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17 results on '"MESH: Judgment"'

1. Polarity effects on place pitch and loudness for three cochlear-implant designs and at different cochlear sites

Author

Robert P. Carlyon, John M. Deeks, Olivier Macherey, Sons, Laboratoire de Mécanique et d'Acoustique [Marseille] (LMA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Loudness Perception, medicine.medical_treatment, MESH: Cochlear Implants, 01 natural sciences, Loudness, 0302 clinical medicine, Cochlear implant, 010301 acoustics, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, Pulse (signal processing), Middle Aged, Cochlear Implantation, [PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], Electrodes, Implanted, Amplitude, Electrode, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, MESH: Prosthesis Design, Adult, Materials science, Polarity (physics), Acoustics, MESH: Acoustic Stimulation, Phase (waves), Prosthesis Design, Pitch Discrimination, MESH: Software, Judgment, 03 medical and health sciences, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), 0103 physical sciences, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, medicine, Humans, MESH: Pitch Discrimination, Cochlear Nerve, Cochlea, MESH: Loudness Perception, Aged, MESH: Judgment, [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], MESH: Cochlear Nerve, MESH: Humans, MESH: Adult, MESH: Male, Cochlear Implants, MESH: Cochlear Implantation, Acoustic Stimulation, MESH: Electrodes, Implanted, MESH: Female, Software, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Users of Advanced Bionics, MedEl, and Cochlear Corp. implants balanced the loudness of trains of asymmetric pulses of opposite polarities presented in monopolar mode. For the Advanced Bionics and MedEl users the pulses were triphasic and consisted of a 32-μs central phase flanked by two 32-μs phases of opposite polarity and half the amplitude. The central phase was either anodic (TP-A) or cathodic (TP-C). For the Cochlear Corp. users, pulses consisted of two 32-μs phases of the same polarity separated by an 8-μs gap, flanked by two 32-μs phases of the opposite polarity, each of which was separated from the central portion by a 58-μs gap. The central portion of these quadraphasic pulses was either anodic (QP-A) or cathodic (QP-C), and all phases had the same amplitude. The current needed to achieve matched loudness was lower for the anodic than for the cathodic stimuli. This polarity effect was similar across all electrode locations studied, including the most apical electrode of the MedEl device which stimulates the very apex of the cochlea. In addition, when quadraphasic pulses were presented in bipolar mode, listeners reported hearing a lower pitch when the central portion was anodic at the more apical, than at the more basal, electrode. The results replicate previous reports that, unlike the results of most animal studies, human cochlear implant listeners are more sensitive to anodic than to cathodic currents, and extend those findings to a wider range of cochlear sites, implant types, and pulse shapes.

Published
2013
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2. An ERP investigation of emotional processing in European and Japanese individuals

Author

Pascal Hot, Toshinori Kobayashi, Henrique Sequeira, Yasuhiko Saito, Osamu Mandai, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies (LNFP), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ashikaga Sleep Research Center, and Ashikaga Institute of Technology (AIT)

Subjects
Male, Emotions, MESH: Cognition, MESH: Lung Diseases, Fungal, Developmental psychology, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Reference Values, Parietal Lobe, MESH: Cross-Cultural Comparison, 10. No inequality, Evoked Potentials, MESH: Aged, MESH: Parietal Lobe, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Asian Continental Ancestry Group, General Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, MESH: Reference Values, Emotional stimuli, MESH: Affect, MESH: European Continental Ancestry Group, MESH: Evoked Potentials, MESH: Photic Stimulation, Visual Perception, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Arousal, Psychology, MESH: Eye Infections, Fungal, Adult, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Adolescent, MESH: Ascomycota, Emotional processing, White People, 050105 experimental psychology, Judgment, 03 medical and health sciences, Asian People, Event-related potential, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Valence (psychology), Molecular Biology, MESH: Emotions, MESH: Judgment, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, MESH: Visual Perception, MESH: Arousal, Social environment, MESH: Adult, MESH: Male, Affect, Neurology (clinical), MESH: Female, Neurocognitive, Photic Stimulation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology
Abstract

International audience; This article examined neural time course differences in the processing of emotional pictures in European and Asian individuals. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in 15 French and 15 Japanese volunteers during the presentation of neutral and emotional pictures in their own country. ERPs were analyzed by means of spatio-temporal Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and allow to evaluate cultural influences on emotional processing along three temporal windows: 105 to 140 ms, 176 to 230 ms and 255 to 455 ms. Main results highlight that (1) early ERP components coded emotional charge but were not modulated by cultural background, (2) later components showed a significant decrease of amplitudes at parieto-occipital areas for Japanese participants compared to French ones in emotional condition. These findings suggest that, in both populations, similar neurocognitive processes are involved in the early stage of the emotional stimuli processing and effects observed on later components may reflect a poorer engagement of parietal areas, known to be involved in emotional arousal dimension. Considering that cognitive judgments were similar in both populations, electrophysiological findings suggest that cultural influences on later stage of emotional processing could be related to the known lower level of emotionally expressive behavior in Japanese than in Caucasians.

Published
2006
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3. Muscular proprioception contributes to the control of interceptive actions

Author

Julien Bastin, Sarah Calvin, Gilles Montagne, Savasta, Marc, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
Male, Eye Movements, Computer science, Poison control, Field Dependence-Independence, Displacement (vector), Motion (physics), Tendons, User-Computer Interface, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Eye Movements, Attention, Computer vision, media_common, MESH: Muscle, Skeletal, MESH: Field Dependence-Independence, 05 social sciences, Body movement, MESH: Tendons, Pattern Recognition, Visual, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Adult, media_common.quotation_subject, MESH: Orientation, MESH: Pattern Recognition, Visual, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, MESH: Psychomotor Performance, Vibration, 050105 experimental psychology, Judgment, 03 medical and health sciences, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Orientation, Perception, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Muscle, Skeletal, MESH: User-Computer Interface, MESH: Judgment, MESH: Vibration, Communication, MESH: Attention, MESH: Humans, Proprioception, business.industry, Eye movement, MESH: Adult, MESH: Male, Action (philosophy), Artificial intelligence, business, MESH: Female, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; The authors proposed a model of the control of interceptive action over a ground plane (Chardenon, Montagne, Laurent, & Bootsma, 2004). This model is based on the cancellation of the rate of change of the angle between the current position of the target and the direction of displacement (i.e., the bearing angle). While several sources of visual information specify this angle, the contribution of proprioceptive information has not been directly tested. In this study, the authors used a virtual reality setup to study the role of proprioception when intercepting a moving target. In a series of experiments, the authors manipulated proprioceptive information by using the tendon vibration paradigm. The results revealed that proprioception is crucial not only to locate a moving target with respect to the body but also, and more importantly, to produce online displacement velocity changes to intercept a moving target. These findings emphasize the importance of proprioception in the control of interceptive action and illustrate the relevance of our model to account for the regulations produced by the participants.

Published
2006
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4. Distributed and Overlapping Cerebral Representations of Number, Size, and Luminance during Comparative Judgments

Author

Denis Le Bihan, Stanislas Dehaene, Philippe Pinel, Manuela Piazza, Laboratoire Toulousain de Technologie et d'Ingénierie des Systèmes (LATTIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-IUT Toulouse 2 Blagnac, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Neuroimagerie cognitive (LCogn), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, IFR de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle (IFR 49), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Human Brain Research Center [Kyoto] (HBRC), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot (SHFJ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-IUT Toulouse 2 Blagnac, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Kyoto University

Subjects
Male, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Interference (wave propagation), Luminance, Functional Laterality, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 0302 clinical medicine, Parietal Lobe, Neural Pathways, MESH: Brain Mapping, MESH: Contrast Sensitivity, Visual Cortex, Mathematics, media_common, Brain Mapping, MESH: Parietal Lobe, General Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, MESH: Lighting, Human brain, Spatial code, Magnitude processing, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Temporal Lobe, MESH: Photic Stimulation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, Adult, Neuroscience(all), media_common.quotation_subject, MESH: Space Perception, behavioral disciplines and activities, 050105 experimental psychology, Contrast Sensitivity, Judgment, 03 medical and health sciences, Dimension (vector space), Perception, medicine, Humans, MESH: Temporal Lobe, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, MESH: Functional Laterality, Lighting, MESH: Judgment, Communication, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Neural Pathways, MESH: Visual Cortex, MESH: Adult, Pattern recognition, Distance effect, MESH: Male, Space Perception, Artificial intelligence, business, MESH: Female, Photic Stimulation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; How are comparative judgments performed in the human brain? We scanned subjects with fMRI while they compared stimuli for size, luminance, or number. Regions involved in comparative judgments were identified using three criteria: task-related activation, presence of a distance effect, and interference of one dimension onto the other. We observed considerable overlap in the neural substrates of the three comparison tasks. Interestingly, the amount of overlap predicted the amount of cross-dimensional interference: in both behavior and fMRI, number interfered with size, and size with luminance, but number did not interfere with luminance. The results suggest that during comparative judgments, the relevant continuous quantities are represented in distributed and overlapping neural populations, with number and size engaging a common parietal spatial code, while size and luminance engage shared occipito-temporal perceptual representations.

Published
2004
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5. Memory consolidation for duration

Author

José Lino Oliveira Bueno, Raquel Cocenas-Silva, Valérie Doyère, Sylvie Droit-Volet, University of São Paulo, Centre de Neurosciences Paris-Sud (CNPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de psychologie sociale et de psychologie cognitive (LAPSCO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Consolidation process, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, MESH: Generalization (Psychology), Audiology, Generalization, Psychological, Developmental psychology, Task (project management), MESH: Time Perception, Judgment, Young Adult, Memory, Physiology (medical), Generalization (learning), MESH: Analysis of Variance, medicine, Reaction Time, Humans, MESH: Memory, General Psychology, MESH: Judgment, Analysis of Variance, MESH: Humans, Consolidation (soil), [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, General Medicine, MESH: Male, MESH: Reaction Time, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Duration (music), MESH: Young Adult, PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL HUMANA, Time Perception, Memory consolidation, Female, Psychology, MESH: Female
Abstract

International audience; Humans and animals encode and store in memory elapsed intervals as evidenced through their temporal expectancies. However, there are very few experimental studies on long-term memory of duration. The aim of this original study was to examine the consolidation process for duration and its effect on time judgement. In our study, memory of duration was tested in humans with a temporal generalization task. Consolidation was assessed by means of a 15-min nontemporal interference task introduced at different delays after the initial learning of a 4-s standard duration. The results showed that (a) when tested 24 hours after the learning phase, memory of the 4-s duration was disrupted (less precision and lengthening effect) if the interference task was introduced 30-45 min after learning; (b) no disruption was observed when memory was tested immediately after the interference task; and (c) there was a temporal gradient of the disruptive interference effect within the first hour after learning. Overall, these results fulfil the key criteria for the inference of a synaptic/cellular consolidation process and thus demonstrate that, as is the case for other memories, memory of duration undergoes a consolidation process that lasts at least one hour.

Published
2014
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6. Time perception in children treated for a cerebellar medulloblastoma

Author

Georges Dellatolas, Bruce L. Brown, Sylvie Droit-Volet, Virginie Kieffer, Pierre S. Zélanti, Valérie Doyère, Jacques Grill, Nicole El Massioui, Joëlle Provasi, Laboratoire de psychologie sociale et de psychologie cognitive (LAPSCO), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Département de cancérologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Centre de Neurosciences Paris-Sud (CNPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), City University of New York [New York] (CUNY), Cognitions Humaine et ARTificielle (CHART), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Graduate Center, CUNY, and the Department of Psychology, Laboratoire CHArt, EPHE (EPHE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), and École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)

Subjects
Male, Cerebellum, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, MESH: Movement, Audiology, Neuropsychological Tests, 0302 clinical medicine, Discrimination, Psychological, Postoperative Complications, MESH: Child, MESH: Postoperative Complications, Developmental and Educational Psychology, MESH: Discrimination (Psychology), Attention, Child, MESH: Chemoradiotherapy, Psychomotor learning, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, 05 social sciences, Neuropsychology, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Cognition, MESH: Neuropsychological Tests, Chemoradiotherapy, Time perception, MESH: Predictive Value of Tests, Clinical Psychology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Memory, Short-Term, Predictive value of tests, Child, Preschool, Female, Psychology, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Movement, Stimulus (physiology), 050105 experimental psychology, MESH: Memory, Short-Term, MESH: Time Perception, 03 medical and health sciences, Judgment, Predictive Value of Tests, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Cerebellar Neoplasms, MESH: Cerebellar Neoplasms, MESH: Medulloblastoma, Medulloblastoma, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Judgment, MESH: Attention, MESH: Humans, MESH: Child, Preschool, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Time Perception, Neuroscience, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.NEU.SC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences
Abstract

International audience; The aim of the present study was to investigate temporal abilities in children treated by surgery for a malignant tumor in the cerebellum. Children with a diagnosed medulloblastoma and age-paired control children were given a temporal discrimination task (bisection task) and a temporal reproduction task with two duration ranges, one shorter than 1s and the other longer than 4s. The motor and cognitive capacities of these children were also assessed by a battery of age-adapted neuropsychological tests. The results did not show any significant difference in performance between the children with or without cerebellar lesions in the temporal discrimination task. It was only in the temporal reproduction task that the children with cerebellar lesions reproduced longer and more variable durations than the other children, but only for the short stimulus durations (≤ 1 s). In addition, a hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the best predictor of variance in temporal performance was a significantly lower processing speed in children with cerebellar lesions in comparison to their controls. These results indicated that the major cause of deficits in temporal judgments in children with cerebellar lesions was due to their inability to reproduce accurately short temporal intervals in association with low processing speed, rather than to a specific deficit in the perception of time.

Published
2012
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7. Validating an interlingual metanorm for emotional analysis of texts

Author

Nicolas Leveau, Ba-Linh Nguyen, Guy Denhière, Sandra Jhean-Larose, Cognitions Humaine et ARTificielle (CHART), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Tijus, Charles, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Education Discours Apprentissages (EDA - EA 4071), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Psychobiologie du Développement, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Cognitions Humaine et ARTificielle ( CHART ), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis ( UP8 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Education Discours Apprentissages ( EDA - EA 4071 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive ( LPC ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), and École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE )

Subjects
Image Processing, Emotions, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, 050109 social psychology, Correlation, German, Computer-Assisted, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Developmental and Educational Psychology, General Psychology, MESH : Judgment, Language, 05 social sciences, [ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, MESH: Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, MESH: Internet, MESH: Language, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, language, Psychology (miscellaneous), MESH : Internet, Psychology, Arousal, Social psychology, MESH : Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Cognitive psychology, MESH: Terminology as Topic, Emotion classification, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, MESH : Emotions, 050105 experimental psychology, [SHS.INFO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Judgment, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), MESH : Language, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Terminology as Topic, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Valence (psychology), MESH : Arousal, MESH: Emotions, MESH: Judgment, Internet, MESH: Humans, MESH: Arousal, MESH : Humans, MESH : Terminology as Topic, language.human_language, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

In this article, we present a set of 12 norms that characterize emotional terms in French, English, German, Spanish, Italian, and Finnish. The high correlation between the norm values in the two emotional dimensions of valence and arousal suggests an interlingual homogeneity of emotional representations and allows a significant metanorm-EMONORM-to be established with 6,383 terms characterized in valence and 4,345 terms characterized in arousal. This metanorm is a resource for creating experimental materials in studies on language and emotions. Furthermore, we perform three tests using EMONORM, with the objectives of (1) identifying basic emotions from their valence and arousal values, (2) determining the orientation of texts referring to positive and negative emotions, and (3) evaluating the intensity of emotions expressed in texts. The results are highly similar to those for human judgments. Finally, we present EMOVAL/SEMOTEX, a Web application for static and dynamic valence and arousal emotional analysis of texts using EMONORM ( http://www.semotex.fr ).

Published
2011
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8. Observing or producing a motor action improves later perception of biological motion: evidence for a gender effect

Author

Christel Bidet-Ildei, Alan Chauvin, Yann Coello, Unité de Recherche en Sciences Cognitives et Affectives (URECA), Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales

Subjects
Male, genetic structures, Motion Perception, Poison control, 0302 clinical medicine, Developmental and Educational Psychology, media_common, Response priming, MESH: Middle Aged, 05 social sciences, Cognition, Body movement, General Medicine, Middle Aged, 16. Peace & justice, MESH: Photic Stimulation, MESH: Motion Perception, MESH: Young Adult, Facilitation, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Psychology, Priming (psychology), Social psychology, Cognitive psychology, Adult, media_common.quotation_subject, MESH: Motion, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, MESH: Psychomotor Performance, 050105 experimental psychology, Judgment, Motion, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), MESH: Sex Factors, Perception, Reaction Time, Humans, Learning, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, MESH: Judgment, MESH: Humans, MESH: Adult, MESH: Male, MESH: Reaction Time, MESH: Learning, MESH: Female, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biological motion
Abstract

International audience; Two experiments are presented addressing the issue of whether observing (visual priming) or producing (motor priming) a running activity during a very short period (30s) facilitates the perception of the direction of a point-light runner embedded in a dense dynamical mask. Experiment 1 showed that perceptual judgements improved and response time increased in the visual priming compared to the neutral priming condition (video of a moving car) in which judgements were at random. Because this effect was observed for male participants only, we performed a second experiment with the aim of evaluating the role of gender congruency in the visual priming condition. Results confirmed the facilitation effect and demonstrated that this effect was strictly dependent on the gender congruency between the perceiver and the priming information. Moreover, we found that actually producing a motor activity similar to the one presented in the video sequence improved to the same extent participants' judgement of the direction of the point-light runner, without any gender effect. As a whole, these findings argue in favour of common representation for the perception and the production of human movement and showed that the perception of biological motion can be improved by prior motor activity either performed or observed. However, the gender-dependent effect of visual priming suggested that motor repertoire differed in males and females.

Published
2010
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9. Visual modulation of pleasure in subjects with physical and social anhedonia

Author

Kenneth Knoblauch, Stéphanie Dubal, Gwladys Rey, Marie Prévost, Odile Komano, Roland Jouvent, Institut cellule souche et cerveau (U846 Inserm - UCBL1), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Vulnérabilité Adaptation et Psychopathologie (VAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Emotion, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut cellule souche et cerveau (SBRI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, 050103 clinical psychology, Emotions, Social Environment, Developmental psychology, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Contrast (vision), 10. No inequality, media_common, MESH: Social Environment, 05 social sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, MESH: Photic Stimulation, Feeling, MESH: Young Adult, behavior and behavior mechanisms, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], medicine.symptom, Psychology, psychological phenomena and processes, Cognitive psychology, media_common.quotation_subject, Sensory system, behavioral disciplines and activities, MESH: Psychotic Disorders, Pleasure, Judgment, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Perception, MESH: Analysis of Variance, medicine, Humans, Personality, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Affective Symptoms, Biological Psychiatry, MESH: Emotions, MESH: Judgment, Analysis of Variance, MESH: Affective Symptoms, MESH: Humans, MESH: Questionnaires, Anhedonia, Social environment, MESH: Male, Psychotic Disorders, MESH: Female, Photic Stimulation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Anhedonia is a personality trait associated with a decrease in the ability to feel pleasure. We investigated the experience of pleasure in individuals with physical and social anhedonia for positive pictures with varying levels of luminance contrast. Photographs with either a sensory or a social content were modified with a contrast-gradation procedure. Participants had to report the intensity of the pleasure they experienced in response to these pictures. Twenty-six subjects with physical anhedonia, 18 with social anhedonia and 34 control subjects completed the task. In controls, high-contrast pictures elicited an intense feeling of pleasure, whereas low contrast pictures elicited little pleasure. Although they were also sensitive to the modulation of contrast, subjects with physical and social anhedonia reported less pleasure than controls, across a larger range of contrast levels for sensory and social pictures, respectively. The findings suggest that the deficit in the experience of positive emotion in anhedonia is associated with a diminished pleasure intensity, fairly selective for the sensory or the social emotion dimension. This study encourages further investigation of the interaction between perceptual encoding and emotional processing in anhedonia.

Published
2010
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10. Cognitive inhibition of number/length interference in a Piaget-like task: evidence by combining ERP and MEG

Author

Stéphanie Dubal, Nathalie Tzourio-Mazoyer, Laurent Petit, Marc Joliot, Bernard Mazoyer, Gaëlle Leroux, Olivier Houdé, Centre-Imagerie, Neurosciences, et Application aux Pathologies (CI-NAPS - UMR 6232), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe d'imagerie neuro-fonctionnelle (GIN - UMR 6194), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Vulnérabilité Adaptation et Psychopathologie (VAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Emotion, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Département Systèmes (DSYS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre-Imagerie, Neurosciences, et Application aux Pathologies ( CI-NAPS - UMR 6232 ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Groupe d'imagerie neuro-fonctionnelle ( GIN - UMR 6194 ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Vulnérabilité Adaptation et Psychopathologie ( VAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 ( PhLAM ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Universitaire de France ( IUF ), Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ), Département Systèmes ( DSYS ), Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information ( CEA-LETI ), Université Grenoble Alpes [Saint Martin d'Hères]-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Grenoble Alpes [Saint Martin d'Hères]-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, MESH: Magnetoencephalography, genetic structures, Brain activity and meditation, MESH : Brain Mapping, Precuneus, MESH : Analysis of Variance, MESH: Cognition, Functional Laterality, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, MESH : Neural Pathways, Neural Pathways, Task Performance and Analysis, MESH : Female, MESH : Mathematics, MESH : Task Performance and Analysis, Evoked Potentials, MESH: Brain Mapping, MESH : Judgment, MESH : Principal Component Analysis, Cerebral Cortex, Brain Mapping, Principal Component Analysis, medicine.diagnostic_test, 05 social sciences, Magnetoencephalography, MESH : Adult, SMA, Sensory Systems, MESH: Evoked Potentials, Cognitive inhibition, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, MESH : Magnetoencephalography, MESH: Young Adult, MESH : Cognition, MESH : Cerebral Cortex, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Psychology, Adult, MESH : Male, MESH : Young Adult, behavioral disciplines and activities, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Judgment, Young Adult, Event-related potential, Physiology (medical), MESH: Analysis of Variance, medicine, Reaction Time, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, MESH: Functional Laterality, MESH : Functional Laterality, MESH: Judgment, MESH: Principal Component Analysis, Communication, Analysis of Variance, MESH: Humans, MESH : Evoked Potentials, Working memory, business.industry, MESH: Neural Pathways, MESH : Humans, MESH: Mathematics, MESH: Adult, MESH: Task Performance and Analysis, MESH: Cerebral Cortex, MESH: Male, MESH: Reaction Time, Electrophysiology, MESH : Reaction Time, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), business, Neuroscience, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Mathematics
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVE: We combined event-related potential (ERP) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) acquisition and analysis to investigate the electrophysiological markers of the inhibitory processes involved in the number/length interference in a Piaget-like numerical task. METHODS: Eleven healthy subjects performed four gradually interfering conditions with the heuristic "length equals number" to be inhibited. Low resolution tomography reconstruction was performed on the combined grand averaged electromagnetic data at the early (N1, P1) and late (P2, N2, P3(early) and P3(late)) latencies. Every condition was analyzed at both scalp and regional brain levels. RESULTS: The inhibitory processes were visible on the late components of the electromagnetic brain activity. A right P2-related frontal orbital activation reflected the change of strategy in the inhibitory processes. N2-related SMA/cingulate activation revealed the first occurrence of the stimuli processing to be inhibited. Both P3 components revealed the working memory processes operating in a medial temporal complex and the mental imagery processes subtended by the precuneus. CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous ERP and MEG signal acquisition and analysis allowed to describe the spatiotemporal patterns of neural networks involved in the inhibition of the "length equals number" interference. SIGNIFICANCE: Combining ERP and MEG ensured a sensitivity which could be reached previously only through invasive intracortical recordings.

Published
2009
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11. Autobiographical memory, autonoetic consciousness, and self-perspective in aging

Author

David Clarys, Laurence Taconnat, Francis Eustache, Bérengère Guillery-Girard, Pascale Piolino, Michel Isingrini, Béatrice Desgranges, Laboratoire Cognition et Comportement (FRE 2987), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Neuropsychologie, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers, Eustache, Francis, Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Cognition et Comportement ( FRE 2987 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage ( CeRCA ), and Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Male, MESH: Awareness, MESH : Aged, MESH: Mental Recall, Autonoetic consciousness, MESH : Life Change Events, MESH: Semantics, Developmental psychology, 0302 clinical medicine, Semantic memory, MESH : Female, MESH: Aging, MESH : Semantics, Episodic memory, MESH : Self Concept, media_common, MESH : Judgment, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, semantic memory, 05 social sciences, autobiographical memory, MESH : Awareness, Retention, Psychology, Cognition, episodic memory, MESH : Adult, Awareness, Middle Aged, MESH : Retention (Psychology), Semantics, MESH: Retention (Psychology), Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], remote memory, Psychology, Cognitive psychology, Adult, Dissociation (neuropsychology), MESH : Time Perception, Social Psychology, media_common.quotation_subject, MESH : Male, Self-concept, 050105 experimental psychology, Life Change Events, MESH: Time Perception, 03 medical and health sciences, Judgment, MESH: Self Concept, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, MESH : Middle Aged, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Aged, MESH: Judgment, MESH: Humans, Autobiographical memory, MESH : Humans, MESH : Mental Recall, aging, MESH: Adult, MESH : Aging, Self Concept, MESH: Male, MESH: Life Change Events, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Mental Recall, Time Perception, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Consciousness, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; In this study, the authors examined the effects of aging on autobiographical memory in 180 participants by means of a new method designed to assess across 5 lifetime periods the nature of memories-that is, specificity and spontaneity--and the phenomenal experience of remembering--that is, self-perspective and autonoetic consciousness--via the field/observer and remember/know paradigms respectively. Age-related differences were found for the specificity and spontaneity of memories and the phenomenal experience of remembering. There was an increase in observer and know responses with age, but a decrease in field and remember responses and in the ability to justify them by recalling sensory-perceptive, affective, or spatiotemporal specific details. This pattern confirms the existence of a semantic-episodic dissociation in autobiographical memory in aging. Moreover, the data support the view that older participants can subjectively "travel back in time" to relive personal events in the most distant past better than those in the recent past.

Published
2006
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12. Psychophysical assessment of magno- and parvocellular function in schizophrenia

Author

Kenneth Knoblauch, Maria Giovanna Ducato, Frédéric Devinck, Sandrine Delord, Pierre Thomas, Delphine Pins, Muriel Boucart, Equipe de Psychologie Cognitive, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-EA3662, Neurosciences fonctionnelles et pathologies (NFP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Section of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California-University of California, Cerveau et vision, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-IFR19-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Knoblauch, Kenneth, and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)

Subjects
Male, Light, genetic structures, Physiology, Motion Perception, Luminance, 0302 clinical medicine, Discrimination, Psychological, Psychophysics, MESH: Discrimination (Psychology), MESH: Contrast Sensitivity, MESH: Middle Aged, Middle Aged, Sensory Systems, MESH: Photic Stimulation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, MESH: Motion Perception, [SDV.MHEP.OS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, Female, Schizophrenic Psychology, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Psychology, Cognitive psychology, MESH: Schizophrenic Psychology, Adult, Parvocellular, MESH: Space Per, Adolescent, MESH: Pattern Recognition, Visual, Stimulus (physiology), MESH: Psychophysics, Contrast Sensitivity, 03 medical and health sciences, Judgment, Parvocellular cell, Humans, Visual Pathways, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Judgment, MESH: Humans, Magnocellular, MESH: Adult, MESH: Schizophrenia, MESH: Light, MESH: Male, 030227 psychiatry, nervous system, Space Perception, Schizophrenia, sense organs, Neuroscience, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Photic Stimulation
Abstract

Recently developed psychophysical techniques permit the biasing of the processing of the stimulus by early visual channels so that responses reflect characteristics of either magno- or parvocellular pathways (Pokorny & Smith, 1997). We used such techniques to test psychophysically whether the global magnocellular dysfunction reported in schizophrenia also affects early processes. Seven schizophrenic patients and 19 normal controls participated. The task was a four-alternative forced-choice luminance discrimination, using a 2 × 2 configuration of four 1-deg squares. Target luminance threshold was determined in three conditions: the stimulus, including the target, was pulsed for 17 ms (pulse paradigm); the target was presented on a steady background of four squares (steady paradigm), or the target was presented alone (no background paradigm). We replicated previous results demonstrating magnocellular and parvocellular signatures in control participants. No evidence for an early magnocellular deficit could be detected as the thresholds of all schizophrenic observers were higher both in the steady paradigm (presumed magnocellular mediation) and in the pulse paradigm (presumed parvocellular mediation). Magnocellular dysfunction, if present in schizophrenia, must concern more integrated processes, possibly at levels at which parvocellular and magnocellular paths interact.

Published
2006
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13. Reference frames for spatial cognition: Different brain areas are involved in viewer-, object-, and landmark-centered judgments about object location

Author

Denis LeBihan, Anne-Lise Paradis, Giorgia Committeri, Luigi Pizzamiglio, Alain Berthoz, Gaspare Galati, Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Perception et de l'Action (LPPA), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Geometry and Probability for Motion and Action (E-MOTION), Laboratoire d'informatique GRAphique, VIsion et Robotique de Grenoble (GRAVIR - IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, IFR de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle (IFR 49), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot (SHFJ), Human Brain Research Center [Kyoto] (HBRC), Kyoto University [Kyoto], National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Kyoto University

Subjects
Male, genetic structures, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, MESH: Frontal Lobe, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, User-Computer Interface, 0302 clinical medicine, Discrimination, Psychological, Reference Values, Parietal Lobe, MESH: Discrimination (Psychology), MESH: Brain Mapping, Temporal cortex, Cerebral Cortex, Brain Mapping, MESH: Parietal Lobe, medicine.diagnostic_test, 05 social sciences, Parietal lobe, MESH: Reference Values, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Temporal Lobe, Frontal Lobe, medicine.anatomical_structure, MESH: Photic Stimulation, Frontal lobe, Female, Occipital Lobe, MESH: Computer Graphics, Psychology, MESH: Occipital Lobe, Adult, Cognitive Neuroscience, MESH: Space Perception, Posterior parietal cortex, Spatial Behavior, 050105 experimental psychology, Premotor cortex, 03 medical and health sciences, Judgment, MESH: Computer Simulation, MESH: Spatial Behavior, medicine, Computer Graphics, Humans, MESH: Temporal Lobe, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Computer Simulation, MESH: User-Computer Interface, MESH: Judgment, MESH: Humans, MESH: Adult, Spatial cognition, MESH: Male, MESH: Cerebral Cortex, Space Perception, Occipital lobe, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Neuroscience, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Photic Stimulation
Abstract

Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to compare the neural correlates of three different types of spatial coding, which are implicated in crucial cognitive functions of our everyday life, such as visuomotor coordination and orientation in topographical space. By manipulating the requested spatial reference during a task of relative distance estimation, we directly compared viewer-centered, object-centered, and landmark-centered spatial coding of the same realistic 3-D information. Common activation was found in bilateral parietal, occipital, and right frontal premotor regions. The retrosplenial and ventromedial occipital–temporal cortex (and parts of the parietal and occipital cortex) were significantly more activated during the landmark-centered condition. The ventrolateral occipital–temporal cortex was particularly involved in object-centered coding. Results strongly demonstrate that viewer-centered (egocentric) coding is restricted to the dorsal stream and connected frontal regions, whereas a coding centered on external references requires both dorsal and ventral regions, depending on the reference being a movable object or a landmark.

Published
2004
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14. The reproduction of vertical and oblique orientations in the visual, haptic, and somato-vestibular systems

Author

Corinne Cian, Yvette Hatwell, Edouard Gentaz, Pierre Alain Barraud, Marion Luyat, Christian Raphel, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Cognition et Comportement (FRE 2987), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies (LNFP), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherches du Service de Santé des Armées (CRSSA), Service de Santé des Armées, Laboratoire de cristallographie et RMN biologiques (LCRB - UMR 8015), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition ( LPNC ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Laboratoire Cognition et Comportement ( FRE 2987 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies ( LNFP ), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Recherches du Service de Santé des Armées ( CRSSA ), Laboratoire de cristallographie et RMN biologiques ( LCRB - UMR 8015 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)

Subjects
Male, Periodicity, MESH: Periodicity, MESH: Gravitation, MESH : Gravitation, 0302 clinical medicine, Computer vision, General Psychology, MESH : Judgment, Haptic technology, media_common, Vestibular system, 05 social sciences, Amodal perception, MESH: Kinesthesis, MESH : Adult, MESH: Touch, MESH : Environment, MESH : Vestibule, Labyrinth, MESH : Kinesthesis, MESH : Periodicity, Visual Perception, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Vestibule, Labyrinth, Cues, MESH : Space Perception, Psychology, MESH : Touch, MESH : Visual Perception, Gravitation, Adult, MESH : Male, media_common.quotation_subject, MESH: Space Perception, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Environment, 050105 experimental psychology, Vertical orientation, 03 medical and health sciences, Perceptual system, Judgment, Perception, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, MESH: Environment, Kinesthesis, MESH: Judgment, Communication, MESH: Humans, MESH : Cues, MESH: Visual Perception, business.industry, MESH : Humans, Oblique case, Visual task, MESH: Adult, MESH: Male, Touch, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Space Perception, Artificial intelligence, business, MESH: Vestibule, Labyrinth, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MESH: Cues
Abstract

International audience; This study investigates whether the vertical orientation may be predominantly used as an amodal reference norm by the visual, haptic, and somato-vestibular perceptual systems to define oblique orientations. We examined this question by asking the same sighted adult subjects to reproduce, in the frontal (roll) plane, the vertical (0 degree) and six oblique orientations in three tasks involving different perceptual systems. In the visual task, the subjects adjusted a moveable rod so that it reproduced the orientation of a visual rod seen previously in a dark room. In the haptic task, the blindfolded sighted subjects scanned an oriented rod with one hand and reproduced its orientation, with the same hand, on a moveable response rod. In the somato-vestibular task, the blind-folded sighted subjects, sitting in a rotating chair, adjusted this chair in order to reproduce the tested orientation of their own body. The results showed that similar oblique effects (unsigned angular error difference between six oblique orientations and vertical orientation) were observed across the three tasks. However, there were no positive correlations between the visual, haptic, and somato-vestibular oblique effects. Moreover, in some oblique orientations, there was a tendency to overestimate the angle between the oblique orientation and the vertical orientation. This effect varied according to the orientation value and the modality. Taken together, these findings suggest that although vertical orientation is used as a reference norm in the visual, haptic, and somato-vestibular systems to define oblique orientations, specific processing mechanisms seem to be at work in each perceptual system.

Published
2001

15. The role of neck afferents in subjective orientation in the visual and tactile sensory modalities

Author

Didier Poquin, Marion Luyat, Michel Guerraz, Théophile Ohlmann, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies (LNFP), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherches du Service de Santé des Armées (CRSSA), Service de Santé des Armées, Virologie humaine, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-IFR128-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-IFR128-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Male, Supine position, genetic structures, MESH: Random Allocation, Random Allocation, 0302 clinical medicine, Neck Muscles, media_common, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Neurons, Afferent, 05 social sciences, MESH: Posture, General Medicine, Anatomy, Middle Aged, MESH: Touch, Visual Perception, MESH: Head, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Psychology, psychological phenomena and processes, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Head tilt, media_common.quotation_subject, Posture, Spatial Behavior, MESH: Neck Muscles, 050105 experimental psychology, Judgment, 03 medical and health sciences, Stimulus modality, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Orientation (mental), Perception, MESH: Spatial Behavior, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Neurons, Afferent, MESH: Judgment, Modality (human–computer interaction), Modalities, MESH: Humans, MESH: Visual Perception, MESH: Adult, Tactile perception, MESH: Male, Otorhinolaryngology, Touch, Head, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; We studied the influence of neck afferents on the perception of orientation. In Experiment 1, we investigated the effect of head tilt on the subjective vertical in both the visual and tactile modalities. The results showed that head tilt triggers an Aubert effect in the visual modality and a M?r effect in the tactile modality. Significant positive correlations between the two adjustment modalities were restricted to head tilt to the left. In Experiment 2, we investigated the role of neck afferents on tactile orientation in seated and supine positions. The results showed that, in the supine position, the tactile E-effect was twice as large as in the seated position. These experiments confirm that tactile perception of orientation is affected by neck afferents, and show that the influence of neck afferents is limited by relevant gravitational cues.

Published
2000
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16. Head orientation involvement in assessment of the subjective vertical during whole body tilt

Author

Michel Guerraz, Théophile Ohlmann, Didier Poquin, Marion Luyat, Centre de Recherches du Service de Santé des Armées (CRSSA), Service de Santé des Armées, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies (LNFP), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Virologie humaine, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-IFR128-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-IFR128-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Head tilt, Movement, Posture, MESH: Orientation, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, MESH: Movement, 050105 experimental psychology, Judgment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Orientation, Orientation (geometry), Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Mathematics::Representation Theory, Mathematics, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Judgment, MESH: Humans, MESH: Visual Perception, 05 social sciences, MESH: Adult, MESH: Posture, 030229 sport sciences, Geodesy, Degree (music), Sensory Systems, MESH: Male, Tilt (optics), Visual Perception, Head (vessel), MESH: Head, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Whole body, Head, MESH: Female
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this research was to investigate the involvement of head tilt in the assessment of the subjective vertical during whole body tilt. For inclinations up to 28 degrees, it appears that the whole body tilt gives rise to more important deviations towards its direction (A-effect) than when the tilt was restricted to the head. A multiple regression analysis shows that errors in head-tilt condition partially account for the global errors observed in condition of whole body tilt. Other factors (relative to the degree of inclination) also played a role in the determination of the subjective vertical in whole body tilt but were less important than head tilt. These results are highly compatible with the assumption of head orientation as the major determinant in roll-tilt effects.

Published
1998
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17. Colour, face, and visuospatial imagery abilities in low-vision individuals with visual field deficits

Author

Sylvie Chokron, Paolo Bartolomeo, Céline Cavézian, Coline Serrière, Anne-Catherine Bachoud-Lévi, David Dulin, laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique (LCFIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre de référence maladie de Huntington, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Service de neurologie [Mondor], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception (LPP - UMR 8242), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique ( LCFIO ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut d'Optique Graduate School ( IOGS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut d'Optique Graduate School ( IOGS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale ( IMRB ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière ( CRICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception ( LPP - UMR 8242 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition ( LPNC ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], and CHU Trousseau [APHP]

Subjects
Male, Visual perception, genetic structures, Physiology, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH : Female, MESH: Neuroimaging, General Psychology, MESH : Judgment, media_common, MESH: Middle Aged, 05 social sciences, Brain, General Medicine, Middle Aged, MESH : Adult, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH: Case-Control Studies, Visual field, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, MESH : Retinitis Pigmentosa, Imagination, Visual Perception, Peripheral visual field loss, Auditory imagery, Female, MESH : Face, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], MESH : Vision, Low, Psychology, MESH : Visual Perception, MESH: Face, Retinitis Pigmentosa, Mental image, Cognitive psychology, Adult, MESH : Imagination, MESH : Case-Control Studies, MESH : Male, MESH: Hemianopsia, media_common.quotation_subject, Color, Vision, Low, Neuroimaging, MESH : Visual Fields, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, MESH: Vision, Low, 050105 experimental psychology, Judgment, MESH: Brain, 03 medical and health sciences, Visual memory, MESH : Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Physiology (medical), Perception, Humans, MESH : Neuroimaging, MESH : Middle Aged, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, MESH : Hemianopsia, MESH: Imagination, MESH: Color, MESH: Judgment, MESH: Humans, MESH: Visual Perception, MESH : Humans, MESH: Adult, MESH: Male, eye diseases, Low vision, MESH : Color, MESH : Brain, Case-Control Studies, Face, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Hemianopsia, MESH: Retinitis Pigmentosa, Visual Fields, MESH: Visual Fields, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; This study investigates to what extent visual perception integrity is necessary for visual mental imagery. Sixteen low-vision participants with severe peripheral visual field loss, 16 with severe central field loss, 6 left brain-damaged patients with right homonymous hemianopia, 6 right brain-damaged patients with left homonymous hemianopia, and 16 normally sighted controls performed perceptual and imagery tasks using colours, faces, and spatial relationships. Results showed that (a) the perceptual and mental image>ry disorders vary according to the type of visual field loss, (b) hemianopics had no more difficulties imagining spatial stimuli in their contralesional hemispace than in their ipsilesional one, and (c) the only hemianopic participant to have perceptual and mental imagery impairments suffered from attentional deficits. Results suggest that (a) visual memory is not definitively established, but rather needs perceptual practice to be maintained, and (b) that visual mental imagery may involve some of the attentional-exploratory mechanisms that are employed in visual behaviour.

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