Descriptor: "MESH: Flowers" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"MESH: Flowers"' showing total 23 results

Start Over Descriptor "MESH: Flowers"

23 results on '"MESH: Flowers"'

1. Duplication of a domestication locus neutralized a cryptic variant that caused a breeding barrier in tomato

Author: Michael Alonge, Michael C. Schatz, Samuel F. Hutton, Zachary H. Lemmon, Fritz J. Sedlazeck, Zachary B. Lippman, José M. Jiménez-Gómez, Sebastian Soyk, Joyce Van Eck, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL), Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Baylor College of Medecine, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University [New York], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Department of Surgery [Johns Hopkins Medicine], The Johns Hopkins Hospital, European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) ALTF 1589-2014, National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology Grant IOS-1523423, National Institute of Health Research Project with Complex Structure Cooperative Agreement 3UM1HG008898-01S2, US-Israel Binational Science Foundation IS-4818-15, US-Israel Binational Science Foundation, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture 2016-67013-24452, ational Science Foundation (NSF) NSF - Office of the Director (OD) IOS-1732253, ANR-17-CE20-0024,tomaTE,Contribution des éléments transposables (ET) à la domestication et à l'amélioration de la tomate(2017), Cold Spring Harbor, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Baylor University-Baylor University, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Horticultural Sciences Department, Boyce Thompson Institute [Ithaca], Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Partenaires INRAE
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, MESH: Gene Editing, MESH: CRISPR-Cas Systems, MESH: Domestication, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Locus (genetics), Plant Science, Gene mutation, Biology, MESH: CRISPR-Associated Protein 9, MESH: Reproduction, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Genome editing, MESH: Lycopersicon esculentum, Gene duplication, Genetic variation, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, MESH: Epistasis, Genetic, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, MESH: Genetic Variation, Domestication, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, MESH: Gene Duplication, MESH: Flowers, MESH: Quantitative Trait Loci, 030104 developmental biology, MESH: Plant Breeding, MESH: Plants, Genetically Modified, Epistasis, Tandem exon duplication, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Genome editing technologies are being widely adopted in plant breeding1. However, a looming challenge of engineering desirable genetic variation in diverse genotypes is poor predictability of phenotypic outcomes due to unforeseen interactions with pre-existing cryptic mutations2-4. In tomato, breeding with a classical MADS-box gene mutation that improves harvesting by eliminating fruit stem abscission frequently results in excessive inflorescence branching, flowering and reduced fertility due to interaction with a cryptic variant that causes partial mis-splicing in a homologous gene5-8. Here, we show that a recently evolved tandem duplication carrying the second-site variant achieves a threshold of functional transcripts to suppress branching, enabling breeders to neutralize negative epistasis on yield. By dissecting the dosage mechanisms by which this structural variant restored normal flowering and fertility, we devised strategies that use CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing to predictably improve harvesting. Our findings highlight the under-appreciated impact of epistasis in targeted trait breeding and underscore the need for a deeper characterization of cryptic variation to enable the full potential of genome editing in agriculture.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. The influence of population structure on gene expression and flowering time variation in the ubiquitous weed Capsella bursa-pastoris (Brassicaceae)

Author: Dmytro Kryvokhyzha, Martin Lascoux, Sylvain Glémin, Jun Chen, Karl Holm, Stephen I. Wright, Ulf Lagercrantz, Amandine Cornille, Department of Ecology and Genetics [Uppsala] (EBC), Uppsala University, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [University of Toronto] (EEB), and University of Toronto
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, MESH: Geography, Climate, Plant Weeds, adaptation, MESH: Genotype, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Flowering Locus C, MESH: Sequence Analysis, RNA, RNA-Seq, MESH: Models, Genetic, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, MESH: Plant Weeds, Genetics, education.field_of_study, Geography, biology, MESH: Asia, Capsella, Capsella bursa-pastoris, MESH: Climate, Adaptation, Physiological, Europe, Phenotype, Genetic structure, MESH: Capsella, circadian rhythm, Asia, Genotype, Population, neutrality, MESH: Genetics, Population, Flowers, MESH: Phenotype, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic drift, MESH: Circadian Rhythm, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Local adaptation, Models, Genetic, Sequence Analysis, RNA, MESH: Transcriptome, population structure, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Flowers, MESH: Adaptation, Physiological, MESH: North America, Genetics, Population, 030104 developmental biology, Genetic distance, North America, genetic drift, MESH: Europe, transcriptome
Abstract: International audience; Population structure is a potential problem when testing for adaptive phenotypic differences among populations. The observed phenotypic differences among populations can simply be due to genetic drift, and if the genetic distance between them is not considered, the differentiation may be falsely interpreted as adaptive. Conversely, adaptive and demographic processes might have been tightly associated and correcting for the population structure may lead to false negatives. Here, we evaluated this problem in the cosmopolitan weed Capsella bursa-pastoris. We used RNA-Seq to analyse gene expression differences among 24 accessions, which belonged to a much larger group that had been previously characterized for flowering time and circadian rhythm and were genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technique. We found that clustering of accessions for gene expression retrieved the same three clusters that were obtained with GBS data previously, namely Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Moreover, the three groups were also differentiated for both flowering time and circadian rhythm variation. Correction for population genetic structure when analysing differential gene expression analysis removed all differences among the three groups. This may suggest that most differences are neutral and simply reflect population history. However, geographical variation in flowering time and circadian rhythm indicated that the distribution of adaptive traits might be confounded by population structure. To bypass this confounding effect, we compared gene expression differentiation between flowering ecotypes within the genetic groups. Among the differentially expressed genes, FLOWERING LOCUS C was the strongest candidate for local adaptation in regulation of flowering time.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. Evolution of oil-producing trichomes in Sisyrinchium (Iridaceae): insights from the first comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus

Author: Christian Raquin, Tatiana T. Souza-Chies, Arnaud Couloux, Adriano Silvério, Spencer Brown, Roxana Yockteng, Eliane Kaltchuk-Santos, Sophie Nadot, Olivier Chauveau, Corine Cruaud, Lilian Eggers, Institut des sciences du végétal (ISV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, MESH: Geography, Plant Science, MESH: Pollination, 01 natural sciences, MESH: Plant Oils, MESH: Bees, Monophyly, Genus, MESH: Genes, Plant, MESH: Animals, Plastids, Pollination, MESH: Phylogeny, Clade, Phylogeny, Likelihood Functions, 0303 health sciences, Geography, biology, Phylogenetic tree, MESH: Plastids, Bees, Biological Evolution, Mitochondria, MESH: Iridaceae, DNA, Plant, MESH: Mitochondria, MESH: Bayes Theorem, MESH: Sequence Alignment, MESH: Biological Evolution, Flowers, Genes, Plant, 010603 evolutionary biology, Sisyrinchieae, Iridaceae, 03 medical and health sciences, Iridoideae, Phylogenetics, Botany, Animals, Plant Oils, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, MESH: DNA, Plant, 030304 developmental biology, Bayes Theorem, Original Articles, MESH: South America, South America, 15. Life on land, MESH: Flowers, biology.organism_classification, MESH: North America, North America, MESH: Likelihood Functions, Sisyrinchium, Sequence Alignment
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Sisyrinchium (Iridaceae: Iridoideae: Sisyrinchieae) is one of the largest, most widespread and most taxonomically complex genera in Iridaceae, with all species except one native to the American continent. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus were investigated and the evolution of oil-producing structures related to specialized oil-bee pollination examined. METHODS: Phylogenetic analyses based on eight molecular markers obtained from 101 Sisyrinchium accessions representing 85 species were conducted in the first extensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus. Total evidence analyses confirmed the monophyly of the genus and retrieved nine major clades weakly connected to the subdivisions previously recognized. The resulting phylogenetic hypothesis was used to reconstruct biogeographical patterns, and to trace the evolutionary origin of glandular trichomes present in the flowers of several species. KEY RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Glandular trichomes evolved three times independently in the genus. In two cases, these glandular trichomes are oil-secreting, suggesting that the corresponding flowers might be pollinated by oil-bees. Biogeographical patterns indicate expansions from Central America and the northern Andes to the subandean ranges between Chile and Argentina and to the extended area of the Paraná river basin. The distribution of oil-flower species across the phylogenetic trees suggests that oil-producing trichomes may have played a key role in the diversification of the genus, a hypothesis that requires future testing.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Identification of three tomato flower and fruit MADS-box proteins with a putative histone deacetylase binding domain

Author: Marcel Kuntz, Joël Gaffé, Claudie Lemercier, Jean-Pierre Alcaraz, Laboratoire Adaptation et pathogénie des micro-organismes [Grenoble] (LAPM), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biochimie et biophysique des systèmes intégrés (BBSI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Plastes et Différenciation Cellulaire (PDC), Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire végétale (LPCV), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, MESH: Introns, MESH: Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Sequence Homology, MESH: Amino Acid Sequence, MESH: Base Sequence, MESH: RNA, Plant, 01 natural sciences, Solanum lycopersicum, Genes, Reporter, MESH: Lycopersicon esculentum, MESH: Genes, Plant, MADS-box, Plant Proteins, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Histone deacetylase 5, MESH: Plant Proteins, Histone deacetylase 2, Exons, General Medicine, Cell biology, DNA-Binding Proteins, Amino Acid, RNA, Plant, Histone deacetylase binding, MESH: DNA Primers, DNA, Plant, Molecular Sequence Data, MESH: Sequence Alignment, MADS Domain Proteins, Flowers, Biology, Genes, Plant, Histone Deacetylases, MESH: MADS Domain Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Amino Acid Sequence, Lycopersicon esculentum, MESH: DNA, Plant, Reporter, Transcription factor, DNA Primers, 030304 developmental biology, Binding Sites, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Base Sequence, HDAC11, HDAC10, MESH: Genes, Reporter, DNA, Plant, MESH: Flowers, HDAC4, Introns, MESH: Histone Deacetylases, Genes, MESH: Binding Sites, RNA, MESH: Exons, Sequence Alignment, MESH: DNA-Binding Proteins, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; MADS-box transcription factors play crucial roles in organ and cell differentiation in organisms ranging from yeast to humans. Most of the work on plant MADS-box proteins focused on their roles in floral development whereas less information is available on their function in fruit maturation. We cloned three distinct tomato cDNAs using a RT-PCR approach, encoding LeMADS1, LeMADS5 and LeMADS6 factors and whose mRNAs mostly accumulate in tomato flowers and fruits. Phylogeny analysis indicates that LeMADS1, 5 and 6 belong to the MEF2-like family. When transiently expressed in tobacco leaves or in human cells, LeMADS1, 5 and 6 are targeted to the cell nucleus. As the endogenous target genes of these putative transcription factors are unknown, the transcriptional activity of these proteins was characterized in a heterologous system and we showed that, when fused to a Gal4-DNA-binding domain, they repress the transcription of heterologous reporter genes. Since histone deacetylases control MEF2 transcriptional activity and since a putative histone deacetylase binding site was present in LeMADS1, 5 and 6, we tested the potential interaction between these factors and HDAC5 deacetylase. Surprisingly, in this heterologous system, LeMADS1, 5 and 6 interacted with HDAC5 N-terminal region. Our data suggest that, like mammalian MEF2A, plant MADS-box transcriptional activity might be regulated by enzymes controlling chromatin acetylation.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. From pollen tubes to infection threads: recruitment ofMedicagofloral pectic genes for symbiosis

Author: Antonio J. Palomares, Miguel A. Caviedes, Mohammed Dary, Javier Pérez-Hormaeche, Adam Kondorosi, Pascal Ratet, Kaoutar El Mounadi, Viviane Cosson, Ignacio D. Rodríguez-Llorente, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Institut des sciences du végétal (ISV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre [Budapest] (BRC), and Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)
Subjects: MESH: Medicago, 0106 biological sciences, MESH: Polygalacturonase, Root nodule, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Locus (genetics), Flowers, Plant Science, Genes, Plant, 01 natural sciences, Homology (biology), Rhizobia, 03 medical and health sciences, Tobacco, Medicago, MESH: Genes, Plant, MESH: Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Gene family, Symbiosis, MESH: Tobacco, MESH: Phylogeny, Gene, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Sinorhizobium meliloti, MESH: Symbiosis, biology, fungi, Chromosome Mapping, food and beverages, Cell Biology, Plants, Genetically Modified, MESH: Flowers, biology.organism_classification, Medicago truncatula, Polygalacturonase, MESH: Plants, Genetically Modified, MESH: Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases, MESH: Chromosome Mapping, Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases, MESH: Sinorhizobium meliloti, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: While the biology of nitrogen-fixing root nodules has been extensively studied, little is known about the evolutionary events that predisposed legume plants to form symbiosis with rhizobia. We have studied the presence and the expression of two pectic gene families in Medicago, polygalacturonases (PGs) and pectin methyl esterases (PMEs) during the early steps of the Sinorhizobium meliloti-Medicago interaction and compared them with related pollen-specific genes. First, we have compared the expression of MsPG3, a PG gene specifically expressed during the symbiotic interaction, with the expression of MsPG11, a highly homologous pollen-specific gene, using promoter-gus fusions in transgenic M. truncatula and tobacco plants. These results demonstrated that the symbiotic promoter functions as a pollen-specific promoter in the non-legume host. Second, we have identified the presence of a gene family of at least eight differentially expressed PMEs in Medicago. One subfamily is represented by one symbiotic gene (MtPER) and two pollen-expressed genes (MtPEF1 and MtPEF2) that are clustered in the M. truncatula genome. The promoter-gus studies presented in this work and the homology between plant PGs, together with the analysis of the PME locus structure and MtPER expression studies, suggest that the symbiotic MsPG3 and MtPER could have as ancestors pollen-expressed genes involved in polar tip growth processes during pollen tube elongation. Moreover, they could have been recruited after gene duplication in the symbiotic interaction to facilitate polar tip growth during infection thread formation.
Published: 2004
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. LEAFY, le régulateur clé du développement de la fleur. [LEAFY, a master regulator of flower development]

Author: Vachon, Gilles, Tichtinsky, Gabrielle, Parcy, François, Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire végétale (LPCV), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)
Subjects: MESH: Ferns, Arabidopsis thaliana, MESH: Gymnosperms, plant, MESH: Arabidopsis Proteins, MESH: Protein Conformation, flower development, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, MESH: Species Specificity, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, MESH: Arabidopsis, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, MESH: Angiosperms, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, gene, MESH: Evolution, Molecular, MESH: Bryophyta, MESH: Transcription, Genetic, fungi, MESH: Models, Biological, food and beverages, regulation, MESH: Transcription Factors, MESH: Flowers, LEAFY, MESH: Models, Molecular
Abstract: International audience; Flowering plants or angiosperms constitute the vast majority of plant species. Their evolutionary success is largely due to the efficiency of the flower as reproductive structure. Work performed on model plant species in the last 20 years has identified the LEAFY gene as a key regulator of flower development. LEAFY is a unique plant transcription factor responsible for the formation of the earliest floral stage as well as for the induction of homeotic genes triggering floral organ determination. But LEAFY is also present in non-flowering plants such as mosses, ferns and gymnosperms. Recent studies suggest that LEAFY might play a role in cell division and meristem development in basal plants, a function that is probably more ancestral than the later acquired floral function. Analyzing the evolution of the role and the biochemical properties of this peculiar regulator starts to shade light on the mysterious origin of flowering plants.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of a NAC1 transcription factor in Medicago truncatula roots

Author: Sofie Goormachtig, Stefanie De Bodt, Annick De Keyser, Katrien D'haeseleer, Carole Laffont, Griet Den Herder, Florian Frugier, Martin Crespi, Virginie Mortier, Christine Lelandais-Brière, Julie Plet, Marcelle Holsters, Institut des sciences du végétal (ISV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Plant Systems Biology (PSB Center), and Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie [Ghent, Belgique] (VIB)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Physiology, MESH: Plant Shoots, Arabidopsis, MESH: Plant Roots, MESH: Amino Acid Sequence, Plant Science, MESH: RNA, Plant, MESH: Base Sequence, 01 natural sciences, Plant Root Nodulation, Plant Roots, MESH: Protein Structure, Tertiary, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, MESH: Arabidopsis, MESH: Phylogeny, MESH: Tobacco, MESH: Medicago truncatula, Lateral root formation, Phylogeny, Plant Proteins, Regulation of gene expression, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Plant Proteins, biology, food and beverages, MESH: Transcription Factors, Plants, Genetically Modified, MESH: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Medicago truncatula, Cell biology, MESH: Plant Leaves, RNA, Plant, MESH: Plant Root Nodulation, Plant Shoots, MESH: Indoleacetic Acids, MESH: Mutation, MESH: Trans-Activators, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Molecular Sequence Data, MESH: Arabidopsis Proteins, Flowers, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizobia, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Tobacco, MESH: Recombinant Fusion Proteins, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Amino Acid Sequence, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Transcription factor, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, Base Sequence, Indoleacetic Acids, Arabidopsis Proteins, fungi, Lateral root, MESH: Flowers, biology.organism_classification, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Plant Leaves, MicroRNAs, MESH: Plants, Genetically Modified, Mutation, Trans-Activators, MESH: Sinorhizobium meliloti, MESH: MicroRNAs, 010606 plant biology & botany, Sinorhizobium meliloti, Transcription Factors
Abstract: International audience; Legume roots develop two types of lateral organs, lateral roots and nodules. Nodules develop as a result of a symbiotic interaction with rhizobia and provide a niche for the bacteria to fix atmospheric nitrogen for the plant. * The Arabidopsis NAC1 transcription factor is involved in lateral root formation, and is regulated post-transcriptionally by miRNA164 and by SINAT5-dependent ubiquitination. We analyzed in Medicago truncatula the role of the closest NAC1 homolog in lateral root formation and in nodulation. * MtNAC1 shows a different expression pattern in response to auxin than its Arabidopsis homolog and no changes in lateral root number or nodulation were observed in plants affected in MtNAC1 expression. In addition, no interaction was found with SINA E3 ligases, suggesting that post-translational regulation of MtNAC1 does not occur in M. truncatula. Similar to what was found in Arabidopsis, a conserved miR164 target site was retrieved in MtNAC1, which reduced protein accumulation of a GFP-miR164 sensor. Furthermore, miR164 and MtNAC1 show an overlapping expression pattern in symbiotic nodules, and overexpression of this miRNA led to a reduction in nodule number. * This work suggests that regulatory pathways controlling a conserved transcription factor are complex and divergent between M. truncatula and Arabidopsis.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR8 Regulates Arabidopsis Petal Growth by Interacting with the bHLH Transcription Factor BIGPETALp[C][W]

Author: Catherine Perrot-Rechenmann, Julie Leroux, Emilie Varaud, Mohammed Bendahmane, Florian Brioudes, Judit Szécsi, Spencer Brown, Reproduction et développement des plantes (RDP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Virologie humaine, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-IFR128-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des sciences du végétal (ISV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Action Concertee Initiative-Young Investigator Program, Agence Nationale de Recherche [ANR-09-BLAN-0006], Biology Department of the French National Institute for Agronomic Research (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-IFR128-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mutant, Arabidopsis, PROTEIN, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Gene expression, MESH: Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors, MESH: Arabidopsis, ENCODES, Cloning, Molecular, DIFFERENTIAL GROWTH, Research Articles, GENE-EXPRESSION, Genetics, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, PLANT ORGAN SIZE, food and beverages, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Plants, Genetically Modified, Cell biology, FAMILY, DNA-Binding Proteins, MESH: Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Phenotype, MESH: Cell Division, Cell Division, MESH: Indoleacetic Acids, MESH: Arabidopsis Proteins, Flowers, Biology, MESH: Phenotype, CELL EXPANSION, 03 medical and health sciences, Auxin, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, MESH: Cloning, Molecular, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Mitosis, Transcription factor, FLOWER DEVELOPMENT, 030304 developmental biology, THALIANA, Indoleacetic Acids, Cell growth, Arabidopsis Proteins, fungi, Wild type, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Flowers, chemistry, MESH: Plants, Genetically Modified, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, TOMATO, MESH: DNA-Binding Proteins, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Plant organ growth and final size are determined by coordinated cell proliferation and expansion. The BIGPETALp (BPEp) basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor was shown to limit Arabidopsis thaliana petal growth by influencing cell expansion. We demonstrate here that BPEp interacts with AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR8 (ARF8) to affect petal growth. This interaction is mediated through the BPEp C-terminal domain (SDBPEp) and the C-terminal domain of ARF8. Site-directed mutagenesis identified an amino acid consensus motif in SDBPEp that is critical for mediating BPEp-ARF8 interaction. This motif shares sequence similarity with motif III of ARF and AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID proteins. Petals of arf8 mutants are significantly larger than those of the wild type due to increased cell number and increased cell expansion. bpe arf8 double mutant analyses show that during early petal development stages, ARF8 and BPEp work synergistically to limit mitotic growth. During late stages, ARF8 and BPEp interact to limit cell expansion. The alterations in cell division and cell expansion observed in arf8 and/or bpe mutants are associated with a change in expression of early auxin-responsive genes. The data provide evidence of an interaction between an ARF and a bHLH transcription factor and of its biological significance in regulating petal growth, with local auxin levels likely influencing such a biological function.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Inherited biotic protection in a neotropical pioneer plant

Author: Bruno Corbara, Vivien Rossi, Régis Céréghino, Alain Dejean, Céline Leroy, Jacques H. C. Delabie, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau, 45600-000, Itabuna, and Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, 45662-900 Ilhéus-Bahia, Brazil., Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Financial support for this study was provided by the Programme Amazonie II of the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (project 2ID) and the Programme Convergence 2007-2013, Region Guyane from the European Community (project DEGA). JHCD acknowledges the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Technologico(CNPq) for his research grant., Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), AgroParisTech (FRANCE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique - CIRAD (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Blaise Pascal - UBP (FRANCE), Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau - CEPLAC (BRAZIL), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (FRANCE), Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement - LMGE (Aubière, France), Laboratoire Ecologie fonctionnelle et Environnement - EcoLab (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Pollination, Biodiversité et Ecologie, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, MESH: Pollination, MESH: Reproduction, 01 natural sciences, Plant-ants, MESH: Seed Dispersal, Seed Dispersal, MESH: Animals, MESH: Gentianaceae, lcsh:Science, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, biology, Reproduction, Pseudomyrmex, food and beverages, Gentianaceae, Ecosystèmes, Inflorescence, L20 - Écologie animale, Research Article, Evolutionary Processes, F40 - Écologie végétale, Seed dispersal, Foraging, MESH: Ants, Flowers, 010603 evolutionary biology, Animals, Nectar, Formicidae, Biology, Evolutionary Biology, Herbivore, Ants, Plant Ecology, fungi, lcsh:R, 15. Life on land, Ant colony, Chelonanthus alatus, MESH: Flowers, biology.organism_classification, Zoologie des invertébrés, Evolutionary Ecology, lcsh:Q, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Coevolution, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Chelonanthus alatus is a bat-pollinated, pioneer Gentianaceae that clusters in patches where still-standing, dried-out stems are interspersed among live individuals. Flowers bear circum-floral nectaries (CFNs) that are attractive to ants, and seed dispersal is both barochorous and anemochorous. Although, in this study, live individuals never sheltered ant colonies, dried-out hollow stems--that can remain standing for 2 years--did. Workers from species nesting in dried-out stems as well as from ground-nesting species exploited the CFNs of live C. alatus individuals in the same patches during the daytime, but were absent at night (when bat pollination occurs) on 60.5% of the plants. By visiting the CFNs, the ants indirectly protect the flowers--but not the plant foliage--from herbivorous insects. We show that this protection is provided mostly by species nesting in dried-out stems, predominantly Pseudomyrmex gracilis. That dried-out stems remain standing for years and are regularly replaced results in an opportunistic, but stable association where colonies are sheltered by one generation of dead C. alatus while the live individuals nearby, belonging to the next generation, provide them with nectar; in turn, the ants protect their flowers from herbivores. We suggest that the investment in wood by C. alatus individuals permitting still-standing, dried-out stems to shelter ant colonies constitutes an extended phenotype because foraging workers protect the flowers of live individuals in the same patch. Also, through this process these dried-out stems indirectly favor the reproduction (and so the fitness) of the next generation including both their own offspring and that of their siblings, all adding up to a potential case of inclusive fitness in plants.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Cabomba as a model for studies of early angiosperm evolution

Author: Carlos Magdalena, Cédric Finet, Michael Alaux, Charles P. Scutt, Pierre Chambrier, Spencer Brown, Aurélie Chauvet, Fabrice Legeai, Aurélie C. M. Vialette-Guiraud, Paula J. Rudall, Rudall, Paula J., Scutt, Charlie, Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Scalable, Optimized and Parallel Algorithms for Genomics (GenScale), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GESTION DES DONNÉES ET DE LA CONNAISSANCE (IRISA-D7), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Reproduction et développement des plantes (RDP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des sciences du végétal (ISV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), GESTION DES DONNÉES ET DE LA CONNAISSANCE (IRISA-D7), CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, MESH: Genome, Plant, angiosperme, Plant Science, Hydatellaceae, 01 natural sciences, c-value, MESH: Nymphaeaceae, Nymphaeales, évolution, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, 0303 health sciences, biology, evo-devo, food and beverages, flowering plant evolution, Biological Evolution, Flowering plant, Cabombaceae, Evolution and Development, Genome, Plant, cabomba, MESH: Biological Evolution, Flowers, 010603 evolutionary biology, Models, Biological, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic model, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, EST, angiosperm, expressed sequence tags, 030304 developmental biology, Austrobaileyales, ANA grade, floraison, Nymphaeaceae, Cabomba, fungi, trithuria, MESH: Models, Biological, cabombaceae, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Flowers, nymphaeales, hybridation in situ, in situ hybridization, hydatellaceae
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: The angiosperms, or flowering plants, diversified in the Cretaceous to dominate almost all terrestrial environments. Molecular phylogenetic studies indicate that the orders Amborellales, Nymphaeales and Austrobaileyales, collectively termed the ANA grade, diverged as separate lineages from a remaining angiosperm clade at a very early stage in flowering plant evolution. By comparing these early diverging lineages, it is possible to infer the possible morphology and ecology of the last common ancestor of the extant angiosperms, and this analysis can now be extended to try to deduce the developmental mechanisms that were present in early flowering plants. However, not all species in the ANA grade form convenient molecular-genetic models. SCOPE: The present study reviews the genus Cabomba (Nymphaeales), which shows a range of features that make it potentially useful as a genetic model. We focus on characters that have probably been conserved since the last common ancestor of the extant flowering plants. To facilitate the use of Cabomba as a molecular model, we describe methods for its cultivation to flowering in the laboratory, a novel Cabomba flower expressed sequence tag database, a well-adapted in situ hybridization protocol and a measurement of the nuclear genome size of C. caroliniana. We discuss the features required for species to become tractable models, and discuss the relative merits of Cabomba and other ANA-grade angiosperms in molecular-genetic studies aimed at understanding the origin of the flowering plants.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. LEAFY blossoms

Author: Edwige Moyroud, Elske Kusters, Marie Monniaux, Ronald Koes, François Parcy, Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire végétale (LPCV), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences, VU- University, Developmental Genetics, AIMMS, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), VU University Amsterdam, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, cell division, review, plant, Flowers, Plant Science, flower development regulation, 01 natural sciences, ancestral role, Magnoliopsida, 03 medical and health sciences, gymnosperm, LFY, Gene Regulatory Networks, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, MESH: Angiosperms, gene, angiosperm, Plant Proteins, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Gene Regulatory Networks, 0303 health sciences, flowering, MESH: Plant Proteins, fungi, food and beverages, MESH: Transcription Factors, 15. Life on land, MESH: Flowers, LEAFY, function evolution, expression pattern, MESH: Cell Division, Transcription Factors, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The LEAFY (LFY) gene of Arabidopsis and its homologs in other angiosperms encode a unique plant-specific transcription factor that assigns the floral fate of meristems and plays a key role in the patterning of flowers, probably since the origin of flowering plants. LFY-like genes are also found in gymnosperms, ferns and mosses that do not produce flowers, but their role in these plants is poorly understood. Here, we review recent findings explaining how the LFY protein works and how it could have evolved throughout land plant history. We propose that LFY homologs have an ancestral role in regulating cell division and arrangement, and acquired novel functions in seed plants, such as activating reproductive gene networks. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2010
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Sultr4;1 mutant seeds of Arabidopsis have an enhanced sulphate content and modified proteome suggesting metabolic adaptations to altered sulphate compartmentalization

Author: Maya Belghazi, Markus Wirtz, Richard D. Thompson, Jean-Claude Davidian, Rüdiger Hell, Hélène Zuber, Karine Gallardo, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Heidelberg Institute of Plant Sciences, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Centre de recherche en neurobiologie - neurophysiologie de Marseille (CRN2M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Baracco, Chantal, and Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Proteome, Mutant, Sultr4, Plant Science, Vacuole, sulfate, Proteomics, vacuolar membrane, 01 natural sciences, MESH: Cell Compartmentation, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, transcript levels, Arabidopsis, MESH: Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, lcsh:Botany, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, MESH: Arabidopsis, MESH: Nitrogen, protéome, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, MESH: Glutathione, 0303 health sciences, Vegetal Biology, biology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sulfates, SULFUR, SULFATE, VACUOLAR MEMBRANE, SULTR4, TRANSCRIPT LEVELS, BIOLOGIE MOLECULAIRE, BIOLOGIE DU DEVELOPPEMENT, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, MESH: Anion Transport Proteins, Compartmentalization (psychology), Adaptation, Physiological, Glutathione, Amino acid, lcsh:QK1-989, MESH: Plant Leaves, MESH: Proteome, Biochemistry, Seeds, Efflux, Research Article, DNA, Bacterial, MESH: Mutation, expression génique, Nitrogen, Anion Transport Proteins, MESH: Carbon, Flowers, MESH: Arabidopsis Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Gene Expression Profiling, physiologie végétale, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, RNA, Messenger, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: RNA, Messenger, Arabidopsis Proteins, Gene Expression Profiling, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, MESH: Flowers, MESH: Adaptation, Physiological, MESH: DNA, Bacterial, Carbon, Cell Compartmentation, Plant Leaves, Mutagenesis, Insertional, arabidopsis, chemistry, MESH: Mutagenesis, Insertional, MESH: Seeds, Mutation, Biologie végétale, 010606 plant biology & botany, MESH: Sulfates
Abstract: Background Sulphur is an essential macronutrient needed for the synthesis of many cellular components. Sulphur containing amino acids and stress response-related compounds, such as glutathione, are derived from reduction of root-absorbed sulphate. Sulphate distribution in cell compartments necessitates specific transport systems. The low-affinity sulphate transporters SULTR4;1 and SULTR4;2 have been localized to the vacuolar membrane, where they may facilitate sulphate efflux from the vacuole. Results In the present study, we demonstrated that the Sultr4;1 gene is expressed in developing Arabidopsis seeds to a level over 10-fold higher than the Sultr4;2 gene. A characterization of dry mature seeds from a Sultr4;1 T-DNA mutant revealed a higher sulphate content, implying a function for this transporter in developing seeds. A fine dissection of the Sultr4;1 seed proteome identified 29 spots whose abundance varied compared to wild-type. Specific metabolic features characteristic of an adaptive response were revealed, such as an up-accumulation of various proteins involved in sugar metabolism and in detoxification processes. Conclusions This study revealed a role for SULTR4;1 in determining sulphate content of mature Arabidopsis seeds. Moreover, the adaptive response of sultr4;1 mutant seeds as revealed by proteomics suggests a function of SULTR4;1 in redox homeostasis, a mechanism that has to be tightly controlled during development of orthodox seeds.
Published: 2010
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Carbohydrate uptake from xylem vessels and its distribution among stem tissues and buds in walnut (Juglans regia L.)

Author: André Lacointe, Mélanie Decourteix, Mederic Peuch, Agnès Guilliot, Marc Bonhomme, Soulaiman Sakr, Thierry Ameglio, Rémy Rageau, Georges Alves, Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Sciences Agronomiques Appliquées à l'Horticulture (SAGAH), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Sucrose, Physiology, MESH: Carbohydrate Metabolism, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, MESH: Xylem, MESH: Hexoses, [SDV.SA.HORT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Horticulture, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Plant Stems, biology, Plant Stems, MESH: Kinetics, food and beverages, MESH: Glucose, Rest period, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Seasons, Juglans, BUD BREAK, MESH: Biological Transport, Flowers, 14C GLUCOSE, WINTER BIOLOGY, 03 medical and health sciences, Annual growth cycle of grapevines, Xylem, Parenchyma, Botany, 14C SUCROSE, Sugar, 030304 developmental biology, Hexoses, SUGAR FLUXES, fungi, MESH: Sucrose, Biological Transport, Carbohydrate, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Flowers, Kinetics, Glucose, chemistry, MESH: Juglans, MESH: Seasons, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Bud break pattern is a key determinant of tree architecture. The mechanisms leading to the precedence of certain buds over the others are not yet fully explained, but the availability of soluble sugars may play a significant role, especially those in the xylem sap at the onset of the growing period. Here, we measured carbon availability in the different tissues (bud, xylem and bark). To assess the capacity of buds to use the xylem sap carbohydrates, the fluxes between xylem vessels and parenchyma cells, bark and buds of walnut (Juglans regia cv 'Franquette') were measured during the rest period until bud break. This uptake capacity varies according to the temperature, the sugar and the position on the branch of the fragment studied. Between December and March, in xylem tissues, the active component of sucrose uptake was predominant compared with diffusion (90% of the total uptake), whereas the active component accounted for more moderate amounts in buds (50% of the uptake). The active uptake of hexoses took place belatedly (April) in xylem. The flow rates between xylem vessels and buds increased 1 month before bud break and reached 2000 microg sucrose h(-)(1) g DW(-)(1). Fluxes seemed to depend on bud position on the branch. However, this study strongly suggests that they were mainly dependent on the sink strength of the buds and on the sink competition between bud, xylem parenchyma and bark.
Published: 2010
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. Pollination biology of Eulophia alta (Orchidaceae) in Amazonia: effects of pollinator composition on reproductive success in different populations

Author: Andreas Jürgens, Simone R. Bosch, Gerhard Gottsberger, Dawn Frame, Antonio Carlos Webber, Taina Witt, School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), Botanischer Garten und Herbarium, Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Insecta, Pollination, Floral biology, Plant Science, Flowers, Biology, Centris, MESH: Pollination, MESH: Reproduction, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Nectar composition, MESH: Insects, Amazonia, Pollinator, [SDE.BE.EVO]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.evo, Nectar, Animals, MESH: Animals, Floral volatiles, Orchidaceae, Labellum, Eulophia alta, Reproductive success, Ecology, Reproduction, Pollinator performance, Original Articles, 15. Life on land, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Flowers, MESH: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, MESH: Pollen, Pollen, MESH: Orchidaceae, GC-MS, MESH: Brazil, Brazil, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: A-09-50; International audience; BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Spatial variation in pollinator composition and abundance is a well-recognized phenomenon. However, a weakness of many studies claiming specificity of plant-pollinator interactions is that they are often restricted to a single locality. The aim of the present study was to investigate pollinator effectiveness of the different flower visitors to the terrestrial orchid Eulophia alta at three different localities and to analyse whether differences in pollinator abundance and composition effect this plant's reproductive success. METHODS: Natural pollination was observed in vivo, and manipulative experiments were used to study the pollination biology and breeding system of E. alta at three sites near Manaus, Brazil. To gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of pollinator attraction, nectar composition and secretion patterns were also studied, floral scent composition was analysed and a bioassay was conducted. KEY RESULTS: Flower visitors, pollinator composition, pollinia transfer efficiency of particular pollinator species and natural fruit set differed among the investigated populations of E. alta. Flowers were self-compatible, partially autogamous and effectively pollinated by five bee species (four Centris species and Xylocopa muscaria). Visiting insects appeared to imbibe small amounts of hexose-rich nectar. Nectar sugar content was highest on the third day after flower opening. Floral fragrance analyses revealed 42 compounds, of which monoterpenes and benzenoids predominated. A bioassay using floral parts revealed that only floral tissue from the labellum chamber and labellum tip was attractive to flower visitors. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that observed differences in reproductive success in the three populations cannot be explained by absolute abundance of pollinators alone. Due to behavioural patterns such as disturbance of effective pollinators on flowers by male Centris varia bees defending territory, pollinia transfer efficiencies of particular pollinator species also vary between study sites and result in differing reproductive success.
Published: 2009
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. Ferritins control interaction between iron homeostasis and oxidative stress in Arabidopsis

Author: Françoise Cellier, Frédéric Gaymard, Jossia Boucherez, Karl Ravet, Jean-François Briat, Brigitte Touraine, Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Arabidopsis, Plant Science, MESH: RNA, Plant, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Carbon Dioxide, 01 natural sciences, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Homeostasis, oxidative stress, MESH: Arabidopsis, Photosynthesis, MESH: Photosynthesis, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Iron, MESH: Oxidative Stress, biology, MESH: Reactive Oxygen Species, iron storage, MESH: Plant Leaves, Biochemistry, RNA, Plant, MESH: Homeostasis, DNA, Bacterial, MESH: Mutation, Iron, MESH: Ferritins, Germination, Flowers, MESH: Arabidopsis Proteins, MESH: Germination, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, 030304 developmental biology, Reactive oxygen species, Arabidopsis Proteins, ACL, ferritin, Cell Biology, iron transporter, Carbon Dioxide, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Flowers, MESH: DNA, Bacterial, Enzyme assay, Plant Leaves, Ferritin, Mutagenesis, Insertional, chemistry, MESH: Mutagenesis, Insertional, Seedlings, Seedling, Ferritins, Mutation, biology.protein, iron homeostasis, MESH: Seedling, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative stress, Function (biology), 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Ferritin protein nanocages are the main iron store in mammals. They have been predicted to fulfil the same function in plants but direct evidence was lacking. To address this, a loss-of-function approach was developed in Arabidopsis. We present evidence that ferritins do not constitute the major iron pool either in seeds for seedling development or in leaves for proper functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus. Loss of ferritins in vegetative and reproductive organs resulted in sensitivity to excess iron, as shown by reduced growth and strong defects in flower development. Furthermore, the absence of ferritin led to a strong deregulation of expression of several metal transporters genes in the stalk, over-accumulation of iron in reproductive organs, and a decrease in fertility. Finally, we show that, in the absence of ferritin, plants have higher levels of reactive oxygen species, and increased activity of enzymes involved in their detoxification. Seed germination also showed higher sensitivity to pro-oxidant treatments. Arabidopsis ferritins are therefore essential to protect cells against oxidative damage.
Published: 2009
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. New resources for studying the rose flowering process

Author: Fabrice Foucher, Christophe CorreC. Corre, Vanessa Soufflet-Freslon, Fabrice LegeaiF. Legeai, Laurence Hibrand-Saint Oyant, Michel ChevalierM. Chevalier, Génétique et Horticulture (GenHort), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, MESH: Genetic Markers, 01 natural sciences, RECURRENT BLOOMING, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Arabidopsis, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, MESH: Genes, Plant, Cloning, Molecular, MESH: Phylogeny, reproductive and urinary physiology, Phylogeny, photoperiodism, ROSE, Expressed Sequence Tags, 0303 health sciences, Expressed sequence tag, food and beverages, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, General Medicine, MESH: Crosses, Genetic, MESH: Rosa, Gibberellin, Biotechnology, MESH: Genes, Developmental, Genetic Markers, Flowers, Biology, Genes, Plant, Rosa, MESH: Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, MESH: Expressed Sequence Tags, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, Ornamental plant, Botany, MESH: Gene Library, Genetics, EST, MESH: Cloning, Molecular, Genes, Developmental, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Molecular Biology, Gibberellic acid, FLORAISON REMONTANTE, Crosses, Genetic, 030304 developmental biology, Gene Library, Rose (mathematics), fungi, INITIATION FLORALE, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Flowers, Apex (geometry), chemistry, FLORAL INITIATION, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Knowledge of the flowering process — an important trait in ornamental plants such as roses — is necessary for efficient control of flowering. This study was carried out to develop and characterize new resources to gain further insight into floral control in rose. We studied floral initiation in a nonrecurrent blooming rose (hybrid of Rosa wichurana ) and a recurrent blooming rose ( Rosa hybrida Black Baccara®). In Black Baccara®, floral initiation took place rapidly after bud burst, whereas in the greenhouse R. wichurana remained vegetative. During floral initiation, the apex enlarged and domed quickly and concomitantly. This is the first description of this transition between the vegetative and floral bud stages in rose. From these vegetative and pre-floral tissues, two cDNA libraries were constructed and 5000 ESTs sequenced. By collecting our ESTs and those available in public databases, we developed a comprehensive database representing ~5000 unique sequences after clustering. By screening this database for candidate genes involved in the flowering process, we identified 13 genes potentially involved in gibberellic acid signalling, photoperiod pathways, and floral development. Based on expression data, we put forward different hypotheses on the control of flowering in rose (photoperiod control and involvement of gibberellins) relative to what is already known in Arabidopsis .
Published: 2008
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Structural basis for LEAFY floral switch function and similarity with helix-turn-helix proteins

Author: Jean-Louis Martiel, Cécile Hamès, Denis Ptchelkine, Emmanuel Thévenon, Reyes Benlloch, Christoph W. Müller, Francine C. A. Gérard, Edwige Moyroud, François Parcy, Clemens Grimm, Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire végétale (LPCV), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, Unit of Virus Host Cell Interactions (UVHCI), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TIMB, Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Martiel, Jean-Louis, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Models, Molecular, MESH: Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Protein Conformation, Arabidopsis, Sequence Homology, Helix-turn-helix, MESH: Amino Acid Sequence, Crystallography, X-Ray, 01 natural sciences, MESH: Protein Conformation, Protein structure, Models, MESH: Animals, MESH: Arabidopsis, Promoter Regions, Genetic, [INFO.INFO-BI] Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Crystallography, [SDV.BIBS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], biology, General Neuroscience, MESH: DNA, food and beverages, MESH: Transcription Factors, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Cell biology, Amino Acid, MESH: Promoter Regions (Genetics), MESH: Nucleic Acid Conformation, Promoter Regions (Genetics), Homeotic gene, Dimerization, MESH: Models, Molecular, Protein Binding, MESH: Helix-Turn-Helix Motifs, Macromolecular Substances, Molecular Sequence Data, MESH: Sequence Alignment, MESH: Arabidopsis Proteins, Flowers, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Molecular evolution, MESH: Protein Binding, Animals, Amino Acid Sequence, Molecular Biology, Leafy, 030304 developmental biology, Helix-Turn-Helix Motifs, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, General Immunology and Microbiology, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Arabidopsis Proteins, fungi, Molecular, MESH: Macromolecular Substances, DNA, Meristem, MESH: Crystallography, X-Ray, MESH: Flowers, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Dimerization, X-Ray, Homeobox, Nucleic Acid Conformation, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Sequence Alignment, 010606 plant biology & botany, Transcription Factors
Abstract: International audience; The LEAFY (LFY) protein is a key regulator of flower development in angiosperms. Its gradually increased expression governs the sharp floral transition, and LFY subsequently controls the patterning of flower meristems by inducing the expression of floral homeotic genes. Despite a wealth of genetic data, how LFY functions at the molecular level is poorly understood. Here, we report crystal structures for the DNA-binding domain of Arabidopsis thaliana LFY bound to two target promoter elements. LFY adopts a novel seven-helix fold that binds DNA as a cooperative dimer, forming base-specific contacts in both the major and minor grooves. Cooperativity is mediated by two basic residues and plausibly accounts for LFY's effectiveness in triggering sharp developmental transitions. Our structure reveals an unexpected similarity between LFY and helix-turn-helix proteins, including homeodomain proteins known to regulate morphogenesis in higher eukaryotes. The appearance of flowering plants has been linked to the molecular evolution of LFY. Our study provides a unique framework to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying floral development and the evolutionary history of flowering plants.
Published: 2008
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. The POK/AtVPS52 protein localizes to several distinct post-Golgi compartments in sporophytic and gametophytic cells

Author: Monique Durandet, Nathalie Vrielynck, Béatrice Satiat-Jeunemaitre, Marie-Thérèse Crosnier, Philippe Guerche, Patrick J. Hussey, Sandrine Bonhomme, Hélène Guermonprez, Andrei Smertenko, Institut des sciences du végétal (ISV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station de Génétique et d'Amélioration des Plantes, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, GOLGI AND POST-GOLGI COMPARTMENT, VESICLE TRAFFICKING, MESH: Vesicular Transport Proteins, Physiology, Mutant, Arabidopsis, Vesicular Transport Proteins, Golgi Apparatus, BREFELDIN-A, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, MESH: Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, MESH: Microscopy, Confocal, Pollen tube tip, MESH: Arabidopsis, RETROMER, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Microscopy, Confocal, POLLEN, food and beverages, Brefeldin A, PLANT CELL, Immunohistochemistry, Cell biology, MESH: Intracellular Membranes, SNARE, symbols, GROWTH, ARABIDOPSIS MUTANT, MESH: Mutation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Protein subunit, POLLEN TUBE, MESH: Arabidopsis Proteins, Flowers, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, MESH: Golgi Apparatus, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Endomembrane system, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, COMPLEX, Arabidopsis Proteins, ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA, MESH: Immunohistochemistry, PHARMACOLOGIE, Intracellular Membranes, Golgi apparatus, MESH: Multiprotein Complexes, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Flowers, HOMOLOG, chemistry, Multiprotein Complexes, GARP/VFT COMPLEX, Mutation, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; The organization and dynamics of the plant endomembrane system require both universal and plant-specific molecules and compartments. The latter, despite the growing wealth of information, remains poorly understood. From the study of an Arabidopsis thaliana male gametophytic mutant, it was possible to isolate a gene named POKY POLLEN TUBE (POK) essential for pollen tube tip growth. The similarity between the predicted POK protein sequence and yeast Vps52p, a subunit from the GARP/VFT complex which is involved in the docking of vesicles from the prevacuolar compartment to the Golgi apparatus, suggested that the POK protein plays a role in plant membrane trafficking. Genetic analysis of Arabidopsis mutants affecting AtVPS53 or AtVPS54 genes which encode putative POK partners shows a transmission defect through the male gametophyte for all lines, which is similar to the pok mutant. Using a combination of biochemical approaches and specific antiserum it has been demonstrated that the POK protein is present in phylogenetically divergent plant species, associated with membranes and belongs to a high molecular weight complex. Combination of immunolocalization studies and pharmacological approaches in different plant cells revealed that the POK protein associates with Golgi and post-Golgi compartments. The role of POK in post-Golgi endomembrane trafficking and as a member of a putative plant GARP/VFT complex is discussed.
Published: 2008
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. Two cell-cycle regulated SET-domain proteins interact with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in Arabidopsis

Author: Séverine Domenichini, Claudette Perennes, Eva Kondorosi, Catherine Bergounioux, Cécile Raynaud, Nathalie Glab, Rosangela Sozzani, Rino Cella, Institut des sciences du végétal (ISV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Genetics and Microbiology, and University of Pavia
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Amino Acid Motifs, Arabidopsis, Eukaryotic DNA replication, MESH: Cell Cycle, MESH: DNA Replication, Cell Cycle Proteins, Plant Science, MESH: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, 01 natural sciences, DNA polymerase delta, MESH: Amino Acid Motifs, MESH: Protein Structure, Tertiary, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, MESH: Arabidopsis, Plastids, 0303 health sciences, DNA clamp, biology, Cell Cycle, Nuclear Proteins, MESH: Plastids, Cell cycle, Cell biology, MESH: E2F Transcription Factors, MESH: Cell Nucleus, DNA Replication, Plant Infertility, DNA repair, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Green Fluorescent Proteins, MESH: Arabidopsis Proteins, Flowers, MESH: Two-Hybrid System Techniques, 03 medical and health sciences, Replication factor C, MESH: Green Fluorescent Proteins, MESH: Cell Cycle Proteins, MESH: Cell Proliferation, Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen, Two-Hybrid System Techniques, Genetics, MESH: Recombinant Fusion Proteins, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, 030304 developmental biology, Cell Proliferation, Cell Nucleus, Arabidopsis Proteins, DNA replication, Cell Biology, MESH: Flowers, Molecular biology, Proliferating cell nuclear antigen, E2F Transcription Factors, Protein Structure, Tertiary, MESH: Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen, biology.protein, MESH: Plant Infertility, MESH: Nuclear Proteins, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) functions as a sliding clamp for DNA polymerase, and is thus a key actor in DNA replication. It is also involved in DNA repair, maintenance of heterochromatic regions throughout replication, cell cycle regulation and programmed cell death. Identification of PCNA partners is therefore necessary for understanding these processes. Here we identify two Arabidopsis SET-domain proteins that interact with PCNA: ATXR5 and ATXR6. A truncated ATXR5Deltaex2, incapable of interacting with PCNA, also occurs in planta. ATXR6, upregulated during the S phase, is upregulated by AtE2F transcription factors, suggesting that it is required for S-phase progression. The two proteins differ in their subcellular localization: ATXR5 has a dual localization in plastids and in the nucleus, whereas ATXR6 is solely nuclear. This indicates that the two proteins may play different roles in plant cells. However, overexpression of either ATXR5 or ATXR6 causes male sterility because of the degeneration of defined cell types. Taken together, our results suggest that both proteins may play a role in the cell cycle or DNA replication, and that the activity of ATXR5 may be regulated via its subcellular localization.
Published: 2006
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. Two roles for Rad50 in telomere maintenance

Author: Jean-Baptiste Vannier, Annie Depeiges, Maria Eugenia Gallego, Charles I. White, White, Charles, Génétique, Reproduction et Développement (GReD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Telomerase, Indoles, Mutant, Arabidopsis, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Arabidopsis, MESH: Models, Genetic, MESH: Chromosomes, Plant, MESH: In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Base Pairing, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Anaphase, MESH: Indoles, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, General Neuroscience, MESH: Telomerase, Telomere, MESH: Reproducibility of Results, MESH: Cell Nucleus, MESH: Mutation, DNA, Plant, MESH: Base Pairing, Flowers, MESH: Arabidopsis Proteins, Biology, MESH: Anaphase, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Chromosomes, Plant, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Sister chromatids, MESH: DNA, Plant, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Cell Nucleus, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, MESH: Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, General Immunology and Microbiology, Models, Genetic, Arabidopsis Proteins, Chromosome, Reproducibility of Results, MESH: Flowers, Molecular biology, Rad50, MESH: Telomere, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; We describe two roles for the Rad50 protein in telomere maintenance and the protection of chromosome ends. Using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and fibre-FISH analyses, we show that absence of AtRad50 protein leads to rapid shortening of a subpopulation of chromosome ends and subsequently chromosome-end fusions lacking telomeric repeats. In the absence of telomerase, mutation of atrad50 has a synergistic effect on the number of chromosome end fusions. Surprisingly, this 'deprotection' of the shortened telomeres does not result in increased exonucleolytic degradation, but in a higher proportion of anaphase bridges containing telomeric repeats in atrad50/tert plants, compared to tert mutant plants. Absence of AtRad50 thus facilitates the action of recombination on these shortened telomeres. We propose that this protective role of Rad50 protein on shortened telomeres results from its action in constraining recombination to sister chromatids and thus avoiding end-to-end interactions.
Published: 2006
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. Catalase activity and expression in developing sunflower seeds as related to drying

Author: Françoise Corbineau, Juliette Leymarie, Arnaud Lehner, Daniel Côme, Sandra Rousseau, Christophe Bailly, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement (LBD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie des Semences = Seed biology (LBD-E01), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement ( LBD ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Biologie des Semences = Seed biology ( LBD-E01 ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale ( Glyco-MEV ), Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), VIBS ( GIPSA-VIBS ), Département Images et Signal ( GIPSA-DIS ), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique ( GIPSA-lab ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique ( GIPSA-lab ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Physiology, MESH : Protein Subunits, Plant Science, [SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], 01 natural sciences, Lipid peroxidation, chemistry.chemical_compound, [ SDV.BBM.BC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Malondialdehyde, [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], [SDV.BDD.GAM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Gametogenesis, 2. Zero hunger, MESH : Isoenzymes, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Helianthus, [ SDV.BV.PEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, food and beverages, Helianthus annuus, [SDV.BBM.MN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular Networks [q-bio.MN], Catalase, MESH: Protein Subunits, Sunflower, Isoenzymes, Horticulture, [ SDV.BV.AP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Plant breeding, seed drying, Germination, [ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Seeds, MESH: Isoenzymes, Helianthus, MESH: Hydrogen Peroxide, seed development, Peroxidase, MESH: Malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, [ SDV.BBM.BM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Flowers, Biology, [ SDV.BC.IC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], 03 medical and health sciences, [ SDV.BBM.MN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular Networks [q-bio.MN], [ SDV.BDD.GAM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Gametogenesis, MESH : Catalase, MESH: Catalase, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Botany, MESH : Helianthus, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], 030304 developmental biology, MESH : Malondialdehyde, MESH : Flowers, [ SDV.BC.BC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], [ SDV.BIO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, MESH: Flowers, MESH : Seeds, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, [ CHIM.POLY ] Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Protein Subunits, [SDV.BV.AP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Plant breeding, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, MESH: Seeds, biology.protein, Dormancy, MESH : Hydrogen Peroxide, Desiccation, MESH : Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Changes in catalase (CAT) activity and in CAT isoform pattern and expression were investigated in developing sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds during desiccation on the mother plant and after artificial drying on the flowerheads. Seeds regularly desiccated during their development on the mother plant and reached mass maturity at c. 42 d after flowering (DAF). Freshly harvested seeds did not germinate at any stage of development because they were dormant, but their dormancy was broken after 5-6 months of dry storage. Immature seeds were desiccation-tolerant at 24 DAF since they were able to germinate fully after artificial drying on the flowerheads followed by dry storage. CAT activity increased in non-dehydrated seeds during their development, reaching a maximum a little after seed mass maturity and after artificial drying in immature seeds. This stimulation of CAT activity by natural and artificial drying was related to changes in CAT isoform pattern. Of the four constitutive CAT subunits, that of 59 kDa was always present, but dehydration induced the synthesis of a 55 kDa subunit. This synthesis of the CAT 55 kDa subunit resulted from an activation of the CATA1 gene, suggesting that the regulation of catalase activity and synthesis by drying occurred at the transcriptional level. The increase in CAT activity induced by seed drying was associated with a decrease in hydrogen peroxide level and in lipid peroxidation. These results suggest that CAT plays a role during seed desiccation by preventing dehydration-related oxidative damage and that H(2)O(2) may play a role in the regulation of CAT gene expression and the transduction pathway of the dehydration signal.
Published: 2004
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. The Arabidopsis homologue of Xrcc3 plays an essential role in meiosis

Author: Jean-Yves Bleuyard, Charles I. White, White, Charles, Génétique, Reproduction et Développement (GReD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, DNA Repair, DNA repair, Mitomycin, RAD51, Arabidopsis, Sequence Homology, Flowers, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, MESH: Arabidopsis Proteins, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Genetic recombination, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, XRCC2, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Arabidopsis, MESH: Sequence Homology, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, MESH: DNA Repair, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, General Immunology and Microbiology, Arabidopsis Proteins, General Neuroscience, MESH: Mitomycin, fungi, Synapsis, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Flowers, DNA-Binding Proteins, Chromosome Pairing, Meiosis, Mutagenesis, Insertional, MESH: Meiosis, MESH: Chromosome Pairing, MESH: Mutagenesis, Insertional, RAD51C, Homologous recombination, MESH: DNA-Binding Proteins, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; The eukaryotic RecA homologue Rad51 is a key factor in homologous recombination and recombinational repair. Rad51-like proteins have been identified from yeast (Rad55, Rad57 and Dmc1) to vertebrates (Rad51B, Rad51C, Rad51D, Xrcc2, Xrcc3 and Dmc1). These Rad51-like proteins are all members of the genetic recombination and DNA damage repair pathways. The sequenced genome of Arabidopsis thaliana encodes putative homologues of all six vertebrate Rad51-like proteins. We have identified and characterized an Arabidopsis mutant defective for one of these, AtXRCC3, the homologue of XRCC3. atxrcc3 plants are sterile, while they have normal vegetative development. Cytological observation shows that the atxrcc3 mutation does not affect homologous chromosome synapsis, but leads to chromosome fragmentation after pachytene, thus disrupting both male and female gametogenesis. This study shows an essential role for AtXrcc3 in meiosis in plants and possibly in other higher eukaryotes. Furthermore, atxrcc3 cells and plants are hypersensitive to DNA-damaging treatments, supporting the involvement of this Arabidopsis Rad51-like protein in recombinational repair.
Published: 2004
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Effect of cis/trans isomerism of beta-carotene on the ratios of volatile compounds produced during oxidative degradation

Author: Aurélie Bosser-DeRatuld, Jean-Marc Belin, Jean-Claude Lhuguenot, Yves Waché, Génie des Procédés Microbiologiques et Alimentaires (GPMA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Laboratoire de Microbioologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Génie des Procédés Microbiologiques et Alimentaires ( GPMA ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Laboratoire de Microbioologie, UMR INRA 1283 Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la. Nutrition et à l'Alimentation, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA )
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, MESH: Oxidation-Reduction, medicine.medical_treatment, Ionone, 01 natural sciences, MESH: Terpenes, chemistry.chemical_compound, Organic chemistry, [INFO.INFO-BT]Computer Science [cs]/Biotechnology, Flavor, biology, MESH : Volatilization, Carotene, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, MESH : Isomerism, beta Carotene, MESH : Odors, 040401 food science, MESH: beta Carotene, MESH : beta Carotene, Thermodynamics, MESH: Thermodynamics, MESH : Terpenes, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, MESH: Fruit, Oxidation-Reduction, [ INFO.INFO-BT ] Computer Science [cs]/Biotechnology, food.ingredient, MESH : Norisoprenoids, Odors, Radical, Dihydroactinidiolide, MESH : Fruit, Flowers, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, food, Isomerism, 010608 biotechnology, medicine, MESH: Isomerism, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Aroma, MESH : Oxidation-Reduction, MESH : Thermodynamics, MESH: Odors, MESH : Flowers, Terpenes, Food additive, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Flowers, chemistry, Fruit, Odorants, MESH: Volatilization, MESH: Norisoprenoids, Volatilization, Norisoprenoids, Cis–trans isomerism
Abstract: International audience; beta-Carotene is, when cleaved, an important source of flavor and aroma compounds in fruits and flowers. Among these aroma compounds, the main degradation products are beta-ionone, 5,6-epoxy-beta-ionone, and dihydroactinidiolide (DHA), which are associated by flavorists and perfumers with fruity, floral, and woody notes. These three species can be produced by degradation of beta-carotene through an attack by enzyme-generated free radicals and a cleavage at the C9-C10 bond. This study investigated the influence of cis/trans isomerism at the C9-C10 bond on the production of beta-carotene degradation compounds, first with a predictive approach and then experimentally with different isomer mixtures. beta-Carotene solutions containing high ratios of 9-cis-isomers produced more DHA, suggesting a different pathway than for the transformation of all-trans-beta-carotene to ionone and DHA. These results are important in the search for financially viable processes to produce natural carotene-derived aroma compounds.
Published: 2003
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources

Refine your results

23 results on '"MESH: Flowers"'

1. Duplication of a domestication locus neutralized a cryptic variant that caused a breeding barrier in tomato

2. The influence of population structure on gene expression and flowering time variation in the ubiquitous weed Capsella bursa-pastoris (Brassicaceae)

3. Evolution of oil-producing trichomes in Sisyrinchium (Iridaceae): insights from the first comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus

4. Identification of three tomato flower and fruit MADS-box proteins with a putative histone deacetylase binding domain

5. From pollen tubes to infection threads: recruitment ofMedicagofloral pectic genes for symbiosis

6. LEAFY, le régulateur clé du développement de la fleur. [LEAFY, a master regulator of flower development]

7. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of a NAC1 transcription factor in Medicago truncatula roots

8. AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR8 Regulates Arabidopsis Petal Growth by Interacting with the bHLH Transcription Factor BIGPETALp[C][W]

9. Inherited biotic protection in a neotropical pioneer plant

10. Cabomba as a model for studies of early angiosperm evolution

11. LEAFY blossoms

12. Sultr4;1 mutant seeds of Arabidopsis have an enhanced sulphate content and modified proteome suggesting metabolic adaptations to altered sulphate compartmentalization

13. Carbohydrate uptake from xylem vessels and its distribution among stem tissues and buds in walnut (Juglans regia L.)

14. Pollination biology of Eulophia alta (Orchidaceae) in Amazonia: effects of pollinator composition on reproductive success in different populations

15. Ferritins control interaction between iron homeostasis and oxidative stress in Arabidopsis

16. New resources for studying the rose flowering process

17. Structural basis for LEAFY floral switch function and similarity with helix-turn-helix proteins

18. The POK/AtVPS52 protein localizes to several distinct post-Golgi compartments in sporophytic and gametophytic cells

19. Two cell-cycle regulated SET-domain proteins interact with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in Arabidopsis

20. Two roles for Rad50 in telomere maintenance

21. Catalase activity and expression in developing sunflower seeds as related to drying

22. The Arabidopsis homologue of Xrcc3 plays an essential role in meiosis

23. Effect of cis/trans isomerism of beta-carotene on the ratios of volatile compounds produced during oxidative degradation

Catalog

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Journal

Database

Publisher

23 results on '"MESH: Flowers"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources