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2,488 results on '"M. de Vos"'

1. A contrast in sea ice drift and deformation between winter and spring of 2019 in the Antarctic marginal ice zone

Author: A. Womack, A. Alberello, M. de Vos, A. Toffoli, R. Verrinder, and M. Vichi
Subjects: Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: Two ensembles of buoys, deployed in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) of the north-eastern Weddell Sea region of the Southern Ocean, are analysed to characterise the dynamics driving sea ice drift and deformation during the winter-growth and the spring-retreat seasons of 2019. The results show that although the two buoy arrays were deployed within the same region of ice-covered ocean, their trajectory patterns were vastly different. This indicates a varied response of sea ice in each season to the local winds and currents. Analyses of the winter data showed that the Antarctic Circumpolar Current modulated the drift near the sea ice edge. This led to a highly energetic and mobile ice cover, characterised by free-drift conditions. The resulting drift and deformation were primarily driven by large-scale atmospheric forcing, with negligible contributions due to the wind-forced inertial response. For this highly advective coupled ice–ocean system, ice drift and deformation linearly depended on atmospheric forcing. We also highlight the limits of commercial floating ice velocity profilers in this regime since they may bias the estimates of sea ice drift and the ice type detection. On the other hand, the spring drift was governed by the inertial response as increased air temperatures caused the ice cover to melt and break up, promoting a counterintuitively less wind-driven ice–ocean system that was more dominated by inertial oscillations. In fact, the deformation spectra indicate a strong decoupling to large-scale atmospheric forcing. Further analyses, extended to include the deformation datasets from different regions around Antarctica, indicate that, for similar spatial scales, the magnitude of deformation varies between seasons, regions, and the proximity to the sea ice edge and the coastline. This implies the need to develop rheology descriptions that are aware of the ice types in the different regions and seasons to better represent sea ice dynamics in the MIZ.
Published: 2024
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2. Understanding the drift of Shackleton's Endurance during its last days before it sank in November 1915, using meteorological reanalysis data

Author: M. de Vos, P. Kountouris, L. Rabenstein, J. Shears, M. Suhrhoff, and C. Katlein
Subjects: Science, Geology, QE1-996.5, Dynamic and structural geology, QE500-639.5, Physics, QC1-999, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809
Abstract: On 5 December 1914, Sir Ernest Shackleton and his crew set sail from South Georgia aboard the wooden barquentine vessel Endurance, beginning the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition to cross the Antarctic continent. However, Shackleton and his crew never reached land because the vessel became beset in the sea ice of the Weddell Sea in January 1915. Endurance then drifted in the pack for 11 months, was crushed by the ice, and sank on 21 November 1915. Over many years, various predictions were made about the location of the wreck. These were based largely on navigational fixes taken by Captain Frank Worsley, the navigator of the Endurance, 3 d prior to and 1 d after the sinking of Endurance. On 5 March 2022, the Endurance22 expedition located the wreck some 9.4 km southeast of Worsley's estimated sinking position. In this paper, we describe the use of meteorological reanalysis data to reconstruct the likely ice drift trajectory of Endurance for the period between Worsley's final two fixes, at some point along which the vessel sank. Reconstructions are sensitive to choices of wind factor and turning angle, but allow an envelope of possible scenarios to be developed. A likely scenario yields a simulated sinking location some 3.5 km from the position at which the wreck finally was found, with a trajectory describing an excursion to the southeast and an anticlockwise turn to the northwest prior to sinking. Despite numerous sources of uncertainty, these results show the potential for such methods in marine archaeology.
Published: 2023
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3. The eWaterCycle platform for open and FAIR hydrological collaboration

Author: R. Hut, N. Drost, N. van de Giesen, B. van Werkhoven, B. Abdollahi, J. Aerts, T. Albers, F. Alidoost, B. Andela, J. Camphuijsen, Y. Dzigan, R. van Haren, E. Hutton, P. Kalverla, M. van Meersbergen, G. van den Oord, I. Pelupessy, S. Smeets, S. Verhoeven, M. de Vos, and B. Weel
Subjects: Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: Hutton et al. (2016) argued that computational hydrology can only be a proper science if the hydrological community makes sure that hydrological model studies are executed and presented in a reproducible manner. Hut, Drost and van de Giesen replied that to achieve this hydrologists should not “re-invent the water wheel” but rather use existing technology from other fields (such as containers and ESMValTool) and open interfaces (such as the Basic Model Interface, BMI) to do their computational science (Hut et al., 2017). With this paper and the associated release of the eWaterCycle platform and software package (available on Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5119389, Verhoeven et al., 2022), we are putting our money where our mouth is and providing the hydrological community with a “FAIR by design” (FAIR meaning findable, accessible, interoperable, and reproducible) platform to do science. The eWaterCycle platform separates the experiments done on the model from the model code. In eWaterCycle, hydrological models are accessed through a common interface (BMI) in Python and run inside of software containers. In this way all models are accessed in a similar manner facilitating easy switching of models, model comparison and model coupling. Currently the following models and model suites are available through eWaterCycle: PCR-GLOBWB 2.0, wflow, Hype, LISFLOOD, MARRMoT, and WALRUS While these models are written in different programming languages they can all be run and interacted with from the Jupyter notebook environment within eWaterCycle. Furthermore, the pre-processing of input data for these models has been streamlined by making use of ESMValTool. Forcing for the models available in eWaterCycle from well-known datasets such as ERA5 can be generated with a single line of code. To illustrate the type of research that eWaterCycle facilitates, this paper includes five case studies: from a simple “hello world” where only a hydrograph is generated to a complex coupling of models in different languages. In this paper we stipulate the design choices made in building eWaterCycle and provide all the technical details to understand and work with the platform. For system administrators who want to install eWaterCycle on their infrastructure we offer a separate installation guide. For computational hydrologists that want to work with eWaterCycle we also provide a video explaining the platform from a user point of view (https://youtu.be/eE75dtIJ1lk, last access: 28 June 2022). With the eWaterCycle platform we are providing the hydrological community with a platform to conduct their research that is fully compatible with the principles of both Open Science and FAIR science.
Published: 2022
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4. Genome-wide association analyses of symptom severity among clozapine-treated patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

Author: C. Okhuijsen-Pfeifer, M. Z. van der Horst, C. A. Bousman, B. Lin, K. R. van Eijk, S. Ripke, Y. Ayhan, M. O. Babaoglu, M. Bak, W. Alink, H. van Beek, E. Beld, A. Bouhuis, M. Edlinger, I. M. Erdogan, A. Ertuğrul, G. Yoca, I. P. Everall, T. Görlitz, GROUP (Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis) investigators, K. P. Grootens, S. Gutwinski, T. Hallikainen, E. Jeger-Land, M. de Koning, M. Lähteenvuo, S. E. Legge, S. Leucht, C. Morgenroth, A. Müderrisoğlu, A. Narang, C. Pantelis, A. F. Pardiñas, T. Oviedo-Salcedo, J. Schneider-Thoma, S. Schreiter, E. Repo-Tiihonen, H. Tuppurainen, M. Veereschild, S. Veerman, M. de Vos, E. Wagner, D. Cohen, J. P. A. M. Bogers, J. T. R. Walters, A. E. Anil Yağcıoğlu, J. Tiihonen, A. Hasan, and J. J. Luykx
Subjects: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract: Abstract Clozapine is the most effective antipsychotic for patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, response is highly variable and possible genetic underpinnings of this variability remain unknown. Here, we performed polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses to estimate the amount of variance in symptom severity among clozapine-treated patients explained by PRSs (R2) and examined the association between symptom severity and genotype-predicted CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP2C19 enzyme activity. Genome-wide association (GWA) analyses were performed to explore loci associated with symptom severity. A multicenter cohort of 804 patients (after quality control N = 684) with schizophrenia spectrum disorder treated with clozapine were cross-sectionally assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and/or the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) scale. GWA and PRS regression analyses were conducted. Genotype-predicted CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP2C19 enzyme activities were calculated. Schizophrenia-PRS was most significantly and positively associated with low symptom severity (p = 1.03 × 10−3; R2 = 1.85). Cross-disorder-PRS was also positively associated with lower CGI-S score (p = 0.01; R2 = 0.81). Compared to the lowest tertile, patients in the highest schizophrenia-PRS tertile had 1.94 times (p = 6.84×10−4) increased probability of low symptom severity. Higher genotype-predicted CYP2C19 enzyme activity was independently associated with lower symptom severity (p = 8.44×10−3). While no locus surpassed the genome-wide significance threshold, rs1923778 within NFIB showed a suggestive association (p = 3.78×10−7) with symptom severity. We show that high schizophrenia-PRS and genotype-predicted CYP2C19 enzyme activity are independently associated with lower symptom severity among individuals treated with clozapine. Our findings open avenues for future pharmacogenomic projects investigating the potential of PRS and genotype-predicted CYP-activity in schizophrenia.
Published: 2022
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5. Temporal relationships between latent symptoms in psychosis: a longitudinal experience sampling methodology study

Author: G. Gillett, D. Joyce, C. Karr, M. de Vos, D.-J. Dijk, N. Jacobson, J. MacCabe, and N. Meyer
Subjects: Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract: Introduction A variety of dimensions of psychopathology are observed in psychosis. However, the validation of clinical assessment scales, and their latent variable structure, is often derived from cross-sectional rather than longitudinal data, limiting our understanding of how variables interact and reinforce one another. Objectives Using experience sampling methodology (ESM) and analytic approaches optimised for longitudinal data, we assess potential latent variables of commonly-reported symptoms in psychosis, and explore the temporal relationship between them. Methods N=36 participants with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder provided data for up to one year, as part of the Sleepsight study. Using a smartphone app, participants self-reported clinical symptoms once daily for a mean duration of 323 days (SD: 88), with a response rate of 69%. Symptoms were rated using seven-point Likert scale items. Items included symptoms traditionally implicated in psychosis (feeling “cheerful”, “anxious”, “relaxed”, “irritable”, “sad”, “in control”, “stressed”, “suspicious”, “trouble concentrating”, “preoccupied by thoughts”, “others dislike me”, “confused”, “others influence my thoughts” and “unusual sights and sounds”). We used a sparse PCA (SPCA) model to identify latent variables in the longitudinal data. SPCA has previously been applied to longitudinal ESM data, and was developed to achieve a compromise between the explained variance and the interpretability of the principal components. We then used a multistage exploratory and confirmatory differential time-varying effect model (DTVEM) to explore the temporal relationship between the latent variables. DTVEM generates a standardised β coefficient reflecting the strength of relationship between variables across multiple time lags. Only significant lags (p
Published: 2023
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6. Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry

Author: Jitendra PS. Sawhney, Veerappa A. Kothiwale, Vikas Bisne, Rajashekhar Durgaprasad, Praveen Jadhav, Manoj Chopda, Velam Vanajakshamma, Ramdhan Meena, Govindan Vijayaraghavan, Kamaldeep Chawla, Jagan Allu, Karen S. Pieper, A. John Camm, Ajay K. Kakkar, Jean-Pierre Bassand, David A. Fitzmaurice, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Shinya Goto, Sylvia Haas, Werner Hacke, Lorenzo G. Mantovani, Frank Misselwitz, Alexander G.G. Turpie, Martin van Eickels, Freek W.A. Verheugt, Gloria Kayani, Keith A.A. Fox, Bernard J. Gersh, Hector Lucas Luciardi, Harry Gibbs, Marianne Brodmann, Frank Cools, Antonio Carlos Pereira Barretto, Stuart J. Connolly, Alex Spyropoulos, John Eikelboom, Ramon Corbalan, Dayi Hu, Petr Jansky, Jørn Dalsgaard Nielsen, Hany Ragy, Pekka Raatikainen, Jean-Yves Le Heuzey, Harald Darius, Matyas Keltai, Sanjay Kakkar, Jitendra Pal Singh Sawhney, Giancarlo Agnelli, Giuseppe Ambrosio, Yukihiro Koretsune, Carlos Jerjes Sánchez Díaz, Hugo Ten Cate, Dan Atar, Janina Stepinska, Elizaveta Panchenko, Toon Wei Lim, Barry Jacobson, Seil Oh, Xavier Viñolas, Marten Rosenqvist, Jan Steffel, Pantep Angchaisuksiri, Ali Oto, Alex Parkhomenko, Wael Al Mahmeed, David Fitzmaurice, D.Y. Hu, K.N. Chen, Y.S. Zhao, H.Q. Zhang, J.Z. Chen, S.P. Cao, D.W. Wang, Y.J. Yang, W.H. Li, Y.H. Yin, G.Z. Tao, P. Yang, Y.M. Chen, S.H. He, Ying Wang, Yong Wang, G.S. Fu, X. Li, T.G. Wu, X.S. Cheng, X.W. Yan, R.P. Zhao, M.S. Chen, L.G. Xiong, P. Chen, Y. Jiao, Y. Guo, L. Xue, F.Z. Wang, H. Li, Z.M. Yang, C.L. Bai, J. Chen, J.Y. Chen, X. Chen, S. Feng, Q.H. Fu, X.J. Gao, W.N. Guo, R.H. He, X.A. He, X.S. Hu, X.F. Huang, B. Li, J. Li, L. Li, Y.H. Li, T.T. Liu, W.L. Liu, Y.Y. Liu, Z.C. Lu, X.L. Luo, T.Y. Ma, J.Q. Peng, X. Sheng, X.J. Shi, Y.H. Sun, G. Tian, K. Wang, L. Wang, R.N. Wu, Q. Xie, R.Y. Xu, J.S. Yang, L.L. Yang, Q. Yang, Y. Ye, H.Y. Yu, J.H. Yu, T. Yu, H. Zhai, Q. Zhan, G.S. Zhang, Q. Zhang, R. Zhang, Y. Zhang, W.Y. Zheng, B. Zhou, Z.H. Zhou, X.Y. Zhu, S. Kakkar, J.P.S. Sawhney, P. Jadhav, R. Durgaprasad, A.G. Ravi Shankar, R.K. Rajput, K. Bhargava, R. Sarma, A. Srinivas, D. Roy, U.M. Nagamalesh, M. Chopda, R. Kishore, G. Kulkarni, P. Chandwani, R.A. Pothiwala, M. Padinhare Purayil, S. Shah, K. Chawla, V.A. Kothiwale, B. Raghuraman, G. Vijayaraghavan, V.M. Vijan, G. Bantwal, V. Bisne, A. Khan, J.B. Gupta, S. Kumar, D. Jain, S. Abraham, D. Adak, A. Barai, H. Begum, P. Bhattacharjee, M. Dargude, D. Davies, B. Deshpande, P. Dhakrao, V. Dhyani, S. Duhan, M. Earath, A. Ganatra, S. Giradkar, V. Jain, R. Karthikeyan, L. Kasala, S. Kaur, S. Krishnappa, A. Lawande, B. Lokesh, N. Madarkar, R. Meena, P. More, D. Naik, K. Prashanth, M. Rao, N.M. Rao, N. Sadhu, D. Shah, M. Sharma, P. Shiva, S. Singhal, S. Suresh, V. Vanajakshamma, S.G. Panse, Y. Koretsune, S. Kanamori, K. Yamamoto, K. Kumagai, Y. Katsuda, K. Sadamatsu, F. Toyota, Y. Mizuno, I. Misumi, H. Noguchi, S. Ando, T. Suetsugu, M. Minamoto, Hiroshi Oda, K. Shiraishi, S. Adachi, K. Chiba, H. Norita, M. Tsuruta, T. Koyanagi, H. Ando, T. Higashi, K. Okada, S. Azakami, S. Komaki, K. Kumeda, T. Murayama, J. Matsumura, Y. Oba, R. Sonoda, K. Goto, K. Minoda, Y. Haraguchi, H. Suefuji, H. Miyagi, H. Kato, Tadashi Nakamura, Tsugihiro Nakamura, H. Nandate, R. Zaitsu, Yoshihisa Fujiura, A. Yoshimura, H. Numata, J. Ogawa, H. Tatematsu, Y. Kamogawa, K. Murakami, Y. Wakasa, M. Yamasawa, H. Maekawa, S. Abe, H. Kihara, S. Tsunoda, Katsumi Saito, Kazuyuki Saito, T. Fudo, K. Obunai, H. Tachibana, I. Oba, T. Kuwahata, S. Higa, M. Gushiken, T. Eto, H. Yoshida, D. Ikeda, Yoshitake Fujiura, M. Ishizawa, M. Nakatsuka, K. Murata, C. Ogurusu, M. Shimoyama, M. Akutsu, I. Takamura, F. Hoshino, N. Yokota, T. Iwao, K. Tsuchida, M. Takeuchi, Y. Hatori, Y. Kitami, Yoichi Nakamura, R. Oyama, M. Ageta, Hiroyuki Oda, Y. Go, K. Mishima, T. Unoki, S. Morii, Yuhei Shiga, H. Sumi, T. Nagatomo, K. Sanno, K. Fujisawa, Y. Atsuchi, T. Nagoshi, T. Seto, T. Tabuchi, M. Kameko, K. Nii, K. Oshiro, H. Takezawa, S. Nagano, N. Miyamoto, M. Iwaki, Yuichiro Nakamura, M. Fujii, M. Okawa, Masahiko Abe, Masatake Abe, Mitsunori Abe, T. Saito, T. Mito, K. Nagao, J. Minami, T. Mita, I. Sakuma, T. Taguchi, S. Marusaki, H. Doi, M. Tanaka, T. Fujito, M. Matsuta, T. Kusumoto, S. Kakinoki, K. Ashida, N. Yoshizawa, J. Agata, O. Arasaki, M. Manita, M. Ikemura, S. Fukuoka, H. Murakami, S. Matsukawa, Y. Hata, T. Taniguchi, T. Ko, H. Kubo, M. Imamaki, M. Akiyama, M. Inagaki, H. Odakura, T. Ueda, Y. Katsube, A. Nakata, H. Watanabe, M. Techigawara, M. Igarashi, K. Taga, T. Kimura, S. Tomimoto, M. Shibuya, M. Nakano, K. Ito, T. Seo, S. Hiramitsu, H. Hosokawa, M. Hoshiai, M. Hibino, K. Miyagawa, Hajime Horie, N. Sugishita, Yukio Shiga, A. Soma, K. Neya, Tetsuro Yoshida, Tomoki Yoshida, M. Mizuguchi, M. Ishiguro, T. Minagawa, M. Wada, H. Mukawa, F. Okuda, S. Nagasaka, Y. Abe, Sen Adachi, Susumu Adachi, T. Adachi, K. Akahane, T. Amano, K. Aoki, T. Aoyama, H. Arai, S. Arima, T. Arino, H. Asano, T. Asano, J. Azuma, T. Baba, T. Betsuyaku, H. Chibana, H. Date, J. Doiuchi, Y. Emura, M. Endo, Y. Fujii, R. Fujiki, A. Fujisawa, Y. Fujisawa, T. Fukuda, T. Fukui, N. Furukawa, T. Furukawa, W. Furumoto, T. Goto, M. Hamaoka, N. Hanazono, K. Hasegawa, T. Hatsuno, Y. Hayashi, K. Higuchi, K. Hirasawa, H. Hirayama, M. Hirose, S. Hirota, M. Honda, Hideki Horie, T. Ido, O. Iiji, H. Ikeda, K. Ikeda, K. Ikeoka, M. Imaizumi, H. Inaba, T. Inoue, F. Iseki, A. Ishihara, N. Ishioka, N. Ito, T. Iwase, H. Kakuda, J. Kamata, H. Kanai, H. Kanda, M. Kaneko, H. Kano, T. Kasai, T. Kato, Y. Kato, Y. Kawada, K. Kawai, K. Kawakami, S. Kawakami, T. Kawamoto, S. Kawano, J. Kim, T. Kira, H. Kitazawa, H. Kitazumi, T. Kito, T. Kobayashi, T. Koeda, J. Kojima, H. Komatsu, I. Komatsu, Y. Koshibu, T. Kotani, T. Kozuka, Y. Kumai, T. Kumazaki, I. Maeda, K. Maeda, Y. Maruyama, S. Matsui, K. Matsushita, Y. Matsuura, K. Mineoi, H. Mitsuhashi, N. Miura, S. Miyaguchi, S. Miyajima, H. Miyamoto, A. Miyashita, S. Miyata, I. Mizuguchi, A. Mizuno, T. Mori, O. Moriai, K. Morishita, O. Murai, Sho Nagai, Shunichi Nagai, E. Nagata, H. Nagata, A. Nakagomi, S. Nakahara, M. Nakamura, R. Nakamura, N. Nakanishi, T. Nakayama, R. Nakazato, T. Nanke, J. Nariyama, Y. Niijima, H. Niinuma, Y. Nishida, Y. Nishihata, K. Nishino, H. Nishioka, K. Nishizawa, I. Niwa, K. Nomura, S. Nomura, M. Nozoe, T. Ogawa, N. Ohara, M. Okada, K. Okamoto, H. Okita, M. Okuyama, H. Ono, T. Ono, Y. Onuki Pearce, S. Oriso, A. Ota, E. Otaki, Y. Saito, H. Sakai, N. Sakamoto, Y. Sakamoto, Y. Samejima, Y. Sasagawa, H. Sasaguri, A. Sasaki, T. Sasaki, Kazuki Sato, Kiyoharu Sato, M. Sawano, S. Seki, Y. Sekine, Y. Seta, K. Sezaki, N. Shibata, Y. Shiina, H. Shimono, Y. Shimoyama, T. Shindo, H. Shinohara, R. Shinohe, T. Shinozuka, T. Shirai, T. Shiraiwa, Y. Shozawa, T. Suga, C. Sugimoto, Kazuo Suzuki, Keita Suzuki, Shu Suzuki, Shunji Suzuki, Susumu Suzuki, Y. Suzuki, M. Tada, A. Taguchi, T. Takagi, Y. Takagi, K. Takahashi, S. Takahashi, H. Takai, C. Takanaka, S. Take, H. Takeda, K. Takei, K. Takenaka, T. Tana, G. Tanabe, K. Taya, H. Teragawa, S. Tohyo, S. Toru, Y. Tsuchiya, T. Tsuji, K. Tsuzaki, H. Uchiyama, O. Ueda, Y. Ueyama, N. Wakaki, T. Wakiyama, T. Washizuka, M. Watanabe, T. Yamada, T. Yamagishi, H. Yamaguchi, Kenichi Yamamoto, Kentaro Yamamoto, Kunihiko Yamamoto, T. Yamamoto, M. Yamaura, M. Yamazoe, K. Yasui, Y. Yokoyama, K. Yoshida, T.W. Lim, C.K. Ching, C.G. Foo, J.H. Chow, D.D. Chen, F.R. Jaufeerally, Y.M. Lee, G. Lim, W.T. Lim, S. Thng, S.Y. Yap, C. Yeo, S. Oh, H.N. Pak, J.-B. Kim, J.H. Kim, S.-W. Jang, D.H. Kim, D.R. Ryu, S.W. Park, D.-K. Kim, D.J. Choi, Y.S. Oh, M.-C. Cho, S.-H. Kim, H.-K. Jeon, D.-G. Shin, J.S. Park, H.K. Park, S.-J. Han, J.H. Sung, J.-G. Cho, G.-B. Nam, Y.K. On, H.E. Lim, J.J. Kwak, T.-J. Cha, T.J. Hong, S.H. Park, J.H. Yoon, N.-H. Kim, K.-S. Kim, B.C. Jung, G.-S. Hwang, C.-J. Kim, D.B. Kim, J.J. Ahn, H.J. An, H. Bae, A.L. Baek, W.J. Chi, E.A. Choi, E.H. Choi, H.K. Choi, H.S. Choi, S. Han, E.S. Heo, K.O. Her, S.W. Hwang, E.M. Jang, H.-S. Jang, S. Jang, H.-G. Jeon, S.R. Jeon, Y.R. Jeon, H.K. Jeong, I.-A. Jung, Hyeon Jeong Kim, Hyun Ju Kim, Ji Seon Kim, Jung Sook Kim, J.A. Kim, K.T. Kim, M.S. Kim, Sang Hee Kim, Sang Hyun Kim, Y.-I. Kim, C.S. Lee, E.H. Lee, G.H. Lee, H.Y. Lee, H.-Y. Lee, K.H. Lee, K.R. Lee, M.S. Lee, M.-Y. Lee, R.W. Lee, S.E. Lee, S.H. Lee, S. Lee, W.Y. Lee, I.K. Noh, A.R. Park, B.R. Park, H.N. Park, J.H. Park, M. Park, Y. Park, S.-Y. Seo, J. Shim, J.H. Sim, Y.M. Sohn, W.S. Son, Y.S. Son, H.J. Song, H.K. Wi, J.J. Woo, S. Ye, K.H. Yim, K.M. Yoo, E.J. Yoon, S.Y. Yun, P. Angchaisuksiri, S. Chawanadelert, P. Mongkolwongroj, K. Kanokphatcharakun, S. Cheewatanakornkul, T. Laksomya, S. Pattanaprichakul, T. Chantrarat, S. Rungaramsin, S. Silaruks, W. Wongcharoen, K. Siriwattana, K. Likittanasombat, P. Katekangplu, W. Boonyapisit, D. Cholsaringkarl, B. Chatlaong, P. Chattranukulchai, Y. Santanakorn, P. Hutayanon, P. Khunrong, T. Bunyapipat, S. Jai-Aue, P. Kaewsuwanna, P. Bamungpong, S. Gunaparn, S. Hongsuppinyo, R. Inphontan, R. Khattaroek, K. Khunkong, U. Kitmapawanont, C. Kongsin, B. Naratreekoon, S. Ninwaranon, J. Phangyota, A. Phrommintikul, P. Phunpinyosak, K. Pongmorakot, S. Poomiphol, N. Pornnimitthum, S. Pumprueg, S. Ratchasikaew, K. Sanit, K. Sawanyawisuth, B. Silaruks, R. Sirichai, A. Sriwichian, W. Suebjaksing, P. Sukklad, T. Suttana, A. Tangsirira, O. Thangpet, W. Tiyanon, Y. Vorasettakarnkij, T. Wisaratapong, W. Wongtheptien, A. Wutthimanop, S. Yawila, A. Oto, A. Altun, I. Ozdogru, K. Ozdemir, O. Yilmaz, A. Aydinlar, M.B. Yilmaz, E. Yeter, Z. Ongen, M. Cayli, H. Pekdemir, M. Ozdemir, M. Sucu, T. Sayin, M. Demir, H. 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Grässjö, S. Hahn, P. Jaensson, B. Jansson, J.-H. Jansson, R.-M. Kangert, A. Koch, D. Kusiak, A. Lettenström, A. Lindberg, C.-J. Lindholm, A. Mannermyr, K. Mansson, M. Millborg, C. Nilsson, A.-M. Ohlin, A. Olofsson, A. Osberg, A. Pedersen, K. Risbecker, K. Rosenberg, J. Samuelsson, M. Shayesteh, K. Skoglund, M. Stjernberg, C. Thorsen, J. Steffel, J.H. Beer, J. Debrunner, D. Amstutz, J. Bruegger, G. Elise, A. Grau, A. Guinand, I. Henriette, E. Saga, S. Winnik, A. Parkhomenko, I. Rudyk, V. Tseluyko, O. Karpenko, S. Zhurba, I. Kraiz, I. Kupnovytska, N. Serediuk, Y. Mostovoy, O. Ushakov, O. Koval, I. Kovalskyi, Y. Svyshchenko, O. Sychov, M. Stanislavchuk, O. Kraydashenko, A. Yagensky, S. Tykhonova, I. Fushtey, R. Belegai, G. Berko, L. Burdeuna, O. Chabanna, I. Daniuk, A. Ivanov, E. Kamenska, P. Kaplan, O. Khyzhnyak, S. Kizim, O. Matova, O. Medentseva, V. Mochonyi, M. Mospan, V. Nemtsova, T. Ovdiienko, O. Palamarchuk, M. Pavelko, R. Petrovskyy, D. Plevak, O. Proshak, S. Pyvovar, L. Rasputina, O. Romanenko, O. Romanova, A. Sapatyi, O. Shumakov, R. Stets, L. Todoriuk, V. Varenov, D. Fitzmaurice, N. Chauhan, D. Goodwin, P. Saunders, R. Evans, J. Leese, P.S. Jhittay, A. Ross, M.S. Kainth, G. Pickavance, J. McDonnell, A. Williams, T. Gooding, H. Wagner, S. Suryani, A. Singal, S. Sircar, R. Bilas, P. Hutchinson, A. Wakeman, M. Stokes, N. Paul, M. Aziz, C. Ramesh, P. Wilson, S. Franklin, S. Fairhead, J. Thompson, V. St Joseph, G. Taylor, D. Tragen, D. Seamark, C. Paul, M. Richardson, A. Jefferies, H. Sharp, H. Jones, C. Giles, M. Page, O. Oginni, J. Aldegather, S. Wetherwell, W. Lumb, P. Evans, F. Scouller, N. Macey, Y. Stipp, R. West, S. Thurston, P. Wadeson, J. Matthews, P. Pandya, A. Gallagher, T. Railton, B. Sinha, D. Russell, J.A. Davies, P. Ainsworth, C.P. Jones, P. Weeks, J. Eden, D. Kernick, W. Murdoch, L. Lumley, R.P. Patel, S.W. Wong, M. Saigol, K. Ladha, K. Douglas, D.F. Cumberlidge, C. Bradshaw, G. Van Zon, K.P. Jones, M.J. Thomas, E. Watson, B. Sarai, N. Ahmad, W. Willcock, J. Cairns, S. Sathananthan, N. de Kare-Silver, A. Gilliland, E. Strieder, A. Howitt, B. Vishwanathan, N. Bird, D. Gray, M. Clark, J. Bisatt, J. Litchfield, E. Fisher, T. Fooks, A.R. Kelsall, E. Alborough, J. Wakeling, M. Parfitt, K. Milne, S. Rogers, R. Priyadharshan, J.L. Oliver, E. Davies, S. Abushal, M. Jacobs, C. Hutton, N.I. Walls, R. Thompson, C. Chigbo, S.M.A. Zaidi, M. Howard, K.C. Butter, S. Barrow, H. Little, I.U. Haq, L. Gibbons, S. Glencross, A.J. McLeod, K. Poland, C. Mulholland, A. Warke, P. Conn, G. Burns, R.N. Smith, S. Lowe, R. Kamath, H.S. Dau, J. Webster, I. Hodgins, S. Vercoe, P.C. Roome, H. Pinnock, J.R.A. Patel, A. Ali, N. Hart, R. Davies, E. Stuart, C.A. Neden, M. Danielsen, R. Heath, P. Sharma, S. Galloway, C. Hawkins, R. Oliver, M. Aylward, S. Mannion, M. Braddick, D. Edwards, A.C. Rothwell, A. Sabir, F. Choudhary, S. Khalaque, A. Wilson, S. Peters, W. Coulson, N. Roberts, A. Heer, S. Coates, B. Ward, D. Jackson, S. Walton, D. Shepherd, M. Sterry, T. Wong, M. Boon, R. Bunney, R. Haria-Shah, R.T. Baron, S. Davies, T. Schatzberger, N. Hargreaves, T. Stephenson, H. Choi, R. Batson, L. Lucraft, T. Myhill, S. Estifano, D. Geatch, J. Wilkinson, R. Veale, K. Forshaw, T. Davies, K. Zaman, P. Vinson, C. Liley, M. Bandrapalli, P. McGinty, R. Wastling, P. McEleny, A. Beattie, P. Cooke, M. Wong, J. Gunasegaram, M. Pugsley, S. Ahmad, C. A'Court, J. Ayers, J. Bennett, S. Cartwright, S. Dobson, C. Dooldeniya, A. Flynn, R. Fox, J. Goram, A. Halpin, A. Hay, P. Jacobs, L. Jeffers, L. Lomax, I. Munro, R. Muvva, M. Nadaph, K. Powell, S. Randfield, D. Redpath, R. Reed, M. Rickenbach, G. Rogers, P.B. Saunders, C. Seamark, J. Shewring, P. Simmons, H. Simper, H. Stoddart, A. Sword, N. Thomas, A. Thomson, H. Gibbs, A. Blenkhorn, B. Singh, W. Van Gaal, W. Abhayaratna, R. Lehman, P. Roberts-Thomson, J. Kilian, D. Coulshed, A. Catanchin, D. Colquhoun, H. Kiat, D. Eccleston, J. French, L. Zimmett, B. Ayres, T. Phan, P. Blombery, D. Crimmins, D. O'Donnell, A. Choi, P. Astridge, M. Arstall, N. Jepson, M. Binnekamp, A. Lee, J. Rogers, G. Starmer, P. Carroll, J. Faunt, A. Aggarwala, L. Barry, C. Batta, R. Beveridge, A. Black, M. Bonner, J. Boys, E. Buckley, M. Campo, L. Carlton, A. Connelly, B. Conway, D. Cresp, H. Dimitri, S. Dixon, M. Dolman, M. Duroux, M. Eskandari, R. Eslick, A. Ferreira-Jardim, T. Fetahovic, D. Fitzpatrick, R. Geraghty, J. Gibbs, T. Grabek, M.H. Modi, K. Hayes, M.P. Hegde, L. Hesketh, B. Hoffmann, B. Jacobson, K. Johnson, C. Juergens, I. Kassam, V. Lawlor, M. Lehman, S. Lehman, D. Leung, S. Mackay, M. MacKenzie, C. McCarthy, C. McIntosh, L. McKeon, H. Morrison, C. Mussap, J.-D. Myers, V. Nagalingam, G. Oldfield, V. O'May, J. Palmer, L. Parsons, K. Patching, T. Patching, V. Paul, M. Plotz, S. Preston, H. Rashad, M. Ratcliffe, S. Raynes, J. Rose, L. Sanders, M. Seremetkoska, H. Setio, S. Shone, P. Shrestha, C. Singh, C. Singleton, N. Stoyanov, S. Sutcliffe, K. Swaraj, J. Tarrant, S. Thompson, I.M. Tsay, M. Vorster, A. Waldman, L. Wallis, E. Wilford, K. Wong, S.J. Connolly, A. Spyropoulos, J. Eikelboom, R. Luton, M. Gupta, A.S. Pandey, S. Cheung, R. Leader, P. Beaudry, F. Ayala-Paredes, J. Berlingieri, J. Heath, G. Poirier, M. Du Preez, R. Nadeau, G. Dresser, R. Dhillon, T. Hruczkowski, B. Schweitzer, B. Coutu, P. Angaran, P. MacDonald, S. Vizel, S. Fikry, R. Parkash, A. Lavoie, J. Cha, B. Ramjattan, J. Bonet, K. Ahmad, L. Aro, T. Aves, K. Beaudry, C. Bergeron, J. Bigcanoe, N. Bignell, L. Breakwell, E. Burke, L. Carroll, B. Clarke, T. Cleveland, S. Daheb, P. Dehghani, I. Denis, Z. Djaidani, P. Dorian, S. Douglass, J. Dunnigan, A. Ewert, D. Farquhar, A. Fearon, L. Ferleyko, D. Fournier, B. Fox, M.-C. Grenier, W. Gulliver, K. Haveman, C. Hines, K. Hines, A.M. Jackson, C. Jean, G. Jethoo, R. Kahlon, S. Kelly, R. Kim, V. Korley, J. Kornder, L. Kwan, J. Largy, C. Lewis, S. Lewis, I. Mangat, R. Moor, J. Navratil, I. Neas, J. Otis, R. Otis, M. Pandey, F. Petrie, A. Pinter, M. Raines, P. Roberts, M. Robinson, G. Sas, S. Schulman, L. Snell, S. Spearson, J. Stevenson, T. Trahey, S. Wong, D. Wright, H. Ragy, A. Abd El-Aziz, S.K. Abou Seif, M.G. El Din, S. El Etriby, A. Elbahry, A. El-Etreby, M. Elkhadem, A. Katta, T. Khairy, A. Mowafy, M. Nawar, A. Ohanissian, A. Reda, M. Reda, H. Salem, N. Sami, S. Samir, M. Setiha, M. Sobhy, A. Soliman, N. Taha, M. Tawfik, E. Zaatout, D. Kettles, J. Bayat, H. Siebert, A. Horak, Y. Kelfkens, R. Garda, T. Pillay, M. Guerra, L. van Zyl, H. Theron, A. Murray, R. Louw, D. Greyling, P. Mntla, V. Ueckermann, R. Loghdey, S. Ismail, F. Ahmed, J. Engelbrecht, A. Ramdass, S. Maharajh, W. Oosthuysen, G. Angel, C. Bester, M. Booysen, C. Boshoff, C. Cannon, S. Cassimjee, C. Chami, G. Conway, A. Davids, L. de Meyer, G. Du Plessis, T. Ellis, L. Henley, M. Karsten, E. Loyd, J. Marks, L. Mavhusa, M. Mostert, A. Page, L. Rikhotso, M. Salie, J. Sasto, F. Shaik, A. Skein, L. Smith, G. Tarr, T. Tau, F. van Zyl, W. Al Mahmeed, G. Yousef, A. Agrawal, M. Nathani, M. Ibrahim, E.M. Esheiba, R. Singh, A. Naguib, M. Abu-Mahfouz, M. Al Omairi, A. Al Naeemi, R. Maruthanayagam, N. Bazargani, A. Wassef, R. Gupta, M. Khan, B. Subbaraman, A. Abdul, A. Al Mulla, S. El Bardisy, P. Haridas, S. Jadhav, K. Magdaluyo, M. Makdad, I. Maqsood, R. Mohamed, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, M. Thanzeel, S.Z. Goldhaber, R. Canosa, P. Rama, E. Blumberg, J. Garcia, P. Mullen, V. Wilson, A. Quick, K. Ferrick, W.M. Kutayli, M. Cox, M. Franco, S. Falkowski, R. Mendelson, M. Williams, S. Miller, S. Beach, A. Alfieri, T. Gutowski, I. Haque, R. Reddy, W. Ahmed, P. Delafontaine, D. Diercks, D. Theodoro, K. Remmel, M. Alberts, R. Ison, H. Noveck, P. Duffy, S. Pitta, D. Nishijima, C. Treasure, N. Asafu-Adjaye, K. Ball, M. Bartlett, M. Bentley, S. Bowers, A. Brown, A. Browne, J. Cameron-Watts, M. Canova, D. Cassidy, K. Cervellione, S. Congal, J. DePauw, A. Dickerson, M. Eley, L. Evans, S. Felpel, K. Ferdinand, D. Fielder, P. Gentry, A. Haideri, F. Hakimi, T. Harbour, E. Hartranft, B. Hawkins, M. Headlee, L. Henson, C. Herrick, T. Hicks, S. Jasinski, A. Jones, L. Jones, P. Jones, S. Karl, M. Keeling, J. Kerr, P. Knowles, J. Langdon, M. Lay, J.A. Lee, T. Lincoln, E. Malone, A. Merliss, D. Merritt, J. Minardo, B. Mooso, C. Orosco, V. Palumbo, M. Parker, T. Parrott, S. Paserchia, G. Pearl, J. Peterson, N. Pickelsimer, T. Purcell, J. Raynor, S. Raziano, C. Richard, T. Richardson, C. Robertson, A. Sage, T. Sanghera, P. Shaw, J. Shoemaker, K. Smith, B. Stephanie, A. Thatcher, H. Theobald, N. Thompson, L. Treasure, T. Tripti, C. Verdi, and V. Worthy
Subjects: Surgery, RD1-811, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Background: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD–Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. Methods and results: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012–2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P
Published: 2018
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7. Variability in phase and amplitude of diurnal rhythms is related to variation of mood in bipolar and borderline personality disorder

Author: O. Carr, K. E. A. Saunders, A. Tsanas, A. C. Bilderbeck, N. Palmius, J. R. Geddes, R. Foster, G. M. Goodwin, and M. De Vos
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Variable mood is an important feature of psychiatric disorders. However, its measurement and relationship to objective measureas of physiology and behaviour have rarely been studied. Smart-phones facilitate continuous personalized prospective monitoring of subjective experience and behavioural and physiological signals can be measured through wearable devices. Such passive data streams allow novel estimates of diurnal variability. Phase and amplitude of diurnal rhythms were quantified using new techniques that fitted sinusoids to heart rate (HR) and acceleration signals. We investigated mood and diurnal variation for four days in 20 outpatients with bipolar disorder (BD), 14 with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and 20 healthy controls (HC) using a smart-phone app, portable electrocardiogram (ECG), and actigraphy. Variability in negative affect, positive affect, and irritability was elevated in patient groups compared with HC. The study demonstrated convincing associations between variability in subjective mood and objective variability in diurnal physiology. For BPD there was a pattern of positive correlations between mood variability and variation in activity, sleep and HR. The findings suggest BPD is linked more than currently believed with a disorder of diurnal rhythm; in both BPD and BD reducing the variability of sleep phase may be a way to reduce variability of subjective mood.
Published: 2018
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8. PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPACT OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE rpoB MUTATION

Author: M. Grobbelaar, S. L. Sampson, M. de Vos, G. E. Louw, P. D. van Helden, A. Van Rie, and R. M. Warren
Subjects: Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Published: 2018
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9. EMERGENCE OF BEDAQUILINE RESISTANCE AFTER COMPLETION OF BEDAQUILINE-BASED DRUGRESISTANT TB TREATMENT: A CASE STUDY FROM SOUTH AFRICA

Author: M. de Vos, S. Ley, B. Derendinger, A. Dippenaar, M. Grobbelaar, A. Reuter, J. Daniels, S. Burns, G. Theron, J. Posey, R. Warren, and H. Cox
Subjects: Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Published: 2018
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10. Enteric and serological distribution of serotonin and its precursor tryptophan in perinatal low and normal weight piglets

Author: S.A. Willemen, L. Che, S. Dewilde, M.L. Van Hauwaert, M. De Vos, V. Huygelen, E. Fransen, B.R. Tambuyzer, C. Casteleyn, S. Van Cruchten, and C. Van Ginneken
Subjects: low birth weight, pig, serotonin, serum, small intestine, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract: Perinatal mortality is high among small-for-gestational age (SGA) piglets and continues to be an economic burden and threat to animal welfare. As the physiological role of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) in perinatal development and gastrointestinal function in the pig remains unknown, the aim of this study was to assess the enteric distribution of 5-HT cells and to determine 5-HT together with its precursor tryptophan in the serum of perinatal normal and SGA piglets. For this purpose, proximal and distal parts of the small intestine (SI) were processed for immunohistochemical analysis to assess the presence of 5-HT endocrine cells. Serum 5-HT was measured with ELISA, whereas its precursor, that is, the free fraction of tryptophan (FFT) together with albumin-bound tryptophan and total tryptophan, were analysed with HPLC in postnatal piglets. In addition, the morphological growth patterns of the different intestinal tissue layers of both normal and SGA piglets were stereologically analysed. The stereological volume density of 5-HT enteroendocrine cells showed a significant interaction effect between age and region. Indeed, the amount of 5-HT cells in both the proximal and distal part of the SI tended to decrease according to age, with the lowest values detected at day 3 postpartum. No differences could be observed related to BW. Interestingly, the serum concentration of 5-HT was higher in normal piglets compared with SGA piglets. Moreover, the ratio of FFT to total tryptophan was significantly affected by age and BW. Normal piglets had, on average, a lower FFT/total tryptophan ratio compared with SGA piglets. An approximate linear decrease was observed with increasing age. Finally, the immaturity of the intestinal system of the SGA piglets was not reflected in altered volume densities of the different intestinal layers. To conclude, although no BW effect could be detected in the distribution of enteric 5-HT cells, serum 5-HT and the ratio of FFT to total tryptophan ratio showed significant differences between normal piglets and their SGA littermates.
Published: 2014
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11. WHOLE GENOME SEQUENCING SHEDS LIGHT ON THE TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS OF A MULTIDRUG RESISTANT MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS OUTBREAK OVER 23 YEARS IN A HIGH INCIDENCE SETTING

Author: A. Dippenaar, R. M. Warren, M. de Vos, T. Heupink, A. van Rie, C. Clarke, J. Posey, S. L. Sampson, and E. M. Streicher
Subjects: Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Published: 2018
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12. Ghrelin in the gastrointestinal tract and blood circulation of perinatal low and normal weight piglets

Author: S.A. Willemen, M. De Vos, V. Huygelen, E. Fransen, B.R. Tambuyzer, C. Casteleyn, S. Van Cruchten, and C. Van Ginneken
Subjects: ghrelin, gastrointestinal system, low birth weight, perinatal period, pig, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract: Ghrelin, the ‘hunger’ hormone, is an endogenous growth hormone secretagogue that exerts a wide range of physiological functions. Its perinatal presence suggests that ghrelin might be involved in growth and metabolism processes during intrauterine and postnatal life. Intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) neonates have altered endocrine and metabolic pathways because of malnutrition during foetal development. These changes might include an altered gastrointestinal presence of ghrelin cells (GCs). As ghrelin is mainly secreted by the stomach, this altered presence might be reflected in its serum concentrations. Small-for-gestational age (SGA) pigs appear to be a natural occurring model for IUGR children. Therefore, the first aim of this study was to investigate the presence of gastrointestinal GCs expressing active ghrelin in normal weight (NW) foetal and postnatal piglets compared with their SGA littermates using immunohistochemical analysis in combination with stereological methods. Second, total ghrelin serum concentrations of these piglets were analysed with a porcine radioactive immunoassay. In addition, the growth of the gastric pars fundica in the NW and SGA piglets was analysed stereologically. Corresponding with humans and rats, it was shown that opened- and closed-type immunoreactive GCs are distributed along the entire gastrointestinal tract of the perinatal NW and SGA piglets. However, in contrast to the rat’s stomach, the porcine GCs do not disperse from the glandular base to the glandular neck during perinatal development. Furthermore, stereological analysis demonstrated that the NW neonates have a higher amount of gastric cells expressing active ghrelin compared with the SGA piglets that could result in higher milk consumption during the neonatal period. This finding is, however, not reflected in total serum ghrelin levels, which showed no difference between the NW and SGA piglets. Moreover, the stereological volume densities of the fundic layers demonstrate a similar growth pattern in the SGA and NW piglets.
Published: 2013
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13. Acute Pancreatitis Complicated with Choledochal Duct Rupture

Author: M. Bouvry, K. Van Renterghem, A. Verrijckt, P. Smeets, V. Meersschaut, S. Vande Velde, R. De Bruyne, M. De Vos, M. Van Winckel, and S. Van Biervliet
Subjects: Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract: Recurrent acute pancreatitis is a rare clinical entity in childhood with unknown incidence (Rosendahl et al., 2007) and often occurring in a familial context. Genetic factors such as PRSS1 mutations (cationic trypsinogen gene) can be found in some patients. However, many remain idiopathic. The natural history remains poorly documented and the most frequent complications reported are pain, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma after long-standing hereditary pancreatitis. We describe a patient with hereditary pancreatitis in whom a mild pancreatitis episode was complicated by a perforation of the ductus choledochus.
Published: 2011
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14. Successful Primary Treatment of a Hydatidiform Mole with Methotrexate and EMA/CO

Author: M. De Vos, M. Leunen, C. Fontaine, and Ph. De Sutter
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Background. The preferred treatment method of most hydatidiform moles is suction aspiration. In rare circumstances uterine abnormalities may preclude surgical treatment. Case. We report a case of complete molar pregnancy successfully treated with methotrexate followed by EMA/CO. A 38-year-old woman with a complete hydatidiform mole and multiple uterine fibroids underwent a failed attempt at suction aspiration. Following treatment with methotrexate, a nonmetastatic persistent trophoblastic tumour developed. Six cycles of EMA/CO led to complete remission. Conclusion. We propose that primary treatment of molar pregnancies with chemotherapy is a useful treatment option in cases where uterine abnormalities interfere with suction aspiration.
Published: 2009
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15. Evaluation &validation of a highly multiplexed LATE-PCR single-tube assay for M(X)DR-TB

Author: M. de Vos, J. Rice, L. Rice, B. Kreishwirth, N. Kurepina, E.M. Streicher, R.M. Warren, P.D. van Helden, and L. Wangh
Subjects: Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Published: 2014
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16. Early-life gut microbiota associates with allergic rhinitis during 13-year follow-up in a Finnish probiotic intervention cohort

Author: Kallio, Sampo, primary, Jian, Ching, additional, Korpela, Katri, additional, Kukkonen, Anna Kaarina, additional, Salonen, Anne, additional, Savilahti, Erkki, additional, Kuitunen, Mikael, additional, and M. de Vos, Willem, additional
Published: 2024
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17. Effects of Concentration Polarization and Membrane Orientation on the Treatment of Naproxen by Sulfate Radical-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes within Nanofiltration Membranes with a Catalytic Support

Author: Tao Wang, Joris de Grooth, and Wiebe M. de Vos
Subjects: General Chemical Engineering, General Chemistry, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Published: 2023
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18. Control over Charge Density by Tuning the Polyelectrolyte Type and Monomer Ratio in Saloplastic-Based Ion-Exchange Membranes

Author: Ameya Krishna B, Wiebe M. de Vos, and Saskia Lindhoud
Subjects: Electrochemistry, General Materials Science, Surfaces and Interfaces, Condensed Matter Physics, Spectroscopy
Published: 2023
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19. Scalable Fabrication of Reversible Antifouling Block Copolymer Coatings via Adsorption Strategies

Author: Anna M. C. Maan, Chantal N. Graafsma, Anton H. Hofman, Théophile Pelras, Wiebe M. de Vos, and Marleen Kamperman
Subjects: General Materials Science
Published: 2023
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20. Inter- and intra-island speciation and their morphological and ecological correlates in Aeonium (Crassulaceae), a species-rich Macaronesian radiation

Author: Thibaud F E Messerschmid, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Ángel Bañares-Baudet, Miguel A Brilhante, Urs Eggli, Philipp Hühn, Joachim W Kadereit, Patrícia dos Santos, Jurriaan M de Vos, and Gudrun Kadereit
Subjects: Plant Science
Abstract: Background and Aims The most species-rich and ecologically diverse plant radiation on the Canary Islands is the Aeonium alliance (Crassulaceae). In island radiations like this, speciation can take place either within islands or following dispersal between islands. Aiming at quantifying intra- and inter-island speciation events in the evolution of Aeonium, and exploring their consequences, we hypothesized that (1) intra-island diversification resulted in stronger ecological divergence of sister lineages, and that (2) taxa on islands with a longer history of habitation by Aeonium show stronger ecological differentiation and produce fewer natural hybrids. Methods We studied the biogeographical and ecological setting of diversification processes in Aeonium with a fully sampled and dated phylogeny inferred using a ddRADseq approach. Ancestral areas and biogeographical events were reconstructed in BioGeoBEARS. Eleven morphological characters and three habitat characteristics were taken into account to quantify the morphological and ecological divergence between sister lineages. A co-occurrence matrix of all Aeonium taxa is presented to assess the spatial separation of taxa on each island. Key Results We found intra- and inter-island diversification events in almost equal numbers. In lineages that diversified within single islands, morphological and ecological divergence was more pronounced than in lineages derived from inter-island diversification, but only the difference in morphological divergence was significant. Those islands with the longest history of habitation by Aeonium had the lowest percentages of co-occurring and hybridizing taxon pairs compared with islands where Aeonium arrived later. Conclusions Our findings illustrate the importance of both inter- and intra-island speciation, the latter of which is potentially sympatric speciation. Speciation on the same island entailed significantly higher levels of morphological divergence compared with inter-island speciation, but ecological divergence was not significantly different. Longer periods of shared island habitation resulted in the evolution of a higher degree of spatial separation and stronger reproductive barriers.
Published: 2023
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21. Preparation of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose–Chitosan Complex Membranes through Sustainable Aqueous Phase Separation

Author: Lijie Li, Muhammad Irshad Baig, Wiebe M. de Vos, and Saskia Lindhoud
Subjects: Polymers and Plastics, Process Chemistry and Technology, Organic Chemistry
Published: 2023
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22. Does the dose or type of gonadotropins affect the reproductive outcomes of poor responders undergoing modified natural cycle IVF (MNC-IVF)?

Author: P, Drakopoulos, F, Di Guardo, L, Boudry, S, Mackens, M, De Vos, G, Verheyen, H, Tournaye, C, Blockeel, Centre for Reproductive Medicine - Gynaecology, Clinical sciences, Reproductive immunology and implantation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, UZB Other, Biology of the Testis, and Reproduction and Genetics
Subjects: Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Ovulation Induction, Pregnancy Rate, Reproductive Medicine, Pregnancy, Humans, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Female, Fertilization in Vitro, Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Gonadotropins, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Does the dose or type of gonadotropin affect the reproductive outcomes of poor responders undergoing IVF in a modified natural cycle (MNC-IVF)? STUDY DESIGN: This is a retrospective cohort study including patients attending a tertiary referral University Hospital from 1st January 2017 until 1st March 2020. All predicted poor responders (Poseidon groups 3 and 4) who underwent MNC-IVF in our center were included. Mild ovarian stimulation (rFSH/uFSH/hp-hMG) was started when a follicle with a mean diameter of 12-14 mm was observed on ultrasound scan; GnRH antagonist was added from the next day onwards. Mature oocytes were inseminated using ICSI. RESULTS: In total 484 patients undergoing 1398 cycles were included. Mean (SD) age and serum AMH were 38.2 (3.7) years and 0.28 (0.26) ng/ml, respectively. The daily dose of gonadotropins was either
Published: 2022
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23. Characteristics of chest pain in COVID-19 patients in the emergency department

Author: M. Sinkeldam, A. G. Buenen, E. Celiker, M. van Diepen, and A. M. de Vos
Subjects: Data Science, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: Introduction Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can present with chest pain. However, the characteristics of this chest pain are unknown. We performed a single-centre observational study to review and summarise chest pain characteristics in COVID-19 patients at first presentation to the emergency department (ED). Methods We collected data on characteristics of ‘chest pain’ reported by COVID-19 patients who attended the ED of Bernhoven Hospital, the Netherlands from 4 through 30 March 2020. Results We included 497 COVID-19 patients, of whom 83 (17%) reported chest pain upon presentation to the ED. Chest pain characteristics were: present since disease onset (88%), retrosternal location (43%), experienced as compressing/pressure pain (61%), no radiation (61%) and linked to heavy coughing (39%). Patients who reported chest pain were younger than those without chest pain (61 vs 73 years; p p = 0.017), had a shorter duration of symptoms (5 vs 7 days; p p p = 0.013), experienced fewer respiratory complaints (72% vs 89%; p = 0.012) and more frequently had a history of cardiovascular disease (79% vs 50%; p = 0.003) than patients who presented without arrythmias. Conclusion Chest pain and other cardiac symptoms were frequently observed in COVID-19 patients. Treating physicians should be aware that chest pain, arrhythmias and syncope can be presenting symptoms of COVID-19.
Published: 2022
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24. Inhibition caused by adsorption of organic micropollutants (MPs) on PES@CoFe2O4 polymeric ultrafiltration membranes and the enhanced MPs degradation by a continuous pH regulation

Author: Tao Wang, Jimmy A. Faria Albanese, Wiebe M. de Vos, Joris de Grooth, MESA+ Institute, Membrane Science & Technology, and Catalytic Processes and Materials
Subjects: Catalytic membranes, pH, 2023 OA procedure, Filtration and Separation, Micropollutants, Analytical Chemistry, Sulfate radicals
Abstract: In this work, catalytic membranes were fabricated by blending CoFe2O4 catalysts into polyethersulfone (PES) and then used to treat naproxen with the addition of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). It was found that the addition of PMS results in a decrease in pH, which increases the adsorption of naproxen. This often overlooked phenomenon is demonstrated here to have an important role since the adsorption of naproxen on the polymeric matrix and catalytic particles decreases the degradation efficiency of naproxen. To verify this hypothesis and rule out the decrease in pH after the addition of pH, two ways of controlling the pH of the naproxen solution were compared: adjusting pH before and after the addition of PMS, respectively. Our results indicate that in the batch experiment, adjusting the pH of naproxen solution after adding PMS led to a dramatic 23-fold increase in the kinetic constant of the naproxen oxidation (0.42/min, pH6) compared to when pH was adjusted before adding PMS (0.018/min, pH 6). This enhancement in the overall kinetics was attributed to the elimination of the inhibition caused by MPs adsorption at low pH. In a dead-end cell, the catalytic membranes with 2.0 % of CoFe2O4 achieved quantitative conversion of naproxen, bisphenol A, and atrazine, with values of 98 %, 97 %, and 74 %, respectively, demonstrating the efficacy of this approach to convert multitype of MPs in wastewater streams. In a reusability study, the naproxen removal of the catalytic membranes with 2.0 % of CoFe2O4 decreased by 81 % and 45 % after 5 rounds in the batch experiment and dead-end cell, respectively. However, with a chemical cleaning process between each round, the degradation efficiency can be effectively recovered, proving the negative effects of the adsorption of MPs or their intermediates during the SR-AOPs. Our work demonstrates that pH in SR-AOP-based catalytic membrane processes determined both the reaction rate and the adsorption of MPs or their intermediates on the membrane and its reactive sites. We envision that these results will be valuable in developing efficient catalytic membranes for the treatment of MPs in wastewater streams.
Published: 2023

25. Theory of oil fouling for microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes in produced water treatment

Author: Ettore Virga, Robert W. Field, P.M. Biesheuvel, Wiebe M. de Vos, MESA+ Institute, and Membrane Science & Technology
Subjects: Membrane fouling, UT-Hybrid-D, Ultrafiltration, Membranes, Artificial, Fouling modelling, H800, Water Purification, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Biomaterials, Surface-Active Agents, Produced water treatment, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, O/W emulsion, Filtration
Abstract: Due to the complexity of oil-in-water emulsions, the existing literature is still missing a mathematical tool that can describe membrane fouling in a fully quantitative manner on the basis of relevant fouling mechanisms.\ud \ud Hypothesis\ud In this work, a quantitative model that successfully describes cake layer formation and pore blocking is presented. We propose that the degree of pore blocking is determined by the membrane contact angle and the resulting surface coverage, while the cake layer is described by a mass balance and a cake erosion flux.\ud \ud Validation\ud The model is validated by comparison to experimental data from previous works (Dickhout et al. 2019; Virga et al., 2020) where membrane type, surfactant type and salinity were varied. Most input parameters could be directly taken from the experimental conditions, while four fitting parameters were required.\ud \ud Findings\ud The experimental data can be well described by the model which was developed to provide insight into the dominant fouling mechanisms. Moreover, where existing models usually assume that pore blocking precedes cake layer formation, here we find that cake layer formation can start and occur while the degree of pore blocking is still increasing, in line with the more dynamic nature of oil droplets filtration. These new conceptual advances in the field of colloid and interface science open up new pathways for membrane fouling understanding, prevention and control.
Published: 2022
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26. No One Could Say: Accessing Emergency Obstetrics Information as a Prospective Prenatal Patient in Post-Roe Oklahoma

Author: Tamya Cox-Toure, Tamya Cox-Toure, Payal Shah, William Jaffe, Rabia Muqaddam, Risa Kaufman, Nimra J. Chowdhry, Priya Desai, Christian M. De Vos, Michele Heisler, Tamya Cox-Toure, Tamya Cox-Toure, Payal Shah, William Jaffe, Rabia Muqaddam, Risa Kaufman, Nimra J. Chowdhry, Priya Desai, Christian M. De Vos, and Michele Heisler
Abstract: This report by the Center for Reproductive Rights, Physicians for Human Rights, and Oklahoma Call for Reproductive Justice raises concerns about pregnant patients' ability to access life-saving obstetric care in states where abortion is banned.
Published: 2023

27. Supplementary material to 'Characterization of Gas and Particle Emissions from Open Burning of Household Solid Waste'

Author: Xiaoliang Wang, Hatef Firouzkouhi, Judith C. Chow, John G. Watson, Warren Carter, and Alexandra S. M. De Vos
Published: 2023
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28. Characterization of Gas and Particle Emissions from Open Burning of Household Solid Waste

Author: Xiaoliang Wang, Hatef Firouzkouhi, Judith C. Chow, John G. Watson, Warren Carter, and Alexandra S. M. De Vos
Abstract: Open burning of household and municipal solid waste is a common practice in many developing countries. Due to limited resources for collection and proper disposal, solid waste is often disposed of in neighborhoods and open burned in piles to reduce odors and create space for incoming waste. Emissions from these ground-level and low-temperature burns cause air pollution, leading to adverse health effects among community residents. This study conducted laboratory combustion experiments to characterize gas and particle emissions from ten waste categories representative of those burned in South Africa: paper, leather/rubber, textiles, plastic bottles, plastic bags, vegetation (with three different moisture content levels), food discards, and combined materials. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) were measured in real-time to calculate modified combustion efficiencies (MCE). MCE is used along with video observations to determine fuel-based emission factors (EFs) during flaming and smoldering phases as well as the entire combustion process. Fuel elemental composition and moisture content have strong influences on emissions. Plastic bags have the highest carbon content and the highest combustion efficiency, leading to the highest EFs for CO2. Textiles have the highest nitrogen and sulfur contents, resulting in the highest EFs for nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). Emissions are similar for vegetation with 0 % and 20 % moisture contents; however, EFs for CO and particulate matter (PM) from the vegetation with 50 % moisture content are 3 and 30 times, respectively, emissions from 0 % and 20 % moisture contents. This study also shows that neglecting carbon in the ash and PM can lead to significant overestimation of EFs. Results from this study are applicable to emission inventory improvements as well as air quality management to assess the health and climate effects of household waste open burning.
Published: 2023
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29. Impact of Artificial Intelligence Over-Reading for Instant Feedback on Quality of Home Spirometry

Author: B. Cuyvers, P. Desbordes, E. Topole, S. Biondaro, I. Montagna, S. Corre, M. De Vos, and M. Topalovic
Published: 2023
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30. How Many Lung Function Interpretations Can an Expert Make in One Hour Based on the 2021 ERS/ATS Guidelines?

Author: M. Topalovic, M. De Vos, J. Maes, J. Kaspers, N. Stachowicz, and P. Desbordes
Published: 2023
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31. Identifying Responder Subgroups for Exacerbations Using Machine Learning in the Impact Trial

Author: K. Verstraete, I. Gyselinck, H. Huts, M. Staes, M. De Vos, and W. Janssens
Published: 2023
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32. Phylogeny and phenotypic adjustments drive functional traits in Rhododendron across elevations in its diversity hot-spot in W-China

Author: Jin-Mei Liu, Jurriaan M. de Vos, Christian Körner, and Yang Yang
Subjects: Plant Science, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Published: 2023
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33. Early‐life environment and the risk of eczema at 2 years—Meta‐analyses of six Finnish birth cohorts

Author: Minna Lukkarinen, Pirkka V. Kirjavainen, Katri Backman, Carlos Gonzales‐Inca, Brandon Hickman, Sampo Kallio, Hasse Karlsson, Linnea Karlsson, Leea Keski‐Nisula, Laura S. Korhonen, Katri Korpela, Mikael Kuitunen, Anna Kaarina Kukkonen, Niina Käyhkö, Hanna Lagström, Heikki Lukkarinen, Ville Peltola, Jaana Pentti, Anne Salonen, Erkki Savilahti, Pauli Tuoresmäki, Martin Täubel, Jussi Vahtera, Willem M. de Vos, Juha Pekkanen, and Anne M. Karvonen
Subjects: Immunology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Immunology and Allergy
Published: 2023
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34. Validation of Baveno VI and Expanded-Baveno VI Criteria for predicting gastroesophageal varices in patients with alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Author: M, Pizzamiglio, A, Weicker, C, de Terwangne, J, Henrion, O S, Descamps, and M, De Vos
Subjects: Liver Cirrhosis, Varicose Veins, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Platelet Count, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Humans, Esophageal and Gastric Varices, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: Background and aims: Baveno VI and Expanded-Baveno VI Criteria were validated to rule out high-risk esophageal varices (HRV) and to prevent unneeded endoscopies in compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) mainly related to viral hepatitis. We aim to assess these criteria to rule out low- and high- risk varices in patients with cACLD secondary to alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and non- alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from 2016 to 2020. Inclusion criteria were: NAFLD and /or ALD related cACLD, a liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥ 10 kPa and an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) within 12 months. Exclusion criteria were: use of non cardioselective β-blockers, hepatic decompensation, previous variceal bleeding, portal thrombosis, liver cancer, or liver transplant. Results: One hundred and ninety-four patients were included in this study. Eighty-one patients (42%) met Baveno VI criteria and 103 (53%) met Expanded-Baveno VI criteria. Baveno VI criteria yielded a high negative predictive value (NPV ≥ 95%) for detecting HRV and varices of any size. Expanded-Baveno VI criteria yielded a high NPV ≥ 95% only for detecting HRV: the miss rate for varices of any size was 8%. Expanded-Baveno VI criteria could avoid more endoscopies than the original Baveno VI criteria to rule out HRV (53% versus 42%). Conclusion: In this study, both criteria showed high NPV to rule out HRV but only original Baveno VI criteria yielded a satisfactory high NPV to rule out varices of any size. Expanded-Baveno VI criteria could avoid more endoscopies to exclude HRV.
Published: 2022
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35. Biocatalytic membranes through aqueous phase separation

Author: Jéré J. van Lente, M. Irshad Baig, Wiebe M. de Vos, Saskia Lindhoud, Molecular Nanofabrication, Membrane Science & Technology, and MESA+ Institute
Subjects: Polymers, Lysozyme, UT-Hybrid-D, Ultrafiltration, Membranes, Artificial, Biocatalytic membrane(s), Aqueous phase separation, Polyelectrolytes, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Polyelectrolyte complex(es), Biomaterials, Enzyme(s), Colloid and Surface Chemistry, Muramidase, Membrane(s), Polyelectrolyte(s)
Abstract: Hypothesis: Test Polymer membranes play a critical role in water treatment, chemical industry, and medicine. Unfortunately, the current standard for polymer membrane production requires unsustainable and harmful organic solvents. Aqueous phase separation (APS) has recently been proposed as a method to produce membranes in a more sustainable manner through induced polyelectrolyte complexation in aqueous solutions. Experiments: We demonstrate that APS has another natural advantage that goes beyond sustainability: the easy incorporation of enzymes in the membrane structure. Biocatalytic membranes hold great promise in for example biorefinery, but the most common current post-production processes to immobilize enzymes on the membrane surface are complicated and expensive. Findings: In this study we demonstrated the first biocatalytic membrane produced via APS. We demonstrate an easy procedure to incorporate lysozyme in polyelectrolyte complex membranes made via APS. Our functionalized membranes have the same structure, water permeability (in the range of high nanofiltration, low ultrafiltration), and retention as membranes without lysozyme. Lysozyme is antibacterial by catalysing the hydrolysis of specific peptidoglycan bonds in bacteria walls. We demonstrate that the functionalized membranes are also capable of catalysing this reaction. The membranes remain enzymatically active for a period of at least one week. This opens new routes to produce polymer membranes with added biological function.
Published: 2022
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36. Cumulative live birth rate after ovarian stimulation with freeze-all in women with polycystic ovaries: does the polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype have an impact?

Author: H. Tournaye, M. F. Moeykens, Christophe Blockeel, M. De Vos, Liese Boudry, L. Mostinckx, P. Drakopoulos, Ingrid Segers, Shari Mackens, Centre for Reproductive Medicine - Gynaecology, Surgical clinical sciences, Reproductive immunology and implantation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, UZB Other, Biology of the Testis, Reproduction and Genetics, and Follicle Biology
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pregnancy Rate, media_common.quotation_subject, Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, Context (language use), Fertilization in Vitro, Logistic regression, Ovulation Induction, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Birth Rate, Ovulation, Retrospective Studies, media_common, Gynecology, business.industry, Confounding, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Polycystic ovary, Phenotype, Reproductive Medicine, Female, Hyperandrogenism, business, Live birth, Live Birth, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Developmental Biology
Abstract: Research question Do cumulative live birth rates (CLBR) differ between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypes when a freeze-all strategy is used to prevent ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) after ovarian stimulation (OS)? Design This is a single-centre, retrospective cohort study including 422 women with PCOS as defined by Rotterdam criteria or with PCO-like ovarian morphology-only (PCOM) in whom, between January 2015 and December 2019, a freeze-all strategy was applied after GnRH agonist triggering in the context of hyper-response defined as ≥18 follicles of ≥11 mm in their first or second IVF/ICSI cycle in a tertiary referral hospital. The primary outcome was CLBR resulting from the transfer of all cryopreserved embryos from the same IVF/ICSI cycle. Analysis was performed by multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusting for confounders. Results In total, 91/422 (21.6%) patients had PCOS phenotype A (hyperandrogenism + ovulation disorder + PCOM = HOP), 33/422 (7.8%) had phenotype C (hyperandrogenism + PCOM = HP), 161/422 (38.2%) had phenotype D (ovulation disorder + PCOM = OP) and 137/422 (32.5%) had PCOM. Unadjusted CLBR was similar among the groups (69.2%, 69.7%, 79.5% and 67.9%, respectively; p= 0.11). The multivariate logistic regression model adjusting for age, BMI, number of oocytes, fertilization rate and embryo stage at vitrification confirmed that the PCOS/PCOM phenotype did not have any impact on CLBR [OR 0.72, CI 0.24-2.14 (phenotype C); OR 1.55, CI 0.71-3.36 (phenotype D); OR 0.84, CI 0.39-1.83 (PCOM); p= 0.2, with phenotype A as reference]. Conclusions In subfertile women with PCOS eligible for ART, hyper-response after OS confers excellent cumulative live birth rates of ∼70%, irrespective of the phenotype, when a freeze-all strategy is used. This contrasts with the unfavourable clinical outcomes that have previously been observed in hyperandrogenic PCOS women who underwent mild OS targeting normal ovarian response and fresh embryo transfer. The data should however be interpreted with caution as the retrospective nature of the study holds the possibility of unmeasured confounding factors. The results cannot be generalized to all ART cycles in women with polycystic ovaries as they pertain to those cycles in which hyper-response is observed after OS.
Published: 2022
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37. Toxicological safety evaluation of live Anaerobutyricum soehngenii strain CH106

Author: Sonja Brosel, Jos F. M. L. Seegers, Claudia Donath, Gudrun Schreib, Ismail Sahin Gül, Stijn Hofkens, Willem M. de Vos, and Jara Brenke
Subjects: Male, safety, subchronic toxicity, Butyrate, 010501 environmental sciences, Gut flora, Pharmacology, Toxicology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Anaerobutyricum soehngenii, microbiota, Animals, Medicine, Adverse effect, Feces, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, VLAG, Clostridiales, 0303 health sciences, WIMEK, beneficial microorganism, biology, Mutagenicity Tests, business.industry, Probiotics, Toxicity Tests, Subchronic, genotoxicity, BacGen, biology.organism_classification, In vitro, food ingredient, Rats, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, 3. Good health, Toxicity, Micronucleus test, Female, business, Genotoxicity
Abstract: The gut commensal Anaerobutyricum soehngenii is an anaerobe that can produce both propionate and butyrate, metabolites that have been shown to have a positive effect on gut and overall health. Murine and human dose finding studies have shown that oral intake of A. soehngenii has a positive influence on peripheral insulin resistance, thereby reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes. A recent human intervention provided support for the mode of action of A. soehngenii as it affected gene expression in the duodenum, stimulated the secretion of GLP-1 and improved insulin sensitivity. For these reasons A. soehngenii has been proposed as a food ingredient. Before introducing this bacterium to the food chain, however, it must be established that oral intake of live A. soehngenii bacteria does not pose any health risk. As part of the safety analysis of A. soehngenii strain CH106, we performed genotoxicity assays to determine its mutagenic potential (bacterial reverse mutation and in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus tests) and a 90-day subchronic toxicity study in rats to determine overall toxicity potential. The results of both genotoxicity studies were negative, showing no genotoxic effects. For the 90-day subchronic toxicity study, no adverse events were registered that could be attributed to the feeding with A. soehngenii strain CH106. Even at the highest dose, which exceeds the expected daily human intake more than 100-fold, no adverse events were observed. These result support the conclusion that the use of A. soehngenii strain CH106 as a food ingredient is safe.
Published: 2022
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38. OP28 A randomized placebo controlled clinical trial with 5-hydroxytryptophan in patients with quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease and fatigue (Trp-IBD)

Author: M Truyens, T Lobaton, A Peeters, M Ferrante, S Vermeire, P Bossuyt, L Pouillon, P Dewint, A Cremer, H Peeters, G Lambrecht, E Louis, J F Rahier, O Dewit, V Muls, T Holvoet, L Vandermeulen, G B Gonzales, D Laukens, and M De Vos
Subjects: Gastroenterology, General Medicine
Abstract: Background Fatigue is highly prevalent in patients with IBD independent of the disease status but treatment options remain limited. A potential mediator in the pathophysiology of fatigue is tryptophan (Trp), a precursor of serotonin. Recently, reduced serum Trp levels have been linked to fatigue in patients with clinically and endoscopically inactive IBD. The aim of the current study was to determine the effect of oral 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), the direct precursor of serotonin, supplementation on fatigue in patients with inactive IBD. Methods This multicentre, randomized, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled trial included fatigued patients with IBD in clinical and biochemical remission (CRP Results A total of 166 patients were included in 13 Belgian centres between December 2018 and November 2020 (baseline characteristics: Table 1). The dropout rate was 10.8%. The evolution of the fVAS throughout the study was comparable between both study groups and no difference was observed in fVAS reduction between placebo and 5-HTP (Figure 1). The proportion of patients reaching ≥20% reduction in fVAS did not differ between placebo (37.6%) and 5-HTP (35.6%) (p=0.830). The evolution of the other scores for fatigue, depression, anxiety and stress were also similar between placebo and 5-HTP (Table 2). A significant increase in 5-HTP and serotonin serum levels was observed during 5-HTP treatment compared to placebo; whereas serum levels of Trp and kynurenine were comparable. Globally, changes in fVAS were not associated with changes in those metabolites (Figure 2). Adverse events (AEs) were seen in 29.2% and 34.8% of patients under treatment with placebo and 5-HTP respectively (p=0.282). Conclusion Despite a significant increase in serum 5-HTP and serotonin levels by oral treatment with 5-HTP, 5-HTP did not modulate IBD-related fatigue. Furthermore, treatment with 5-HTP had no impact on depression, anxiety and stress scores.
Published: 2022
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39. Comparative genomics and proteomics of Eubacterium maltosivorans : functional identification of trimethylamine methyltransferases and bacterial microcompartments in a human intestinal bacterium with a versatile lifestyle

Author: Yuan Feng, Thi Phuong Nam Bui, Alfons J. M. Stams, Sjef Boeren, Irene Sánchez‐Andrea, Willem M. de Vos, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Willem Meindert Vos de / Principal Investigator, de Vos & Salonen group, HUMI - Human Microbiome Research, and Universidade do Minho
Subjects: HUMAN COLON, Proteomics, Biochemie, METABOLISM, LACTATE, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Methylamines, BUTYRATE, Microbiologie, Life Science, Humans, LIMOSUM, Life Style, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 11832 Microbiology and virology, Science & Technology, Eubacterium, GUT MICROBIOTA, MicPhys, BacGen, Methyltransferases, L-CARNITINE, PROPIONATE, CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS, GROWTH
Abstract: Summary Eubacterium maltosivorans YIT is a human intestinal isolate capable of acetogenic, propionogenic and butyrogenic growth. Its 4.3-Mb genome sequence contains coding sequences for 4227 proteins, including 41 different methyltransferases. Comparative proteomics of strain YIT showed the WoodLjungdahl pathway proteins to be actively produced during homoacetogenic growth on H2 and CO2 while butyrogenic growth on a mixture of lactate and acetate significantly upregulated the production of proteins encoded by the recently identified lctABCDEF cluster and accessory proteins. Growth on H2 and CO2 unexpectedly induced the production of two related trimethylamine methyltransferases. Moreover, a set of 16 different trimethylamine methyltransferases together with proteins for bacterial microcompartments were produced during growth and deamination of the quaternary amines, betaine, carnitine and choline. Growth of strain YIT on 1,2-propanediol generated propionate with propanol and induced the formation of bacterial microcompartments that were also prominently visible in betaine-grown cells. The present study demonstrates that E. maltosivorans is highly versatile in converting low-energy fermentation end-products in the human gut into butyrate and propionate whilst being capable of preventing the formation of the undesired trimethylamine by converting betaine and other quaternary amines in bacterial microcompartments into acetate and butyrate., This work was supported by the SIAM Gravitation Grant 024.002.002 of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2022
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40. Figure S3. from Fecal Microbiota Transplantation from Overweight or Obese Donors in Cachectic Patients with Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Study

Author: Max Nieuwdorp, Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven, Willem M. de Vos, A.K. Groen, Henrik B. Nielsen, Helle K. Pedersen, Mark Davids, Robert Hemke, Andrei Prodan, Tom van den Ende, and Nicolien C. de Clercq
Abstract: Donor engraftment of species.
Published: 2023
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41. Supplemental Tables 1-4 from Fecal Microbiota Transplantation from Overweight or Obese Donors in Cachectic Patients with Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Study

Author: Max Nieuwdorp, Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven, Willem M. de Vos, A.K. Groen, Henrik B. Nielsen, Helle K. Pedersen, Mark Davids, Robert Hemke, Andrei Prodan, Tom van den Ende, and Nicolien C. de Clercq
Abstract: Supplemental Tables 1-4
Published: 2023
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42. Data from Fecal Microbiota Transplantation from Overweight or Obese Donors in Cachectic Patients with Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Study

Author: Max Nieuwdorp, Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven, Willem M. de Vos, A.K. Groen, Henrik B. Nielsen, Helle K. Pedersen, Mark Davids, Robert Hemke, Andrei Prodan, Tom van den Ende, and Nicolien C. de Clercq
Abstract: Purpose:Cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome, associated with poor survival in patients with cancer, and is influenced by the gut microbiota. We investigated the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on cachexia and treatment response in patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer.Experimental Design:In a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial performed in the Amsterdam University Medical Center, we assigned 24 cachectic patients with metastatic HER2-negative gastroesophageal cancer to either allogenic FMT (healthy obese donor) or autologous FMT, prior to palliative chemotherapy (capecitabine and oxaliplatin). Primary objective was to assess the effect of allogenic FMT on satiety. Secondary outcomes were other features of cachexia, along with disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and toxicity. Finally, exploratory analyses were performed on the effect of FMT on gut microbiota composition (metagenomic sequencing) and metabolites (untargeted metabolomics).Results:Allogenic FMT did not improve any of the cachexia outcomes. Patients in the allogenic group (n = 12) had a higher DCR at 12 weeks (P = 0.035) compared with the autologous group (n = 12), longer median OS of 365 versus 227 days [HR = 0.38; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.14–1.05; P = 0.057] and PFS of 204 versus 93 days (HR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.21–1.20; P = 0.092). Patients in the allogenic group showed a significant shift in fecal microbiota composition after FMT (P = 0.010) indicating proper engraftment of the donor microbiota.Conclusions:FMT from a healthy obese donor prior to first-line chemotherapy did not affect cachexia, but may have improved response and survival in patients with metastatic gastroesophageal cancer. These results provide a rational for larger FMT trials.
Published: 2023
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43. Supplemental Materials from Fecal Microbiota Transplantation from Overweight or Obese Donors in Cachectic Patients with Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Study

Author: Max Nieuwdorp, Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven, Willem M. de Vos, A.K. Groen, Henrik B. Nielsen, Helle K. Pedersen, Mark Davids, Robert Hemke, Andrei Prodan, Tom van den Ende, and Nicolien C. de Clercq
Abstract: Supplemental Materials
Published: 2023
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44. Hollow fiber nanofiltration: From lab-scale research to full-scale applications

Author: Wendy A. Jonkers, Emile R. Cornelissen, Wiebe M. de Vos, Membrane Science & Technology, and MESA+ Institute
Subjects: CROSS-LINKING, Process parameters, FLUX ENHANCEMENT, Commercial, modules, INTERFACIAL, FABRICATION, UT-Hybrid-D, Filtration and Separation, Commercial modules, DIRECT CAPILLARY NANOFILTRATION, Full-scale applications, Biochemistry, Chemistry, POLYMERIZATION, ORGANIC-MATTER, HEAVY-METALS, WASTE-WATER, MEMBRANE MODULE, GRAPHENE OXIDE, General Materials Science, Hollow fiber nanofiltration, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Membrane development
Abstract: This review provides a comprehensive overview on the quickly developing field of polymeric hollow fiber (HF) nanofiltration (NF), including membrane (module) and process design, operational parameters, and full-scale applications. Six different methods are currently used to produce HF NF membranes: phase inversion, interfacial polymerization, grafting, coating, polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEM) and chemistry in a spinneret. While all methods have their strengths and weaknesses, several PEM based membranes stand out because of their high chemical stability. This combination of geometry and chemical stability can make HF NF a sustainable alternative to spiral wound NF. This is especially the case for applications with a high fouling load where, in contrast to spiral wound NF, HF NF typically does not require an intensive pre-treatment. In academic settings, experiments are typically done in small modules with single-component feeds. Several studies showed that it is important, but not always straightforward, to correlate these lab scale results to full scale performance. Indeed, process design parameters such as crossflow velocity and staging partly determine energy consumption and retention and need to be taken into account. Partly based on these insights and developments, in the last five years commercial HF NF modules have rapidly become available. At least 59 pilot-scale and 26 full-scale HF NF plants are currently in operation or under construction, mostly focusing on water treatment. A comparison between these plants shows that HF NF can be applied for a broad range of applications with excellent scalability, highlighting the growth potential for HF NF in the coming years.
Published: 2023

45. A macroevolutionary role for chromosomal fusion and fission inErebiabutterflies

Author: Hannah Augustijnen, Livio Bätscher, Martin Cesanek, Tinatin Chkhartishvili, Vlad Dincă, Giorgi Iankoshvili, Kota Ogawa, Roger Vila, Seraina Klopfstein, Jurriaan M. de Vos, and Kay Lucek
Abstract: The impact of large-scale chromosomal rearrangements, such as fusions and fissions, on speciation is a long-standing conundrum. We assessed whether bursts of change in chromosome numbers resulting from chromosomal fusion and fission are related to increased speciation rates inErebia, one of the most species-rich and karyotypically variable butterfly groups. We established a genome-based phylogeny and employed state-dependent birth-death models to infer trajectories of karyotype evolution across this genus. We demonstrated that rates of anagenetic chromosomal changes (i.e. along phylogenetic branches) exceed cladogenetic changes (i. e. at speciation events), but when cladogenetic changes occur, they are mostly associated with chromosomal fissions rather than fusions. Moreover, we found that the relative importance of fusion and fission differs amongErebiaclades of different ages, where especially in younger, more karyotypically diverse clades, speciation is more frequently associated with chromosomal changes. Overall, our results imply that chromosomal fusions and fissions have contrasting macroevolutionary roles and that large-scale chromosomal rearrangements are associated with bursts of species diversification.
Published: 2023
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46. Quantitative Fecal Microbiota Profiles Relate to Therapy Response During Induction With Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha Antagonist Infliximab in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Author: Miikka Höyhtyä, Katri Korpela, Schahzad Saqib, Sofia Junkkari, Eija Nissilä, Anne Nikkonen, Evgenia Dikareva, Anne Salonen, Willem M de Vos, Kaija-Leena Kolho, University of Helsinki, Faculty Common Matters (Faculty of Medicine), HUMI - Human Microbiome Research, Research Programs Unit, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Children's Hospital, HUS Children and Adolescents, Faculty Common Matters (Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences), Clinicum, de Vos & Salonen group, Willem Meindert Vos de / Principal Investigator, Tampere University, Department of Paediatrics, and Clinical Medicine
Subjects: RISK, WIMEK, Gastroenterology, BacGen, 3121 Internal medicine, CALPROTECTIN, Crohn's disease, children, 3123 Gynaecology and paediatrics, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Life Science, VLAG, ulcerative colitis, ASSOCIATIONS
Abstract: Background The role of intestinal microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases is intensively researched. Pediatric studies on the relation between microbiota and treatment response are sparse. We aimed to determine whether absolute abundances of gut microbes characterize the response to infliximab induction in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Methods We recruited pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease introduced to infliximab at Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki. Stool samples were collected at 0, 2, and 6 weeks for microbiota and calprotectin analyses. We defined treatment response as fecal calprotectin value Results At baseline, the intestinal microbiota in the treatment responsive group (n = 10) showed a higher absolute abundance of Bifidobacteriales and a lower absolute abundance of Actinomycetales than nonresponders (n = 19). The level of inflammation according to fecal calprotectin showed no statistically significant association with the absolute abundances of fecal microbiota. The results on relative abundances differed from the absolute abundances. At the genus level, the responders had an increased relative abundance of Anaerosporobacter but a reduced relative abundance of Parasutterella at baseline. Conclusions High absolute abundance of Bifidobacteriales in the gut microbiota of pediatric patients reflects anti-inflammatory characteristics associated with rapid response to therapy. This warrants further studies on whether modification of pretreatment microbiota might improve the outcomes.
Published: 2023

47. Polyphenols as Drivers of a Homeostatic Gut Microecology and Immuno-Metabolic Traits of Akkermansia muciniphila : From Mouse to Man

Author: Maria Carolina Rodríguez Daza and Willem M De Vos
Subjects: WIMEK, gut microbiota, Organic Chemistry, AhR, phenolic metabolites, BacGen, General Medicine, Catalysis, Computer Science Applications, Inorganic Chemistry, IL-22, polyphenol degraders, MolEco, ecological niche, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, Spectroscopy, polyphenols, VLAG, Akkermansia muciniphila
Abstract: Akkermansia muciniphila is a mucosal symbiont considered a gut microbial marker in healthy individuals, as its relative abundance is significantly reduced in subjects with gut inflammation and metabolic disturbances. Dietary polyphenols can distinctly stimulate the relative abundance of A. muciniphila, contributing to the attenuation of several diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, inflammatory bowel diseases, and liver damage. However, mechanistic insight into how polyphenols stimulate A. muciniphila or its activity is limited. This review focuses on dietary interventions in rodents and humans and in vitro studies using different phenolic classes. We provide critical insights with respect to potential mechanisms explaining the effects of polyphenols affecting A. muciniphila. Anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, flavanones, stilbenes, and phenolic acids are shown to increase relative A. muciniphila levels in vivo, whereas lignans exert the opposite effect. Clinical trials show consistent findings, and high intervariability relying on the gut microbiota composition at the baseline and the presence of multiple polyphenol degraders appear to be cardinal determinants in inducing A. muciniphila and associated benefits by polyphenol intake. Polyphenols signal to the AhR receptor and impact the relative abundance of A. muciniphila in a direct and indirect fashion, resulting in the restoration of intestinal epithelial integrity and homeostatic crosstalk with the gut microbiota by affecting IL-22 production. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that A. muciniphila participates in the initial hydrolysis of some polyphenols but does not participate in their complete metabolism. In conclusion, the consumption of polyphenol-rich foods targeting A. muciniphila as a pivotal intermediary represents a promising precision nutritional therapy to prevent and attenuate metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
Published: 2023
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48. Sources of Gut Microbiota Variation in a Large Longitudinal Finnish Infant Cohort

Author: Roosa Jokela, Alise Jany Ponsero, Evgenia Dikareva, Xiaodong Wei, Kaija-Leena Kolho, Katri Korpela, Willem M. de Vos, and Anne Salonen
Published: 2023
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49. Metabolic And Nutritional Profile Of Underweight Women In An Assisted Reproductive Technology (Art) Setting

Author: J. Geers, E. Darici, L. Collin, M. Vanmeerbeek, B. Jimenez Garcia, L. Froyen, S. Mackens, M. De Vos, C. Blockeel, and E. De Waele
Subjects: Nutrition and Dietetics, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Published: 2023
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50. Metabolic And Nutritional Profile Of Obese Women In An Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Setting

Author: J. Geers, L. Collin, M. Vanmeerbeek, B. Jimenez Garcia, L. Froyen, S. Mackens, M. De Vos, C. Blockeel, and E. De Waele
Subjects: Nutrition and Dietetics, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Published: 2023
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