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Copyright of Orthodontie Française is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Orthodontie Française is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To assess the stability of the effects of the modified Alt-RAMEC and facial mask (FM) protocol at a post-pubertal observation. Methods Twenty-one Class III patients (11 males and 10 females, 6.5 ± 0.7 years) treated consecutively with the Alt-RAMEC/FM approach and presenting with lateral cephalograms taken before treatment (T1), after treatment (T2), and at post-pubertal observations (T3) were compared with 22 Class III patients (9 males and 13 females, 6.9 ± 1.2 years) treated with the rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and FM protocol and with 15 Class III untreated subjects (7 males and 8 females, 6.2 ± 2.2 years). At T3, all patients showed a post-pubertal skeletal maturation stage (CS4–CS6). Descriptive statistics and statistical comparisons between the three groups at T1 and for the T3–T1, T2–T1, and T3–T2 changes were assessed by means of the ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis test. Results During the overall observation period, Alt-RAMEC/FM and RME/FM protocols produced statistically significant favourable effects when compared with the Control group (ANB + 2.8° and +2.2°, respectively; Wits appraisal +4.4 mm and +2.7 mm, respectively). No statistically significant differences were found between the outcomes of the Alt-RAMEC/FM and RME/FM protocols neither at the post-pubertal or short-term observations. Limitations Retrospective study and the comparison with an historical control sample of subjects with untreated Class III malocclusion. Conclusions The Alt-RAMEC/FM protocol cannot be recommended as the approach of choice for the therapy of Class III dentoskeletal disharmony in very young subjects compared to the conventional RME/FM protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Orthodontie Française is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To evaluate the dentoskeletal short-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy (RME/FM) in a sample of Class III patients showing different vertical skeletal relationships. Materials and Methods: Seventy-nine patients (35 females and 44 males) having Class III malocclusion were consecutively treated using RME/FM therapy with application of the protraction force in a downward and forward direction and inclination of about 30° to the occlusal plane. All patients were evaluated at the beginning (T1; mean age, 7.7 years) and at the end (T2; mean age, 9.2 years) of orthopedic therapy and divided into three groups according to their vertical skeletal relationships: normal group (NG), hypodivergent group (HypoG), and hyperdivergent group (HyperG). Statistical comparisons between the three groups were performed on the starting forms (T1), the final forms (T2), and the treatment changes (T1–T2) using the ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc tests. Results: Favorable modification in terms of maxillary advancement (changes in SNA ranging from 1.4° to 1.8°) and intermaxillary sagittal skeletal relationships (changes in Wits appraisal ranging from 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm) were recorded in all groups. The three groups showed no statistically significant differences in changes in either sagittal or vertical skeletal variables. Conclusions: The various vertical skeletal features do not influence the short-term outcomes of RME/FM therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate whether buccal cortical bone inclination varies for the maxillary alveolar processes of adult patients with decreased, normal, and increased facial heights. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography images of 135 adult patients, including 49 hypodivergent subjects (26 women, 23 men), 40 hyperdivergent subjects (24 women, 16 men), and 46 normodivergent (25 women, 21 men) were analyzed. Cortical bone inclination measurements were made relative to the occlusal plane. Cross-sectional slices of the maxilla were taken at interdental sites from the distal aspect of maxillary canine to the mesial aspect of maxillary second molar. Results: Analysis of variance indicated significant differences (P, .05) between the angles formed by the line tangent to the cortical bone and the occlusal plane among the vertical facial types for the regions between canine and first premolar and between second premolar and first molar at miniscrew insertion sites. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that vertical facial pattern should be taken into consideration when adjusting the insertion angle of miniscrews at the maxillary buccal region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study that deals with a modified alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction (Alt-RAMEC/FM protocol, using deciduous teeth as anchorage. Alt-RAMEC aims to disarticulate the circummaxillary sutures and to improve the effectiveness of maxillary protraction. The deciduous teeth was used to avoid detrimental consequences in the dental and periodontal tissues of the anchor teeth and to maximize skeletal changes in the maxilla.

A letter to the editor are presented in response to the article "Re:Treatment effects produced by the Twin-block appliance vs the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device in growing Class II patients" by V. Giutini and colleagues along with a response from the authors.

Introduction: The aim of a debonding protocol is to ensure the complete removal of composite resin without altering the enamel surface. A systematic review was conducted to analyze the effects of resin removal after the debonding of orthodontic brackets using different mechanical instruments, from both a qualitative and quantitative perspectives., Materials and Methods: An electronic search, following PRISMA guidelines, was conducted across three databases until March 2023, supplemented by a manual search. All controlled randomized studies or in vitro studies, comparing the removal of adhesive with tungsten carbide burs to other mechanical instrumentation techniques and assessing enamel surface, were included., Results: Twenty-seven eligible articles were included, comprising two randomized studies and 25 in vitro studies, with varying bias levels. Compared to tungsten carbide burs, ultrasonic instruments and sandblasting showed similar or better results in terms of enamel loss and surface roughness. The enamel surface was equally less rough when using discs (Sof-Lex) or a fiberglass bur, or a fiberglass bur, although these techniques were time-consuming. The exclusive use of a diamond bur, stainless steel bur, or manual scaler for complete resin removal resulted in much rougher surfaces, clinically unacceptable., Conclusion: Preserving the enamel surface seems optimal with a two-phase protocol, involving the use of tungsten carbide burs for initial removal of most of the resin, followed by a less invasive technique for finishing resin removal. Beyond the findings of this review, a final polishing step also appears to be relevant.

Introduction: Oral microbiota of patients is impacted during orthodontic treatment. The objective of this systematic review was to observe the evolution of oral microbiota (primary objective) and periodontal health (secondary objective) during orthodontic treatment, and to compare these changes during treatment with vestibular fixed appliances and aligners., Materials and Methods: In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, an electronic search was performed in four databases until January 2022, completed by a manual search, including all prospective controlled studies, randomized or not, on the subject. Two independent authors were involved in the selection of studies, and a third author was consulted in case of disagreement. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool and ROBINS-I tool was used to assess the risk-of-bias in randomized and non-randomized trials, respectively. Finally, the risk of bias graphs were made with the robvis visualization tool., Results: Out of the 994 results obtained from these searches, 11 eligible articles were included (4 randomized clinical trials and 7 non-randomized controlled studies) with varying levels of bias. Results suggested that patients treated with aligner appliances have more favorable microbial flora and less biofilm mass during their treatment compared with those treated with fixed appliances. In addition, inflammatory marker cytokines and periodontal indices were higher in fixed orthodontic treatment compared to aligners treatment., Conclusion: Considering the limitations of this systematic review of the literature, the results suggested that aligners have a more favorable impact on the oral microbiota and periodontium compared to vestibular fixed appliances. PROSPERO registration: CRD42022276486.

Introduction: The concept of teleorthodontics was recently born; the Covid-19 crise has participated to the emergence and the amplification of this phenomenon., Objective: The main aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate the teleorthodontics relevance., Method: An electronic and manual search was performed in four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Library) up to December 2021 according to PRISMA guidelines. Both prospective and retrospective studies, as well as case reports, case series and satisfaction surveys published in English or in French without time restriction were included. Two independant reviewers were involved in the selection of the studies and a third reviewer was required in case of disagreement. A bias assessment was performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tools., Results: Out of 1757 articles, 22 articles published mainly between 2019 and 2021 and with varying levels of evidence, were included. Considering the results obtained, different concepts were discussed (time management, quality of communication, reliability and use of tools, satisfaction, quality of human relations, emergency management, compliance)., Conclusions: Teleorthodontics is an interesting and complementary tool that is, in no way, a systematic alternative to face-to-face orthodontic appointments in the office. However, many essential aspects of telemedicine in orthodontics, such as data protection, still need to be investigated in order to fully analyze this tool.

Objective: To compare dentoskeletal changes produced by the maxillary splint headgear and cervical headgear appliance during the early phase of Class II treatment, specially the initial overjet and upper incisors position., Subjects and Methods: In this retrospective study, 28 Class II patients treated with the maxillary splint headgear (maxillary splint headgear or MSG, mean age 10.1 ± 1.9 years) and 28 Class II patients treated with cervical headgear (cervical headgear group or CHG, mean age 9.5 ± 1.9 years) were evaluated before and after treatment. Statistical comparisons between the two groups for cephalometric measurements at T1 and for T2-T1 changes were performed by means of independent sample t tests., Results: The MSG showed a significantly greater reduction of the overjet in comparison to the CHG (-2.4 mm and -0.7 mm, respectively) and a significantly greater maxillary incisor uprighting (-1.8 mm and 0.4 mm, respectively). In the MSG, overjet correction was due mainly to mandibular advancement (3.5 mm), while the correction of molar relationship (3.9 mm) was 64% skeletal and 36% dentoalveolar. In the CHG, the overjet correction was also more skeletal, due to mandibular growth (1.8 mm), while correction of molar relationship (3.5 mm) was 63% dentoalveolar and 37% skeletal., Conclusions: Both groups showed favorable skeletal mandibular changes, which was more significant in the MSG. Regarding tooth movement, the maxillary splint headgear was more effective in uprighting upper incisors and reducing the overjet than cervical headgear appliance.