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The widespread use and implementation of selective laser melting (SLM) technology entails active development in this area, especially for parts with complex internal circuits used in aircraft manufacturing. In this technology, a continuous laser source is usually used as a radiation source. Along with all the advantages, this technology has a number of detrimental features and disadvantages that can be avoided by using a pulsed laser. In this study, the AISI 316L steel was selected as the powder. The possibility of creating tracks by pulsed selective laser melting was examined with a focus on determining the parameters that had the highest impact on the process of object formation. The analysis of the experimental studies carried out by this method showed that the main parameters affecting the track size were the pulse duration and instantaneous radiation energy. The calculated mathematical model made it possible to establish the basic dependences and present the optimal range of parameters to achieve the predicted processing result.

The presented analytical preview considers the main approaches to the relationship between dissociation, trauma and self-harm. This relationship is functionally complex and depends on many variables. In regards to trauma dissociation and self-harm are (1) defense mechanisms, activating to traumatic cues; (2) destructive pathological self-regulatory modes. Meantime functional links between dissociation and self-harm reveal two tendencies: anti-dissociation (regaining control) and dissociation-inducing (rejecting one’s feelings). Dissociation is widely considered a mediator between trauma and self-harm. At the same time psychological mechanisms, such as emotion regulation and body rejection, exert significant influence on pathological post-traumatic development. We discuss the psychopathological aspects of the links between trauma, dissociation and self-harm in borderline personality and eating disorders. We also take note of the gender- and age-related peculiarities of these issues.

The characteristic of the forwarding company is given, which is able to provide the client-cargo owner with a reduction in costs in the transport component of the price of goods. The object of the study is: the market of freight forwarding services. The objectives of the research, based on the methods of analysis and synthesis are research and analysis of the current state of the issue of interaction between the customer and the forwarder in the logistics market; determination of requirements for the forwarding company and determination of approaches to solving the problem of reducing the transport costs of the customer-cargo owner.

Aim: to obtain clinical data on the use of probiotic drugs in infants with functional gastrointesti-nal disorders (FGIDs). Patients and Methods: a retrospective cohort study was conducted on the basis of 7 medical in-stitutions in Moscow. Database of 502 case histories of children with diagnosed disorders of in-testinal microbiocenosis was formed. The children were divided into three groups depending on the probiotic agents and other medications for GI: group 1 — medications containing up to two probiotic strains in a composition; group 2 — medications containing more than two probiotic strains in a composition; group 3 — other medications for symptomatic treatment of FGIDs. Results: 259 case histories of infants were included in the study to analyze the data of the group with FGIDs. The ratio of boys and girls was 50%. In infants on artificial nutrition, the duration of the main symptoms (abdominal pain, flatulence, diarrhea, and changes in stool consistency) was significantly longer (p=0.0002). There was the lowest indicator of the symptoms’ maximum duration in the group of symptomatic treatment for GI without probiotic products. At the same time, the symptoms’ duration in this group differed from multicomponent probiotic medications (p=0.0031), but did not differ from the group of single- and two-component drugs (p=0.15). Adding that, there was a tendency to have differences between single- and two-component drugs and multicomponent ones (p=0.08). Conclusion: multicomponent probiotic medications do not always have the predominance over the single-component. It is necessary to provide a more rational approach to the targeted probi-otic therapy prescription with a possible preference for single-component drugs to avoid a num-ber of effects associated with the multicomponent probiotics use, such as antigenic load on the gastrointestinal mucosa, competitive interaction of strains. KEYWORDS: probiotics, functional gastrointestinal disorders, baby colic, retrospective study. FOR CITATION: Blokhin B.M., Prokhorova A.D., Lobushkova I.P. et al. Pharmacoepidemiology of the probiotics use in infants . Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2020;3(4):309–317. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2020-3-4-309-318.

Among the methods of additive technologies, coaxial laser melting, i.e. direct metal deposition (DMD), is quite widespread. Essentially, this process is about creating objects by sequentially deposing layers of powder and melting them due to their simultaneous supply through a nozzle with focusing of laser radiation into the processing zone. Various powders are used as materials for this technology, the powders being selected depending on the tasks and final characteristics. One of the promising directions for implementation is the creation of complex structures from copper alloys for aircraft construction. Despite the fairly widespread use of this technology in relation to copper alloys, in particular bronzes, there is a small amount of data and research for this technology. The purpose of this study was to understand the process of forming the materials when grown by the DMD method. For this purpose, the fusion of bronzes with a steel substrate was investigated; special aspects were revealed, which made it possible to pose the second task - the study of fusion of bronzes with a copper substrate. As a result, the microstructure of the samples was considered and their micro-hardness was measured.