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5. Building a feral future: open questions in crop ferality

Author

Mabry, Makenzie E., Bagavathiannan, Muthukumar V., Bullock, James M., Wang, Hongru, Caicedo, Ana L., Dabney, Clemon J., Drummond, Emily B.M., Frawley, Emma, Gressel, Jonathan, Husband, Brian C., Lawton‐Rauh, Amy, Maggioni, Lorenzo, Olsen, Kenneth M., Pandolfo, Claudio, Pires, J. Chris, Pisias, Michael T., Razifard, Hamid, Soltis, Douglas E., Soltis, Pamela S., Tillería, Sofía, Ureta, Soledad, Warschefsky, Emily, McAlvay, Alex C., Mabry, Makenzie E., Bagavathiannan, Muthukumar V., Bullock, James M., Wang, Hongru, Caicedo, Ana L., Dabney, Clemon J., Drummond, Emily B.M., Frawley, Emma, Gressel, Jonathan, Husband, Brian C., Lawton‐Rauh, Amy, Maggioni, Lorenzo, Olsen, Kenneth M., Pandolfo, Claudio, Pires, J. Chris, Pisias, Michael T., Razifard, Hamid, Soltis, Douglas E., Soltis, Pamela S., Tillería, Sofía, Ureta, Soledad, Warschefsky, Emily, and McAlvay, Alex C.

Abstract

•Societal Impact Statement: Given the rapidly increasing drought and temperature stresses associated with climate change, innovative approaches for food security are imperative. One understudied opportunity is using feral crops—plants that have escaped and persisted without cultivation—as a source of genetic diversity, which could build resilience in domesticated conspecifics. In some cases, however, feral plants vigorously compete with crops as weeds, challenging food security. By bridging historically siloed ecological, agronomic, and evolutionary lines of inquiry into feral crops, there is the opportunity to improve food security and understand this relatively understudied anthropogenic phenomenon. •Summary: The phenomenon of feral crops, that is, free-living populations that have established outside cultivation, is understudied. Some researchers focus on the negative consequences of domestication, whereas others assert that feral populations may serve as useful pools of genetic diversity for future crop improvement. Although research on feral crops and the process of feralization has advanced rapidly in the last two decades, generalizable insights have been limited by a lack of comparative research across crop species and other factors. To improve international coordination of research on this topic, we summarize the current state of feralization research and chart a course for future study by consolidating outstanding questions in the field. These questions, which emerged from the colloquium “Darwins' reversals: What we now know about Feralization and Crop Wild Relatives” at the BOTANY 2021 conference, fall into seven categories that span both basic and applied research: (1) definitions and drivers of ferality, (2) genetic architecture and pathway, (3) evolutionary history and biogeography, (4) agronomy and breeding, (5) fundamental and applied ecology, (6) collecting and conservation, and (7) taxonomy and best practices. These questions serve as a basis for fe

Published
2023

6. EURISCO update 2023: the European Search Catalogue for Plant Genetic Resources, a pillar for documentation of genebank material

Author

Kotni, Pragna, van Hintum, Theo, Maggioni, Lorenzo, Oppermann, Markus, Weise, Stephan, Kotni, Pragna, van Hintum, Theo, Maggioni, Lorenzo, Oppermann, Markus, and Weise, Stephan

Abstract

The European Search Catalogue for Plant GeneticResources (EURISCO) is a central entry point for information on crop plant germplasm accessions frominstitutions in Europe and beyond. In total, it providesdata on more than two million accessions, making animportant contribution to unlocking the vast geneticdiversity that lies deposited in >400 germplasm collections in 43 countries. EURISCO serves as the reference system for the Plant Genetic Resources Strategy for Europe and represents a significant approachfor documenting and making available the world’sagrobiological diversity. EURISCO is well establishedas a resource in this field and forms the basis for awide range of research projects. In this paper, wepresent current developments of EURISCO, which isaccessible at http://eurisco.ecpgr.org.

Published
2023

8. Building a feral future: Open questions in crop ferality

Author

Mabry, Makenzie E., primary, Bagavathiannan, Muthukumar V., additional, Bullock, James M., additional, Wang, Hongru, additional, Caicedo, Ana L., additional, Dabney, Clemon J., additional, Drummond, Emily B. M., additional, Frawley, Emma, additional, Gressel, Jonathan, additional, Husband, Brian C., additional, Lawton‐Rauh, Amy, additional, Maggioni, Lorenzo, additional, Olsen, Kenneth M., additional, Pandolfo, Claudio, additional, Pires, J. Chris, additional, Pisias, Michael T., additional, Razifard, Hamid, additional, Soltis, Douglas E., additional, Soltis, Pamela S., additional, Tillería, Sofía, additional, Ureta, Soledad, additional, Warschefsky, Emily, additional, and McAlvay, Alex C., additional

Published
2023
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13. AEGIS, the Virtual European Genebank: Why It Is Such a Good Idea, Why It Is Not Working and How It Could Be Improved

Author

van Hintum, T.J.L., Engels, J.M.M., Maggioni, Lorenzo, van Hintum, T.J.L., Engels, J.M.M., and Maggioni, Lorenzo

Abstract

Europe is very active in terms of conserving plant genetic resources, with hundreds of genebanks and thousands of dedicated people involved. However, the resulting infrastructure is, along with being very expensive, far from efficient and not very reliable. In this opinion paper, the authors describe how this situation arose, and why the European Cooperative Programme for Plant Genetic Resources (ECPGR), the collaborative umbrella organization of the European countries involved, has not been able to improve this situation so far significantly. The principles of the decentralized virtual genebank (AEGIS) are described, and an analysis is made of the reasons for its lack of success. Possible changes for making AEGIS a success, or at least steps in the right direction, are proposed. These changes center around the creation of a system of certified genebanks with proper quality management, guaranteeing the long-term conservation of, and immediate access to the plant genetic resources conserved in it.

Published
2021

18. Preservation via utilization: minor grape varieties on-farm

Author

Topfer, Reinhard, Maul, Erika, Lacombe, Thierry, Schneider, Anna, Carka, Frida, Cunha, Jorge, Eiras Dias, José, Gardiman, Massimo, Gazivoda, Anita, Ivanisevic, Dragoslav, Maletic, Edi, Mara, Vesna, Munoz Organero, Gregorio, Nikolic, Dragan, Regner, Ferdinand, Rockel, Franco, Zdunic, Goran, Maggioni, Lorenzo, Schreiber, Toni, Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR), Agricultural University of Tirana, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Center For Viticulture, CREA, Partenaires INRAE, Development sector, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA), Université nationale du Rwanda, Federal College and Office of Vineyards and Orchards (HBLAuBA), Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, and CGIAR

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, niche products, marketing, on-farm preservation, cultural heritage, documentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, European Vitis Database, diversity
Abstract

National audience

Published
2018

30. Domestication of Brassica oleracea L

Author

Maggioni, Lorenzo

Subjects
Genetics and Breeding, Horticulture, Agricultural Science
Abstract

Various theories exist about the progenitors of B. oleracea L. (cole crops) and the area of its domestication. Relatively recent molecular data have pointed at the wild species growing on the European Atlantic cliffs as the closest relatives to all the cultivated types. Compatibly with all the existing observations, an alternative hypothesis is formulated here, namely that the domestication of B. oleracea occurred in a Mediterranean location, while the crop reached the Atlantic coast only at a later date, with the movement of people and cultures. The wild Atlantic populations are supposed to be re-naturalized escapes from the fields. If this theory could be confirmed, it would be plausible for all the cole crops to show the highest affinity with the Atlantic populations, since these belonged to the same genetic pool that underwent a domestication bottleneck. Our experimental work revolved around attempts to test the above-mentioned hypothesis through indirect means. Linguistic, literary and historical aspects of the use of cole crops indicate a deep-rooted knowledge and use of cole crops as well as of their wild relatives by the ancient Greek and Roman civilizations. Moreover, words used to name the coles throughout Europe largely if not exclusively derive from Greek or Latin roots. Analysis of the genetic diversity of leafy kales from around Europe did not find a geographic pattern and a directionality. Agro-ecosystems mimicking a situation of initial domestication, with cole crops and one of their wild relatives (B. rupestris Raf.) growing in close proximity to one another were analysed. Patterns of gene flow have been identified and domestication scenarios have been described. Evidence of populations of coles escaping from the field and becoming indistinguishable from truly wild populations was obtained with molecular marker studies. Finally, attention was given to the legal aspects of collecting wild specimens of genetic resources in Europe, with an analysis and discussion about this issue. This work analyses strengths and weaknesses of the existing theories of domestication of B. oleracea and supports an alternative and original hypothesis that will deserve to be further tested in future before a conclusive statement can be made on the origin of the coles.

Published
2015

31. EURISCO: The European search catalogue for plant genetic resources

Author

Weise, Stephan, Oppermann, Markus, Maggioni, Lorenzo, van Hintum, Theo, Knüpffer, Helmut, Weise, Stephan, Oppermann, Markus, Maggioni, Lorenzo, van Hintum, Theo, and Knüpffer, Helmut

Abstract

The European Search Catalogue for Plant Genetic Resources, EURISCO, provides information about 1.8 million crop plant accessions preserved by almost 400 institutes in Europe and beyond. EURISCO is being maintained on behalf of the European Cooperative Programme for Plant Genetic Resources. It is based on a network of National Inventories of 43 member countries and represents an important effort for the preservation of world's agrobiological diversity by providing information about the large genetic diversity kept by the collaborating collections. Moreover, EURISCO also assists its member countries in fulfilling legal obligations and commitments, e.g. with respect to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources, the Second Global Plan of Action for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture of the United Nation's Food and Agriculture Organization, or the Convention on Biological Diversity. EURISCO is accessible at http://eurisco.ecpgr.org.

Published
2017

36. Report of a working group on Prunus

Author

Maggioni, Lorenzo, Lateur, Marc, Balsemin, Emilie, Lipman, E., ECPGR, European Cooperative Programme for Plant Genetic Resources, Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Unité de recherches Espèces Fruitières et Vigne (UREFV), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Prunus
Published
2011

37. Report of a vegetables network

Author

Maggioni, Lorenzo, Brand-Daunay, M-Christin, van Dooijeweert, Willen, Astley, Dave, Bas, Noortje, Branca, Ferdinando, Diez Niclos, Maria José, Geoffriau, Emmanuel, Keller, Joachim, Kotlinska, Teresa, Smékalova, Katerina, van Treuren, Rob, Lipman, Elinor, Bioversity International, Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes (GALF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), University of Warwick, Dipartimento di OrtoFloroArboricoltura e Tecnologie Agroalimentari (DOTARA), Università degli Studi di Catania (UniCT), Institute for Conservation & Improvement of Valentian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPV), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Plant Genetic Resources Laboratory, Research Institute of Vegetable Crops (RIVC), Department of vegetables and special crops, Crop Research Institute, ECPGR, European Cooperative Programme for Plant Genetic Resources, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cucurbit, Leafy vegetable, Brassica, ressource génétique, garlic, genetic resources, allium sativum, plante légumière, Umbellifer, collection, BANQUE DE GENES, Solanaceae, ail
Abstract

Report of a vegetables network. 3. meeting Vegetables Network

Published
2010

38. Solanaceae genetic resources in Europe

Author

Daunay, M-Christin, van Dooijeweert, Willem, Maggioni, Lorenzo, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Center for Genetic Resources, Centre for Genetic Resources, International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, and Partenaires INRAE

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], SOLANACEAE, GENETIC RESOURCES, Life Science, GENEBANK
Published
2006

40. Rapport du groupe de travail 'Solanacées'

Author

Daunay, M-Christin, van Dooijeweert, Willem, Maggioni, Lorenzo, Lipman, E., Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Center for Genetic Resources, Centre for Genetic Resources, International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, and Partenaires INRAE

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], SOLANACEAE, DESCRIPTOR LIST, BANQUE DE GENES
Published
2006

41. Domestication, diversity and use of Brassica oleracea L., based on ancient Greek and Latin texts.

Author

Maggioni, Lorenzo, Bothmer, Roland, Poulsen, Gert, and Lipman, Elinor

Abstract

The domestication process of Brassica oleracea L. has not been fully clarified, either regarding its initial location or the progenitor species involved. Two alternative hypotheses proposed so far point to either a northwest European or a Mediterranean location. Previous studies to clarify the domestication process focused on linguistic aspects and on the earliest occurrences in ancient literature of words referring to B. oleracea. Those studies are here extended to offer a comprehensive account of literary occurrences of the brassica vegetables in ancient Greek and Latin texts, between the VI century B.C.E. and the IV century C.E. This study offers a contribution to ancient ethnobotanical knowledge in the Mediterranean, including agricultural practices and culinary and medicinal uses. It also defines the time when increasing diversity of crop varieties is documented and it adds weight to the hypothesis of a Mediterranean location of the domestication of B. oleracea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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42. Solanaceae genetic resources in Europe : the ECP/GR network

Author

Daunay, M-Christin, Dooijeweert, W., Maggioni, Lorenzo, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, and Partenaires INRAE

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], SOLANACEAE, COQUERET, GENETIC RESOURCES, BANQUE DE GENES, CYPHOMANDRA, EGGNET, SOLANUM
Published
2004

43. Genetic diversity and population structure of leafy kale and Brassica rupestris Raf. in south Italy

Author

Maggioni, Lorenzo, von Bothmer, Roland, Poulsen, Gert, Branca, Ferdinando, Bagger Jørgensen, Rikke, Maggioni, Lorenzo, von Bothmer, Roland, Poulsen, Gert, Branca, Ferdinando, and Bagger Jørgensen, Rikke

Abstract

Local varieties of leafy kales (Brassica oleracea L.) are grown in home gardens in Calabria and Sicily for self-consumption, in the same area where the wild relative Brassica rupestris Raf. also grows. With the use of AFLP markers, comparisons were made of the genetic diversity and population structure of ten wild and 22 cultivated populations, as well as of a hybrid population and of four commercial cultivars of different B. oleracea crops. The level of genetic diversity was higher in leafy kales than in wild populations and this diversity was mainly distributed within populations. Wild populations remained distinct from cultivated material. Additionally, most wild populations were distinctively isolated from each other. On the other hand, it was not possible to molecularly distinguish even geographically distant leafy kale populations from each other or from different B. oleracea crops. It was possible to detect inter-crossing between leafy kales and B. rupestris. Findings from this study illustrate the existing level of genetic diversity in the B. oleracea gene pool. Individual populations (either wild or leafy kales) with higher levels of genetic diversity have been identified and suggestions are given for an informed conservation strategy. Domestication hypotheses are also discussed.

Published
2014

45. The Prunus European Cooperative Programme for Genetic Resources : a networking activity

Author

Zanetto, Anne, Le Dantec, Loïck, Renoux, J.L., Dosba, F., Maggioni, Lorenzo, Tobutt, K.R., Unité de recherches Espèces Fruitières et Vigne (UREFV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Biologie du développement des espèces pérennes cultivées (UMR BEPC), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2003

47. Extraordinary meeting of the ECP/GR Prunus working group and third coordination meeting of the EU project GEN RES 61

Author

Dosba, F., Tobutt, K., Zanetto, Anne, Grassi, F., Maggioni, Lorenzo, ProdInra, Migration, Station d'amélioration des plantes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Unité de recherches Espèces Fruitières et Vigne (UREFV)

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
1999

48. Report of an extraordinary meeting of the ECP/GR prunus working group and the second coordination meeting of the EU project GENRES 61

Author

Zanetto, Anne, Dosba, F., Tobutt, K., Maggioni, Lorenzo, Unité de recherches Espèces Fruitières et Vigne (UREFV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], BASE DE DONNEES, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
1997

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