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Copyright of Secuencia: Revista de Historia y Ciencias Sociales is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones - Dr. Jose M. Luis Mora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this paper is to study the part of geography that studies the Earth as a celestial body, its shape, size and position in space, the movement of the Earth and the consequences of its movements, the orientation of the Earth to the extent that it can be illustrated mathematically. We are aware that all of the above could not be calculated and proved without the help of mathematics as a key link and help. The results are more visible in themselves and you can conclude how important mathematics is in geography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Al-Kharaqi's Muntahá al-idrak fi taqasim al-aflak (The Utmost Attainment on the Divisions of the Orbs): The First Comprehensive Hay a Work on Ptolemaic Cosmology. Next he introduces the contents of al-Kharaqi's I Muntahá i , accompanied by a commentary on select chapters (Chapter 3) and positioning this treatise as the earliest comprehensive I hay a i work. The introduction begins with a biographical account of al-Kharaqi's life and works, clarifying the existence of two contemporaneous scholars sharing the same I nisba i , namely al-Kharaqi, which modern scholars have often confused and subsequently recognized as a single individual (Chapter 1). [Extracted from the article]

In this paper we analyze the reasons for voseo's vitality in Medellín (Colombia). Based on the data obtained through surveys and interviews, it can be affirmed that the vitality of the paisa voseo will continue to exist because the people of Medellin, although they consider the voseo a provincial term, do not stop using it, since they do not mind being evaluated as provincials due to their humble and proud character. Thus, the voseo will continue to be the identity symbol of the paisa group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the "Mapping Asia: Cartography and the Construction of Territoriality" conference held in Gotha, Germany on November 24-25, 2022. Topics include the complex role of maps in imperial projects and local counter-mapping in Asia, the intricate interplay between European and Asian cartographic traditions, and the processes of knowledge production involved in creating maps and defining territoriality.

The article discusses the issue of kudzu, an invasive vine, and its impact on the environment. Kudzu grows rapidly and can cover large areas, depriving other plants of sunlight and releasing stored carbon into the atmosphere. Various methods have been used to control kudzu, including chemical and mechanical interventions, as well as introducing grazing animals. However, there is also potential to utilize kudzu as a food source, although there is currently little demand for it. The author explores the idea of promoting kudzu as a unique and trendy food item, similar to how kale gained popularity in recent years. The article also mentions the involvement of the Les Dames d'Escoffier International organization in promoting the consumption of kudzu. The author describes their own efforts to organize a Zoom call and a subsequent event to raise awareness about kudzu as a food option. The article concludes with the author's dreams of kudzu becoming a widely recognized and celebrated ingredient in various culinary contexts. [Extracted from the article]

This article aims to report the contribution of the Geographical, Historical and Cultural School Atlas of the Federal District in the construction of the students’ trajectory in the territory. This material was used in the project carried out in the first half of 2022 with first-year students at Centro de Ensino Médio 310 in Santa Maria, Federal District. This school project was called “Local History and Geography: Brasília and Other Brasílias”, and its main objective was acquiring knowledge of the city, the origins of the Administrative Regions, and their different cultures, histories, and geographies. The analyses were carried out in an interdisciplinary way, combining historical and geographic aspects that allow the student to investigate the relationships between the past and the present of their place of coexistence. In this perspective, students are guided to develop the historiographic view associated with geographic reasoning in understanding the formation of the territory of Federal District and their city. This was done based on the analysis of historical documents from the Public Archive of the Federal District and thematic maps from the Geographical, Historical and Cultural School Atlas of the Federal District. This interdisciplinary approach allowed the student to focus on identifying a segregating space at local scenario that also ends up reflecting the social inequality present in various parts of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the use of QR codes in various contexts, such as linking static paper images to servers using smartphone cameras. It suggests that QR codes can be used to represent places and spaces in mathematical geography models, adding cultural information and complexity to the model. The article also mentions the use of QR codes in fitness smartphone apps and in a project that provides refurbished pacemakers to developing nations. It introduces the concept of a "QRchive" for indexing publications and discusses the transition from static to dynamic QR codes. The article concludes by mentioning the use of dynamic QR codes in the IMaGe logo, allowing readers to access various properties and spaces. [Extracted from the article]

This article is a memorial for two individuals, John Nystuen and Bob Austin, who were original board members of Solstice. John Nystuen was a professor of geography at the University of Michigan and made significant contributions to the field. He was known for his mentoring and research in quantitative geography. Bob Austin was a geographer and GIS expert who worked in academia and the private sector. He was passionate about sharing his knowledge and advancing technological opportunities. Both individuals had a love for nature, travel, and learning. They will be remembered for their contributions and cherished by their loved ones. [Extracted from the article]

Solstice: An Electronic Journal of Geography & Mathematics is a digital journal that was established in 1990 before the Internet was widely available. Initially, the journal used the digital typesetting language, TeX, and subscribers received the digital files via email to print out the journal themselves. As the Internet became more accessible, Solstice transitioned to using HTML for document transmission. The journal has gained attention from various sectors, including science and academia, and expresses gratitude to its contributors, volunteers, and readers. The founder and editor-in-chief of Solstice is Sandra Lach Arlinghaus. [Extracted from the article]

On the Euclidean geographical map, and using rectangular coordinates, the coordinates of the images of these two points are ( I x i , I y i ) and HT ht , respectively. Transforming it into HT ht Graph Chebyshev observed that the sum of the first two terms satisfies Laplace's equation HT ht . [Extracted from the article]

- ISBN 978-1-60618-104-1 B 22:74.2(149) b B Mejía, Sergio b Cartografía e Ingeniería en la Era de las Revoluciones: Mapas y obras de Vicente Talledo y Rivera en España y el Nuevo Reino de Granada (1758-1820) [ = Cartography and Engineering in the Age of Revolutions: Maps and works of Vicente Talledo y Rivera in Spain and the New Kingdom of Granada (1758-1820)] / Sergio Mejía. - 63 p.: ill. - ISBN 978-8-41-354171-6 B 22:74.2(159) b B Moreno Madrid, José María b Circulation and Contacts in Sixteenth Century New Cartography: Spain, Portugal and Italy / José María Moreno Madrid. - 408 p.: ill. - ISBN 978-2-39-025173-6 (edition in Dutch B 22:74.2(049) b ) B 22:74 (050) b B De Moura, Denise A. S. b Aprendendo com roteiros a comunicar por carta geográfica: cultura visual institucional de sertões e fronteiras conquistadas (século XVIII) = Learning from scripts to communicate using geographic maps: institutional visual culture of backlands and conquered borders (18th century) / Denise A. S. De Moura. - I In i Revista de arta si istoria artei, 2018, B 1 b , 31-43: ill. - ISSN 2601-9183 B 22:74.2(166) b B Nicolas, Clément b La carte et le territoire: La dalle gravée du Bronze ancien de Saint-Bélec (Leuhan, Finistère) [ = The map and the territory: The Old Bronze slab of Saint-Bélec (Leuhan, Finistère)] / Clément Nicolas, Yvan Pailler, Pierre Stéphan, Julie Pierson, Laurent Aubry, Bernard Le Gall, Vincent Lacombe and Joël Rolet. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Comparativ: Leipziger Beiträge zur Universalgeschichte und Vergleichenden Gesellschaftsforschung is the property of Leipziger Universitaetsverlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Coordinate reference systems (CRS) represents the mathematical model for location defining of spatial entities within the particular referent frame, which contain geodetic datum, and may contain map projection as well additional parameters. Coordinate reference systems are defined by the OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) as simple feature access using WKT (well-known text) representation of coordinate reference systems, and support has been implemented by several standards-based geographic information systems by referring to using EPSG (European Petroleum Survey Group) codes defined by the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (IAOGP). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Official statistics are statistics produced within a national statistical system which includes statistical organizations and authorities within a country that collect, process and disseminate official statistical data on behalf of the national government. Statistics Poland (Polish: Główny Urząd Statystyczny) is such a body in the Republic of Poland. Official statistics are usually collected within a legal framework, and in accordance with basic principles which ensure minimum professional standards, such as independency and objectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Topographic maps of Russia represent the basis of the state cartographic fund of the country. However, the understanding of the natural resource potential of the territory, the preservation of natural and cultural heritage, and solving navigation tasks has led to the use of topographic maps, the content of which goes beyond multi-purpose universal maps. Environmental problems are currently a priority. These reasons led to the division of topographic maps into universal and specialized, focused on certain groups of consumers. What is a specialized topographic map? The authors define them as maps created on the basis of universal topographic maps within their accuracy and in a single technological cycle with them, with the addition of content or its directed unloading for a specific area of use (while maintaining the image of a complex of basic topographic objects). The fundamental condition for the creation of specialized maps is not to violate the historically established type of universal topographic maps, which is determined by the display of external visible elements of the landscape. It revealed a demand for specialized maps after analyzing domestic and foreign mapping experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we have focused on mapping villages and resources near the study areas to support development goals and planning. In this article, we will look at the importance of maps in this context and how maps are important for showing changes in demographics or landscape over time. Thematic maps offer perhaps the greatest scope for specialization, as a map is tailored to present specific information in a very particular style to promote a specific theme. A map is a very important visualization method for any research. In this paper, four Gram Panchayats have been selected as study areas that can (1) help outline the framework for Smart Villages, (2) enhance the use of quantitative and qualitative techniques, and are also part of the RUSA 2.0 project under the Smart Village initiatives. This paper discusses the critical importance of maps for spatial analysis and draws on geographic research related to mapping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A moving feature is described as a rigid body whose location changes over time (Asahara et al., 2015). Fitted with sensor devices, these features often transmit information about their location, coupled with additional attributes that describe their movement characteristics in real time, through data streaming sensor networks. Examples of moving feature datasets include shipping vessels Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, GPS tracked vehicle positions, cycling tracks and many more. Deriving knowledge and understanding behavioural patterns of these moving features has been a subject of research for many years (Andrienko et al, 2013; Krueger et al, 2017; Andrienko et al, 2021; Graser et al, 2021), and several challenges have thus been identified. In this paper we focus on addressing challenges that are pertinent to deriving behavioural patterns of moving features in real time, whilst the movement trajectory is still unfolding. These challenges generally relate to; firstly, the ability to analyse and visualise high velocity observations of multiple moving features, and secondly the ability to understand patterns that evolve because of changes in location and time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban disasters are characterized by diversity, complexity, man-made, and magnification, which have severely restricted the sustainable social and economic development. In recent years, China has attached great importance to urban disaster emergency research, improved urban governance, emergency management system, and disaster prevention, mitigation, resistance, and relief capabilities. The cooperative units from Nanjing Normal university, Shandong Eastdawn Digital Data company and Asia Air Survey company in Japan, begun a China-Japan Intergovernmental Science and Technology Cooperation Project (CJISTCP) (2021YFE0112300) on October 1, 2021. The project is expected to promote the resolution of technical bottlenecks in urban disaster process monitoring and the rapid construction of 3D scenarios in emergency disaster response in both countries, and drive the advancement of related industrial technologies such as CIM(City Information Model) and big data integration and mining applications in disaster management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depiction of real world within Geo Information Systems presumes the world as some successive and static snapshots rather than a very dynamic system which is populated by various open-ended phenomena. Due to limitations inherited to traditional GIS, it is of utmost importance to develop a novel Spatio-Temporal Information System which is capable of collection and representation of historical states of the globe along with its dynamic aspects. In this study, the concept of "mapping" goes beyond the principle of mapping objects with distinct spatial, temporal and attributive identities as usual in object-oriented systems. The main goal of this work is to present a conceptual model for managing geo-knowledge. This effort handles real world dynamisms through representation of relationships amongst various objects with each other, objects with events, events with other events and their involving processes. It indeed uses an event centric system thinking approach which considers events as an information container of dynamic geo-historical phenomena to implicitly represent causal relationships in a SpatioTemporal Information System. From this new perspective, objects in space and time are considered merely as information elements of events which are connected to other event elements through internal or external processes. The event here is defined and categorized as any kind of changes which apply on spatial and/or none-spatial characteristics of object(s); the happening which are bound to a location at a certain point of time or during a specific period of time [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transit infrastructure development is a major necessity in Canada's largest city and the capital of Ontario, Toronto. As one of the busiest highways in North America and the backbone of Toronto's transportation and distribution system, provincial Highway 401, carries over 416 thousand annual average daily traffic (AADT) and plays an important role in the Ontario southern road network (You et al., 2017). With economic development and ongoing urbanization, the increasing regional population brings up traffic congestion in the system, especially during peak hours. The existing transportation condition has proved a bottleneck under the ongoing globalization & increasing population in the city. To mitigate the congestion, this paper proposed a new bypass route plan on Highway 401 by combining the least cost path analysis (LCPA) and multiple-criteria evaluation (MCE). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a preliminary study in an ongoing research project, which develops spatial and cartographic approaches to historical research, we conduct an eye-tracking study to identify and assessthe challenges of map usage for social scientists working in the digital humanities. We report on this research at an early stage to engage other researchers working on similar issues. In this part of a larger research project, we aim to identify challenges in map use and improve cartographic visualisation methods and techniques to fit the digital humanities context better. We present early results based on a pilot study involving thematic maps supplemented with other visualisation types like tables, graphs and tables. We present the challenges (task difficulties, problems with the interfaces, errors in retrieving information etc.) that study participants had using visualisations applied in an interactive environment. Our anticipated results suggest that prior experience with maps and interactive tools significantly impacts the challenges. We expect the speed at which participants mitigate challenges depends on their experience. The quality of resolving tasks involving map use initially varies, but differences in later tasks referring to maps decrease, which suggests map use can be readily learned and applied. This suggests that user interfaces based on maps with some elementary usage tips help users who need to learn the specifics of that interface for maps rapidly. We look forward to discussing these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geo-crowdsourced data (GcD), the collection of geospatial data from a multitude of public sources, has grown exponentially within the past fifteen years from a mostly theoretical idea proposed by academics to a giant industry providing an indispensable service to commercial and government interest alike. This growth is largely attributable to what Goodchild (2007) coined as "Volunteered Geographical Information" (VGI), a subset of GcD that requires an intentional act of public contribution, as well as the advent of the smartphone. This is reflected by the sheer amount of applications that rely on GcD to provide directions, up-to-date traffic notifications and the operational statuses of public facilities and businesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geographic data, that is, any data that refers to a geographic location or area that represents an accident or geographic object on a map, must be organized within a geographic data model and must conform to TC211 geographic information standards. To determine the data model to be used in the cartography, a geographic data dictionary had to be studied that would represent the data set, adapted to cartography at a 1:25,000 IGM scale and at different scales, which would allow data interoperability, based on the base that had to contain names of the geographical objects, their definitions and attributes, and that were also structured in a geospatial database. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile telecommunications devices have made their way into the hands of most of the world's population in the almost fifty years since the world's first mass-produced mobile phone was put on the market by Motorola in 1973 (Farley 2005, Radicati 2021). Like other information sources, maps have also benefited from and been re-envisioned for internetconnected mobile devices. We can now use maps to support our everyday activities in ways that were unimaginable with paper maps - for example, providing real-time updates and design that adapts when their use context changes. However, these new use contexts also often generate additional cognitive load, by presenting distractions in noisy and highly dynamic environments. This increased cognitive load is exacerbated by the design constraints posed by the characteristics that make mobile devices portable (e.g., small screens). To mitigate this increased cognitive load from mobile map use cases, there are at least two options: reduce the cognitive load by externalizing cognition and/or distribute cognition among other actors (machines or people). While some foundational work exists (e.g., Reichenbacher 2004, Meng et al. 2005, Thrash et al. 2019), there are many dimensions of how people use mobile maps and how we can best design such maps that are un- or under-explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the policy environments of two acts in South Africa, the South African Spatial Data Infrastructure Act (Act 54 of 2003) (SDI Act) and the Promotion of Access to Information Act, 2000 (Act 2 of 2000), which promote accessibility, transparency, and collaboration for accessing public information. These policies are important for ensuring accountability and good governance. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (section 32) and PAIA provide the legal framework for every citizen to exercise their constitutional right to access any information held by a public entity. This legislation is in line with the international move towards open data and freedom of information (FOI) (Nkwe & Ngoepe, 2021; Coetzee et al., 2020). The SDI Act enables access to geospatial data created by public bodies, promoting the sharing of geospatial data across different sectors and levels of government in South Africa. However, despite the benefits of these policies, implementation constraints are present, such as limited institutional capacity, lack of political will, and insufficient resources. A cohesive policy environment is essential to enable public organisations to address these constraints. Governance frameworks and institutional capacity are crucial to support the implementation and oversight of these policies. To this end, the United Nations Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (UNGGIM) has created the Integrated Geospatial Information Framework (IGIF), which aims to align existing policies with SDI development and encourage contribution to national geospatial information ecosystems. The UNGGIM-IGIF includes a legal and policy strategic pathway that focuses on implementation and accountability (IGIF, 2020). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CityGML (Gröger et al. 2012) is a widely adopted standard by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) for the representation and exchange of 3D city models. It defines the three-dimensional geometry, topology, semantics, and appearance of the most relevant topographic objects in urban or regional contexts. The representation of semantic and topological properties makes it possible to query such 3D city data to perform analysis in various applications. However, the potential of query answering over CityGML data has not been fully exploited. The official GML/XML encoding of CityGML is only intended as an exchange format but is not suitable for query answering. The most common way of dealing with CityGML data is to import them into the 3DCityDB system as relational tables and then query with the standard SQL query language. One limitation of this approach is that it is not compliant with Knowledge Graph standards, and thus it is difficult to interoperate with other open Knowledge Graphs (e.g., Wikidata, DBPedia). There have been early attempts to convert CityGML to knowledge graphs (Chadzynski et al. 2021), which uses a straightforward ad-hoc implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the connections between geography and mathematics, specifically focusing on the basic elements of maps and how they relate to mathematical concepts. The author identifies several sequences that highlight the parallels between the two disciplines, such as the relationship between the main body of a map and set theory, or the connection between orientation on a map and trigonometry. The article also explores the use of bivariate thematic maps as a way to visualize spatial data using set theory principles. The author suggests that integrating mathematical ideas with other subjects can be a valuable approach in teaching mathematics, particularly for students who may have missed or struggled with certain topics. [Extracted from the article]

Esmeralda Masson de Azevedo was a noted teacher, active in Rio de Janeiro’s elementary school system during the First Republic. She became one of the most prominent writers of textbooks for children, covering subjects that range from Arithmetic, Geography, and Chorography to History. In this paper, I seek to understand her role as an educator, in the cultural circles of the former Brazilian federal capital during the first two decades of the twentieth century, as well as the role she played as a cultural mediator who wrought a cartography of Brazilian spaces for educational purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prof. Radovan Danić, PhD (1893-1979), an honorary lifetime President of the Astronomical Society Ruđer Bošković in Belgrade, owned a brass universal equinoctial ring sundial (98 mm in diameter), preserved by his descendants, who continued his work on popularizing astronomy through the activities of the society. The sundial (ring dial) was measured, tested and compared to similar portable sundials (pocket sundials) exhibited in various European museums. In the classification scheme, along with the Parmenion’s and astronomical rings, it belongs to a group of pocket armillary sundials that do not require a compass. More precisely, it is a self-orienting armillary sundial whose rings are located under the circles of the celestial sphere of the same name at the moment of measurement. Therefore, when the apparent solar time is known, it turns into a solar compass. A corresponding sundial on the horizon to the self-orienting armillary sundial is the analemmatic sundial. The construction of a self-orienting armillary sundial was first described in the late 16th century by the English mathematician William Oughtred (1574-1660). In collaboration with the gnomonists from England and Austria, we determined where and when Professor Danić’s sundial was constructed: Vienna, second quarter of the 18th century. Originally, the sundial was adjusted for the latitude of Belgrade or Zemun (nowadays, a Belgrade municipality), which were under the Austrian rule for a long time during the 18th century. It is a beautiful, well-crafted, well-preserved, expensive sundial and astronomical instrument that should be kept in a museum, in the first place in the Museum of Astronomy of the Astronomical Observatory in Belgrade.

Known now as the "Three Kings Clock", Oestmann suggests a possible reason for inclusion of the Three Kings motif into the first clock as a secularisation of liturgical themes. Here the author includes much interesting biographical and personal detail on this cast of characters, including the tensions and conflicts between Dasypodius, on whom was placed responsibility for the entire project, and the Habrecht brothers, over which of them was the true author of the clock. Oestmann explains that the book refers to Vitruvius and demonstrates Dasypodius' knowledge of the Roman author's architectural theory, and also shows that he was familiar with the technical writings of the Greek authors, in particular the Neo- Platonist Proclus. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Historia 396 is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Instituto de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)