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4 results on '"MESH: Hepatitis, Chronic"'

1. Viral hepatitis and pregnancy

Author

Miriam T. Levy, Norah A. Terrault, Ka Wang Cheung, Gonzague Jourdain, Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
MESH: Antiviral Agents, 0301 basic medicine, MESH: Premature Birth, MESH: Hepatitis, Chronic, viruses, Hepatitis C virus, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, Liver disease, MESH: Perinatal Mortality, MESH: Pregnancy, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, MESH: Infant Mortality, MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, MESH: Hepatitis, Viral, Human, MESH: Diabetes, Gestational, MESH: Hepatitis C, Hepatitis, Hepatitis B virus, MESH: Hepatitis D, MESH: Humans, MESH: Hepatitis A, MESH: Hepatitis B, Hepatology, MESH: Viral Hepatitis Vaccines, business.industry, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Hepatitis E, Gastroenterology, Hepatitis A, MESH: Pregnancy Outcome, medicine.disease, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, MESH: Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, 030104 developmental biology, Immunology, MESH: Acute Disease, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, MESH: Maternal Mortality, Hepatitis D virus, MESH: Liver Cirrhosis, MESH: Viral Load, Viral hepatitis, business, MESH: Female, Viral load, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

The management of viral hepatitis in the setting of pregnancy requires special consideration. There are five liver-specific viruses (hepatitis A, B, C, D, E), each with unique epidemiology, tendency to chronicity, risk of liver complications and response to antiviral therapies. In the setting of pregnancy, the liver health of the mother, the influence of pregnancy on the clinical course of the viral infection and the effect of the virus or liver disease on the developing infant must be considered. Although all hepatitis viruses can harm the mother and the child, the greatest risk to maternal health and subsequently the fetus is seen with acute hepatitis A virus or hepatitis E virus infection during pregnancy. By contrast, the primary risks for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis D virus are related to the severity of the underlying liver disease in the mother and the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) for HBV and HCV. The prevention of MTCT is key to reducing the global burden of chronic viral hepatitis, and prevention strategies must take into consideration local health-care and socioeconomic challenges. This Review presents the epidemiology of acute and chronic viral hepatitis infection in pregnancy, the effect of pregnancy on the course of viral infection and, conversely, the influence of the viral infection on maternal and infant outcomes, including MTCT. The management of viral hepatitis in the setting of pregnancy requires special consideration. This Review examines each hepatitis virus individually to address the effect of pregnancy on the natural history of infection and how the viral infections influence maternal and infant outcomes, including mother-to-child transmission.

Published
2020

2. Hepatitis E Virus and Chronic Hepatitis in Organ-Transplant Recipients

Author

Jacques Izopet, Laure Esposito, Janick Selves, Jean-Michel Mansuy, Jean-Pierre Vinel, Jean-Marie Péron, Marie Danjoux, Nassim Kamar, Florence Abravanel, Joelle Guitard, Lionel Rostaing, Leila Ouezzani, Dominique Durand, Olivier Cointault, Service de Néphrologie - Hypertension Artérielle Dialyse - Transplantation, Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil (I2MR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Bio-médicale Institution (IFR150)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'anatomie pathologique et histologie-cytologie [Rangueil], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Laboratoire Virologie [CHU Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Pôle Maladies de l'appareil digestif [CHU Toulouse], Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Simon, Marie Francoise, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IFR150-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital de Rangueil, Laboratoire de Virologie [Toulouse], Service de Gastro-entérologie - Hépatologie [Purpan], and CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse]

Subjects
Male, viruses, medicine.disease_cause, Organ transplantation, MESH: Kidney Transplantation, 0302 clinical medicine, Liver Function Tests, Hepatitis E virus, MESH: Liver Function Tests, MESH: Immunocompromised Host, Hepatitis, Chronic, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, virus diseases, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Hepatitis E, 3. Good health, Liver, MESH: Pancreas Transplantation, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Pancreas Transplantation, Adult, MESH: Hepatitis E virus, MESH: Liver Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Hepatitis, Chronic, Virus, Immunocompromised Host, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Hepatitis, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Hepatitis E, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Kidney Transplantation, MESH: Male, Caliciviridae, Liver Transplantation, Transplantation, Immunology, business, Liver function tests, MESH: Female, MESH: Liver
Abstract

International audience; Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is considered an agent responsible for acute hepatitis that does not progress to chronic hepatitis. We identified 14 cases of acute HEV infection in three patients receiving liver transplants, nine receiving kidney transplants, and two receiving kidney and pancreas transplants. All patients were positive for serum HEV RNA. Chronic hepatitis developed in eight patients, as confirmed by persistently elevated aminotransferase levels, serum HEV RNA, and histologic features of chronic hepatitis. The time from transplantation to diagnosis was significantly shorter and the total counts of lymphocytes and of CD2, CD3, and CD4 T cells were significantly lower in patients in whom chronic disease developed.

Published
2008

3. Factors associated with chronic hepatitis in patients with hepatitis E virus infection who have received solid organ transplants

Author

Jacques Izopet, Pascal Lebray, Marie Essig, Robert N. Santella, Anne Marie Roque-Afonso, Valérie Garrigue, Nada Kanaan, Amelie Cannesson, Nassim Kamar, Elisabeth Cassuto-Viguier, Lionel Rostaing, Elizabeth B. Haagsma, Filomena Conti, Cyril Garrouste, Sven Pischke, Christiane Mousson, Sylvie Radenne, Harry R. Dalton, Jérôme Dumortier, Cecile Chauvet, Eric Thervet, Service de Néphrologie - Hypertension Artérielle Dialyse - Transplantation, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Service de virologie, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Service de Pédiatrie spécialisée, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School [Hannover] (MHH), Département de néphrologie et transplantation, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), service d'Hépato-gastro-entérologie, Hospices Civiles de Lyon-Hôpital Edouard Heriault, service de néphrologie et transplantation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Service de néphrologie adultes [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service d'hépatologie [Saint-Antoine], CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Royal Cornwall Hospital-Universities of Exeter and Plymouth, North Central Kidney Institute, Avera Mckennan Hospital-University Health Center, Service de néphrologie, Saint-Luc Hospital, Service de Néphrologie, Dialyse, Transplantations [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Service de néphrologie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service d'hépatologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Laboratoire de Virologie [Purpan], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB) - Hôpital Purpan, Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (ex IFR 30 et IFR 150), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IFR30-IFR150-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), University Medical Center Groningen, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ) -Hôpital Lapeyronie, Hannover Medical School [Hannover] ( MHH ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), CHU Nice, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Marquet, Pierre, Laboratoire Virologie [CHU Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Service d'hépatologie [CHU Saint-Antoine], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Royal Cornwall Hospital-Plymouth University

Subjects
Male, MESH : Retrospective Studies, CYCLOSPORINE-A, medicine.medical_treatment, MESH : Aged, Liver transplantation, medicine.disease_cause, Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH : Hepatitis E virus, THERAPY, Organ transplantation, MESH : Organ Transplantation, Liver disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Hepatitis E virus, Cyclosporin a, MESH : Female, MESH: Incidence, MESH : Polymerase Chain Reaction, Hepatitis, Chronic, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Middle Aged, Incidence, Liver Disease, Gastroenterology, MESH: Follow-Up Studies, Middle Aged, MESH : Adult, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION, MESH : Incidence, 3. Good health, Hepatitis E, Virus, PREVALENCE, [SDV.SP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, Europe, MESH: Young Adult, BLOOD-DONORS, MESH: RNA, Viral, RNA, Viral, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, Adult, MESH: Hepatitis E virus, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : United States, MESH : Male, MESH: Hepatitis, Chronic, MESH : Europe, MESH : Young Adult, FRANCE, MESH: Organ Transplantation, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, medicine, MESH: United States, Humans, MESH : RNA, Viral, MESH : Hepatitis, Chronic, MESH : Middle Aged, KIDNEY-TRANSPLANT, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Hepatitis, Transplantation, MESH: Humans, Hepatology, business.industry, MESH : Humans, MESH: Hepatitis E, MESH : Follow-Up Studies, MESH: Adult, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Retrospective Studies, Organ Transplantation, medicine.disease, Fibrosis, Tacrolimus, United States, MESH: Male, Chronic infection, RECIPIENTS, [ SDV.SP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, MESH : Hepatitis E, Immunology, REPLICATION, PEGYLATED INTERFERON-ALPHA, MESH: Europe, business, MESH: Female, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection can cause chronic hepatitis in recipients of solid organ transplants. However, the factors that contribute to chronic infection and the outcomes of these patients are incompletely understood. We performed a retrospective analysis of data from 17 centers from Europe and the United States that described the progression, outcomes, and factors associated with development of chronic HEV infection in recipients of transplanted solid organs. METHODS: We studied data from 85 recipients of solid organ transplants who were infected with HEV. Chronic HEV infection was defined by the persistent increases in levels of liver enzymes and polymerase chain reaction evidence of HEV in the serum and/or stool for at least 6 months. RESULTS: Fifty-six patients (65.9%) developed chronic hepatitis. Univariate analysis associated liver transplant, shorter times since transplant, lower levels of liver enzymes and serum creatinine, lower platelet counts, and tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive therapy (rather than cyclosporin A) with chronic hepatitis. On multivariate analysis, the independent predictive factors associated with chronic HEV infection were the use of tacrolimus rather than cyclosporin A (odds ratio [OR], 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.49-1.97; P = .004) and a low platelet count at the time of diagnosis with HEV infection (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.001-1.1; P = .04). Of patients with chronic hepatitis, 18 (32.1%) achieved viral clearance after the dose of immunosuppressive therapy was reduced. No HEV reactivation was observed after HEV clearance. CONCLUSIONS: HEV infection causes chronic hepatitis in more than 60% of recipients of solid organ transplants. Tacrolimus therapy is the main predictive factor for chronic hepatitis. Dose reductions of immunosuppressive therapy resulted in viral clearance in more than 30% of patients.

Published
2011

4. Variations of serum IgG subclass levels in hepatitis C virus infection during interferon-α therapy

Author

Françoise Lunel, Patrice Cacoub, Pascale Cresta, Lionel Frangeul, Jean-Louis Preud'homme, Lucile Musset, Pascale Ghillani, Michel Rosenheim, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de virologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Service de médecine interne [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunopathologie [CHU Poitiers] (CNRS URA 1172), and Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, Hepacivirus, medicine.disease_cause, Subclass, MESH: Genotype, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Interferon, Interferon α, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, MESH: Hepacivirus, Hepatitis, Chronic, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, MESH: Immunoglobulin G, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, Hepatitis C virus, MESH: Immunologic Factors, Alanine Transaminase, MESH: Follow-Up Studies, Middle Aged, Hepatitis C, MESH: Immunoglobulin M, 3. Good health, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Antibody, MESH: Interferon-alpha, medicine.drug, Adult, Genotype, MESH: Hepatitis, Chronic, Immunology, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, IgG subclass, In vivo, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Humans, Immunologic Factors, In patient, MESH: Immunoglobulin A, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, MESH: Hepatitis C, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Interferon-alpha, MESH: Adult, Virology, MESH: Male, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin M, Immunoglobulin G, MESH: Alanine Transaminase, biology.protein, MESH: Biomarkers, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], business, MESH: Female, Biomarkers, 030215 immunology, Follow-Up Studies, Interferon-α
Abstract

International audience; Serum IgG1 levels are selectively increased in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In 15 patients who received interferon (IFN)-alpha therapy, serum levels of immunoglobulin classes and IgG subclasses were measured during treatment and after it was discontinued. In spite of important individual variations, mean IgG, IgG1, IgA and IgM levels decreased during therapy and tended to return to pre-treatment levels afterwards, with no detectable correlation with clinical and biological parameters. These results suggest an effect of IFN-alpha on in vivo immunoglobulin production, in HCV carriers.

Published
1997

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