental research involved 100 female managers in the fields of banking, hospitality, and education using purposive sampling technique. The instruments used in this study were Maxwell’s Five Leadership Levels and Goldberg’s Big-five inventory scale. The findings of this study reveal that 31% of the respondents are in Level 1 and 27% are in Level 5. Also, female managers generally have a high level of openness, conscientiousness, and agreeableness and a moderate level of extroversion and neuroticism. Moreover, the five leadership levels are associated with two out of five personality traits: extroversion (X2=19.7,p=0.011) and neuroticism (X2=11.1,p=0.018). Further tests show that there are no significant differences in the leadership levels in terms of the demographic information of the respondents. These results depict that female managers think in abstract and complex ways, are highly organized and determined, have an inclination to make interaction with their team members, experience a great deal of empathy, tend to get pleasure from serving and taking care of their team members, and are relatively prone to negative emotions.

Bile acid homeostasis and signaling is disrupted in NAFLD and may play a central role in the development of the disease. However, there are no studies addressing the impact of diet on bile acid metabolism in patients with NAFLD. In juvenile Iberian pigs, we show that fatty acid composition in high-fat high-fructose diets affects BA levels in liver, plasma, and colon but these changes were not associated with the severity of the disease.

La familia como constructo cultural constituido por valores sociales, está influenciada por momentos e instancias, ideológicas, políticas, socioculturales e históricas. En este artículo presentamos una revisión bibliográfica cualitativa de los trabajos sobre familias y parejas en la Revista Puertorriqueña de Psicología (reps). Nuestro objetivo fue disertar críticamente sobre lo que se ha publicado en la revista en cuanto a temas que abordan las diversas manifestaciones psicológicas en el contexto familiar, sus abordajes sistémicos, y su pertinencia histórica. Revisamos 34 estudios publicados en la reps entre el 1981 y 2020 y evaluamos su contenido cualitativo mediante una síntesis interpretativa crítica para el análisis del contenido en revisiones bibliográficas narrativas. Pudimos ver que las producciones de los artículos de familias y parejas de los últimos 40 años en la reps están vinculados con momentos históricos y socioculturales del país. No obstante, existe una desconexión con la realidad colonial de Puerto Rico y su impacto en las problemáticas familiares y de parejas.

This research examined the performance of athletes both in regional and national competitions using the descriptive correlation design method. A total of 155 participants, which include student-athletes and trainers, participated in the study. The participants include 100 athletes and 55 trainers from the seven states universities and colleges in the National Capital Region (NCR). Frequency, mean, and standard deviation were calculated using descriptive statistics while multiple regression coefficients were computed using inferential statistics. Based on the results, most of the athletes are within a height index of 5ft. to 5.92ft, a weight range of 51kg to 60 kg, belonged to the 15-10 years of age bracket, males, and academically ranked as ‘Superior’. Most of the athletes had attended a series of group training and most were engaged in 4 or more training a month. In addition, the majority of the trainers were females, with less than 1 year of training experience, attended 3-5 seminars, and have an average emotional quotient. The administrative support was perceived to be ‘very adequate’ by athletes in terms of sport budget as congruent to the trainers’ perception. Furthermore, both the athletes and trainers perceived sport facilities as ‘very adequate’. The perception of athletes about sport incentives was ‘very adequate’ as same with the trainers. Results show that the predictors of athletes’ regional performance are trainers’ length of teaching experiences, frequency of training, and body built. On the other hand, the predictors of athletes’ national performance are frequency of training, age, incentive, and administrative support. For the athletes’ and trainers’ overall total performance, the predators include the athletes’ frequency of training, athletes’ body built, and trainers’ number of seminars. These findings suggest that the profile of the athletes and trainers predicts the performance of athletes in states colleges and universities in higher athletic competitions as well as the administrative support given to them. Article visualizations

This study aimed to examine the difference in therapy satisfaction between lesbian, gay, and bisexual + (LGB +) individuals and heterosexual individuals, and to identify the association between therapy satisfaction and the perception of knowledge and attitudes of their last therapist among the LGB + participants. Through an exploratory design with a comparative group, 125 LGB + and 75 heterosexual participants were recruited online by availability. Results indicate that the participants’ sexual orientation has no significant relation on therapy satisfaction. However, there was a significant positive association between satisfaction with therapy and the LGB + participants’ perception that their therapist demonstrated knowledge and positive attitudes. This research highlights the importance for continuous education and curriculum efforts on LGB + issues.

Disability is associated with lower quality of life and premature death in older people. Therefore, prevention and intervention targeting older people living with a disability is important. Frailty can be considered a major predictor of disability. In this study, we aimed to develop nomograms with items of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) as predictors by using cross-sectional and longitudinal data (follow-up of five and nine years), focusing on the prediction of total disability, disability in activities of daily living (ADL), and disability in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). At baseline, 479 Dutch community-dwelling people aged ≥75 years participated. They completed a questionnaire that included the TFI and the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale to assess the three disability variables. We showed that the TFI items scored different points, especially over time. Therefore, not every item was equally important in predicting disability. ‘Difficulty in walking’ and ‘unexplained weight loss’ appeared to be important predictors of disability. Healthcare professionals need to focus on these two items to prevent disability. We also conclude that the points given to frailty items differed between total, ADL, and IADL disability and also differed regarding years of follow-up. Creating one monogram that does justice to this seems impossible.

Huanglongbing (HLB) disease has caused a severe decline in citrus production globally over the past decade. There is a need for improved nutrient regimens to better manage the productivity of HLB-affected trees, as current guidelines are based on healthy trees. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different fertilizer application methods and rates with different planting densities on HLB-affected citrus root and soil health. Plant material consisted of ‘Ray Ruby’ (Citrus × paradisi) grapefruit trees grafted on ‘Kuharske’ citrange (Citrus × sinensis × Citrus trifoliata). The study consisted of 4 foliar fertilizer treatments, which included 0×, 1.5×, 3× and 6× the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agriculture (UF/IFAS) recommended guidelines for B, Mn and Zn. Additionally, 2 ground-applied fertilizer treatments were used, specifically controlled-release fertilizer (CRF1): 12−3−14 + B, Fe, Mn and Zn micronutrients at 1× UF/IFAS recommendation, and (CRF2): 12−3−14 + 2× Mg + 3× B, Fe, Mn and Zn micronutrients, with micronutrients applied as sulfur-coated products. The planting densities implemented were low (300 trees ha−1), medium (440 trees ha−1) and high (975 trees ha−1). The CRF fertilizer resulted in greater soil nutrient concentrations through all of the time sampling points, with significant differences in soil Zn and Mn. Grapefruit treated with ground-applied CRF2 and 3× foliar fertilizers resulted in the greatest bacterial alpha and beta diversity in the rhizosphere. Significantly greater abundances of Rhizobiales and Vicinamibacterales were found in the grapefruit rhizosphere of trees treated with 0× UF/IFAS foliar fertilizer compared to higher doses of foliar fertilizers.

La marginación en poblaciones rurales dificulta el abastecimiento de agua debido a infraestructura deficiente que impide que los usuarios obtengan el recurso hídrico. Entre las soluciones para obtener agua está el sistema de captación de agua de lluvias (SCALL) a través de azoteas de viviendas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es reducir el desabasto de agua en la comunidad de San Antonio Alpanocan, Puebla por medio del diseño de un SCALL. Para realizar el diseño del sistema se seleccionaron los materiales y componentes necesarios para su instalación; para el dimensionamiento de tanques separadores y el almacén del agua de lluvia recolectada, se utilizó el volumen promedio mensual de precipitación; como superficie de captación se empleó un prototipo de vivienda característico de zonas rurales ubicadas en áreas sísmicas de México. Los resultados mostraron que con este diseño es posible recolectar agua de lluvia durante 4 meses del año (junio a septiembre) para utilizarlo con fines domésticos potables y no potables. Con lo anterior se concluye que el agua de lluvia almacenada tendrá las características suficientes para que los habitantes del área de estudio puedan utilizarla en sus actividades domésticas diarias y reducir el problema de escasez que actualmente enfrentan.

Background: Despite the growth and popularity of gig work, limited information exists about the occupational health and safety concerns faced by individuals who are employed through ridesharing online applications. In this qualitative study, we characterized the perceived health and safety concerns of drivers employed by rideshare companies. Methods: During September–October 2019, we requested car rides, using digital rideshare platforms. During the ride, drivers responded verbally to a brief closed-end sociodemographic and work characteristics survey. A semi-structured interview script was used to collect rideshare driver perceptions on health and safety risks. Findings: A total of 35 rideshare drivers of group mean age of 43.1 ± 11.2 years were interviewed, of whom 77.1% were male and 82.9% identified as Latino. Sixty percent of participants reported rideshare as their primary job, working an average of 47.9 ± 19.6 hours weekly (minimum = 6 hours, maximum = 84 hours). Drivers enjoyed job autonomy yet faced stressors such as passenger risky behavior, car accidents, and lack of policies that protect the driver. Rideshare drivers also raised concerns about their current health status, economic pressures, and worker safety. Conclusion/Application to Practice: Drivers are forced to extend work hours to support themselves financially, exacerbating their current health concerns and safety risks as it means more time spent working in their sedentary job, compromising their mental and physical health as well as their safety. Occupational health and safety programs geared toward workers in the gig economy are needed.

Agricultural crops infected with vector-borne pathogens can suffer severe negative consequences, but the extent to which phytopathogens affect the fitness of their vector hosts remains unclear. Evolutionary theory predicts that selection on vector-borne pathogens will favour low virulence or mutualistic phenotypes in the vector, traits facilitating effective transmission between plant hosts. Here, we use a multivariate meta-analytic approach on 115 effect sizes across 34 unique plant–vector–pathogen systems to quantify the overall effect of phytopathogens on vector host fitness. In support of theoretical models, we report that phytopathogens overall have a neutral fitness effect on vector hosts. However, the range of fitness outcomes is diverse and span the parasitism–mutualism continuum. We found no evidence that various transmission strategies, or direct effects and indirect (plant-mediated) effects, of phytopathogens have divergent fitness outcomes for the vector. Our finding emphasizes diversity in tripartite interactions and the necessity for pathosystem-specific approaches to vector control.

A nutrição é um fator relevante para a otimização do desempenho e promoção do bem-estar animal nos sistemas de criação intensivo e semi-intensivo, através da formulação e fornecimento de dietas capazes de suprir as necessidades nutricionais. Os efeitos do fornecimento de dietas desbalanceadas ou que contenham substâncias bociogênicas são refletidos através da ocorrência de disfunções metabólicas como exemplo das endocrinopatias da glândula tireoide (hipotireoidismo, hipertireoidismo e bócio). Tais patologias são responsáveis por retardar o desempenho animal quanto a conversão alimentar, sem falar que estão diretamente ligadas a maior ocorrência de problemas reprodutivos como retenção de placenta, abortos e natimortalidade. Tendo em vista a importância da nutrição sobre a produtividade e equilíbrio metabólico, objetivou-se reunir informações sobre alimentos bociogênicos, destacar a sua influência sobre a função tireoidiana e os reflexos na produção animal. Concluiu-se que as disfunções tireoidianas são comuns a todas as espécies animais e provocadas por diversos fatores como excesso ou carência de iodo dietético, presença de substâncias bociogênicas nos alimentos, privação energética, carência de zinco, selênio e excesso de cálcio.

In this work, three fluorescent probes for detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) where prepared based on gallium (III) corrole complexes bearing nitro groups at beta-pyrrolic positions. Two of the compounds selected, the 3-nitro5,10,15- tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrolatogallium(III)(pyridine) (CGa-NO2) and the 3,17-dinitro-5,10,15-tris (pentafluorophenyl)corrolatogallium(III)(pyridine) (CGa-2NO2) present one and two nitro groups directly linked to the beta-pyrrolic position. The third compound, the (E)-3-(2-nitroprop-1-en-1-yl)-5,10,15-tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrolatogallium(III)(pyridine) (CGa-EtNO2), has a carbon-carbon double bond spacer between the corrole unit and the nitro group. All these derivatives were obtained from 5,10,15-tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrolatogallium(III)(pyridine) (CGa). The precursor CGa and the derivative CGa-EtNO2 behaved as turn-OFF probes, while compound CGa-NO2 responded as a turn-ON probe in the presence of H2S in the pH range of 5-9. Mechanistic studies show that the interaction of H2S with the probes involves its coordination with gallium(III) and in some cases the reduction of the nitro group to a new aminated corrole. While the formation of the coordination complex with H2S is almost immediate, the kinetics of the reduction is slow. Interestingly, for CGaNO2 the two processes can be explored in a ratiometric sensing of H2S in a non-aqueous solution showing a good linearity over an extended concentration range (5-200 mu M). The response of the corroles to H2S in intracellular medium was studied in 2D cultured cells (HeLa). LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-029319; LA/P/0056/2020 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

OBJECTIVES: Characterize occupational cancer risk perceptions and attitudes towards cancer prevention practices among firefighters in the Dominican Republic. METHODS: Focus group discussions and key informant interviews were conducted in June 2019 among firefighters from three fire departments. Themes were inductively created using a qualitative descriptive approach. RESULTS: Thirty-seven firefighters were interviewed with a group mean age of 36.2 ±10.3 years, of which 97.3% were male, and 37.1% worked at least 10 years. Six themes emerged: 1) availability of personal protective equipment (PPE); 2) constant toxic exposure during fire suppression; 3) occupational stress due to emergency response experiences; 4) lack of workplace health promotion activities and policies at the fire department level; 5)firefighters attribute Dominican Culture for not engaging in medical checkups; and 6) expensive medical copays limits healthcare access. CONCLUSION: Dominican firefighters are willing to adopt cancer prevention practices, however organizational barriers (i.e., PPE availability, cultural barriers, health promotion practices) limit engagement.