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1. Santé publique en transition, Petits manuels de la grande transition

Author

Harpet, Cyrille, Baurès, Estelle, Marrauld, Laurie, Peretti Ndiaye, Marie, Vinot, Didier, EHESP-ARENES (EHESP-ARENES), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), École polytechnique (i3-CRG), Palaiseau, France, Laboratoire Génie Industriel (LGI), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Recherche Magellan, Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon

Subjects
santé publique, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, MESH: health, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Des pistes pour réfléchir…Les crises environnementales et la pandémie actuelle ont révélé l’urgence de mener une réflexion profonde sur la santé publique. Il est temps d’en repenser les valeurs, les fondements et les pratiques. Les approches médico-centrées et curatives ne répondent plus aux défis sanitaires, sociaux et écologiques à l’ère de l’Anthropocène.Une approche innovanteDésormais, le lien entre « santé humaine » et « santé environnementale » est à restaurer. Les dynamiques sociales, territoriales, environnementales, politiques et psychologiques affectent l’état de santé des populations. Faire de la place à la santé publique dans le débat démocratique, repenser l’organisation du care, intégrer les technologies du numérique sont autant de questions essentielles ouvrant des voies de transitions.Repenser la santéCe sont tous ces enjeux que soulève ce Petit manuel de la Grande transition, pour les enseignants et étudiants des métiers de la santé publique, du secteur social… et au-delà. Par une approche interdisciplinaire de « santé-environnement », il s’agit de franchir six portes, qui sont autant de voies de questionnement, afin de repenser la santé et de repenser notre système de santé.Raccorder l’enseignement supérieur aux enjeux écologiques et sociaux de notre époque : telle est l’ambition du collectif d’enseignants-chercheurs FORTES qui a réfléchi et écrit le volume de la collection des Petits manuels de la Grande transition que vous tenez entre les mains.

Published
2022

2. Santé publique en transition, Petits manuels de la grande transition

Author

Harpet, Cyrille, Baurès, Estelle, Marrauld, Laurie, Peretti Ndiaye, Marie, Vinot, Didier, Chambaud, Laurent, Thivant, Eric, Centre de Recherches sur l'Action Politique en Europe (ARENES), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Rennes-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Département des sciences en santé environnementale (DEESSE), Institut du Management (IDM), Laboratoire de Recherche Magellan, Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon

Subjects
Politique environnement, MESH: health, Santé publique, Inégalité sociale, Réchauffement climatique, Système santé, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Santé environnementale, Numérique, Innovation technologique, Valeurs, Epidémie, Facteur risque, Territorialisation, TIC, Démocratie sanitaire, Ecologie, Surveillance environnement, Transition écologique, Anthropocène, Covid 19, Inégalité devant soins, Epidémiologie, Environnement, Management, Politique publique, Développement durable, Transition, Historique, Organisation soins, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Biodiversité, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, Infection, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Politique santé, Mondialisation
Abstract

International audience; Des pistes pour réfléchir…Les crises environnementales et la pandémie actuelle ont révélé l’urgence de mener une réflexion profonde sur la santé publique. Il est temps d’en repenser les valeurs, les fondements et les pratiques. Les approches médico-centrées et curatives ne répondent plus aux défis sanitaires, sociaux et écologiques à l’ère de l’Anthropocène.Une approche innovanteDésormais, le lien entre « santé humaine » et « santé environnementale » est à restaurer. Les dynamiques sociales, territoriales, environnementales, politiques et psychologiques affectent l’état de santé des populations. Faire de la place à la santé publique dans le débat démocratique, repenser l’organisation du care, intégrer les technologies du numérique sont autant de questions essentielles ouvrant des voies de transitions.Repenser la santéCe sont tous ces enjeux que soulève ce Petit manuel de la Grande transition, pour les enseignants et étudiants des métiers de la santé publique, du secteur social… et au-delà. Par une approche interdisciplinaire de « santé-environnement », il s’agit de franchir six portes, qui sont autant de voies de questionnement, afin de repenser la santé et de repenser notre système de santé.Raccorder l’enseignement supérieur aux enjeux écologiques et sociaux de notre époque : telle est l’ambition du collectif d’enseignants-chercheurs FORTES qui a réfléchi et écrit le volume de la collection des Petits manuels de la Grande transition que vous tenez entre les mains.

Published
2022

3. 'EcoSysTerm' Communication des systèmes vivants : Cartographie de la littérature en lien avec les perturbations environnementales multi-niveaux

Author

Thomas-Vaslin, Véronique, Douillet, Auriane, Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de la Transition Environnementale - Sorbonne Université (SU-ITE), Sorbonne Université, and Institut de la Transition Environnementale-Sorbonne Université

Subjects
[SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Text mining of scientific literature, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Immunopathology, MESH: health, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Ageing, immune system, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDV.IMM.IA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunology, MESH: biodiversity, Biodiversity loss, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], environmental perturbations, MESH: ecosystems, MESH: perturbations, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract

EcoSysTerm dévoile les réseaux d'interactions et communication entre les systèmes vivants à travers les réseaux de mots, et leur proximité dans la littérature scientifique. Les cartographies EcoSysTerm permettent de visualiser: (i) Les impacts des changements récents de nos modes de vie sur la santé des humains et des micro et macro-écosystèmes de l'organisme, et l'impact des perturbations environnementales multi-niveaux. (ii) La communication entre systèmes vivants, organismes et micro-écosystèmes immunitaires et microbiens, dont la biodiversité et résilience co-évoluent. (iii) La prévention des risques pour préserver la résilience des systèmes vivants, la biodiversité, et prévenir l'émergence de pathologies nouvelles.

Published
2021

4. Comparaison des problématiques de santé des jeunes migrants avec celles des jeunes non-migrants en rupture consultant dans l’Unité Guy Môquet de l’Hôtel Dieu à Paris

Author

defour, thibault, Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine (UPD5 Médecine), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), and Thomas Girard

Subjects
Rupture, Epidemiologie, MESH: Adolescent, Santé, MESH: Rupture, MESH: Health, MESH: Socioeconomic Factors, MESH: Transients and Migrants, Prevention, Inegalités, Precarité, Migrants, Jeunes, MESH: Epidemiology, MESH: Prevention & Control, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

L’objectif principal de cette thèse est de comparer les problématiques de santé entre les jeunes migrants et les non-migrants. Notre étude épidémiologique descriptive transversale à recueil rétrospectif monocentrique dans l’Unité Guy Môquet de l’Hôtel Dieu à Paris a porté sur l’analyse des dossiers des 1048 jeunes primo-consultants entre le 01/09/15 et le 31/08/16.Les migrants ont une prévalence plus forte d’immunotolérance au VHB (6,3% contre 0%), d’infection par H. pylori (18,4% contre 3,1%), de tuberculose latente (8,2% contre 0%) ou de bilharziose urinaire (1,8% contre 0%).Ils ont une plus faible couverture vaccinale ROR (46,0% contre 61,8%) et VHB (21,1% contre 52,7%) et des caries dentaires multiples fréquentes (14,4% contre 7,1%). Ils ont également plus de douleurs abdominales (18,7% contre 11,6%), de céphalées (14,4% contre 8,9%) et d’ESPT. Les migrants sont moins touchés par les consommations quotidiennes de tabac (22,2% contre 44,7%), et de cannabis (5,5% contre 15,1%) et celle occasionnelle d’alcool (16,1% contre 29,6%). Ils ont moins de troubles du sommeil (34,4% contre 43,8%) dont la désynchronisation (2,0% contre 9,8%), de tentatives de suicide (3,2% contre 7,3%), de dépression (1,0% contre 3,3%) et de troubles psychotiques (0,3% contre 1,8%). Ils ont moins d’allergies (9,0% contre 22,7%) et d’asthme (3,5% contre 8,2%). Chez les hommes migrants, il y a moins d’obésité (1,8% contre 9,1%) et d’infection à Chlamydia (1,8% contre 5,7%).Les migrants sont plus touchés par des maladies infectieuses, des carences de médecine préventive et des ESPT. Ils ont moins d’addictions, de pathologies psychiatriques, de dysrythmies et d’allergies.

Published
2018

5. Host-Gut Microbiota Metabolic Interactions

Author

Rémy Burcelin, Sven Pettersson, Elaine Holmes, Glenn R. Gibson, Jeremy K. Nicholson, James Kinross, Wei Jia, Simon, Marie Francoise, Biomolecular Medicine, Imperial College London, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading (UOR), Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], and School of Biological Sciences and National Cancer Centre

Subjects
MESH: Signal Transduction, MESH: Inflammation, Aging, Host genome, MESH: Health, Gut–brain axis, Microbial metabolism, MESH: Metabolic Diseases, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Biology, Gut flora, digestive system, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Metabolic Diseases, MESH: Diet, Animals, Humans, MESH: Aging, MESH: Animals, 030304 developmental biology, Inflammation, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Multidisciplinary, MESH: Humans, MESH: Immune System, Bacteria, Extramural, Host (biology), MESH: Metagenome, biology.organism_classification, Diet, Cell biology, Gastrointestinal Tract, Metabolic pathway, MESH: Bacteria, Liver metabolism, Liver, Health, MESH: Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Immune System, Immunology, Metagenome, MESH: Gastrointestinal Tract, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Signal Transduction, MESH: Liver
Abstract

International audience; The composition and activity of the gut microbiota codevelop with the host from birth and is subject to a complex interplay that depends on the host genome, nutrition, and life-style. The gut microbiota is involved in the regulation of multiple host metabolic pathways, giving rise to interactive host-microbiota metabolic, signaling, and immune-inflammatory axes that physiologically connect the gut, liver, muscle, and brain. A deeper understanding of these axes is a prerequisite for optimizing therapeutic strategies to manipulate the gut microbiota to combat disease and improve health.

Published
2012
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6. DNA vaccination induces WT1-specific T-cell responses with potential clinical relevance

Author

Hélène Rouard, Coralie Chaise, Hans J. Stauss, Jason Rice, Valérie Molinier-Frenkel, Freda K. Stevenson, Sarah L. Buchan, Jeanine Marquet, Marie-Hélène Delfau-Larue, Mathieu Kuentz, Jean-Pierre Farcet, Gisella E. Vittes, Institut Mondor de recherche biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Genetic Vaccine Group, University of Southampton, Unité Mixte de Thérapie Cellulaire [Grenoble], CHU Grenoble-EFS, Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Service d'immunologie biologique, Department of Immunology and Molecular Pathology, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free Hospital [London, UK], and Guellaen, Georges

Subjects
Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, MESH: Tissue Donors, MESH: Health, T-Lymphocytes, medicine.medical_treatment, MESH: Hematopoiesis, Lymphocyte Activation, Biochemistry, Epitope, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Cancer immunotherapy, MESH: WT1 Proteins, Vaccines, DNA, Cytotoxic T cell, MESH: Animals, Antigen Presentation, Leukemia, biology, MESH: Peptides, Vaccination, Hematology, Tissue Donors, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, MESH: Cell Line, Tumor, MESH: Mice, Transgenic, T cell, Immunology, Antigen presentation, Mice, Transgenic, Major histocompatibility complex, DNA vaccination, Colony-Forming Units Assay, 03 medical and health sciences, Antigen, Cell Line, Tumor, MESH: Cell Proliferation, HLA-A2 Antigen, MESH: Leukemia, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, medicine, Animals, Humans, MESH: Colony-Forming Units Assay, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, MESH: Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, WT1 Proteins, MESH: Lymphocyte Activation, MESH: Mice, MESH: HLA-A Antigens, Cell Proliferation, MESH: Humans, HLA-A Antigens, MESH: Vaccination, Cell Biology, Virology, Hematopoiesis, MESH: Vaccines, DNA, MESH: T-Lymphocytes, MESH: Antigen Presentation, biology.protein, Peptides, MESH: T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic, 030215 immunology
Abstract

The Wilms tumor antigen, WT1, is associated with several human cancers, including leukemia. We evaluated WT1 as an immunotherapeutic target using our proven DNA fusion vaccine design, p.DOM-peptide, encoding a minimal tumor-derived major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I–binding epitope downstream of a foreign sequence of tetanus toxin. Three p.DOM-peptide vaccines, each encoding a different WT1-derived, HLA-A2–restricted epitope, induced cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in humanized transgenic mice expressing chimeric HLA-A2, without affecting hematopoietic stem cells. Mouse CTLs killed human leukemia cells in vitro, indicating peptide processing/presentation. Low numbers of T cells specific for these epitopes have been described in cancer patients. Expanded human T cells specific for each epitope were lytic in vitro. Focusing on human WT137–45–specific cells, the most avid of the murine responses, we demonstrated lysis of primary leukemias, underscoring their clinical relevance. Finally, we showed that these human CTL kill target cells transfected with the relevant p.DOM-peptide DNA vaccine, confirming that WT1-derived epitopes are presented to T cells similarly by tumors and following DNA vaccination. Together, these data link mouse and human studies to suggest that rationally designed DNA vaccines encoding WT1-derived epitopes, particularly WT137–45, have the potential to induce/expand functional tumor-specific cytotoxic responses in cancer patients.

Published
2008
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7. Évaluation des connaissances des risques materno-fœtaux chez les femmes en âge de procréer, lors d’une union civile à Paris, et comparaison selon le niveau d’étude

Author

Leboulanger, Hélène, Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine (UPD5 Médecine), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), and François Bloedé

Subjects
MESH: Health, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Prévention, Consultation, Risques materno- fœtaux, MESH: Attitudes, Connaissances, MESH: Preconception Care, Maternal and fetal risks, MESH: Health Knowledge, Santé préconceptionnelle, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Risques materno-fœtaux, MESH: Practice
Abstract

Context: The preconception visit is not often carried out in France, despite the recommendations given by the HAS. Background: Assess the women’s of childbearing age knowledge about maternal and fetal risks and compare them according to their level of schooling. Assess the proportion of women aware of the existence of preconception consultation. Methods: It was an observational, quantitative and transverse study conducted from 26 January to 14 April 2015. We recruited 110 women aged between 18 and 50 who presented for civil marriage or PACS in Paris. A questionnaire was handed to women agreeing to contribute to the study. Results: 110 questionnaires were completed in 7 centres which accepted the distribution. Only 27.3% of the 54 women in the group baccalaureate and more and of the 56 in the group baccalaureate or less, knew the preconception consultation. The women had little knowledge about maternal and fetal risks. Multivaried analysis after adjusting for parity showed significant differences in favor of the group baccalaureate and more concerning reduced fertility associated with smoking (OR 2.66 with IC95%[1.15 to 6.11] and p 0.0212), protection measures against toxoplasmosis (OR 3.17 with IC95%[1.22 to 8.19] and p 0.0171), the role of periconceptional folate (OR 4.35 with IC95%[1.55 to 12.15] and p 0.0051) and exams to practice before pregnancy (OR 3.73 IC95%[1.38 to 10.00] and p 0.0095). Conclusion: Therefore, it seems essential to educate health professionals and inform all women of childbearing age about the existence and the importance of the preconception consultation.; Contexte : La consultation préconceptionnelle reste peu pratiquée en France, malgré les recommandations. Objectif : Évaluer les connaissances des femmes en âge de procréer sur les risques materno-foetaux et les comparer selon leur niveau d’études. Évaluer la proportion de femmes informées de l’existence de la consultation préconceptionnelle. Méthode : Étude observationnelle, quantitative, transversale, menée du 26 janvier au 14 avril 2015 auprès de 110 femmes âgées de 18 à 50 ans recrutées lors d’une union civile à Paris. Le recueil des données était réalisé par un questionnaire distribué en présentiel. Résultats : Seules 27,3% des femmes connaissaient l’existence de la consultation préconceptionnelle. Les femmes connaissaient peu les risques materno-foetaux. L’analyse multivariée après ajustement sur la parité montrait des différences significatives de connaissances en faveur du groupe bac et plus concernant la diminution de la fertilité liée au tabagisme (OR 2,66 IC95% [1,15-6,11] p 0,0212), la connaissance de l’ensemble des mesures de protection contre la toxoplasmose (OR 3,17 IC95% [1,22-8,19] p 0,0171), la connaissance du rôle de la prescription des folates en périconceptionnel (OR 4,35 IC95% [1,55-12,15] p 0,0051) ainsi que des examens à pratiquer avant la grossesse (OR 3,73 IC 95% [1,38-10,00] p 0,0095). Conclusion : Il paraît donc indispensable de sensibiliser les professionnels de santé et d’informer l’ensemble des femmes en âge de procréer de l’existence et de l’intérêt de la consultation préconceptionnelle.

Published
2016

8. Mitochondrial creatine kinase in human health and disease

Author

Uwe Schlattner, Malgorzata Tokarska-Schlattner, Theo Wallimann, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Institute of Cell Biology, and Hamant, Sarah

Subjects
MESH: Health, Cardiomyopathy, MESH: Mitochondria, Apoptosis, Crystalline intra-mitochondrial inclusion, Oxidative phosphorylation, Mitochondrion, Biology, Neurodegenerative disease, medicine.disease_cause, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Inclusion bodies, Phosphocreatine, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Oxidative damage, MESH: Disease, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, MESH: Up-Regulation, medicine, Animals, Humans, MESH: Animals, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Disease, Creatine Kinase, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Creatine Kinase, MESH: Humans, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Energy metabolism, Mitochondria, Up-Regulation, Cytosol, chemistry, Biochemistry, Health, Molecular Medicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Oxidative stress, Homeostasis
Abstract

International audience; Mitochondrial creatine kinase (MtCK), together with cytosolic creatine kinase isoenzymes and the highly diffusible CK reaction product, phosphocreatine, provide a temporal and spatial energy buffer to maintain cellular energy homeostasis. Mitochondrial proteolipid complexes containing MtCK form microcompartments that are involved in channeling energy in form of phosphocreatine rather than ATP into the cytosol. Under situations of compromised cellular energy state, which are often linked to ischemia, oxidative stress and calcium overload, two characteristics of mitochondrial creatine kinase are particularly relevant: its exquisite susceptibility to oxidative modifications and the compensatory up-regulation of its gene expression, in some cases leading to accumulation of crystalline MtCK inclusion bodies in mitochondria that are the clinical hallmarks for mitochondrial cytopathies. Both of these events may either impair or reinforce, respectively, the functions of mitochondrial MtCK complexes in cellular energy supply and protection of mitochondria form the so-called permeability transition leading to apoptosis or necrosis.

Published
2006
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9. Access to healthcare for the most vulnerable in a Europe in social crisis

Author

Chauvin, Pierre, Simonnot, Nathalie, Douay, Caroline, Vanbiervliet, Frank, Chauvin, Pierre, Epidémiologie, Systèmes d'Information, Modélisation, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Médecins du Monde (MDM), Réseau international de Médecins du Monde, and Ministère des Affaires sociales et de la santé, Network of European Foundations, European Programme for Integration and Migration

Subjects
MESH: europe, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: social exclusion, MESH: migrants, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: health, MESH: healthcare
Abstract

40 pages; Doctors of the World / Médecins du Monde International Network Poistion Paper; In this report, Doctors of the World (MdM) presents its observations for 2013 on the social health determinants and health status of patients who have received support from 25 of our 160 European programmes providing access to healthcare. In 2013, 29,400 consultations provided to 16,881 patients were analysed (15,445 of them medical consultations) across 25 cities in eight European countries. The quantitative analyses are supported by information provided by the local teams. This year we want to reiterate the need for unconditional access to both antenatal care for pregnant women and to essential childhood vaccinations, neither of which are currently universally guaranteed. This amounts to a denial of rights which goes against basic human rights, international conventions and respect for the fundamental principles of public health.

Published
2015

10. La cellule procaryote en biotechnologies

Author

Bourgoin-Voillard, Sandrine, Durmort, Claire, Geiselmann, Johannes, Le Gouellec, Audrey, Ropers, Delphine, Sève, Michel, Ropers, Delphine, BOURGOIN-VOILLARD Sandrine, RACHIDI Walid, SEVE Michel, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique [Saint Martin d’Hères] (LIPhy), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modeling, simulation, measurement, and control of bacterial regulatory networks (IBIS), Laboratoire Adaptation et pathogénie des micro-organismes [Grenoble] (LAPM), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut Jean Roget, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble (INSERM U823), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes (CHU Grenoble Alpes), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-EFS-CHU Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
MESH: Synthetic biology, MESH: Health, Santé, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, [SDV.BIBS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Biotechnologie, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [SDV.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, MESH: Biotechnology, Procaryotes, Biologie synthetique, [SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, MESH: Prokaryotic Cells
Abstract

National audience

Published
2015

11. Enabling the genomic revolution in Africa

Author

Anh Quynh Nguyen, Daniel T. Lackland, Gustave Simo, Oumar Samassekou, Lukman Owolabi, Faisal M. Fadlelmola, Matthias Kretzler, Victoria Adabayeri, Jeffrey B. Kopp, Mary T Mayige, Mark S. Guyer, Charlotte Osafo, Nigel J. Crowther, Winston Hide, Eyitayo Fakunle, Guillaume Paré, Issa Sidibe, Bamidele O. Tayo, Manmak Mamven, Stephen Tollman, Christian T. Happi, Anne Fischer, James A. G. Whitworth, Andrew Tareila, Moses Joloba, Kristian G. Andersen, Odile Ouwe Missi Oukem-Boyer, Paul L. Kimmel, Thuli Mthiyane, Anita Ghansah, Sylvester Leonard Lyantagaye, T O Olanrewaju, John Enyaru, Kwamena W. Sagoe, Maia Lesosky, Neil A. Hanchard, Rita T. Lawlor, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Eileen Obe, Shiksha Reddy, Margaret B. Penno., Rembert Pieper, Maria Y. Giovanni, Louise Wideroff, Yasmina Jaufeerally-Fakim, Marape Marape, Stacy Carrington-Lawrence, Oyekanmi Nash, Dwomoa Adu, Rebekah S. Rasooly, Rajkumar Ramesar, Mukthar Kader, Carolyn Jenkins, Simani Gaseitsiwe, Michèle Ramsay, Betty Nsangi, Olukemi K. Amodu, Mark P. Nicol, Adeodata Kekitiinwa, Thomas Lehner, Nzovu Ulenga, Saidi Kapiga, Victor Jongeneel, Gebregziabher Mulugeta, Nathan L. Yozwiak, Gabriel Anabwani, Solomon F. Ofori-Acquah, Misaki Wayengera, Rasheed Bakare, Marianne Alberts, Jantina de Vries, Robert F. Garry, Marsha Treadwell, Robert Kleta, Eugene Sobngwi, Ezra Susser, Mo Nagdee, Carmen Swanepoel, Osman Sankoh, Masego Tsimako-Johnstone, Godfred Tangwa, Zané Lombard, Darren P. Martin, Donald S. Grant, Bernard Keavney, Mahamadou Traoré, Ahmed El Sayed, Seth O. McLigeyo, Charles Mondo, Dan J. Stein, Özlem Tastan Bishop, Jane Peterson, Ute Jentsch, Moffat Nyirenda, Charles N. Rotimi, Shane A. Norris, Chengetai R. Mahomva., Gobena Ameni, Sheryl A. McCurdy, M Boehnke, Sally N Akarolo-Anthony, Oumou Sow Bah, Muntaser E. Ibrahim, Ishmael Kasvosve, Dean Everett, Kathleen Kahn, S.W.O. Ogendo, Abraham Oduro, Cheryl A. Winkler, Robin Mason, Orlando Alonso Betancourt, Hugh-G. Patterton, Heather J. Zar, John Oli, Audrey Duncanson, Daouda Ndiaye, Alan Christoffels, Adebowale Adeyemo, Kenneth H. Fischbeck, Manjinder S. Sandhu, Kwaku Ohene-Frempong, Samuel Ajayi, Chester W. Brown, Godfred Agongo, Tunde Salako, Ablo Prudence Wachinou, Gasnat Shaboodien, Pardis C. Sabeti, Jean Claude Mbanya, Peter Donkor, Dieuodonne Mumba, Heather J. Cordell, Sarah Winnicki, Reginald Obiakor, Fourie Joubert, Samar K. Kassim, Mark I. McCarthy, Scott Hazelhurst, Pontiano Kaleebu, Richard S. Cooper, Jennifer L. Troyer, Hermann Sorgho, Oyedunni Arulogun, Ravnit Grewal, Bongani M. Mayosi, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Christiane Hertz-Fowler, Alia Benkahla, Okechukwu S Ogah, Akin Abayomi, Mayowa O. Owolabi, Mark E Engel, Rufus Akinyemi, Ezekiel Adebiyi, Alash'le Abimiku, John Chisi, Patricia A. Marshall, Bruce Ovbiagele, Catherine Kyobutungi, Ambroise Wonkam, Vincent Tukei, David T. Burke, Fred Stephen Sarfo, Andrew Owen, Julie Makani, Leslie Derr, Mary Claire King, Nicki Tiffin, Vincent Boima, Barrington G. Burnett, Martin Simuunza, Christine Beiswanger, Nicola Mulder, Ekaete Tobin, Katherine Littler, Frank C. Brosius, Rulan S. Parekh, Halidou Tinto, Talishiea Croxton, Onikepe A. Folarin, Seydou Doumbia, Parham Goesbeck, Salina P. Waddy, Andrew Brooks, Marva Moxey-Mims, Guida Landouré, Marie Sarr, Martin R. Pollak, Akinlolu O. Ojo, Danny Asogun, Beverley van Rooyen, Clement Adebamowo, Jeanne F. Loring, Naomi S. Levitt, Jonathan K. Kayondo, Nadia Carstens, John V. Moran, F. Xavier Gómez-Olivé, John Musuku, Enock Matovu, Ifeoma Ulasi, Alisha N. Wade, Regina James, Ebony B. Madden, Liam Smeeth, Friedhelm Hilderbrandt, James Brandful, Chisomo L. Msefula, Christopher Hugo-Hamman, Annette MacLeod, Lara Bethke, Judit Kumuthini, Julia Puzak, Mengistu Tadase Yewondwossen, Sudha Srinivasan, Sheik Humarr Khan, Daniel K. Masiga, Mathurin Koffi, Oathokwa Nkomazana, Sununguko Wata Mpoloka, Fatiu A Arogundade, Dissou Affolabi, Ahmed M. Alzohairy, Ayesha A. Motala, Pan Pan Jiang, Adebowale D. Ademola, Ana Olga Mocumbi, Samuel Kyobe, Graeme Mardon, Albert Akpalu, Karen A. Lacourciere, Himla Soodyall, Branwen J. Hennig, Bruno Bucheton, Naby Balde, Michael Mate-Kole, Alexander K. Nyarko, Helen McIlleron, Mary Lynn Baniecki, Ivy Ekem, Corrine Merle, Rasheed Gbadegesin, Junaid Gamieldien, Makerere University [Kampala, Ouganda] (MAK), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Malawi, University of Liverpool, Université Jean Lorougnon Guédé (UJloG ), University of Glasgow, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale [Kinshasa] (INRB), Centre international de recherche-développement sur l'élevage en zone sub-humide (CIRDES), Université de Dschang, University of Zambia [Lusaka] (UNZA), University of Cape Town, University of Nairobi (UoN), Instituto Nacional de Saude [Maputo, Mozambique] (INS), Windhoek Central Hospital [Namibie], University College Hospital [Ibadan, Nigeria], Alzaiem Alazhari University [Soudan] (AAU-Sudan), Mulago Hospital [Kampala, Ouganda], Newcastle University [Newcastle], McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], University of Manchester [Manchester], Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine [Durban, South Africa] (NRMSM), University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), University of Yaoundé [Cameroun], Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia (MRC), Hôpital Donka, Ministère de la Santé [Conakry, Guinea], Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme (MLW), Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM)-University of Liverpool-Wellcome Trust-University of Malawi, University of Nigeria, Institute of Human Virology [Nigeria] (IHVN), National Institute for Medical Research [Tanzania] (NIMR), MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council-London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM)-Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia (MRC)-Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI), The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford [Oxford], The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)

Subjects
MESH: Health, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MEDLINE, Genomics, Genome-wide association study, Computational biology, Biology, MESH: Africa, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: England, Research capacity, MESH: Disease/genetics, MESH: United States, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Genomics/trends, Biotechnology, MESH: Genome-Wide Association Study/trends, MESH: Genetics, Medical/trends, business, MESH: National Institutes of Health (U.S.)
Abstract

H3Africa is developing capacity for health-related genomics research in Africa

Published
2014
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12. Metabolically healthy obesity and risk of mortality: does the definition of metabolic health matter?

Author

Hinnouho, Guy-Marino, Czernichow, Sébastien, Dugravot, Aline, Batty, G David, Kivimaki, Mika, Singh-Manoux, Archana, SZTAJNBOK, Pascale, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Nutrition Obésité [AP-HP Ambroise-Paré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College of London [London] (UCL), Centre de Gérontologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Sainte Perine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)

Subjects
MESH: Health, MESH: Humans, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Risk, MESH: Models, Biological, MESH: Adult, MESH: Male, MESH: Body Mass Index, MESH: Proportional Hazards Models, MESH: Insulin Resistance, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Homeostasis, MESH: Obesity, MESH: Great Britain, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female
Abstract

International audience; To assess the association of a "metabolically healthy obese" phenotype with mortality using five definitions of metabolic health. Adults (n = 5,269; 71.7% men) aged 39-62 years in 1991 through 1993 provided data on BMI and metabolic health, defined using data from the Adult Treatment Panel-III (ATP-III); criteria from two studies; and the Matsuda and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) indices. Cross-classification of BMI categories and metabolic status (healthy/unhealthy) created six groups. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze associations with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality during a median follow-up of 17.7 years. A total of 638 individuals (12.1% of the cohort) were obese, of whom 9-41% were metabolically healthy, depending on the definition. Regardless of the definition, compared with metabolically healthy, normal-weight individuals, both the metabolically healthy obese (hazard ratios [HRs] ranged from 1.81 [95% CI 1.16-2.84] for ATP-III to 2.30 [1.13-4.70] for the Matsuda index) and the metabolically abnormal obese (HRs ranged from 1.57 [1.08-2.28] for the Matsuda index to 2.05 [1.44-2.92] for criteria defined in a separate study) had an increased risk of mortality. The only exception was the lack of excess risk using the HOMA criterion for the metabolically healthy obese (1.08; 0.67-1.74). Among the obese, the risk of mortality did not vary as a function of metabolic health apart from when using the HOMA criterion (1.93; 1.15-3.22). Similar results were obtained for cardiovascular mortality. For most definitions of metabolic health, both metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese patients carry an elevated risk of mortality.

Published
2013
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13. Trends in perinatal health in France from 1995 to 2010. Results from the French National Perinatal Surveys

Author

Blondel, Béatrice, Lelong, Nathalie, Kermarrec, Morgane, Goffinet, François, Recherche Epidémiologique en Santé Périnatale et Santé des Femmes et des Enfants (UMR_S 953), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), National Coordination Group of the National Perinatal Surveys, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Recherche Epidémiologique en Santé Périnatale et Santé des Femmes et des Enfants ( UMR_S 953 ), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )

Subjects
MESH: Health, perinatal health, MESH : Health, MESH : Young Adult, MESH: Professional Practice, MESH: Pregnancy, antenatal care, MESH : Adolescent, MESH : Maternal-Child Health Centers, MESH : Female, MESH: Data Collection, MESH : France, MESH: Maternal-Child Health Centers, MESH : Obstetrics, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, MESH : Humans, MESH: Time Factors, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Adult, MESH : Adult, MESH : Maternal Age, MESH: Mothers, MESH: France, MESH : Pregnancy, MESH : Professional Practice, MESH: Young Adult, MESH : Mothers, maternal characteristics, MESH: Perinatal Care, MESH: Maternal Age, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH : Perinatal Care, MESH : Data Collection, delivery, MESH: Female, MESH : Time Factors, MESH: Obstetrics
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVE: To study trends in the main indicators of health, medical practices and risk factors in France. POPULATION AND METHOD: We collected data from samples of all births in France during one week in 1995 (n=13318), 1998 (n=13718), 2003 (n=14737) and 2010 (n=14903) and have compared them. RESULTS: Between 1995 and 2010, maternal age and body mass index increased steadily, but tobacco use decreased. In 2010, 39.4% of pregnant women had a visit with a midwife in a maternity unit, versus 26.6% in 2003. Deliveries occurred in large public hospitals more and more frequently. The increase in caesarean sections was no longer significant between 2003 and 2010. In general, medical decisions during pregnancy and delivery were closer to professional recommendations in 2010 than in earlier years. Live births before 37 weeks increased steadily from 5.4% in 1995 to 6.6% in 2010, but the proportion of birth weights below 2500g or the 10th percentile stopped increasing after 2003. CONCLUSION: Routine national perinatal surveys highlight major trends in maternal characteristics, obstetric practices, organisation of services, and perinatal health.

Published
2012
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14. [Epidemiological studies based on medical and administrative databases : a potential strength in France]

Author

Goldberg, Marcel, Coeuret-Pellicer, Mireille, Ribet, Céline, Zins, Marie, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Schmaus, Annie

Subjects
MESH: Medical Records, MESH: Health, MESH: Epidemiologic Studies, MESH: Humans, Databases, Factual, MESH: Registries, Population, MESH: Epidemiologic Research Design, MESH: Databases, Factual, Medical Records, MESH: Population, Cohort Studies, MESH: France, Epidemiologic Studies, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Health, Epidemiologic Research Design, Humans, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, Registries, Societies, MESH: Cohort Studies, MESH: Societies
Abstract

International audience; Population-based epidemiological cohorts may include nowadays hundreds of thousands of subjects, followed-up during decades. France has a major potential strength: nationwide medical and social databases set up for administrative purposes. The main databases useful for epidemiology are the social security database which contains individual medical data from different sources, and the retirement fund database on employment and social benefits. These databases have several advantages: they cover the whole French population, with no lost to follow-up, data are often of good quality and it is possible to link them with individual surveys. However medical data are not always ascertained and an important methodological and practical work has to be done, and some legal and practical problems have to be solved for an optimal use.

Published
2012
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15. Towards a renewed research agenda in ecotoxicology

Author

Artigas, Joan, Arts, Gertie, Babut, Marc, Caracciolo, Anna Barra, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Combourieu, Bruno, Dahllöf, Ingela, Despréaux, Denis, Ferrari, Benoit, Friberg, Nikolai, Garric, Jeanne, Geffard, Olivier, Gourlay-Francé, Catherine, Hein, Michaela, Hjorth, Morten, Krauss, Martin, De Lange, Hendrika J., Lahr, Joost, Lehtonen, Kari K., Lettieri, Teresa, Liess, Matthias, Lofts, Stephen, Mayer, Philipp, Morin, Soizic, Paschke, Albrecht, Svendsen, Claus, Usseglio-Polatera, Philippe, Van Den Brink, Nico, Vindimian, Eric, Williams, Richard, Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions ( UR MALY ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ), Alterra [Wageningen] ( ESS-CC ), Centre for Water and Climate, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive ( LBBE ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), Institute of Bioscience, Aarhus University [Aarhus], CEMAGREF, Hydrosystèmes et bioprocédés ( UR HBAN ), UFZ-Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ( UFZ ), Centre for Environmental Research, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Rural, Water, and Ecosystem Resources Unit, European Commission [Brussels], UFZ-Department of System Ecotoxicology, NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University-Lancaster University, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Department of Ecological Chemistry [Leipzig], NERC - Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Laboratoire Biodiversité et Fonctionnement des Ecosystèmes ( LBFE ), Université Paul Verlaine - Metz ( UPVM ), Services généraux ( SGMO ), Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Alterra [Wageningen] (ESS-CC), Centre for Water and Climate [Wageningen], Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), Hydrosystèmes et bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Laboratoire Biodiversité et Fonctionnement des Ecosystèmes (LBFE), Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM), Services généraux (SGMO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Coping (psychology), MESH: Health, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], invertebrate traits, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, MESH: Risk Assessment, Ecotoxicology, 01 natural sciences, bacterial community, Ecosystem services, MESH : Ecosystem, CE - Molecular Ecology Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Management, MESH: Ecosystem, Wageningen Environmental Research, MESH : Environmental Monitoring, MESH : Risk Assessment, MESH: Models, Theoretical, Risk management, Risk assessment, Research policy, Environmental resource management, Ecotoxicological risk, Stress ecology, General Medicine, Pollution, multiple stressors, Risk analysis (engineering), Health, MESH: Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Monitoring, MESH : Health, Biology, CWK - Environmental Risk Assessment, toxicity tests, Humans, intrinsic variability, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Environmental risk assessment, Exposure assessment, MESH : Ecotoxicology, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, MESH: Humans, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], business.industry, MESH : Models, Theoretical, CWC - Environmental Risk Assessment, Stressor, MESH : Humans, risk-assessment, Models, Theoretical, ecological traits, european rivers, effect-directed analysis, 13. Climate action, MESH: Ecotoxicology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, bioavailability
Abstract

New concerns about biodiversity, ecosystem services and human health triggered several new regulations increasing the need for sound ecotoxicological risk assessment. The PEER network aims to share its view on the research issues that this challenges. PEER scientists call for an improved biologically relevant exposure assessment. They promote comprehensive effect assessment at several biological levels. Biological traits should be used for Environmental risk assessment (ERA) as promising tools to better understand relationships between structure and functioning of ecosystems. The use of modern high throughput methods could also enhance the amount of data for a better risk assessment. Improved models coping with multiple stressors or biological levels are necessary to answer for a more scientifically based risk assessment. Those methods must be embedded within life cycle analysis or economical models for efficient regulations. Joint research programmes involving humanities with ecological sciences should be developed for a sound risk management., JRC.H.5-Rural, water and ecosystem resources

Published
2012
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16. Microbes for Health 2 Symposium: meeting report

Author

Thierry Pedron, Tomas de Wouters, Gianfranco Grompone, Dragana Dobrijevic, Cristel Archambaud, Interactions Bactéries-Cellules (UIBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Danone Research, Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
MESH: Health, Gastrointestinal Diseases, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Microbial Consortia, Physiology, Biology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, MESH: Gastrointestinal Diseases, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Humans, Bacteria, 030306 microbiology, General Medicine, Congresses as Topic, MESH: Metagenome, Gastrointestinal Tract, MESH: Bacteria, Health, Metagenome, Engineering ethics, MESH: Gastrointestinal Tract, MESH: Congresses as Topic, MESH: Microbial Consortia
Abstract

International audience

Published
2012
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17. Trends in perinatal health in France from 1995 to 2010. Results from the French National Perinatal Surveys.: Perinatal health between 1995 and 2010

Author

Blondel, Béatrice, Lelong, Nathalie, Kermarrec, Morgane, Goffinet, François, Debs, Nayla, Recherche Epidémiologique en Santé Périnatale et Santé des Femmes et des Enfants (UMR_S 953), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and National Coordination Group of the National Perinatal Surveys

Subjects
MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Health, perinatal health, MESH: Humans, MESH: Time Factors, MESH: Professional Practice, MESH: Adult, MESH: Mothers, MESH: France, MESH: Pregnancy, antenatal care, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Young Adult, maternal characteristics, MESH: Perinatal Care, MESH: Data Collection, MESH: Maternal Age, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, delivery, MESH: Female, MESH: Obstetrics, MESH: Maternal-Child Health Centers
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVE: To study trends in the main indicators of health, medical practices and risk factors in France. POPULATION AND METHOD: We collected data from samples of all births in France during one week in 1995 (n=13318), 1998 (n=13718), 2003 (n=14737) and 2010 (n=14903) and have compared them. RESULTS: Between 1995 and 2010, maternal age and body mass index increased steadily, but tobacco use decreased. In 2010, 39.4% of pregnant women had a visit with a midwife in a maternity unit, versus 26.6% in 2003. Deliveries occurred in large public hospitals more and more frequently. The increase in caesarean sections was no longer significant between 2003 and 2010. In general, medical decisions during pregnancy and delivery were closer to professional recommendations in 2010 than in earlier years. Live births before 37 weeks increased steadily from 5.4% in 1995 to 6.6% in 2010, but the proportion of birth weights below 2500g or the 10th percentile stopped increasing after 2003. CONCLUSION: Routine national perinatal surveys highlight major trends in maternal characteristics, obstetric practices, organisation of services, and perinatal health.

Published
2012
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18. Diet and heart health: moderate wine drinking strengthens the cardioprotective effects of fish consumption

Author

J. de Leiris, François Boucher, Sophie Besse, Physiologie cardio-Respiratoire Expérimentale Théorique et Appliquée (TIMC-IMAG-PRETA), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Croissance cellulaire, réparation et régénération tissulaires (CRRET), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Boucher, François, and VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
Male, MESH: Health, Mediterranean diet, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Pharmaceutical Science, Blood Pressure, Coronary Disease, Wine, Diet, Mediterranean, Sudden cardiac death, MESH: Atherosclerosis, Coronary artery disease, MESH: Phenols, MESH: Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Epidemiology, MESH: Animals, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Fishes, Heart, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, MESH: Blood Pressure, 3. Good health, Cardiovascular physiology, Stroke, Health, Female, Biotechnology, medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiotonic Agents, Alcohol Drinking, MESH: Stroke, 03 medical and health sciences, Phenols, Environmental health, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Animals, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, Flavonoids, MESH: Diet, Mediterranean, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Fatty acid, Polyphenols, MESH: Cardiotonic Agents, medicine.disease, Atherosclerosis, MESH: Male, MESH: Wine, MESH: Heart, MESH: Fishes, chemistry, Heart failure, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, MESH: Coronary Disease, business, MESH: Flavonoids, MESH: Female, MESH: Alcohol Drinking, MESH: Polyphenols
Abstract

International audience; Growing evidence indicates that the Mediterranean diet is beneficial to human health. Many epidemiological and research studies have reported that this diet pattern is able to limit the development and progression of coronary heart disease, one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries worldwide. There is now a large consensus about recommending Mediterranean diet to reduce atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease and to limit the risk of fatal complications such as sudden cardiac death and heart failure. This review underlines the role of two of the specific components of the Mediterranean diet, namely marine omega-3 fatty acids and wine, and the link between moderate wine consumption and fatty acid profiles.

Published
2010

19. Correction of Laminin-5 Deficiency in Human Epidermal Stem Cells by Transcriptionally Targeted Lentiviral Vectors

Author

Fernando Larcher, Marta García, Stefano Ferrari, Fulvio Mavilio, Michele De Luca, Valentina Poletti, Graziella Pellegrini, Marcela Del Rio, Francesca Di Nunzio, Giulietta Maruggi, Enzo Di Iorio, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), The Veneto Eye Bank Foundation, Venice, Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), This work was supported by grants from the European Commission (6th Framework Program, SKINTHERAPY), and the Association Francaise contre les Myopathies. M.D.R. is supported in part from grants SAF-2004-07717 and SAF-2007-61019 from Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (Spain). F.L. is supported in part from grants PI051577 from FIS and PSE-090100-2006-3 from MEC (Spain)., and Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE)

Subjects
Keratinocytes, MESH: Health, Transcription, Genetic, Cellular differentiation, Genetic enhancement, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gene Expression, lentiviral vectors, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Laminin, MESH: Genetic Vectors, Drug Discovery, Gene therapy, epidermolysis bullosa, skin adhesion defects, retroviral vectors, keratin 14, epidermal stem cells, genetic diseases, MESH: Animals, MESH: Lentivirus, 0303 health sciences, biology, integumentary system, Stem Cells, Cell Differentiation, MESH: Keratinocytes, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, MESH: Cell Adhesion Molecules, Molecular Medicine, Stem cell, MESH: Cell Differentiation, MESH: Gene Expression, Transgene, Genetic Vectors, MESH: Stem Cells, Viral vector, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, Autologous transplantation, Animals, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Progenitor cell, Molecular Biology, MESH: Mice, Biología y Biomedicina, 030304 developmental biology, Pharmacology, MESH: Humans, MESH: Transcription, Genetic, Lentivirus, Virology, Epidermal Cells, biology.protein, MESH: Epidermis, Epidermis, Cell Adhesion Molecules
Abstract

Deficiency of the basement membrane component laminin-5 (LAM5) causes junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB), a severe and often fatal skin adhesion defect. Autologous transplantation of epidermal stem cells genetically corrected with a Moloney leukemia virus (MLV)-derived retroviral vector reconstitutes LAM5 synthesis, and corrects the adhesion defect in JEB patients. However, MLV-derived vectors have genotoxic characteristics, and are unable to reproduce the physiological, basal layer–restricted expression of LAM5 chains. We have developed an alternative gene transfer strategy based on self-inactivating (SIN) or long terminal repeat (LTR)-modified lentiviral vectors, in which transgene expression is under the control of different combinations of promoter-enhancer elements derived from the keratin-14 (K14) gene. Analysis in human keratinocyte cultures and in fully differentiated skin regenerated onto immunodeficient mice showed that gene expression directed by K14 enhancers is tissue-specific and restricted to the basal layer of the epidermis. Transcriptionally targeted lentiviral vectors efficiently transduced clonogenic stem/progenitor cells derived from a skin biopsy of a JEB patient, restored normal synthesis of LAM5 in cultured keratinocytes, and reconstituted normal adhesion properties in human skin equivalents transplanted onto immunodeficient mice. These vectors are therefore an effective, and potentially more safe, alternative to MLV-based retroviral vectors in gene therapy of JEB. We are indebted to Almudena Holguín and Blanca Duarte from CIEMAT for animal grafting procedures. This work was supported by grants from the European Commission (6th Framework Program, SKINTHERAPY), and the Association Francaise contre les Myopathies. M.D.R. is supported in part from grants SAF-2004-07717 and SAF-2007-61019 from Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (Spain). F.L. is supported in part from grants PI051577 from FIS and PSE-090100-2006-3 from MEC (Spain).

Published
2008
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20. Signalling and autophagy regulation in health, aging and disease

Author

Alfred J. Meijer, Patrice Codogno, Department of medical Biochemistry, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Signalisation et physiopathologie des cellules épithéliales, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Codogno, Patrice, AGEM - Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, and Medical Biochemistry

Subjects
MESH: Signal Transduction, Aging, MESH: Health, Clinical Biochemistry, UVRAG, P70-S6 Kinase 1, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Disease, Autophagy, Animals, Humans, MESH: Autophagy, Disease, MESH: Aging, MESH: Animals, Protein kinase A, [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Humans, Autophagy database, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, biology.protein, Molecular Medicine, Signal transduction, Signal Transduction, RHEB
Abstract

It has become clear in recent years that autophagy not only serves to produce amino acids for ongoing protein synthesis and to produce substrates for energy production when cells become starved but autophagy is also able to eliminate defective cell structures and for this reason the process may be implicated in several diseased states. Autophagy is controlled by complex signalling pathways, including that used by insulin. In these pathways, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases and the protein kinase mTOR play important roles.

Published
2006
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