Search

Soil is a main component of the terrestrial ecosystem, and soil carbon research is significant in the carbon cycle and global change. Using the geochemical survey data from Poyang Lake in Jiangxi province and the surrounding economic zone multi-target regional, the total carbon and organic carbon from the surface, middle and deep soil in research area was studied and the organic carbon reserves and organic carbon density distribution characteristics analyzed. The results indicate that the overall carbon in the study area consists mainly of organic carbon. The reserve of organic carbon is 138 million tons and organic carbon density is 3512 t/km2 in the surface soil (0-0.2 m), 439 million tons and 11156 t/km2 in the middle soil (0-1.0 m) and 614 hundred million tons and 15617 t/km2 in the deep soil (0-1.8 m). Compared with the national agricultural geological survey data, organic carbon density of surface soil in the study area is 10.86% higher than that of the national agricultural geology survey, however, organic carbon density of middle and deep soil is close to the results of national agricultural geology. It shows that the research area has huge reserves of organic carbon. Further studies were conducted to uncover the distribution and the distribution characteristics of organic carbon in soil by using the organic carbon density and organic carbon reserves for different soil types, different land utilization types, different geomorphic units and different administrative units. Research results suggest that each layers of soil possesses the same organic carbon density spatial distribution characteristics, which is closely related to the geological background and the vegetation coverage. A high value area of carbon density is located in hilly areas and mountainous regions, such as the paleozoic carbonaceous rock and coal strata from the north of Fengcheng City, the south of Gaoan City and the surrounding of Leping City. The highest organic carbon density occurred in the topsoil of Leping city. Low organic carbon density is located in lake and river valley areas. The results of this study provide reliable data for studying the carbon cycle and carbon emissions in the Jiangxi countryside.

Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) is the primary treatment for ischemic stroke. However, rtPA treatment can substantially increase blood‐brain barrier (BBB) permeability and susceptibility to hemorrhagic transformation. Herein, the mechanism underlying the side effects of rtPA treatment is investigated and demonstrated that ferroptosis plays an important role. The ferroptosis inhibitor, liproxstatin‐1 (Lip) is proposed to alleviate the side effects. A well‐designed macrocyclic carrier, glucose‐modified azocalix[4]arene (GluAC4A), is prepared to deliver Lip to the ischemic site. GluAC4A bound tightly to Lip and markedly improved its solubility. Glucose, modified at the upper rim of GluAC4A, imparts BBB targeting to the drug delivery system owing to the presence of glucose transporter 1 on the BBB surface. The responsiveness of GluAC4A to hypoxia due to the presence of azo groups enabled the targeted release of Lip at the ischemic site. GluAC4A successfully improved drug accumulation in the brain, and Lip@GluAC4A significantly reduced ferroptosis, BBB leakage, and neurological deficits induced by rtPA in vivo. These findings deepen the understanding of the side effects of rtPA treatment and provide a novel strategy for their effective mitigation, which is of great significance for the treatment and prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The radial growth of trees in alpine timberline is particularly sensitive to climate change. We sampled and disposed tree-ring cores of three coniferous tree species including Juniperus saltuaria , Abies forrestii , and Larix potaninii at alpine timberline in Yading Nature Reserve. The standard tree-ring chronology was used to explore the response of radial growth of different timberline species to climate change. The results showed that radial growth of L. potaninii increased after 2000, while that of A. forrestii declined after 2002, and J. saltuaria showed a significant decreasing growth trend in the past 10 years. Such results indicated divergent growth responses to climate factors among the three tree species at alpine timberline. The radial growth of J. saltuaria was sensitive to temperature, and was positively correlated with the minimum temperature from previous October to current August, the mean tempera-ture from previous November to current April and from current July to October, but was negatively associated with the relative humidity from current July to October. The radial growth of A. forrestii showed negative correlation with mean temperature and the maximum temperature from May to June in the current year, while it exhibited positive association with the relative humidity and the Palmer drought severity index from May to June in the current year. L. potaninii radial growth was positively associated with mean temperature and the maximum temperature of November-December in the previous year, the maximum temperature of current March and mean temperature of current August. The temporal stability of climate-growth relationship varied among different timberline species. The positive correlation between radial growth of A. forrestii and J. saltuaria and temperature gradually decreased, while the posi-tive relationship of L. potaninii radial growth and temperature gradually increased. Under the background of climate warming, rapid rise in surface air temperatures may promote the radial growth of L. potaninii , while inhibit that of J. saltuaria and A. forrestii , which may change the position of regional timberline.

Objective: To obtain recombinant antigen for development of anti-HEV ELISA kit and vaccine against hepatitis E virus infection., Methods: A 492 base cDNA was collected from 5-terminus of open reading frame 2 (ORF2) among epidemic hepatitis E virus (HEV) isolated from Xinjiang, Western China. The fragment was digested with BamH I and EcoR I, and inserted into vector pGEX-4T-3 which was also digested by the same enzyme. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into E.coli TG-1 and the fusion protein expressed was confirmed by Western blot analysis using serum of a patient with hepatitis E., Results: The recombinant plasmid was identified and confirmed with enzyme digestion, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing, respectively. A protein band of about 46 kDa was demonstrated by SDS-PAGE and designated GST-pORF2. The result of Western blot analysis suggested that the fusion protein reacted with anti-HEV positive sera at a dilution of 1:100., Conclusion: The recombinant protein GST-pORF2 may be useful in developing anti-HEV ELISA kit and vaccine against hepatitis E virus infection.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between HLA class II molecules and the different outcome of viral hepatitis B., Methods: Thirty patients with chronic hepatitis B and 56 subjects who had spontaneously recovered from HBV infection in Zhejiang were enrolled in this investigation. HLA class II molecules types and alleles were determined by PCR-ssp., Results: HLA-DR12 was found in 21 of the 56 subjects (38%) recovered from hepatitis B, compared to 3 of the 30 patients with chronic hepatitis B [10%, relative risk (rr), 0.19; Pcorr<0.025]. The frequency of the allele of HLA-DR12 DRB1*1201 was higher in the subjects recovered from hepatitis B infection (32%) than in the patients with chronic hepatitis B (3%; rr, 0.07; Pcorr<0.005). On the contrary, more HLA-DR9 was detected in the patients with chronic hepatitis B (43%) than in the subjects who recovered from hepatitis B infection (18%; rr, 3.52; Pcorr<0.025). HLA-DQ9 was also detected with a higher frequency in the patients with chronic hepatitis B (43%) than in the subjects who recovered from hepatitis B (20%; rr, 3.13; Pcorr<0.05)., Conclusions: The HLA class II molecule DR12 and its allele DRB1*1201 are associated with protection against chronic hepatitis B in Zhejiang Province, China. HLA-DR9 and DQ9 are associated with chronicity of HBV infection.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the sequence of gene for encoding beta-lactamase produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae E3 isolated from Jiaxing Area in Zhejiang Province. METHODS The Klebsiella pneumoniae strain E3 was identified as an ESBLs-producing bacterium by inhibitor-potentiated broth dilution test. The gene encoding gamma-lactamase of the strain was amplified by PCR. The purified PCR product was cloned and sequenced by Sanger's dideoxy chain termination composition method. RESULTS The Klebsiella pneumoniae strain E3 produced both TEM and SHV gamma lactamases. The SHV encoding gene had 812 nucleotide residues responsible for encoding SHV-11 gamma-lactamase and the TEM encoding gene had 973 nucleotide residues responsible for encoding TEM-1 gamma-lactamase. CONCLUSION The Klebsiella pneumoniae strain E3 isolated from a patient in Jiaxing Area in Zhejiang Province is able to produce both TEM-1 and SHV-11 gamma-lactamases.