Descriptor: "MESH: Zika Virus" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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46 results on '"MESH: Zika Virus"'

1. Zika vector competence data reveals risks of outbreaks: the contribution of the European ZIKAlliance project

Author: Thomas Obadia, Gladys Gutierrez-Bugallo, Veasna Duong, Ana I. Nuñez, Rosilainy S. Fernandes, Basile Kamgang, Liza Hery, Yann Gomard, Sandra R. Abbo, Davy Jiolle, Uros Glavinic, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Célestine M. Atyame, Nicolas Pocquet, Sébastien Boyer, Catherine Dauga, Marie Vazeille, André Yébakima, Michael T. White, Constantianus J. M. Koenraadt, Patrick Mavingui, Anubis Vega-Rua, Eva Veronesi, Gorben P. Pijlman, Christophe Paupy, Núria Busquets, Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Xavier De Lamballerie, Anna-Bella Failloux, Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Epidémiologie et Analyse des Maladies Infectieuses - Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics, Pedro Kouri Institute of Tropical Medicine, Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal [UAB, Spain] (CReSA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)-Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Institute [Rio de Janeiro] (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases [Yaoundé] (CRID), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM), Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IRD-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Entomologie médicale [Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie] (URE-EM), Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs - Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, VECCOTRA, Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Tis study was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under ZIKAlliance grant agreement no. 734548., European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Obadia, Thomas, A global alliance for Zika virus control and prevention - ZIKAlliance - 2016-10-01 - 2019-09-30 - 734548 - VALID, University of Zurich, Failloux, Anna-Bella, Producció Animal, and Sanitat Animal
Subjects: 10078 Institute of Parasitology, Laboratory of Virology, General Physics and Astronomy, 610 Medicine & health, 1600 General Chemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, MESH: Zika Virus, Mosquito Vectors, Virus-host interactions, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Disease Outbreaks, Laboratorium voor Virologie, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, 1300 General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Aedes, 600 Technology, Life Science, Animals, Humans, MESH: Animals, Laboratory of Entomology, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, 1000 Multidisciplinary, MESH: Humans, Multidisciplinary, Zika Virus Infection, Virus–host interactions, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Infant, Newborn, Zika Virus, MESH: Aedes, General Chemistry, PE&RC, Laboratorium voor Entomologie, 3100 General Physics and Astronomy, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, General Biochemistry, 570 Life sciences, biology, MESH: Mosquito Vectors, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Entomology
Abstract: First identified in 1947, Zika virus took roughly 70 years to cause a pandemic unusually associated with virus-induced brain damage in newborns. Zika virus is transmitted by mosquitoes, mainly Aedes aegypti, and secondarily, Aedes albopictus, both colonizing a large strip encompassing tropical and temperate regions. As part of the international project ZIKAlliance initiated in 2016, 50 mosquito populations from six species collected in 12 countries were experimentally infected with different Zika viruses. Here, we show that Ae. aegypti is mainly responsible for Zika virus transmission having the highest susceptibility to viral infections. Other species play a secondary role in transmission while Culex mosquitoes are largely non-susceptible. Zika strain is expected to significantly modulate transmission efficiency with African strains being more likely to cause an outbreak. As the distribution of Ae. aegypti will doubtless expand with climate change and without new marketed vaccines, all the ingredients are in place to relive a new pandemic of Zika. Zika virus (ZIKV), the causative agent of virus-induced brain damage in newborns, is transmitted by mosquitoes, mainly Aedes aegypti, and secondarily, Aedes albopictus. Here, Obadia et al. characterize ZIKV vector competence of 50 mosquito populations from six species collected in 12 different countries to inform about epidemic risk. They find that African ZIKV strain shows higher transmission efficiency compared to American and Asian ZIKV strains and that Ae. aegypti mosquitoes have highest susceptibility to infections, while Culex mosquitoes are largely non-susceptible.
Published: 2022

2. The legacy of ZikaPLAN

Author: Annelies Wilder-Smith, Elizabeth B. Brickley, Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Ximenes, Demócrito de Barros Miranda-Filho, Celina Maria Turchi Martelli, Tom Solomon, Bart C. Jacobs, Carlos A. Pardo, Lyda Osorio, Beatriz Parra, Suzannah Lant, Hugh J Willison, Sonja Leonhard, Lance Turtle, Maria Lúcia Brito Ferreira, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira Franca, Louis Lambrechts, Johan Neyts, Suzanne Kaptein, Rosanna Peeling, Deborah Boeras, James Logan, Helen Dolk, Ieda M Orioli, Andreas Neumayr, Trudie Lang, Bonny Baker, Eduardo Massad, Raman Preet, Umeå University, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] (UFPE), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), University of Liverpool, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Universidad del Valle [Cali] (Univalle), University of Glasgow, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Hospital da Restauração, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Institute [Rio de Janeiro] (IOC), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Interactions Virus-Insectes - Insect-Virus Interactions (IVI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rega Institute for Medical Research [Leuven, België], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Global Health Impact Group, University of Ulster, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], University of Oxford, Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), This project, ZikaPLAN is funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. h2020 health 734584. Some authors have received additional research funding. The Microencephaly Epidemic Research Group (MERG) has received additional funding from Wellcome Trust UK, Department for International Development UK, Medical Research Council UK, the Brazilian funding through CNPq, Secretaria de Vigilância de Saúde (SVS), and Fundação do Amparo a Ciência e Tecnologia (FACEPE). LT is supported by a Wellcome Trust fellowship [205228/Z/16/Z]. The Latin American Congenital Malformations Network (ReLAMC) group has received additional Brazilian funding through DECIT, CNPq (440614/2016-3), and CAPES (88887.130724/2016-00, 88887.130724/2016-00), and European Project: 734584,ZikaPLAN
Subjects: Adult, congenital Zika syndrome, encephalitis, birth defect, MESH: Zika Virus, MESH: Global Health, research capacity building, Global Health, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Zika, epidemic preparedness, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, MESH: Child, Humans, microcephaly, European Commission, Child, MESH: Humans, Zika Virus Infection, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Guillain-Barré Syndrome, MESH: Adult, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Zika Virus, sustainability, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, MESH: Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, MESH: Brazil, Brazil
Abstract: Global health research partnerships with institutions from high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries are one of the European Commission's flagship programmes. Here, we report on the ZikaPLAN research consortium funded by the European Commission with the primary goal of addressing the urgent knowledge gaps related to the Zika epidemic and the secondary goal of building up research capacity and establishing a Latin American-European research network for emerging vector-borne diseases. Five years of collaborative research effort have led to a better understanding of the full clinical spectrum of congenital Zika syndrome in children and the neurological complications of Zika virus infections in adults and helped explore the origins and trajectory of Zika virus transmission. Individual-level data from ZikaPLAN`s cohort studies were shared for joint analyses as part of the Zika Brazilian Cohorts Consortium, the European Commission-funded Zika Cohorts Vertical Transmission Study Group, and the World Health Organization-led Zika Virus Individual Participant Data Consortium. Furthermore, the legacy of ZikaPLAN includes new tools for birth defect surveillance and a Latin American birth defect surveillance network, an enhanced Guillain-Barre Syndrome research collaboration, a de-centralized evaluation platform for diagnostic assays, a global vector control hub, and the REDe network with freely available training resources to enhance global research capacity in vector-borne diseases. ispartof: GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION vol:14 issue:sup1 ispartof: location:United States status: published
Published: 2022

3. Excretion of Cell-Free and Cell-Associated Zika Virus into Breast Milk of Infected Dams and Identification of Antiviral Factors

Author: Sophie Desgraupes, Patricia Jeannin, Antoine Gessain, Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi, Aurore Vidy, Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes / Oncogenic Virus Epidemiology and Pathophysiology (EPVO (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_3)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), S.D. was the recipient of a PhD fellowship from the French ministry of education and research for this project, and We thank Mathieu Hubert (Institut Pasteur) for his participation in the milk collection during the last experiment, Philippe Afonso (Institut Pasteur) for improving the manuscript, Emeline Perthame (Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Institut Pasteur) for improving the statistical analysis and Valérie Choumet (Institut Pasteur) for helpful advice.
Subjects: MESH: Antiviral Agents, breastfeeding, mother-to-child transmission, milk cells, antiviral, fatty acids, MESH: Zika Virus, Antiviral Agents, Biological Factors, Mice, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, Virology, Animals, Humans, MESH: Animals, MESH: Mice, MESH: Humans, MESH: Milk, Human, Milk, Human, Zika Virus Infection, Zika Virus, MESH: Satellite Viruses, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, MESH: Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Infectious Diseases, Satellite Viruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Biological Factors, Female, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne RNA virus belonging to the Flavivirus genus of the Flaviviridae family. During the 60 years following its discovery in 1947, ZIKV caused little concern for public health as the associated infection was reported as mostly asymptomatic or inducing mild symptoms. However, since 2013, severe neurological symptoms have been associated with ZIKV infection, compelling the World Health Organization to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Among those symptoms, neurological birth defects may affect children born to mothers infected during pregnancy. Additionally, during the past 8 years, ZIKV transmission through breastfeeding has repeatedly been suggested in epidemiological studies and demonstrated on a mouse model by our team. To better understand the biological factors controlling ZIKV transmission through breastfeeding, we investigated the nature of the viral entities excreted in the breast milk of infected dams and evaluated viral transmission to breastfed pups. We show that both cell-free and cell-associated virus is excreted into breast milk and that ZIKV is efficiently transmitted to the breastfed pups. Additionally, we studied murine breast milk cell types, and identified a majority of mammary luminal cells. Finally, we investigated the effect on ZIKV infectivity of several breast milk components that are antiviral against different viruses such as lactoferrin (LF) and lactalbumin (LA), or free fatty acids (FFA). We showed no effect of LF and LA, whereas FFA inactivated the virus. These results bring new insight concerning the mechanisms of ZIKV transmission during breastfeeding and identify biological factors modulating it. These elements should be considered in risk assessment of ZIKV mother-to-child transmission
Published: 2022

4. The epitope arrangement on flavivirus particles contributes to Mab C10’s extraordinary neutralization breadth across Zika and dengue viruses

Author: Gavin R. Screaton, Pablo Guardado-Calvo, Félix A. Rey, Xinghong Dai, Danyang Gong, Patrick England, Alexander Rouvinski, Marie-Christine Vaney, Ahmed Haouz, Z. Hong Zhou, Wanwisa Dejnirattisai, Stéphane Duquerroy, Ren Sun, Arvind Sharma, Xiaokang Zhang, Wiyada Wongwiwat, Juthathip Mongkolsapaya, Virologie Structurale - Structural Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Pasteur de Shanghai, Académie des Sciences de Chine - Chinese Academy of Sciences (IPS-CAS), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), University of Oxford, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC), Université Paris-Saclay, Centre de Ressources et de Recherche Technologique - Center for Technological Resources and Research (C2RT), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Cristallographie (Plateforme) - Crystallography (Platform), Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Mahidol University [Bangkok], This project was supported by a Wellcome Trust collaborative grant (UNS22082 to G.R.S., J.M., and F.A.R.), by the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre Funding Scheme (to G.R.S.), and by grants from the National Institutes of Health (DE028583, AI094386, and DE025567 to Z.H.Z. and R.S.)., and We thank Fabrice Agou and the staff of the Chemogenomic and Biological Screening Platform for access to the MALS equipment as well as the staff of the Crytallography core facility at the Institut Pasteur for robot-driven crystallization screens. We acknowledge the use of synchrotron beam lines PX1 and PX2 at SOLEIL (St Aubin, France), ID29 and ID23-1 at ESRF (Grenoble, France) and X06SA at SLS (Villigen, Switzerland), and we thank their staff for assistance. We also acknowledge the use of the resources at the Electron Imaging Center for Nanomachines, supported in part by 1S10RR23057, 1S10OD018111, 1U24GM116792 and NSF DBI-1338135 and DMR-1548924 at UCLA. G.R.S. is supported as a Wellcome Trust Senior Investigator (095541/A/11/Z). F.A.R. is supported by Institut Pasteur and the CNRS.
Subjects: medicine.drug_class, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Vero Cells, MESH: Zika Virus, MESH: Dengue, Biology, Dengue virus, Monoclonal antibody, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Dengue Virus, complex mixtures, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Epitope, Neutralization, Zika virus, MESH: Antibodies, Monoclonal, MESH: Antibodies, Neutralizing, MESH: Drosophila melanogaster, MESH: Cross Reactions, MESH: Protein Conformation, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Chlorocebus aethiops, medicine, MESH: Protein Binding, MESH: Animals, X-ray crystallography, MESH: Humans, Flaviviruses, broadly neutralizing antibodies, biology.organism_classification, Virology, MESH: Cell Line, Flavivirus, MESH: HEK293 Cells, MESH: Viral Envelope Proteins, biology.protein, vaccine design, cryo-EM, Paratope, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Antibody, MESH: Antibodies, Viral
Abstract: International audience; The human monoclonal antibody C10 exhibits extraordinary cross-reactivity, potently neutralizing Zika virus (ZIKV) and the four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV1-DENV4). Here we describe a comparative structure-function analysis of C10 bound to the envelope (E) protein dimers of the five viruses it neutralizes. We demonstrate that the C10 Fab has high affinity for ZIKV and DENV1 but not for DENV2, DENV3, and DENV4. We further show that the C10 interaction with the latter viruses requires an E protein conformational landscape that limits binding to only one of the three independent epitopes per virion. This limited affinity is nevertheless counterbalanced by the particle's icosahedral organization, which allows two different dimers to be reached by both Fab arms of a C10 immunoglobulin. The epitopes' geometric distribution thus confers C10 its exceptional neutralization breadth. Our results highlight the importance not only of paratope/epitope complementarity but also the topological distribution for epitope-focused vaccine design.
Published: 2021

5. Enhanced mosquito vectorial capacity underlies the Cape Verde Zika epidemic

Author: Noah H. Rose, Stéphanie Dabo, Silvânia da Veiga Leal, Massamba Sylla, Cheikh T. Diagne, Oumar Faye, Ousmane Faye, Amadou A. Sall, Carolyn S. McBride, Louis Lambrechts, Princeton University, Interactions Virus-Insectes - Insect-Virus Interactions (IVI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Instituto Nacional de Saúde Pública [Cabo Verde] (INSP), Université du Sine Saloum El-Hadj Ibrahima NIASS (USSEIN), Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under ZikaPLAN grant agreement no. 734584 (to LL), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (grant ANR-18-CE35-0003-01 to LL), the French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir program Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID to LL), and the US National Institutes of Health (grant NIDCD R00-DC012069 to CSM). NHR was supported by a Helen Hay Whitney Postdoctoral Fellowship. CSM is a New York Stem Cell Foundation – Robertson Investigator., ANR-18-CE35-0003,BAKOUMBA,Dissection de la base génétique d'un phénotype naturel de résistance à la dengue chez le moustique Aedes aegypti(2018), ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), and European Project: no. 734584
Subjects: MESH: Humans, General Immunology and Microbiology, Zika Virus Infection, General Neuroscience, MESH: Zika Virus, Zika Virus, Mosquito Vectors, MESH: Aedes, MESH: Cabo Verde, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Aedes, Cabo Verde, Animals, Humans, MESH: Animals, MESH: Saliva, MESH: Mosquito Vectors, Saliva, Epidemics, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, MESH: Epidemics
Abstract: The explosive emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) across the Pacific and Americas since 2007 was associated with hundreds of thousands of human cases and severe outcomes, including congenital microcephaly caused by ZIKV infection during pregnancy. Although ZIKV was first isolated in Uganda, Africa has so far been exempt from large-scale ZIKV epidemics, despite widespread susceptibility among African human populations. A possible explanation for this pattern is natural variation among populations of the primary vector of ZIKV, the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Globally invasive populations of Ae. aegypti outside of Africa are considered effective ZIKV vectors because they are human specialists with high intrinsic ZIKV susceptibility, whereas African populations of Ae. aegypti across the species’ native range are predominantly generalists with low intrinsic ZIKV susceptibility, making them less likely to spread viruses in the human population. We test this idea by studying a notable exception to the patterns observed across most of Africa: Cape Verde experienced a large ZIKV outbreak in 2015 to 2016. We find that local Ae. aegypti in Cape Verde have substantial human-specialist ancestry, show a robust behavioral preference for human hosts, and exhibit increased susceptibility to ZIKV infection, consistent with a key role for variation among mosquito populations in ZIKV epidemiology. These findings suggest that similar human-specialist populations of Ae. aegypti in the nearby Sahel region of West Africa, which may be expanding in response to rapid urbanization, could serve as effective vectors for ZIKV in the future.
Published: 2022

6. Mayaro virus infection in French Guiana, a cross sectional study 2003-2019

Author: Rémi Mutricy, Séverine Matheus, Émilie Mosnier, Enguerrane Martinez-Lorenzi, Franck De Laval, Mathieu Nacher, Florence Niemetzky, Pauline Naudion, Félix Djossou, Dominique Rousset, Loïc Epelboin, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Ecosystemes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPat), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Guyane (UG), Centre d'épidémiologie et de santé publique des armées [Marseille] (CESPA), Service de Santé des Armées, Centre Médical Interarmées de Cayenne, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], and ROUSSET, Dominique
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), viruses, MESH: Zika Virus, MESH: Chikungunya Fever, Mosquito Vectors, [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Microbiology, MESH: Arthralgia, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Aedes, MESH: Arboviruses, parasitic diseases, MESH: French Guiana, Genetics, Animals, Humans, MESH: Animals, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Retrospective Studies, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Humans, Zika Virus Infection, virus diseases, MESH: Retrospective Studies, MESH: Chikungunya virus, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, MESH: Aedes, Zika Virus, Arthralgia, French Guiana, Infectious Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Chikungunya Fever, MESH: Mosquito Vectors, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Chikungunya virus, Arboviruses
Abstract: International audience; Mayaro Virus is an emerging arbovirus which can be responsible of important outbreaks in tropical regions. A retrospective study was performed in French Guiana, an ultraperipheral region of Europe in Amazonia. We identified 17 human cases between 2003 and 2019. The clinical and biological picture was close to Chikungunya with fever and arthralgia. One patient had acute meningo-encephalitis, and 4 had persistent arthralgia. Physicians should be aware of this virus, as imported cases in Europe have already occurred. AUTHOR SUMMARY: Latin America has experienced several epidemics of arboviruses in recent years, some known for a long time, such as the dengue virus, and others of more recent introduction such as the chikungunya or Zika viruses. There are other arboviruses for the moment more discreet which are rife with low noise in several countries of the continent, such as the Mayaro virus. This alphavirus, with a presentation similar to that of the chikungunya virus, is currently confined to transmission by forest mosquitoes, but its potential to be transmitted by coastal mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti, make it a potential candidate for a continent-wide epidemic. It therefore seems necessary to know this virus as well as possible in order to anticipate the occurrence of a possible new epidemic. We present here a both demographic and clinical study of this endemic arbovirus disease in French Guiana.
Published: 2021

7. Sustained Low-Level Transmission of Zika and Chikungunya Viruses after Emergence in the Fiji Islands

Author: Jessica Vanhomwegen, Taina Naivalu, Teheipuaura Mariteragi-Helle, Colleen L. Lau, John Aaskov, Jean-Claude Manuguerra, Maite Aubry, Conall H. Watson, Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau, Anita Teissier, Stéphane Hué, Martin L. Hibberd, Ketan S. Christi, Adam J. Kucharski, Mike Kama, Tuterarii Paoaafaite, Didier Musso, Eric J. Nilles, Fiji Centre for Communicable Disease Control [Suva, Fidji], University of the South Pacific (USP), Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Fiji National University, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Brigham & Women’s Hospital [Boston] (BWH), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Harvard Humanitarian Initiative [Cambridge, Massachusetts], Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Australian National University (ANU), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), This work was part of ISID-Pacific and R-ZERO Pacific programs funded by the French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (Pacific Fund nos. 06314-09/04/14, 12115-02/09/15, 03016-20/05/16, and 04917-19/07/17). The study also received support from the Embassy of France in the Republic of the Fiji Islands. The study was supported by the French Government’s 'Investissement d’Avenir' Program (Labex IBEID no. ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID). C.L.L. was supported by an Australia National Health and Medical Research Council Fellowship (grant no. 1109035). A.J.K. was supported by a Wellcome Trust/Royal Society Sir Henry Dale Fellowship (grant no. 206250/Z/17/Z). The seroprevalence study was part of MSc research work by M.K. performed at the University of the South Pacific., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]
Subjects: Male, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, chikungunya, Epidemiology, viruses, vector-borne infections, lcsh:Medicine, MESH: Chikungunya Fever, medicine.disease_cause, phylogeny, law.invention, Dengue fever, Disease Outbreaks, 0302 clinical medicine, Viral Envelope Proteins, law, MESH: Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Risk Factors, Seroepidemiologic Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chikungunya, MESH: Fiji, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, MESH: Phylogeny, Islands, mosquitoborne diseases, Phylogenetic tree, seroprevalence, Zika Virus Infection, Dispatch, virus diseases, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Transmission (mechanics), arboviruses, Population Surveillance, surveillance, Female, Chikungunya virus, Microbiology (medical), MESH: Islands, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Zika Virus, Sustained Low-Level Transmission of Zika and Chikungunya Viruses after Emergence in the Fiji Islands, Biology, Virus, MESH: Population Surveillance, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Zika, Phylogenetics, medicine, Seroprevalence, Fiji, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, MESH: Humans, MESH: Seroepidemiologic Studies, lcsh:R, Outbreak, MESH: Chikungunya virus, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Zika Virus, medicine.disease, Virology, dengue, MESH: Male, Pacific, MESH: Viral Envelope Proteins, Chikungunya Fever, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; Zika and chikungunya viruses were first detected in Fiji in 2015. Examining surveillance and phylogenetic and serologic data, we found evidence of low-level transmission of Zika and chikungunya viruses during 2013-2017, in contrast to the major outbreaks caused by closely related virus strains in other Pacific Island countries.
Published: 2019

8. Epidemiologic History and Genetic Diversity Origins of Chikungunya and Dengue Viruses, Paraguay

Author: Julien Thézé, Shirley Villalba, Juan Torales, Sandra Irala, María Liz Gamarra, Marta Giovanetti, Jairo Andres Mendez Rico, Andrea Gómez, Cynthia Vazquez, Tulio de Oliveira, Ingra Morales Claro, Vasco Azevedo, Fernanda de Bruycker-Nogueira, Leticia Franco, Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis, Carlos F. Campelo de Albuquerque, Joilson Xavier, Vagner Fonseca, Marcos Cesar Lima de Mendonça, Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara, Edward C. Holmes, Jaqueline Goes de Jesus, Tiago Gräf, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Partenaires INRAE, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, and University of Oxford [Oxford]
Subjects: Serotype, Epidemiology, viruses, vector-borne infections, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, MESH: Chikungunya Fever, MESH: Dengue, Dengue virus, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Dengue Virus, Dengue fever, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Arboviruses, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chikungunya, MESH: Genetic Variation, MESH: Phylogeny, MESH: Paraguay, Phylogeny, Phylogenetic tree, Zika Virus Infection, virus diseases, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, arboviruses, Medicine, Brazil, Microbiology (medical), 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Zika Virus, Biology, Arbovirus, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, Genetic diversity, chikungunya virus, MESH: Humans, dengue virus, Research, Genetic Variation, Zika Virus, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, medicine.disease, Virology, Epidemiologic History and Genetic Diversity Origins of Chikungunya and Dengue Viruses, Paraguay, genomic surveillance, 13. Climate action, Paraguay, nanopore sequencing, Chikungunya Fever, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Brazil
Abstract: International audience; C hikungunya virus (CHIKV), dengue virus (DENV), and Zika virus (ZIKV) are 3 of the most common arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) that infect humans. All are transmitted by the anthropophilic and urban-adapted Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquito vectors (1). Driven by human movement and climate trends, the distribution of these mosquitoes is expanding along with the arboviruses they transmit (2). In Latin America, CHIKV and ZIKV have emerged since the mid-2000s, joining DENV, which is already endemic there (3). In this region, only Uruguay and Chile did not report autochthonous transmissions of one of these arboviruses during 2014-2019, highlighting the current state of endemicity (4). Paraguay is a landlocked country in the center of South America; it borders Bolivia, Brazil, and Argentina. DENV is endemic to Paraguay, and all 4 serotypes (DENV-1-4) have been detected there; in some seasons, multiple serotypes co-circulate (5,6). Phylogenetic analysis has shown that DENV genetic diversity in Paraguay is closely related to that in neighboring countries, particularly Brazil (7,8). However, more genomic surveillance studies in Paraguay are needed to learn more about this epidemiologic pattern. Cases
Published: 2021

9. Defective viral genomes as therapeutic interfering particles against flavivirus infection in mammalian and mosquito hosts

Author: Rezelj, Veronica V., Carrau, Lucía, Merwaiss, Fernando, Levi, Laura I., Erazo, Diana, Tran, Quang Dinh, Henrion-Lacritick, Annabelle, Gausson, Valérie, Suzuki, Yasutsugu, Shengjuler, Djoshkun, Meyer, Bjoern, Vallet, Thomas, Weger-Lucarelli, James, Bernhauerová, Veronika, Titievsky, Avi, Sharov, Vadim, Pietropaoli, Stefano, Diaz-Salinas, Marco A., Legros, Vincent, Pardigon, Nathalie, Barba-Spaeth, Giovanna, Brodsky, Leonid, Saleh, Maria-Carla, Vignuzzi, Marco, Populations virales et Pathogenèse - Viral Populations and Pathogenesis, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Virus et Interférence ARN - Viruses and RNA Interference, École Doctorale Bio Sorbonne Paris Cité [Paris] (ED BioSPC), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université de Paris (UP), University of Haifa [Haifa], Virologie Structurale - Structural Virology, Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris], This work was funded by the DARPA INTERCEPT program managed by Dr. Jim Gimlett, Dr. Brad Ringiesen, and Dr. Seth Cohen and administered through DARPA Cooperative Agreement #HR0011-17-2-0023 (the content of the information does not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of the U.S. government, and no official endorsement should be inferred). This work also received funding from the Fondation de recherche médicale, FRM EQU201903007777, and the Agence Nationale de Recherche Laboratoire d’Excellence grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Doctorale Bio Sorbonne Paris Cité [Paris] (ED562 - BioSPC), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)
Subjects: Mosquito Control, viruses, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mice, MESH: Genetic Fitness, Aedes, MESH: Chlorocebus aethiops, Chlorocebus aethiops, MESH: Directed Molecular Evolution, MESH: Animals, MESH: Mosquito Control, Zika Virus Infection, Defective Viruses, MESH: Defective Viruses, MESH: Aedes, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, MESH: HEK293 Cells, MESH: RNA, Viral, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, RNA, Viral, Female, MESH: Mosquito Vectors, MESH: Genome, Viral, MESH: Computational Biology, MESH: Antiviral Agents, Science, MESH: Vero Cells, MESH: Zika Virus, Genome, Viral, Mosquito Vectors, Antiviral Agents, Article, Open Reading Frames, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Virology, Animals, Humans, Vero Cells, MESH: Mice, MESH: Humans, Computational Biology, Zika Virus, MESH: Open Reading Frames, Disease Models, Animal, HEK293 Cells, Viral infection, Genetic Fitness, Directed Molecular Evolution, MESH: Disease Models, Animal, MESH: Female
Abstract: Arthropod-borne viruses pose a major threat to global public health. Thus, innovative strategies for their control and prevention are urgently needed. Here, we exploit the natural capacity of viruses to generate defective viral genomes (DVGs) to their detriment. While DVGs have been described for most viruses, identifying which, if any, can be used as therapeutic agents remains a challenge. We present a combined experimental evolution and computational approach to triage DVG sequence space and pinpoint the fittest deletions, using Zika virus as an arbovirus model. This approach identifies fit DVGs that optimally interfere with wild-type virus infection. We show that the most fit DVGs conserve the open reading frame to maintain the translation of the remaining non-structural proteins, a characteristic that is fundamental across the flavivirus genus. Finally, we demonstrate that the high fitness DVG is antiviral in vivo both in the mammalian host and the mosquito vector, reducing transmission in the latter by up to 90%. Our approach establishes the method to interrogate the DVG fitness landscape, and enables the systematic identification of DVGs that show promise as human therapeutics and vector control strategies to mitigate arbovirus transmission and disease., Defective viral genomes (DVGs) can interfere with virus replication and provide a potential approach to control infection. Here, Rezelj et al. use a combined experimental evolution and computational approach to identify DVG sequences that optimally interfere with Zika virus infection and show antiviral activity in mice and mosquitoes.
Published: 2021

10. First probable case of congenital Zika syndrome in Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Author: Souksakhone Viengphouthong, Phommady Vetsaphong, Somphavanh Somlor, Virginie Pommelet, Elodie Calvez, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Paul T. Brey, Thonglakhone Xaybounsou, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Mother and Child Hospital [Vientiane, Laos], Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, The work was supported by the Institut Pasteur du Laos., and We thank the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Mother and Child Hospital in Vientiane capital city for their clinical support. We also thank the Arbovirus and Emerging Viral Diseases Laboratory of the Institut Pasteur du Laos for technical support.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Microcephaly, Probable Case, 030106 microbiology, LAO PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC, education, MESH: Asia, Southeastern, MESH: Zika Virus, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, MESH: Microcephaly, Zika virus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Lao PDR, MESH: Pregnancy, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, medicine, ZikV Infection, MESH: Animals, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, Congenital Zika syndrome, Aedes, MESH: Humans, biology, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Outbreak, MESH: Adult, General Medicine, MESH: Aedes, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, MESH: Male, 3. Good health, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Flavivirus, Infectious Diseases, Geography, MESH: Laos, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; Zika virus (ZIKV) is a Flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, and was responsible for a worldwide outbreak between 2013 and 2016. However, no ZIKV outbreak has been described in Southeast Asia since 2017. In this study, we report the first microcephaly case with probable ZIKV infection during pregnancy in Lao People's Democratic Republic.
Published: 2021

11. Recent African strains of Zika virus display higher transmissibility and fetal pathogenicity than Asian strains

Author: Aubry, Fabien, Jacobs, Sofie, Darmuzey, Maïlis, Lequime, Sebastian, Delang, Leen, Fontaine, Albin, Jupatanakul, Natapong, Miot, Elliott F., Dabo, Stéphanie, Manet, Caroline, Montagutelli, Xavier, Baidaliuk, Artem, Gámbaro, Fabiana, Simon-Lorière, Etienne, Gilsoul, Maxime, Romero-Vivas, Claudia M., Cao-Lormeau, Van-Mai, Jarman, Richard G., Diagne, Cheikh T., Faye, Oumar, Faye, Ousmane, Sall, Amadou A., Neyts, Johan, Nguyen, Laurent, Kaptein, Suzanne J. F., Lambrechts, Louis, Interactions Virus-Insectes - Insect-Virus Interactions (IVI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU Marseille), ANR-16-CE35-0004,MOSQUIBIOTA,Contribution de la diversité bactérienne intestinale à la capacité vectorielle d'Aedes aegypti(2016), ANR-18-CE35-0003,BAKOUMBA,Dissection de la base génétique d'un phénotype naturel de résistance à la dengue chez le moustique Aedes aegypti(2018), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Lequime lab
Subjects: Male, Asia, Viral epidemiology, Science, MESH: Zika Virus, Viral transmission, MESH: Africa, MESH: Virulence, Article, Mice, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Aedes, Animals, Humans, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, MESH: Animals, MESH: Phylogeny, MESH: Mice, Phylogeny, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Humans, Virulence, MESH: Asia, Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Aedes, Zika Virus, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, MESH: Male, Experimental models of disease, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Africa, Female, MESH: Female
Abstract: The global emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) revealed the unprecedented ability for a mosquito-borne virus to cause congenital birth defects. A puzzling aspect of ZIKV emergence is that all human outbreaks and birth defects to date have been exclusively associated with the Asian ZIKV lineage, despite a growing body of laboratory evidence pointing towards higher transmissibility and pathogenicity of the African ZIKV lineage. Whether this apparent paradox reflects the use of relatively old African ZIKV strains in most laboratory studies is unclear. Here, we experimentally compare seven low-passage ZIKV strains representing the recently circulating viral genetic diversity. We find that recent African ZIKV strains display higher transmissibility in mosquitoes and higher lethality in both adult and fetal mice than their Asian counterparts. We emphasize the high epidemic potential of African ZIKV strains and suggest that they could more easily go unnoticed by public health surveillance systems than Asian strains due to their propensity to cause fetal loss rather than birth defects., Here, the authors compare seven low passage Zika virus (ZIKV) strains representing the recently circulating viral genetic diversity of African and Asian strains and find that African ZIKV strains have higher transmissibility in mosquitoes and higher lethality in both adult and fetal mice.
Published: 2021

12. Did Zika virus attenuation or increased virulence lead to the emergence of congenital Zika syndrome?

Author: Louis Lambrechts, Interactions Virus-Insectes - Insect-Virus Interactions (IVI), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Virulence, MESH: Zika Virus, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, MESH: Virulence, Zika virus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Humans, Medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Congenital Zika syndrome, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Humans, biology, Zika Virus Infection, business.industry, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Virology, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Disease emergence, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: The global emergence of Zika revealed the unprecedented ability of a mosquito-borne virus to cause severe congenital abnormalities. Recent studies indicate that the ability to harm fetuses is not a novel feature of Zika virus. Counter-intuitively, it may have in fact recently ‘attenuated’ from killing embryos to causing birth defects.
Published: 2021

13. A microfluidic platform for highly parallel bite by bite profiling of mosquito-borne pathogen transmission

Author: Felix J. H. Hol, Shailabh Kumar, Manu Prakash, Hongquan Li, Jason L. Rasgon, Sujit Pujhari, Clayton Ellington, Haripriya Vaidehi Narayanan, Stanford University, Interactions Virus-Insectes - Insect-Virus Interactions (IVI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire / Center for Research and Interdisciplinarity [Paris, France] (CRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, This project was supported by grants to MP including NIH DP2-AI124336 New Innovator Award and USAID Grand Challenges: Zika and Future Threats Award. Microfluidic chip fabrications were done at Stanford Nano Shared Facilities (SNSF), supported by the National Science Foundation under award ECCS-1542152, at Stanford University and Institut Pasteur’s Biomaterials and Microfluidics core facility. F.J.H.H. was supported by a Rubicon fellowship for the Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research, a Career Award at the Scientific Interface from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund, and a Marie Curie Fellowship from the European Union. S.P. and J.L.R. were supported by NIH Grants R01AI128201, R01AI150251, R01AI116636, USDA Hatch funds (Accession #1010032, Project #PEN04608), and a grant with the Pennsylvania Department of Health using Tobacco Settlement Funds. M.P. is supported by HHMI-Gates faculty scholarship and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Investigator., European Project: 841893,H2020-MSCA-IF-2018,PiQiMosqBite(2019), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Hol, Felix, and Understanding the roles of pathogen infection and sensory cue integration in mosquito blood-feeding beh - PiQiMosqBite - - H2020-MSCA-IF-20182019-10-01 - 2021-11-07 - 841893 - VALID
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Microfluidics, General Physics and Astronomy, Membrane thickness, Zika virus, MESH: Microfluidics, 0302 clinical medicine, Aedes, MESH: Animals, Pathogen, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, Lab-on-a-chip, Transmission (medicine), Zika Virus Infection, High-throughput screening, MESH: Aedes, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Mosquito Vectors, Female, Sample collection, MESH: High-Throughput Screening Assays, Science, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Zika Virus, Mosquito Vectors, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Insect Bites and Stings, parasitic diseases, Animals, MESH: Saliva, Saliva, 030304 developmental biology, Ecological epidemiology, Insect Bites and Stings, General Chemistry, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, Virology, High-Throughput Screening Assays, Biting, Culicidae, MESH: Culicidae, MESH: Female
Abstract: Mosquito bites transmit a number of pathogens via salivary droplets deposited during blood-feeding, resulting in potentially fatal diseases. Little is known about the genomic content of these nanodroplets, including the transmission dynamics of live pathogens. Here we introduce Vectorchip, a low-cost, scalable microfluidic platform enabling high-throughput molecular interrogation of individual mosquito bites. We introduce an ultra-thin PDMS membrane which acts as a biting interface to arrays of micro-wells. Freely-behaving mosquitoes deposit saliva droplets by biting into these micro-wells. By modulating membrane thickness, we observe species-dependent differences in mosquito biting capacity, utilizable for selective sample collection. We demonstrate RT-PCR and focus-forming assays on-chip to detect mosquito DNA, Zika virus RNA, as well as quantify infectious Mayaro virus particles transmitted from single mosquito bites. The Vectorchip presents a promising approach for single-bite-resolution laboratory and field characterization of vector-pathogen communities, and could serve as a powerful early warning sentinel for mosquito-borne diseases., High-throughput molecular surveillance of mosquitoes carrying dangerous pathogens is currently challenging. Here the authors present Vectorchip, a low-cost microfluidic platform enabling multiplexed detection of mosquito DNA, viral RNA and infectious viral particles at single bite resolution.
Published: 2021
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14. Modeling intra-mosquito dynamics of Zika virus and its dose-dependence confirms the low epidemic potential of Aedes albopictus

Author: Lionel Almeras, Albin Fontaine, Sebastian Lequime, Séverine Matheus, Sébastien Briolant, Jean-Sébastien Dehecq, Franck de Laval, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences [Groningen] (GELIFES), University of Groningen [Groningen], Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, KU Leuven (KU Leuven), Agence Régionale de Santé Océan Indien, Agence Régionale de la Santé (ARS), Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre d'épidémiologie et de santé publique des armées [Marseille] (CESPA), Service de Santé des Armées, Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU Marseille), Direction Générale de l’Armement grant no PDH-2-NRBC-2-B-2113Direction Centrale du Service de Santé des Armées grant agreement 2016RC10European Virus Archive goes Global (EVAg, project that has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 653316.)Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek – Vlaanderen (FWO, https://www.fwo.be)., European Project: 653316,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,EVAg(2015), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), GUY, Charlotte, European Virus Archive goes global - EVAg - - H20202015-04-01 - 2019-03-31 - 653316 - VALID, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), and Lequime lab
Subjects: Epidemiology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geographical locations, Zika virus, law.invention, Disease Outbreaks, 0302 clinical medicine, Medical Conditions, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Animals, Biology (General), MESH: Models, Theoretical, 0303 health sciences, Zika Virus Infection, Eukaryota, virus diseases, 3. Good health, Transmission (mechanics), Blood, Medical Microbiology, Viral Pathogens, Viral Vectors, QH301-705.5, Immunology, Viremia, MESH: Zika Virus, MESH: Disease Vectors, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Dose Prediction Methods, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Genetics, Humans, MESH: Saliva, Epidemics, Saliva, Molecular Biology, Microbial Pathogens, MESH: Humans, Flaviviruses, fungi, Organisms, Outbreak, Models, Theoretical, medicine.disease, Virology, Invertebrates, Insect Vectors, Species Interactions, Vector (epidemiology), Parasitology, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, People and places, RNA viruses, Viral Diseases, Physiology, viruses, Disease Vectors, Mosquitoes, law, Aedes, Medicine and Health Sciences, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, biology, Pharmaceutics, MESH: Aedes, Viral Load, Body Fluids, Insects, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Viruses, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Mosquito Vectors, France, Pathogens, Anatomy, MESH: Viral Load, Research Article, Aedes albopictus, Arthropoda, 030231 tropical medicine, Aedes aegypti, Mosquito Vectors, Virus, medicine, Animals, European Union, MESH: Viremia, MESH: Epidemics, 030304 developmental biology, Biology and life sciences, Zika Virus, RC581-607, biology.organism_classification, Zoology, Entomology, Viral Transmission and Infection
Abstract: Originating from African forests, Zika virus (ZIKV) has now emerged worldwide in urbanized areas, mainly transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Although Aedes albopictus can transmit ZIKV experimentally and was suspected to be a ZIKV vector in Central Africa, the potential of this species to sustain virus transmission was yet to be uncovered until the end of 2019, when several autochthonous transmissions of the virus vectored by Ae. albopictus occurred in France. Aside from these few locally acquired ZIKV infections, most territories colonized by Ae. albopictus have been spared so far. The risk level of ZIKV emergence in these areas remains however an open question. To assess Ae. albopictus’ vector potential for ZIKV and identify key virus outbreak predictors, we built a complete framework using the complementary combination of (i) dose-dependent experimental Ae. albopictus exposure to ZIKV followed by time-dependent assessment of infection and systemic infection rates, (ii) modeling of intra-human ZIKV viremia dynamics, and (iii) in silico epidemiological simulations using an Agent-Based Model. The highest risk of transmission occurred during the pre-symptomatic stage of the disease, at the peak of viremia. At this dose, mosquito infection probability was estimated to be 20%, and 21 days were required to reach the median systemic infection rates. Mosquito population origin, either temperate or tropical, had no impact on infection rates or intra-host virus dynamic. Despite these unfavorable characteristics for transmission, Ae. albopictus was still able to trigger and yield large outbreaks in a simulated environment in the presence of sufficiently high mosquito biting rates. Our results reveal a low but existing epidemic potential of Ae. albopictus for ZIKV, that might explain the absence of large scale ZIKV epidemics so far in territories occupied only by Ae. albopictus. They nevertheless support active surveillance and eradication programs in these territories to maintain the risk of emergence to a low level., Author summary Zika virus (ZIKV) has emerged worldwide and triggered large outbreaks in human populations. While the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti is considered the primary vector of ZIKV, the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus has been shown experimentally to transmit the virus and has been involved in a few autochthonous transmission in France in 2019. Here, we provide a comprehensive study on the ability of Ae. albopictus mosquitoes to transmit ZIKV by considering the within-host dynamics of ZIKV infection in humans and its impact on both mosquito infection probability and time to mosquito infectiousness. These empirical data were then leveraged by in silico simulations to embed them into their epidemiological context. Our study reveals a low but existing epidemic potential of Ae. albopictus for ZIKV, whatever their tropical or temperate origins. We identified mosquito density as a predictor for ZIKV outbreak occurrence when vectored by Ae. albopictus. Our findings help to explain the absence of large scale ZIKV epidemics in territories occupied by Ae. albopictus but call for active surveillance and eradication programs to maintain the risk of emergence to a low level.
Published: 2020

15. Enhanced Zika virus susceptibility of globally invasive Aedes aegypti populations

Author: Rosemary Sang, Martin N. Mayanja, Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau, Julius J. Lutwama, Fabien Aubry, Oumar Faye, Veasna Duong, Louis Lambrechts, Sampson Otoo, Isabelle Dusfour, Elliott F. Miot, Joel Lutomiah, John-Paul Mutebi, Alain Kohl, Caroline Manet, Anna B. Crist, Artem Baidaliuk, Xavier Montagutelli, Alongkot Ponlawat, Sarah H. Merkling, Igor Filipović, Christophe Paupy, Claudia M. E. Romero-Vivas, Jewelna Akorli, Noah H. Rose, Cheikh Tidiane Diagne, Anubis Vega-Rúa, Richard G. Jarman, Laura B. Dickson, Ousmane Faye, Davy Jiolle, Victor O. Anyango, Carolyn S. McBride, Gordana Rašić, Daria Martynow, Stéphanie Dabo, Massamba Sylla, Amadou A. Sall, Interactions Virus-Insectes - Insect-Virus Interactions (IVI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique de la souris - Mouse Genetics, Institut Pasteur [Paris], QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Princeton University, Collège doctoral [Sorbonne universités], Sorbonne Université (SU), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Unité Transmission, Réservoir et Diversité des Pathogènes [Pasteur Guadeloupe, France] (TReD-Path), Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Vectopôle Amazonien Emile Abonnenc [Cayenne, Guyane française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI), MRC - University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Unité de Virologie / Virology Unit [Phnom Penh], Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences [Bangkok] (AFRIMS), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD), University of Ghana, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Arbovirus et Virus de Fièvres Hémorragiques [Dakar, Sénégal], Institut Pasteur de Dakar, This work was primarily funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under ZikaPLAN grant agreement no. 734584 (to L.L.). This work was also supported by Agence Nationale de la Recherche (grants ANR-16-CE35-0004-01, ANR-17-ERC2-0016-01, and ANR-18-CE35-0003-01 to L.L.), the French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir program Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID to L.L. and X.M.), the Inception program (Investissement d’Avenir grant ANR-16-CONV-0005 to L.L.), the City of Paris Emergence(s) program in Biomedical Research (to L.L.), the QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (Seed Funding Grant to G.R.), the Programme Opérationnel FEDER-Guadeloupe-Conseil Régional 2014-2020 (grant 2015-FED-192 to A.V.-R.), the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under ZIKALLIANCE grant agreement no. 734548 (to A.V.-R.), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (grant NIDCD R00-DC012069 to C.S.M.), a Helen Hay Whitney Postdoctoral Fellowship (to N.H.R.), the UK Medical Research Council (grant MC_UU_12014/8 to A.K.), and the CDC (J.-P.M.). C.S.M. is a New York Stem Cell Foundation—Robertson Investigator., ANR-16-CE35-0004,MOSQUIBIOTA,Contribution de la diversité bactérienne intestinale à la capacité vectorielle d'Aedes aegypti(2016), ANR-17-ERC2-0016,GxG,Base génétique de la spécificité génotype-génotype dans l'interaction naturelle entre un virus et son insecte vecteur(2017), ANR-18-CE35-0003,BAKOUMBA,Dissection de la base génétique d'un phénotype naturel de résistance à la dengue chez le moustique Aedes aegypti(2018), ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), ANR-16-CONV-0005,INCEPTION,Institut Convergences pour l'étude de l'Emergence des Pathologies au Travers des Individus et des populatiONs(2016), European Project: 734584,ZikaPLAN, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), and Collège Doctoral
Subjects: viruses, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Zoology, Human pathogen, MESH: Zika Virus, Aedes aegypti, MESH: Host Microbial Interactions, Arbovirus, Zika virus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Mice, Inbred C57BL, Out of africa, parasitic diseases, medicine, MESH: Animals, Zoonotic virus, education, MESH: Mice, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, MESH: Humans, biology, fungi, virus diseases, MESH: Aedes, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Vector (epidemiology), MESH: Mosquito Vectors
Abstract: Domesticating Zika virus Why hasn't Zika virus (ZIKV) disease caused as much devastation in Africa, its continent of origin, as it has in the Americas? Outside of Africa, this flavivirus is transmitted by a ubiquitous mosquito subspecies, Aedes aegypti aegypti , which emerged from the African forerunner subspecies A. aegypti formosus and acquired a preference for human blood and a peridomestic lifestyle. Now, this subspecies colonizes many intertropical cities, aided by climate change and human trash. Aubry et al. tested 14 laboratory mosquito colonies for their relative susceptibility to ZIKV. Quantitative trait locus mapping showed differences on chromosome 2 between mosquitoes from Gabon and Guadeloupe. Mouse infection experiments revealed that African mosquitoes transmitted a smaller virus inoculum than the South American insects. Increased susceptibility coupled with the ability of A. aegypti aegypti to breed in any discarded object containing water has amplified the problematic nature of this virus as it has circumnavigated the world. Science , this issue p. 991
Published: 2020

16. Zika Virus Subgenomic Flavivirus RNA Generation Requires Cooperativity between Duplicated RNA Structures That Are Essential for Productive Infection in Human Cells

Author: Maria-Carla Saleh, Sergio Villordo, Maria A. Morales, Cintia Fabri, Horacio M. Pallarés, Annabelle Henrion-Lacritick, Luana de Borba, Fernando Merwaiss, Guadalupe S. Costa Navarro, María Mora González López Ledesma, Andrea V. Gamarnik, Diego Sebastian Ojeda, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Fundación Instituto Leloir [Buenos Aires], Virus et Interférence ARN - Viruses and RNA Interference, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas- ANLIS Carlos Malbrán [Buenos Aires] (INEI), This work was supported by NIH (NIAID) grants R01.AI095175 and PICT-2017-1717, NIH grant PICT-2015-2555 to A.V.G. and the French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir program Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID) to M.C.S., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Untranslated region, RNA Stability, viruses, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Base Sequence, Virus Replication, Genome, Zika virus, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], flavivirus, Aedes, MESH: Chlorocebus aethiops, Chlorocebus aethiops, Flavivirus Infections, MESH: Animals, MESH: Phylogeny, 3' Untranslated Regions, Base Pairing, noncoding RNAs, Phylogeny, Subgenomic mRNA, 0303 health sciences, biology, Zika Virus Infection, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, MESH: RNA Stability, MESH: 3' Untranslated Regions, MESH: Aedes, 3. Good health, Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression, Flavivirus, MESH: Nucleic Acid Conformation, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, MESH: RNA, Viral, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, RNA, Viral, Female, MESH: Genome, Viral, ZIKA VIRUS, MESH: Host Specificity, Immunology, MESH: Base Pairing, MESH: Vero Cells, MESH: Zika Virus, Genome, Viral, Microbiology, Host Specificity, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Virology, Animals, Humans, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], Vero Cells, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Humans, Base Sequence, MESH: Virus Replication, RNA, biology.organism_classification, FLAVIVIRUS, MESH: Cell Line, SFRNAS, sfRNAs, Viral replication, NONCODING RNAS, Insect Science, Nucleic Acid Conformation, MESH: Female
Abstract: Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flavivirus, mainly transmitted by mosquitoes, which represents a global health threat. A common feature of flavivirus-infected cells is the accumulation of viral noncoding subgenomic RNAs by partial degradation of the viral genome, known as sfRNAs, involved in immune evasion and pathogenesis. Although great effort is being made to understand the mechanism by which these sfRNAs function during infection, the picture of how they work is still incomplete. In this study, we developed new genetic tools to dissect the functions of ZIKV RNA structures for viral replication and sfRNA production in mosquito and human hosts. ZIKV infections mostly accumulate two kinds of sfRNAs, sfRNA1 and sfRNA2, by stalling genome degradation upstream of duplicated stem loops (SLI and SLII) of the viral 3= untranslated region (UTR). Although the two SLs share conserved sequences and structures, different functions have been found for ZIKV replication in human and mosquito cells. While both SLs are enhancers for viral infection in human cells, they play opposite roles in the mosquito host. The dissection of determinants for sfRNA formation indicated a strong cooperativity between SLI and SLII, supporting a high-order organization of this region of the 3= UTR. Using recombinant ZIKV with different SLI and SLII arrangements, which produce different types of sfRNAs or lack the ability to generate these molecules, revealed that at least one sfRNA was necessary for efficient infection and transmission in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Importantly, we demonstrate an absolute requirement of sfRNAs for ZIKV propagation in human cells. In this regard, viruses lacking sfRNAs, constructed by deletion of the region containing SLI and SLII, were able to infect human cells but the infection was rapidly cleared by antiviral responses. Our findings are unique for ZIKV, since in previous studies, other flaviviruses with deletions of analogous regions of the genome, including dengue and West Nile viruses, accumulated distinct species of sfRNAs and were infectious in human cells. We conclude that flaviviruses share common strategies for sfRNA generation, but they have evolved mechanisms to produce different kinds of these RNAs to accomplish virus-specific functions. IMPORTANCE Flaviviruses are important emerging and reemerging human pathogens. Understanding the molecular mechanisms for viral replication and evasion of host antiviral responses is relevant to development of control strategies. Flavivirus infections produce viral noncoding RNAs, known as sfRNAs, involved in viral replication and pathogenesis. In this study, we dissected molecular determinants for Zika virus sfRNA generation in the two natural hosts, human cells and mosquitoes. We found that two RNA structures of the viral 3= UTR operate in a cooperative manner to produce two species of sfRNAs and that the deletion of these elements has a profoundly different impact on viral replication in the two hosts. Generation of at least one sfRNA was necessary for efficient Zika virus infection of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Moreover, recombinant viruses with different 3= UTR arrangements revealed an essential role of sfRNAs for productive infection in human cells. In summary, we define molecular requirements for Zika virus sfRNA accumulation and provide new ideas of how flavivirus RNA structures have evolved to succeed in different hosts. Fil: Pallarés, Horacio Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Costa Navarro, Guadalupe Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Villordo, Sergio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Merwaiss, Fernando. Instituto Pasteur; Francia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: de Borba, Luana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: González López Ledesma, María Mora. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Ojeda, Diego Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Henrion Lacritick, Annabelle. Instituto Pasteur; Francia Fil: Morales, Maria A.. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación.Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán"; Argentina Fil: Fabri, Cintia. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación.Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán"; Argentina Fil: Saleh, Maria Carla. Instituto Pasteur; Francia Fil: Gamarnik, Andrea Vanesa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina
Published: 2020

17. Different populations of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Central Africa are susceptible to Zika virus infection

Author: Aurelie P. Yougang, Theodel A. Wilson-Bahun, Marie Vazeille, Armel N. Tedjou, Basile Kamgang, Laurence Mousson, Anna-Bella Failloux, Charles S. Wondji, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases [Yaoundé] (CRID), Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs - Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), University of Yaoundé [Cameroun], University Marien Ngouabi of Brazzaville (umng), Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), This study was primarily supported by the Wellcome Trust Training Fellowship in Public Health and Tropical Medicine (204862/Z/16/Z) awarded to BK. It was partly supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under ZIKAlliance grant agreement no. 734548, and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 731060 (Infravec2, Research Infrastructures for the control of vector-borne diseases, European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), European Project: 731060,INFRAVEC2(2017), European Project: 653316,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,EVAg(2015), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]
Subjects: RNA viruses, 0301 basic medicine, Physiology, Epidemiology, viruses, RC955-962, Geographic Mapping, Disease Vectors, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mosquitoes, Zika virus, Geographical Locations, 0302 clinical medicine, Aedes, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, MESH: Animals, Cameroon, MESH: Geographic Mapping, biology, Zika Virus Infection, Eukaryota, virus diseases, MESH: Aedes, Body Fluids, 3. Good health, Insects, Flavivirus, Blood, Infectious Diseases, qx_510, Medical Microbiology, Viral Pathogens, Viruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, qw_160, Female, MESH: Mosquito Vectors, Disease Susceptibility, Pathogens, Anatomy, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Research Article, Aedes albopictus, Arthropoda, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Disease Susceptibility, wa_395, MESH: Zika Virus, Mosquito Vectors, Aedes aegypti, Aedes Aegypti, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Flaviviridae, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, parasitic diseases, qx_525, Animals, Africa, Central, Saliva, Microbial Pathogens, Biology and life sciences, Flaviviruses, fungi, Organisms, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Outbreak, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, Invertebrates, Virology, Insect Vectors, MESH: Africa, Central, Species Interactions, 030104 developmental biology, Vector (epidemiology), People and Places, Africa, MESH: Female
Abstract: Zika virus (ZIKV) is a Flavivirus (Flaviviridae) transmitted to humans mainly by the bite of an infected Aedes mosquitoes. Aedes aegypti is the primary epidemic vector of ZIKV and Ae. albopictus, the secondary one. However, the epidemiological role of both Aedes species in Central Africa where Ae. albopictus was recently introduced is poorly characterized. Field-collected strains of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus from different ecological settings in Central Africa were experimentally infected with a ZIKV strain isolated in West Africa. Mosquitoes were analysed at 14- and 21-days post-exposure. Both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were able to transmit ZIKV but with higher overall transmission efficiency for Ae. aegypti (57.9%) compared to Ae. albopictus (41.5%). In addition, disseminated infection and transmission rates for both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus varied significantly according to the location where they were sampled from. We conclude that both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus are able to transmit ZIKV and may intervene as active Zika vectors in Central Africa. These findings could contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiological transmission of ZIKV in Central Africa and develop suitable strategy to prevent major ZIKV outbreaks in this region., Author summary Zika virus (ZIKV), isolated for the first time in Uganda in 1947, is transmitted to human beings mainly by the bite of an infected mosquitoes belonging to the Aedes genus notably Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Both Aedes species are present in Central Africa, however their epidemiological role is poorly characterized. Here, we assessed the ability of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus collected in different ecological settings in Central Africa to transmit a ZIKV strain isolated in West Africa. Analysis showed that both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus are able to transmit ZIKV but with higher overall transmission efficiency for Ae. aegypti compared to Ae. albopictus. In addition, disseminated infection and transmission rates for both Aedes species varied significantly according to the sampling location. Overall, our result suggests that in Central Africa, Ae. aegypti is more competent to transmit ZIKV than Ae. albopictus although parameters such as the feeding behaviour, longevity and mosquito densities can modulate pathogens transmission in nature. These findings could contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiological transmission of ZIKV in Central Africa and develop suitable strategy to prevent major ZIKV outbreaks in this region.
Published: 2020

18. 1 year after acute Zika virus infection in men

Author: Jean-Michel Mansuy, Safouane M. Hamdi, Guillaume Joguet, Christophe Pasquier, Louis Bujan, CECOS Groupe d'Activité de Médecine de la Reproduction, [CHU Toulouse], France, Groupe de recherche en fertilité humaine ( GRFH), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Virologie [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB) - Hôpital Purpan, Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Centre Caribéen de Médecine de la Reproduction CECOS CARAIBES (CCMR), and CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe]
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Humans, biology, business.industry, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Spermatozoa, MEDLINE, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, Zika virus, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Body Fluids, MESH: Zika Virus, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medicine, business, Prospective cohort study, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

19. Differentiation-dependent susceptibility of human muscle cells to Zika virus infection

Author: Gillian Butler-Browne, Jim Zoladek, Ingo Riederer, Quentin Giai Gianetto, Philippe Roingeard, Patricia Jeannin, Julien Burlaud-Gaillard, Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi, Mariette Matondo, Valérie Choumet, Thibault Chaze, Vincent Legros, Vincent Mouly, Philippe V. Afonso, Antoine Gessain, Mariela-Natacha Gonzàlez, Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes (EPVO (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_3)), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Morphogénèse et antigénicité du VIH et du virus des Hépatites (MAVIVH - U1259 Inserm - CHRU Tours), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Plateforme IBISA de Microscopie Electronique [CHRU de Tours] (UNIV Tours), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS)-Université de Tours, Spectrométrie de Masse pour la Biologie – Mass Spectrometry for Biology (UTechS MSBio), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Ressources et de Recherche Technologique - Center for Technological Resources and Research (C2RT), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Myologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de recherche en myologie, Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris], This work was supported by a Pasteur-Fiocruz grant. VL was supported by a fellowship from the 'Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale' (FRM), IR and MG by CNPq/Ciências sem Fronteiras program, CNPq/Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM). FOCEM - Mercosur Structural Convergence Fund 03/11. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript., Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes / Oncogenic Virus Epidemiology and Pathophysiology (EPVO (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_3)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Université de Tours (UT), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Matondo, Mariette, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMRS974, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ)
Subjects: Proteomics, Pulmonology, RC955-962, Apoptosis, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Zika virus, 0302 clinical medicine, Medical Conditions, Animal Cells, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, MESH: Proteins, Chikungunya, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Zika Virus Infection, Stem Cells, MESH: Proteomics, 3. Good health, Medical Microbiology, Arboviral Infections, Viral Pathogens, Interferon Type I, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Public aspects of medicine, Cellular Types, MESH: Zika Virus, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Respiratory Disorders, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Humans, Microbial Pathogens, MESH: Humans, Flaviviruses, MESH: Host-Pathogen Interactions, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Chikungunya Infection, Proteins, medicine.disease, Tropical Diseases, Virology, MESH: Cell Line, 030104 developmental biology, Biological Tissue, Interferon type I, Developmental Biology, 0301 basic medicine, RNA viruses, MESH: Cell Death, MESH: Interferon Type I, MESH: Muscle Cells, Viral Diseases, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, medicine.disease_cause, Virus Replication, Dengue fever, Myoblasts, Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral, Medicine and Health Sciences, Morphogenesis, Myocyte, Cytopathic effect, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, Cell Death, Myogenesis, Cell Differentiation, Muscle Differentiation, Infectious Diseases, Cell Processes, Viruses, Host-Pathogen Interactions, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Disease Susceptibility, Stem cell, RA1-1270, Pathogens, Anatomy, medicine.drug, Research Article, Neglected Tropical Diseases, MESH: Cell Differentiation, 030231 tropical medicine, Muscle Tissue, MESH: Disease Susceptibility, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, MESH: Stem Cells, Biology, Cell Line, medicine, MESH: Myoblasts, Muscle Cells, MESH: Virus Replication, Cell Biology, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral, Respiratory Infections
Abstract: Muscle cells are potential targets of many arboviruses, such as Ross River, Dengue, Sindbis, and chikungunya viruses, that may be involved in the physiopathological course of the infection. During the recent outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV), myalgia was one of the most frequently reported symptoms. We investigated the susceptibility of human muscle cells to ZIKV infection. Using an in vitro model of human primary myoblasts that can be differentiated into myotubes, we found that myoblasts can be productively infected by ZIKV. In contrast, myotubes were shown to be resistant to ZIKV infection, suggesting a differentiation-dependent susceptibility. Infection was accompanied by a caspase-independent cytopathic effect, associated with paraptosis-like cytoplasmic vacuolization. Proteomic profiling was performed 24h and 48h post-infection in cells infected with two different isolates. Proteome changes indicate that ZIKV infection induces an upregulation of proteins involved in the activation of the Interferon type I pathway, and a downregulation of protein synthesis. This work constitutes the first observation of primary human muscle cells susceptibility to ZIKV infection, and differentiation-dependent restriction of infection from myoblasts to myotubes. Since myoblasts constitute the reservoir of stem cells involved in reparation/regeneration in muscle tissue, the infection of muscle cells and the viral-induced alterations observed here could have consequences in ZIKV infection pathogenesis., Author summary Muscle cells are potential targets of many arboviruses, such as Ross River, Dengue, Sindbis, and chikungunya viruses, and may be involved in the disease manifestation. During the recent outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV), myalgia was one of the most frequently reported symptoms. We investigated the susceptibility of human muscle cells to ZIKV infection. Using an in vitro model of human muscle stem cells (myoblasts) that can be differentiated into differentiated muscle cells (myotubes), we found that myoblasts can be infected by ZIKV. In contrast, myotubes were shown to be resistant to ZIKV infection. Infection induced the death of infected cells. Protein levels 24h and 48h post-infection indicate that ZIKV infection induces an upregulation of proteins involved in the activation of the Interferon type I pathway, and a downregulation of protein synthesis. This work constitutes the first observation of primary human muscle cells susceptibility to ZIKV infection, muscle stem cells being susceptible while differentiated muscle cells are resistant. Since myoblasts constitute the reservoir of stem cells involved in reparation/regeneration in muscle tissue, the infection of muscle cells and the viral-induced alterations observed here could have consequences during ZIKV infection.
Published: 2020

20. Zika virus in Asia

Author: Veasna Duong, Philippe Dussart, Philippe Buchy, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines [Singapore], and GlaxoSmithKline [Headquarters, London, UK] (GSK)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Asia, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Zika Virus, Aedes aegypti, Biology, Virus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Zika virus, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, 0302 clinical medicine, Aedes, parasitic diseases, ZikV Infection, Animals, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, MESH: Animals, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Humans, Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Asia, Incidence (epidemiology), MESH: Aedes, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Virology, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract: International audience; Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne virus that was first isolated from a sentinel rhesus monkey in the Zika Forest in Uganda in 1947. In Asia, the virus was isolated in Malaysia from Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in 1966, and the first human infections were reported in 1977 in Central Java, Indonesia. In this review, all reported cases of ZIKV infection in Asia as of September 1, 2016 are summarized and some of the hypotheses that could currently explain the apparently low incidence of Zika cases in Asia are explored.
Published: 2017

21. Low Circulation of Zika Virus, Cambodia, 2007–2016

Author: Saraden In, Sowath Ly, Sivuth Ong, Paul F. Horwood, Ugo Mounier, Philippe Buchy, Veasna Duong, Rekol Huy, Borin Peng, Philippe Dussart, Rithea Leang, Arnaud Tarantola, Sreymom Ken, Teyputita Ou, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), National Center of Parasitology (CNM), National Malaria Center [Phnom Penh], GlaxoSmithKline, Glaxo Smith Kline, Our study was funded by Institut Pasteur International Network, Actions Concertées Inter-Pasteuriennes (2014/A15) and the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007/2011) under Grant Agreement 282 378., and European Project: 282378,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2011-single-stage,DENFREE(2012)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Epidemiology, diagnosis, vector-borne infections, lcsh:Medicine, Viral Nonstructural Proteins, Zika virus, MESH: Genotype, flavivirus, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Aedes, Genotype, Prevalence, MESH: Animals, Low Circulation of Zika Virus, Cambodia, 2007–2016, Geography, Medical, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, biology, Zika Virus Infection, Dispatch, virus diseases, MESH: Aedes, 3. Good health, Flavivirus, Infectious Diseases, Population Surveillance, circulation, Cambodia, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, education, MESH: Zika Virus, Aedes aegypti, MESH: Insect Vectors, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, MESH: Population Surveillance, 03 medical and health sciences, Flaviviridae, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Geography, Medical, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, viruses, MESH: Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, MESH: Humans, Public health, MESH: Cambodia, lcsh:R, MESH: Retrospective Studies, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, Virology, infection, Insect Vectors, 030104 developmental biology, Immunology, MESH: Viral Nonstructural Proteins
Abstract: International audience; We describe a retrospective study on circulation of Zika virus in Cambodia during 2007-2016 among patients with dengue-like symptoms and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Our findings suggest that Zika virus in Cambodia belongs to the Asia genotype, is endemic, has low prevalence, and has had low-level impact on public health.
Published: 2017

22. A new multiplex RT-qPCR method for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of Zika and chikungunya viruses

Author: Marie-Alice Fraiture, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Vanessa Suin, Linda Garlant, Jessica Vanhomwegen, Sylvia Broeders, Els Vandermassen, Dominique Rousset, Steven Van Gucht, Nancy H. C. Roosens, Sciensano [Bruxelles], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence - Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (CIBU), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, This work was supported by the project ORIENT-EXPRESS financed by the WIV-ISP(presently named Sciensano, RP-PJ project number 0000754) and partially by the Arbo-VIRTUESS project financed by the Actions Concertées Interpasteuriennes(project number ACIP 2014-053)., and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Identification, viruses, MESH: Chikungunya Fever, medicine.disease_cause, Genome, law.invention, Zika virus, Disease Outbreaks, 0302 clinical medicine, law, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Discrimination, Multiplex, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chikungunya, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, Polymerase chain reaction, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, biology, MESH: Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Zika Virus Infection, virus diseases, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Chikungunya virus, Microbiology (medical), 030106 microbiology, MESH: Zika Virus, Computational biology, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Article, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, TaqMan, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, MESH: Humans, RT-qPCR, Outbreak, MESH: Chikungunya virus, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, Reverse transcriptase, MESH: Sensitivity and Specificity, Chikungunya Fever, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
Abstract: Highlights • Development and in-house validation of a multiplex RT-qPCR method. • Identification and discrimination of Zika and chikungunya viruses. • Specific and sensitive method applicable to real-life samples. • High coverage of arbovirus strains/isolates. • Testing of the method via a new bioinformatics tool on whole genome sequencing data., Objective The re-emergence and spread of tropical viruses to new areas has raised a wave of concern worldwide. In order to treat patients at an early stage and prevent the diffusion of an outbreak, early diagnosis, and therefore fast and adequate detection, is needed. To this end, a multiplex reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction TaqMan method was designed to detect Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses simultaneously. Methods Two methods targeting different genome segments were selected from the literature for each virus. These were adapted for high genome coverage and combined in a four-plex assay that was thoroughly validated in-house. The SCREENED tool was used to evaluate the sequence coverage of the method. Results The full validation approach showed that the new four-plex method allows the specific and sensitive identification and discrimination of ZIKV and CHIKV in routine samples. The combination of two targets per virus allowing almost 100% coverage of about 500 genomes is shown for the first time. Conclusions PCR is a reliable user-friendly technique that can be applied in remote areas. Such multiplex methods enable early and efficient diagnosis, leading to rapid treatment and effective confinement in outbreak cases. They may also serve as an aid for surveillance, and the full validation permits easy method-transfer allowing worldwide harmonization.
Published: 2019

23. Zika virus enhances monocyte adhesion and transmigration favoring viral dissemination to neural cells

Author: Emma Partiot, Nilda Vanesa Ayala-Nunez, Jacky G. Goetz, Gautier Follain, Judith R.E. Roels, Anita Eckly, Béatrice Uring-Lambert, Maxime Chazal, Raphael Gaudin, Gillian Hale, Frank M. J. Jacobs, Sandrine Bourdoulous, Orestis Faklaris, Sherif R. Zaki, Aurélie Hirschler, Nolwenn Jouvenet, Margot Carocci, Florian Bakoa, Sarah Cianférani, Christine Carapito, Frédéric Doussau, Brigid C. Bollweg, François Delalande, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Immuno-Rhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Département Sciences Analytiques et Interactions Ioniques et Biomoléculaires (DSA-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta] (CDC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-Center for Neurosciences, Génomique virale et vaccination, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), BioCampus Montpellier (BCM), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie et pharmacologie des plaquettes sanguines: hémostase, thrombose, transfusion, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work has received funding from the French State via the French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the program Investissements d’avenir (IdEx Université de Strasbourg) to RG. This work was supported by an ATIP-AVENIR starting grant to RG. The research leading to these results has received funding from the People Program (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007–2013) under REA grant agreement no. PCOFUND-GA-2013-609102, through the PRESTIGE program coordinated by Campus France, and from the French Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (ANRS), both attributed to NVAN. Experiments conducted by G.F. and J.G.G. were funded by Plan Cancer (OptoMetaTrap), Ligue contre le Cancer, Idex Attractivités (University of Strasbourg), and by institutional funds from INSERM and University of Strasbourg. G.F. was supported by a doctoral fellowship from Ligue Contre le Cancer. Mass spectrometry experiments were supported by the French Proteomic Infrastructure (ProFI, ANR-10-INBS-08-03). F.B. is a recipient of a PhD grant provided by ANRT (Association Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie). N.J. is funded by Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR-16-CE15-0025-01), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Pasteur. CDC contributions to this paper written and edited by G.L.H. and B.C.B. in their private capacity. No official support or endorsement by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services is intended, nor should be inferred. All authors read, provided feedback, and approved the paper. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The following reagent was obtained through the NIH AIDS Reagent Program, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH: HIV-1 NL4-3 AD8 Infectious Molecular Clone (pNL(AD8)) from Dr. Eric O. Freed (cat# 11346)., ANR-16-CE15-0025,Viro-Storm,Mécanismes de production incontrôlée de cytokines au cours de l'infection virale(2016), European Project: 609102,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-COFUND,PRESTIGE(2014), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), BioCampus (BCM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EFS-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), jouvenet, nolwenn, Mécanismes de production incontrôlée de cytokines au cours de l'infection virale - - Viro-Storm2016 - ANR-16-CE15-0025 - AAPG2016 - VALID, PRES Towards International Gain of Excellence - PRESTIGE - - EC:FP7:PEOPLE2014-09-01 - 2019-08-31 - 609102 - VALID, Equipe Direction scientifique, Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son (STMS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IRCAM-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IRCAM-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Neuro-Immunologie Virale, Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire (LPQM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CentraleSupélec-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan), Biologie et pharmacologie des plaquettes sanguines: hémostase, thrombose, transfusion (http://www.u949.inserm.fr/), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-EFS, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Département des Sciences Analytiques, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg, France (LSMBO-DSA-IPHC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Immunorhumathologie moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Molecular Neuroscience (SILS, FNWI)
Subjects: Central Nervous System, 0301 basic medicine, MESH: Neurons, General Physics and Astronomy, MESH: Organoids, MESH: Monocytes, Monocytes, Zika virus, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration, Cerebellum, MESH: Animals, lcsh:Science, MESH: Embryonic Stem Cells, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Zebrafish, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Neurons, Multidisciplinary, Zika Virus Infection, Cell adhesion molecule, food and beverages, Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Microbiologie et Parasitologie, Phenotype, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Organoids, Mechanisms of disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, MESH: Cell Survival, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Endothelium, Cell Survival, Science, MESH: Zika Virus, Biology, MESH: Endothelium, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Virus, MESH: Cell Adhesion, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, medicine, Animals, Humans, MESH: Central Nervous System, Cellular microbiology, Cell adhesion, MESH: Zebrafish, Embryonic Stem Cells, MESH: Humans, Monocyte, fungi, Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration, Zika Virus, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Embryonic stem cell, MESH: Cerebellum, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Q, MESH: Disease Models, Animal, Cell Adhesion Molecules, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Zika virus (ZIKV) invades and persists in the central nervous system (CNS), causing severe neurological diseases. However the virus journey, from the bloodstream to tissues through a mature endothelium, remains unclear. Here, we show that ZIKV-infected monocytes represent suitable carriers for viral dissemination to the CNS using human primary monocytes, cerebral organoids derived from embryonic stem cells, organotypic mouse cerebellar slices, a xenotypic human-zebrafish model, and human fetus brain samples. We find that ZIKV-exposed monocytes exhibit higher expression of adhesion molecules, and higher abilities to attach onto the vessel wall and transmigrate across endothelia. This phenotype is associated to enhanced monocyte-mediated ZIKV dissemination to neural cells. Together, our data show that ZIKV manipulates the monocyte adhesive properties and enhances monocyte transmigration and viral dissemination to neural cells. Monocyte transmigration may represent an important mechanism required for viral tissue invasion and persistence that could be specifically targeted for therapeutic intervention., Zika virus (ZIKV) can infect the central nervous system, but it is not clear how it reaches the brain. Here, Ayala-Nunez et al. show in ex vivo and in vivo models that ZIKV can hitch a ride in monocytes in a Trojan Horse manner to cross the endothelium and disseminate the virus.
Published: 2019

24. Peripheral Plasma and Semen Cytokine Response to Zika Virus in Humans

Author: Jacques Izopet, Jean-Michel Mansuy, Catherine Mengelle, Hicham El Costa, Jordi Gouilly, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Nabila Jabrane-Ferrat, Christophe Pasquier, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), JABRANE-FERRAT, Nabila, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Laboratoire de Virologie [Toulouse], and Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan ex IFR 30 et IFR 150 (CPTP)
Subjects: Epidemiology, viruses, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, urologic and male genital diseases, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, MESH: Humans Semen / metabolism, Zika virus, 0302 clinical medicine, fluids and secretions, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Blood plasma, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, MESH: Cytokines / blood, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, biology, Zika Virus Infection, semen, 3. Good health, Cytokine response, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, Cytokine, [SDV.IMM.IA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunology, [SDV.IMM.IA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunology, Host-Pathogen Interactions, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Zika Virus Infection / metabolism, Microbiology (medical), endocrine system, 030231 tropical medicine, Viremia, Semen, MESH: Zika Virus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Zika, Immune system, blood, Research Letter, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, [SDV.IMM.II] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, urogenital system, MESH: Zika Virus Infection / virology, lcsh:R, MESH: Cytokines / metabolism, MESH: Host-Pathogen Interactions, RNA, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Peripheral Plasma and Semen Cytokine Response to Zika Virus in Humans, cytokines, inflammation, MESH: Zika Virus Infection / blood, MESH: Biomarkers, Biomarkers
Abstract: International audience; We assessed Zika virus RNA and select cytokine levels in semen, blood, and plasma samples from an infected patient in South America. Viral RNA was detected in semen >2 months after viremia clearance; cytokine profiles differed in semen and plasma. After viremia, Zika virus appears to become compartmentalized in the male reproductive tract.
Published: 2019

25. Differential transmission of Asian and African Zika virus lineages by Aedes aegypti from New Caledonia

Author: Calvez, Elodie, O'Connor, Olivia, Pol, Morgane, Rousset, Dominique, Faye, Oumar, Richard, Vincent, Tarantola, Arnaud, Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Myrielle, O’Connor, Olivia, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, This work was supported by the Actions Concertées Inter Pasteuriennes (ZikAe project, ACIP A-15-2014) and partly by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under ZIKAlliance Grant Agreement no. 734548., We thank Catherine Inizan for participating in ZIKV stock production and for revising the manuscript. We thank Cyrille Goarant for the rabbit blood samples., European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire associé de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane] (CNR), and Arbovirus et Virus de Fièvres Hémorragiques
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Epidemiology, lcsh:QR1-502, lcsh:Microbiology, Disease Outbreaks, Zika virus, Aedes, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Drug Discovery, MESH: Animals, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, Clade, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Phylogenetic tree, biology, Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Asia, General Medicine, MESH: Aedes, 3. Good health, Flavivirus, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, MESH: Mosquito Vectors, Asia, Immunology, MESH: Zika Virus, Mosquito Vectors, Aedes aegypti, Microbiology, Arbovirus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, New Caledonia, Phylogenetics, Virology, medicine, Animals, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, MESH: Humans, Outbreak, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, MESH: New Caledonia, 030104 developmental biology, Parasitology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; Zika virus (ZIKV) is a Flavivirus that is transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes. ZIKV is divided into two phylogenetic lineages, African and Asian. In the Asian lineage, Pacific and American clades have been linked to the recent worldwide outbreak of ZIKV. The aim of this study was to measure the vector competence of Aedes aegypti for seven ZIKV strains belonging to both lineages. We demonstrate that Ae. aegypti from New Caledonia (NC), South Pacific region, is a low-competence vector for Asian ZIKV (37% transmission efficiency after 9 days post-infection) compared to recent ZIKV isolates from African (10% transmission efficiency) and Asian lineages (
Published: 2019

26. A Role for the Insulin Receptor in the Suppression of Dengue Virus and Zika Virus in Wolbachia-Infected Mosquito Cells

Author: Prasad N. Paradkar, Gerard Terradas, Gholamreza Haqshenas, Jean-Bernard Duchemin, Christian Doerig, Elizabeth A. McGraw, Monash University [Clayton], Australian Animal Health Laboratory (AAHL), CSIRO Health and Biosecurity [Australia], Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO)-Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, and The research was supported by the C.D. group and NHMRC project grant APP1103804 (to E.M.).
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, MESH: Receptor, Insulin, mosquito, MESH: Zika Virus, Aedes aegypti, Dengue virus, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Dengue Virus, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Zika virus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Downregulation and upregulation, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, cell signaling, MESH: Animals, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Kinase activity, insulin receptor, Aedes, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, insulin receptor kinase inhibitor, biology, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Receptor, Insulin, 3. Good health, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Insulin receptor, Culicidae, 030104 developmental biology, siRNA, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, biology.protein, MESH: Wolbachia, Wolbachia, MESH: Culicidae, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, antibody microarray
Abstract: International audience; Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes are refractory to super-infection with arthropod-borne pathogens, but the role of host cell signaling proteins in pathogen-blocking mechanisms remains to be elucidated. Here, we use an antibody microarray approach to provide a comprehensive picture of the signaling response of Aedes aegypti-derived cells to Wolbachia. This approach identifies the host cell insulin receptor as being downregulated by the bacterium. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown and treatment with a small-molecule inhibitor of the insulin receptor kinase concur to assign a crucial role for this enzyme in the replication of dengue and Zika viruses in cultured mosquito cells. Finally, we show that the production of Zika virus in Wolbachia-free live mosquitoes is impaired by treatment with the selective inhibitor mimicking Wolbachia infection. This study identifies Wolbachia-mediated downregulation of insulin receptor kinase activity as a mechanism contributing to the blocking of super-infection by arboviruses.
Published: 2019

27. Projecting the end of the Zika virus epidemic in Latin America: a modelling analysis

Author: Eduardo Massad, Laura C. Rodrigues, Rosalind M Eggo, John Edmunds, Thomas Jaenisch, Kamran Khan, Moritz U. G. Kraemer, Patrícia Brasil, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Deepit Bhatia, Oliver J. Brady, Adam J. Kucharski, Rachel Lowe, Sebastian Funk, Philippe Mayaud, Simon Cauchemez, Kathleen M. O’Reilly, Laith Yakob, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Instituto de Salud Global - Institute For Global Health [Barcelona] (ISGlobal), University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Boston Children's Hospital, University of Oxford [Oxford], Umeå University, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas [Rio de Janeiro] (INI), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Fundacao Getulio Vargas [Rio de Janeiro] (FGV), Modélisation mathématique des maladies infectieuses, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was partially supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under ZIKAlliance Grant Agreement no. 734548 and ZikaPLAN Grant Agreement No 734584. RL was funded by a Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowship. AK was funded by a Sir Henry Dale Fellowship jointly funded by the Wellcome Trust and the Royal Society (grant Number 206250/Z/17/Z). OJB was funded by a Sir Henry Wellcome Fellowship funded by the Wellcome Trust (grant number 206471/Z/17/Z). SC was funded by the Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases program (grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), the Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and the AXA Research Fund. MUGK is supported by The Branco Weiss Fellowship - Society in Science, administered by the ETH Zurich and acknowledges funding from a Training Grant from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32HD040128) and the National Library of Medicine of the National Institutes of Health (R01LM010812, R01LM011965)., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), European Project: 734584,ZikaPLAN, University of Oxford, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, lcsh:Medicine, Infektionsmedicin, MESH: World Health Organization, law.invention, Zika virus, 0302 clinical medicine, 610 Medical sciences Medicine, law, MESH: Animals, MESH: Incidence, [MATH]Mathematics [math], MESH: Models, Theoretical, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Connectivity, biology, Mathematical modelling, Zika Virus Infection, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, Latin America and the Caribbean, 3. Good health, Geography, Transmission (mechanics), Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious Medicine, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Epidemic, MESH: Zika Virus, World Health Organization, Disease cluster, Herd immunity, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, medicine, Animals, Humans, Epidemics, education, MESH: Epidemics, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Latin America, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Public health, lcsh:R, Outbreak, Models, Theoretical, biology.organism_classification, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, 030104 developmental biology, Latin America, business, Demography
Abstract: Background Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged in Latin America & the Caribbean (LAC) region in 2013, and has had serious implications for population health in the region. In 2016, the World Health Organization declared the ZIKV outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern following a cluster of associated neurological disorders and neonatal malformations. In 2017, Zika cases declined, but future incidence in LAC remains uncertain due to gaps in our understanding, considerable variation in surveillance and a lack of a comprehensive collation of data from affected countries.Methods Our analysis combines information on confirmed and suspected Zika cases across LAC countries and a spatio-temporal dynamic transmission model for ZIKV infection to determine key transmission parameters and projected incidence in 91 major cities within 35 countries. Seasonality was determined by spatio-temporal estimates of Aedes aegypti vector capacity. We used country and state-level data from 2015 to mid-2017 to infer key model parameters, country-specific disease reporting rates, and the 2018 projected incidence. A 10-fold cross-validation approach was used to validate parameter estimates to out-of-sample epidemic trajectories.Results There was limited transmission in 2015, but in 2016 and 2017 there was sufficient opportunity for wide-spread ZIKV transmission in most cities, resulting in the depletion of susceptible individuals. We predict that the highest number of cases in 2018 within some Brazilian States (Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro), Colombia and French Guiana, but the estimated number of cases were no more than a few hundred. Model estimates of the timing of the peak in incidence were correlated (pConclusions The findings suggest that the ZIKV epidemic is by and large over, with incidence projected to be low in most cities in LAC in 2018. Local low levels of transmission are probable but the estimated rate of infection suggests that most cities have a population with high levels of herd immunity.
Published: 2018

28. Lessons learnt from the emergence of Zika virus

Author: Marc Lecuit, Laurent Nguyen, Biologie des Infections - Biology of Infection, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), GIGA-Neurosciences [Université Liège], GIGA [Université Liège], Université de Liège-Université de Liège, This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under ZIKAlliance Grant Agreement No. 734548 (to L.N. and M.L.). L.N. is senior research associate from F.R.S-F.N.R.S. and his research is also supported by F.R.S.-F.N.R.S. (J.0163.16 and J.0028.18 — CDR), the Fonds Léon Fredericq, the Fondation Médicale Reine Elisabeth, the Fondation Simone et Pierre Clerdent, the Belgian Science Policy (IAP-VII network P7/20), the ARC (ARC11/16-01), and the ERANET Neuron STEM-MCD, M.L. is also funded by Institut Pasteur, Inserm and LabEx IBEID., ANR-15-NEUR-0006,STEM-MCD,Stem cells and mechanisms contributing to human cortical malformations(2015), ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]-Institut des Maladies Génétiques Imagine [Paris], and ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID,IBEID,Laboratoire d'Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases'(2010)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), History, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Immunology, MESH: Zika Virus, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, Zika virus, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Pregnancy, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Aedes, Pregnancy, Emerging infections, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, MESH: Animals, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Humans, biology, Zika Virus Infection, Outbreak, Zika Virus, Cell Biology, MESH: Aedes, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Medical emergency, MESH: Female, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Looking back at how Zika virus emergence was handled during and after the 2015-2016 outbreak will be important for assessing how well multiple relevant stakeholders were integrated to mount a response, and can provide the groundwork to better cope with emerging infections in the future.
Published: 2018

29. Pregnancy Outcomes after ZIKV Infection in French Territories in the Americas

Author: Yoann Madec, Cécile Herrmann-Storck, Arnaud Fontanet, Bruno Hoen, Caroline Callier, Raymond Césaire, Dominique Rousset, Alice Monthieux, Cédric Laouénan, Manon Boullard, Anna L. Funk, Maylis Douine, S. Stegmann-Planchard, Benoit Tressières, Bruno Schaub, Fatiha Najioullah, Jean-Luc Voluménie, Eustase Janky, André Cabié, Gabriel Carles, Kinda Schepers, Samson Yassinguezo, Sylvie Cassadou, Vanessa Ardillon, Philippe Kadhel, Mathieu Nacher, Catherine Ryan, CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe], Centre d'investigation clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Maison de la Femme de la Mère et de l'Enfant [CHU de la Martinique] (MFME [Fort de France]), CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane - UFR des sciences médicales (UAG UFR SM), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Maladies infectieuses et tropicales dans la Caraïbe (MAITC EA 4537), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre Hospitalier Louis Constant Fleming, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Center for Global Health Research and Education - Centre pour la Recherche et la Formation en Santé Mondiale (CGH), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Supported by the French Ministry of Health (Soutien Exceptionnel à la Recherche et à l’Innovation), by a grant (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID) from Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases project, by the ZIKAlliance consortium (the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program), and by INSERM. This study is part of the ZIKAlliance consortium project., We thank the women who participated in this study, all the physicians, midwives, clinical research assistants, health officers, and epidemiologists who helped conduct this study in each of the French territories in the Americas: Myriam Atine, Lyderic Aubert, Marie Barrau, Kebe Beavogui, Christelle Celeste, Joelle Colat-Peyron, Elvire Couchy, Véronique Davidas, Lucetta Delver, Jacqueline Dubois, Stanie Gaete, Dorothée Harrois, Marie-Laure Lalanne-Mistrih, Mathilde Melin, Marie-France Mirane, Francelise Nadessein, Marie-Josée Pelczar, Véronique Plantier, Céline Rocquet, Magdalena Saint-Marc, Patrick Saint-Martin, Valérie Soter, Ingrid Soubdhan, Jennifer Taillefond, Lambo Velonasy, and Véronique Walter (Guadeloupe), Nicole Ambroisine, Gilda Belrose, Alain Blateau, Patricia Blondel, Isabelle Calmont, Valérie Decatrelle, Michèle Gueneret, Eugénie Jolivet, Isabelle Komla-Soukha, Corinne Plavonil, Marie-andrée Pyram, and Jean-Luc Voluménie (Martinique), Antoine Adenis, Audrey Andrieu, Luisiane Carvalho, Sandy Dabrowski, Céline Delorme, Maryvonne Dueymes, Aniza Fahrasmane, Arthur Felix, Hélène Hilderal, Anne Jolivet, Justine Krajewsky, Véronique Lambert, Thomas Lemaitre, Myriam Livain, Jérémie Pasquier, Marion Petit-Sinturel, Céline Pomar, Léo Pomar, and Stéphanie Rogier (French Guiana), and David Baud (University of Lausanne, Switzerland) and Rebecca Grant (Institut Pasteur de Paris, France) for their critical review of an earlier version of the manuscript., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), Jonchère, Laurent, Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Université des Antilles (UA)-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microcephaly, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Chromosome Disorders, MESH: Amniotic Fluid, Zika virus, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, MESH: Martinique, ZikV Infection, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Prospective cohort study, Guadeloupe, MESH: Cohort Studies, MESH: Chromosome Disorders, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, Zika Virus Infection, Obstetrics, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy Outcome, Gestational age, MESH: Congenital Abnormalities, General Medicine, Middle Aged, French Guiana, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Fetal Diseases, MESH: Fetal Diseases, MESH: Young Adult, Cohort, Female, Pregnancy Trimesters, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, MESH: Zika Virus, Article, MESH: Microcephaly, Congenital Abnormalities, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, MESH: French Guiana, Humans, MESH: Guadeloupe, Martinique, MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Pregnancy outcomes, MESH: Adolescent, Fetus, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, MESH: Adult, Zika Virus, Amniotic Fluid, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Pregnancy Outcome, Confidence interval, 030104 developmental biology, business, MESH: Female, MESH: Pregnancy Trimesters
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND:The risk of congenital neurologic defects related to Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has ranged from 6 to 42% in various reports. The aim of this study was to estimate this risk among pregnant women with symptomatic ZIKV infection in French territories in the Americas.METHODS:From March 2016 through November 2016, we enrolled in this prospective cohort study pregnant women with symptomatic ZIKV infection that was confirmed by polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assay. The analysis included all data collected up to April 27, 2017, the date of the last delivery in the cohort.RESULTS:Among the 555 fetuses and infants in the 546 pregnancies included in the analysis, 28 (5.0%) were not carried to term or were stillborn, and 527 were born alive. Neurologic and ocular defects possibly associated with ZIKV infection were seen in 39 fetuses and infants (7.0%; 95% confidence interval, 5.0 to 9.5); of these, 10 were not carried to term because of termination of pregnancy for medical reasons, 1 was stillborn, and 28 were live-born. Microcephaly (defined as head circumference more than 2 SD below the mean for sex and gestational age) was detected in 32 fetuses and infants (5.8%), of whom 9 (1.6%) had severe microcephaly (more than 3 SD below the mean). Neurologic and ocular defects were more common when ZIKV infection occurred during the first trimester (24 of 189 fetuses and infants [12.7%]) than when it occurred during the second trimester (9 of 252 [3.6%]) or third trimester (6 of 114 [5.3%]) (P=0.001).CONCLUSIONS:Among pregnant women with symptomatic, PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection, birth defects possibly associated with ZIKV infection were present in 7% of fetuses and infants. Defects occurred more frequently in fetuses and infants whose mothers had been infected early in pregnancy. Longer-term follow-up of infants is required to assess any manifestations not detected at birth. (Funded by the French Ministry of Health and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02916732 .).
Published: 2018

30. Immune Responses to Dengue and Zika Viruses—Guidance for T Cell Vaccine Development

Author: Félix G Delgado, Anavaj Sakuntabhai, Etienne Simon-Loriere, Claude Roth, Delgado Tiria, Felix Giovanni [0000-0001-6685-7507], Génétique fonctionnelle des maladies infectieuses - Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Universidad El Bosque [Bogota], ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), European Project: 282378,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2011-single-stage,DENFREE(2012), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Vacunas, T-Lymphocytes, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, viruses, lcsh:Medicine, Review, MESH: Dengue, Adaptive Immunity, Dengue virus, Antibodies, Viral, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Dengue Virus, Zika virus, Dengue fever, MESH: Antibodies, Neutralizing, Dengue, MESH: Cross Reactions, 0302 clinical medicine, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Vaccines, biology, Zika Virus Infection, Vaccination, Acquired immune system, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], T cell epitopes, 3. Good health, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, T-cell vaccine, Virus zika, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Zika Virus, Cross Reactions, Serogroup, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Immunity, medicine, Virus del dengue, Humans, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, MESH: Humans, MESH: Seroepidemiologic Studies, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], dengue virus, business.industry, lcsh:R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, MESH: Serogroup, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Vaccine efficacy, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, vaccination, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Virology, MESH: Vaccines, 030104 developmental biology, MESH: T-Lymphocytes, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], business, Inmunidad celular, MESH: Adaptive Immunity, MESH: Antibodies, Viral
Abstract: International audience; Despite numerous efforts to identify the molecular and cellular effectors of the adaptive immunity that induce a long-lasting immunity against dengue or Zika virus infection, the specific mechanisms underlying such protective immunity remain largely unknown. One of the major challenges lies in the high level of dengue virus (DENV) seroprevalence in areas where Zika virus (ZIKV) is circulating. In the context of such a pre-existing DENV immunity that can exacerbate ZIKV infection and disease, and given the lack of appropriate treatment for ZIKV infection, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient vaccine against DENV and ZIKV. Notably, whereas several ZIKV vaccine candidates are currently in clinical trials, all these vaccine candidates have been designed to induce neutralizing antibodies as the primary mechanism of immune protection. Given the difficulty to elicit simultaneously high levels of neutralizing antibodies against the different DENV serotypes, and the potential impact of pre-existing subneutralizing antibodies induced upon DENV infection or vaccination on ZIKV infection and disease, additional or alternative strategies to enhance vaccine efficacy, through T cell immunity, are now being considered. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries about cross-reactive B and T cell responses against DENV and ZIKV and propose guidelines for the development of safe and efficient T cell vaccines targeting both viruses.
Published: 2018

31. Combination of ELISA screening and seroneutralisation tests to expedite Zika virus seroprevalence studies

Author: Christophe N. Peyrefitte, Audrey Dubot-Pérès, Paola Mariela Saba Villarroel, Xavier de Lamballerie, Laetitia Ninove, Yelin Roca, Stéphane Priet, Elif Nurtop, Gilda Grard, Bouba Gake, Pierre Gallian, Jan Felix Drexler, Boris Pastorino, Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Tropicales [Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia] (CENETROP), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA), Etablissement Français du Sang - Alpes-Méditerranée (EFS - Alpes-Méditerranée), Etablissement Français du Sang, This work was partially supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under ZIKAlliance Grant Agreement no. 734548 and the European Virus Archive EVAg, European Union- Horizon 2020 programme under grant agreement no. 653316., European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), European Project: 653316,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,EVAg(2015), Dubois Frid, Caroline, A global alliance for Zika virus control and prevention - ZIKAlliance - 2016-10-01 - 2019-09-30 - 734548 - VALID, and European Virus Archive goes global - EVAg - - H20202015-04-01 - 2019-03-31 - 653316 - VALID
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, viruses, Antibodies, Viral, Zika virus, Dengue fever, MESH: Antibodies, Neutralizing, Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral, Seroepidemiologic Studies, MESH: Martinique, Combination strategy, Mass Screening, Cytopathic effect, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Immunoglobulin G, education.field_of_study, Microscopy, biology, Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Neutralization Tests, MESH: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Microscopy, Population, Virus Neutralization, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, MESH: Zika Virus, Sensitivity and Specificity, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Neutralization Tests, Virology, medicine, Seroprevalence, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Martinique, Serologic Tests, MESH: Mass Screening, education, Igg elisa, Seroepidemiology, MESH: Seroepidemiologic Studies, MESH: Humans, MESH: Serologic Tests, Correction, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, MESH: Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral, Antibodies, Neutralizing, MESH: Sensitivity and Specificity, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Immunoglobulin G, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Virus neutralization test, MESH: Antibodies, Viral
Abstract: International audience; Here we propose a strategy allowing implementing efficient and practicable large-scale seroepidemiological studies for Zika Virus (ZIKV). It combines screening by a commercial NS1 protein-based Zika IgG ELISA, and confirmation by a cytopathic effect-based virus neutralization test (CPE-based VNT). In post-epidemic samples from Martinique Island blood donors (a population with a dengue seroprevalence above 90%), this strategy allowed reaching specificity and sensitivity values over 98%. The CPE-based VNT consists of recording CPE directly under the optical microscope, which is easy to identify with ZIKV strain H/PF/2013 at day 5 pi. Overall, considered that CPE-based VNT is cost effective and widely automatable, the NS1 protein-based Zika IgG ELISA+CPE-based VNT combination strategy represents a convenient tool to expedite ZIKV seroprevalence studies.
Published: 2018

32. Current challenges and implications for dengue, chikungunya and Zika seroprevalence studies worldwide: A scoping review

Author: Antoine Adde, Claude Flamand, Dominique Rousset, Maria D. Van Kerkhove, Mirdad Kazanji, Camille Fritzell, Unité d'Epidémiologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Département de Santé Globale - Department Global Health, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), This study was supported by the 2014–2020 European Regional Development Fund under EPI-ARBO grant agreement (GY0008695). Camille Fritzell acknowledges funding from Calmette and Yersin allocated by the Pasteur Institut Department of International Affairs. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript., Institut Pasteur [Paris], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Entomologie médicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Laboratoire de Retrovirologie, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology [London] (DIDE), and Imperial College London
Subjects: RNA viruses, Viral Diseases, MESH: Chikungunya Fever, MESH: Dengue, Dengue virus, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Antibodies, Viral, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Dengue Virus, Dengue fever, Zika virus, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, Seroepidemiologic Studies, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Sciences, MESH: Animals, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chikungunya, Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Chikungunya Virus, biology, Zika Virus Infection, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, 3. Good health, Serology, Infectious Diseases, Geography, Medical Microbiology, Arboviral Infections, Viral Pathogens, Viruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Pathogens, Research Article, Neglected Tropical Diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, Alphaviruses, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, MESH: Zika Virus, Research and Analysis Methods, Microbiology, Togaviruses, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Environmental health, medicine, Animals, Humans, Seroprevalence, Immunoassays, education, Microbial Pathogens, MESH: Humans, MESH: Seroepidemiologic Studies, Biology and life sciences, Flaviviruses, Organisms, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Chikungunya Infection, lcsh:RA1-1270, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, MESH: Chikungunya virus, Zika Virus, Dengue Virus, Tropical Diseases, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Immunologic Techniques, Chikungunya Fever, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Arboviruses, MESH: Antibodies, Viral
Abstract: Background Arboviral infections are a public health concern and an escalating problem worldwide. Estimating the burden of these diseases represents a major challenge that is complicated by the large number of unapparent infections, especially those of dengue fever. Serological surveys are thus required to identify the distribution of these diseases and measure their impact. Therefore, we undertook a scoping review of the literature to describe and summarize epidemiological practices, findings and insights related to seroprevalence studies of dengue, chikungunya and Zika virus, which have rapidly expanded across the globe in recent years. Methodology/Principal findings Relevant studies were retrieved through a literature search of MEDLINE, WHOLIS, Lilacs, SciELO and Scopus (2000 to 2018). In total, 1389 publications were identified. Studies addressing the seroprevalence of dengue, chikungunya and/or Zika written in English or French and meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. In total, 147 studies were included, from which 185 data points were retrieved, as some studies used several different samples. Most of the studies were exclusively conducted on dengue (66.5%), but 16% were exclusively conducted on chikungunya, and 7 were exclusively conducted on Zika; the remainder were conducted on multiple arboviruses. A wide range of designs were applied, but most studies were conducted in the general population (39%) and in households (41%). Although several assays were used, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were the predominant test used (77%). The temporal distribution of chikungunya studies followed the virus during its rapid expansion since 2004. The results revealed heterogeneity of arboviruses seroprevalence between continents and within a given country for dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses, ranging from 0 to 100%, 76% and 73% respectively. Conclusions/Significance Serological surveys provide the most direct measurement for defining the immunity landscape for infectious diseases, but the methodology remains difficult to implement. Overall, dengue, chikungunya and Zika serosurveys followed the expansion of these arboviruses, but there remain gaps in their geographic distribution. This review addresses the challenges for researchers regarding study design biases. Moreover, the development of reliable, rapid and affordable diagnosis tools represents a significant issue concerning the ability of seroprevalence surveys to differentiate infections when multiple viruses co-circulate., Author summary Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are among the most important of the emerging infectious disease public health problems facing the world. The actual impact of arboviruses worldwide remains unknown, and estimating the true burden of these diseases represents a current challenge. Serological surveys are the most reliable tool for estimating the impact of arboviruses outbreaks in a given territory, and the results of such surveys have implications for potential mitigation measures such as vaccination. We undertook a thorough review of the literature produced from 2000 to March 15, 2018, addressing the seroprevalence of dengue, chikungunya and/or Zika to describe and summarize methodological approaches and map the geographical distribution of seroprevalence studies for these three viruses worldwide. A total of 185 studies addressing the seroprevalence of dengue, chikungunya and/or Zika were included in the review. Most of the studies were exclusively conducted on dengue (66.5%), but 16% were exclusively conducted on chikungunya, and 7 studies were exclusively conducted on Zika; the remainder were conducted on multiple arboviruses. Our study reveals that a wide range of methodological designs were applied regarding population, recruitment and/or laboratory testing. This study also highlights the high seroprevalence heterogeneity between continents and within a given country for dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses. The results underscore existing gaps in seroprevalence studies distribution worldwide and the need to develop the most sensitive and specific diagnosis tool to provide recommendations for future serological studies.
Published: 2018

33. Molecular Characterization of Three Zika Flaviviruses Obtained from Sylvatic Mosquitoes in the Central African Republic

Author: Basile Kamgang, Nicolas Berthet, Benjamin Selekon, Antoine Gessain, Stéphane Descorps-Declère, Emmanuel Nakouné, Mirdad Kazanji, Jean-Claude Manuguerra, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes (EPVO (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_3)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bioanalyse génomique (Plate-Forme), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence - Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (CIBU), and This study was supported by the Programme Transversal de Recherche CEVACAR No. 385 financed by the Institut Pasteur (Paris, France).
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Molecular Sequence Data, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, MESH: Zika Virus, MESH: Amino Acid Sequence, MESH: Insect Vectors, MESH: Base Sequence, Microbiology, Genome, Homology (biology), Zika virus, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Aedes, Virology, Animals, Aedes africanus, MESH: Animals, Amino Acid Sequence, MESH: Phylogeny, Peptide sequence, Phylogeny, Genetics, Central Africa, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, Base Sequence, Phylogenetic tree, biology, Zika Virus Infection, ved/biology, Nucleic acid sequence, Central africa, MESH: Aedes, biology.organism_classification, Insect Vectors, Central African Republic, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Central African Republic, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Aedes opok, Genomic characterization
Abstract: International audience; Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging pathogen belonging to the Spondweni serocomplex within the genus Flavivirus. It has been isolated from several mosquito species. Two lineages of ZIKV have been defined by polyprotein homology. Using high-throughput sequencing, we obtained and characterized three complete genomes of ZIKV isolated between 1976 and 1980 in the Central African Republic. The three viruses were isolated from two species of mosquito, Aedes africanus and Ae. opok. Two sequences from Ae. africanus had 99.9% nucleotide sequence identity and 100% amino acid identity, whereas the complete genome obtained from Ae. opok had 98.3% nucleotide identity and 99.4% amino acid identity with the other two genomes. Phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequence of the polyprotein showed that the three ZIKV strains clustered together but diverged from all other ZIKV strains. Our molecular data suggest that a different subtype of West African ZIKV strains circulated in Aedes species in Central Africa.
Published: 2014

34. The proportion of asymptomatic infections and spectrum of disease among pregnant women infected by Zika virus: systematic monitoring in French Guiana, 2016

Author: Anne Favre, Claude Flamand, Magalie Demar, Antoine Enfissi, Simon Cauchemez, Mirdad Kazanji, Gabriel Carles, Camille Fritzell, Maryvonne Dueymes, Antoine Adde, Séverine Matheus, Dominique Rousset, Unité d'Epidémiologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Modélisation mathématique des maladies infectieuses, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Simon CAUCHEMEZ acknowledges funding from the European Union ZikAlliance program, LABEX-IBEID, the NIGMS MIDAS initiative, AXA Research Fund, Association Robert Debré, the EU- PREDEMICS., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Matillon, Mirlène, Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID, and A global alliance for Zika virus control and prevention - ZIKAlliance - 2016-10-01 - 2019-09-30 - 734548 - VALID
Subjects: Pediatrics, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Zika virus, Disease Outbreaks, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Epidemiology, Medicine, MESH: Communicable Diseases, Emerging, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, biology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, 3. Good health, French Guiana, Population Surveillance, MESH: RNA, Viral, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Microcephaly, RNA, Viral, Female, epidemiology, medicine.symptom, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Context (language use), Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, MESH: Zika Virus, Asymptomatic, MESH: Microcephaly, MESH: Population Surveillance, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Virology, MESH: French Guiana, Humans, MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Risk factor, education, MESH: Humans, outbreak, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, MESH: Adult, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Relative risk, Immunology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH: Female, pregnant women
Abstract: International audience; Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with complications during pregnancy. Although the presence of symptoms might be a risk factor for complication, the proportion of ZIKV-infected pregnant women with symptoms remains unknown. Following the emergence of ZIKV in French Guiana, all pregnancies in the territory were monitored by RT-PCR and/or detection of ZIKV antibodies. Follow-up data collected during pregnancy monitoring interviews were analysed from 1 February to 1 June 2016. We enrolled 3,050 pregnant women aged 14-48 years and 573 (19%) had laboratory-confirmed ZIKV infection. Rash, arthralgia, myalgia and conjunctival hyperaemia were more frequently observed in ZIKV-positive women; 23% of them (95% confidence interval (CI): 20-27) had at least one symptom compatible with ZIKV infection. Women 30 years and older were significantly more likely to have symptoms than younger women (28% vs 20%). The proportion of symptomatic infections varied from 17% in the remote interior to 35% in the urbanised population near the coast (adjusted risk ratio: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.4-1.9.). These estimates put findings on cohorts of symptomatic ZIKV-positive pregnant women into the wider context of an epidemic with mainly asymptomatic infections. The proportion of symptomatic ZIKV infections appears to vary substantially between populations.
Published: 2017

35. Risk of bias and confounding of observational studies of Zika virus infection: A scoping review of research protocols

Author: Francisco Becerra-Posada, Mariona Pinart, Carlos E. Pinzón-Flores, Michelle M. Haby, Ludovic Reveiz, Vanessa Elias, Maria D. Van Kerkhove, Sylvain Aldighieri, Emma Marie Smith, Nathalie Broutet, Ruth Aralí Martínez-Vega, Pan American Health Organization [Washington] (PAHO), Universidad de Sonora (USON), Universidad Industrial de Santander [Bucaramanga] (UIS), University of La Sabana = Universitad de la Sabana, Yale School of Public Health (YSPH), University of Nottingham, UK (UON), World Health Organisation (WHO), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Center for Global Health Research and Education - Centre pour la Recherche et la Formation en Santé Mondiale (CGH), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), The author(s) received no specific funding for this work., We thank Jairo Mendez from the Pan American Health organization for comments on the final versions of this manuscript. We also thank all researchers that shared their research protocols., Universitad de la Sabana, and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)
Subjects: RNA viruses, Pulmonology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Autoimmune diseases, Maternal Health, lcsh:Medicine, Guillain-Barre syndrome, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Clinical immunology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, MESH: World Health Organization, Zika virus, Disease Outbreaks, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Pregnancy, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Sciences, Morphogenesis, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, lcsh:Science, MESH: Cohort Studies, media_common, Multidisciplinary, biology, Zika Virus Infection, Confounding, Obstetrics and Gynecology, MESH: Case-Control Studies, Virus, 3. Good health, Medical Microbiology, Research Design, Viral Pathogens, Viruses, Observational Studies, Microcephaly, Female, Public Health, Pathogens, Infection, MESH: Public Health, Cohort study, Research Article, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Immunology, MEDLINE, MESH: Zika Virus, World Health Organization, Research and Analysis Methods, Microbiology, MESH: Microcephaly, 03 medical and health sciences, Zika, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Environmental health, Congenital Disorders, Humans, MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Birth Defects, Microbial Pathogens, Selection bias, MESH: Guillain-Barre Syndrome, MESH: Humans, Biology and life sciences, Flaviviruses, business.industry, Public health, lcsh:R, Organisms, Correction, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, Case-Control Studies, Clinical medicine, Respiratory Infections, Women's Health, Observational study, lcsh:Q, business, MESH: Female, Developmental Biology
Abstract: 17 p., Given the severity and impact of the current Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in the Americas, numerous countries have rushed to develop research studies to assess ZIKV and its potential health consequences. In an effort to ensure that studies are comprehensive, both internally and externally valid, and with reliable results, the World Health Organization, the Pan American Health Organization, Institut Pasteur, the networks of Fiocruz, the Consortia for the Standardization of Influenza Seroepidemiology (CONSISE) and the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) have generated six standardized clinical and epidemiological research protocols and questionnaires to address key public health questions on ZIKV. Methods We conducted a systematic search of ongoing study protocols related to ZIKV research. We analyzed the content of protocols of 32 cohort studies and 13 case control studies for systematic bias that could produce erroneous results. Additionally we aimed to characterize the risks of bias and confounding in observational studies related to ZIKV and to propose ways to minimize them, including the use of six newly standardized research protocols. Results Observational studies of ZIKV face an array of challenges, including measurement of exposure and outcomes (microcephaly and Guillain-Barre´ Syndrome). Potential confounders need to be measured where known and controlled for in the analysis. Selection bias due tonon-random selection is a significant issue, particularly in the case-control design, and losses to follow-up is equally important for the cohort design. Conclusion Observational research seeking to answer key questions on the ZIKV should consider these restrictions and take precautions to minimize bias in an effort to provide reliable and valid results. Utilization of the standardized research protocols developed by the WHO, PAHO, Institut Pasteur, and CONSISE will harmonize the key methodological aspects of each study design to minimize bias at different stages of the study. Biases need to be considered by researchers implementing the standardized protocols as well as by users of observational epidemiological studies of ZIKV.
Published: 2017

36. Zika virus induces massive cytoplasmic vacuolization and paraptosis‐like death in infected cells

Author: Pierre Génin, Nicoletta Casartelli, Laurent Meertens, Julien Burlaud-Gaillard, Olivier Schwartz, Laura Sinigaglia, Etienne Simon-Loriere, Alex A. Compton, Nicolas Roy, Caroline Demangel, Philippe Roingeard, Nolwenn Jouvenet, Timothée Bruel, Ali Amara, Sonia Amraoui, Françoise Porrot, Arnaud Moris, Blandine Monel, Florence Guivel-Benhassine, Robert Weil, Virus et Immunité - Virus and immunity (CNRS-UMR3569), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plateforme IBISA de Microscopie Electronique [CHRU de Tours] (UNIV Tours), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Université de Tours (UT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Signalisation et Pathogénèse, Pathologie cellulaire : aspects moléculaires et viraux / Pathologie et Virologie Moléculaire, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génomique virale et vaccination, Immunobiologie de l'Infection - Immunobiology of Infection, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génétique fonctionnelle des Maladies infectieuses - Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AC was supported from postdoctoral fellowships from the Pasteur Foundation and ANRS. Work was supported by grants from the 'CHIKV-Viro-Immuno' ANR-14-CE14-0015-01 and 'TIMTAMDEN' ANR-14-CE14-0029 projects, the Labex IBEID program ANR-10-IHUB-0002, the Labex VRI program ANR-10-LABX-77 and Institut Pasteur., We thank members of the Virus & Immunity Unit for discussions. We thank Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau, Institut Louis Malardé (French Polynesia) and Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol (Institut Pasteur Nouvelle Calédonie) for the gift of reagents. We thank Stephane Petres (Institut Pasteur) for preparation of the 4G2 antibody and the Imagopole (Institut Pasteur) for help in image acquisition., ANR-14-CE14-0015,CHIKV-Viro-Immuno,Multiplication et Relation avec l'hôte du virus Chikungunya(2014), ANR-14-CE14-0029,TIMTAMDEN,Rôle des récepteurs TIM et TAM dans l'infection des cellules cibles par le virus de la dengue(2014), ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), ANR-10-LABX-0077,VRI,Initiative for the creation of a Vaccine Research Institute(2010), Virus et Immunité - Virus and immunity, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS)-Université de Tours
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, MESH: Cell Death, MESH: Signal Transduction, Vacuole, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Paraptosis, IFITM, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, 0302 clinical medicine, Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral, Cells, Cultured, Cytopathic effect, ZIKA virus, General Neuroscience, RNA-Binding Proteins, Articles, 3. Good health, Cell biology, cell death, MESH: Epithelial Cells, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Membrane Proteins, MESH: SEC Translocation Channels, Signal Transduction, MESH: Cells, Cultured, Programmed cell death, MESH: Zika Virus, Biology, Virus, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, cytopathic effect, MESH: Vacuoles, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Humans, Molecular Biology, MESH: Humans, General Immunology and Microbiology, MESH: Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Endoplasmic reticulum, Membrane Proteins, Epithelial Cells, Fibroblasts, MESH: Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral, Virology, MESH: Astrocytes, 030104 developmental biology, MESH: RNA-Binding Proteins, Viral replication, Vacuolization, MESH: Fibroblasts, MESH: Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Astrocytes, Vacuoles, paraptosis, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, SEC Translocation Channels, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; The cytopathic effects of Zika virus (ZIKV) are poorly characterized. Innate immunity controls ZIKV infection and disease in most infected patients through mechanisms that remain to be understood. Here, we studied the morphological cellular changes induced by ZIKV and addressed the role of interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITM), a family of broad-spectrum antiviral factors, during viral replication. We report that ZIKV induces massive vacuolization followed by "implosive" cell death in human epithelial cells, primary skin fibroblasts and astrocytes, a phenomenon which is exacerbated when IFITM3 levels are low. It is reminiscent of paraptosis, a caspase-independent, non-apoptotic form of cell death associated with the formation of large cytoplasmic vacuoles. We further show that ZIKV-induced vacuoles are derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and dependent on the PI3K/Akt signaling axis. Inhibiting the Sec61 ER translocon in ZIKV-infected cells blocked vacuole formation and viral production. Our results provide mechanistic insight behind the ZIKV-induced cytopathic effect and indicate that IFITM3, by acting as a gatekeeper for incoming virus, restricts virus takeover of the ER and subsequent cell death.
Published: 2017

37. Substrate selectivity of Dengue and Zika virus NS5 polymerase towards 2′-modified nucleotide analogues

Author: François Ferron, Bruno Canard, Supanee Potisopon, Veronique Fattorini, Barbara Selisko, Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques (AFMB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques ( AFMB ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA )
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 2′-modified NTP analogue, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, NS5, viruses, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Viral Nonstructural Proteins, Dengue virus, [ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, medicine.disease_cause, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, MESH: Dengue Virus, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Substrate Specificity, Zika virus, Dengue fever, [ SDV.BBM.BC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH : Dengue Virus, Elongation complex, [ SDV.BIBS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], MESH : Sofosbuvir, MESH : Viral Nonstructural Proteins, Polymerase, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, biology, MESH : Substrate Specificity, [ SDV.MHEP.ME ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Nucleotides, virus diseases, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], 3. Good health, MESH : Antiviral Agents, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], [ SDV.MHEP.MI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], [ SDV.NEU.NB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, MESH : RNA Replicase, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: RNA Replicase, MESH: Antiviral Agents, Hepatitis C virus, 030106 microbiology, MESH: Zika Virus, Antiviral Agents, [ SDV.MP.VIR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, 03 medical and health sciences, Flaviviridae, Virology, medicine, Humans, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], Pharmacology, [ SDV.IMM.II ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, MESH: Humans, MESH : Humans, [ SDV.BIO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, [ SDV.SP.PHARMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, MESH: Sofosbuvir, MESH : Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, MESH: Nucleotides, 030104 developmental biology, biology.protein, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, MESH : Nucleotides, MESH: Viral Nonstructural Proteins, MESH: Substrate Specificity, Sofosbuvir, Nucleoside, [ SDV.BBM.BS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM]
Abstract: International audience; In targeting the essential viral RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp), nucleotide analogues play a major role in antiviral therapies. In the Flaviviridae family, the hepatitis C virus (HCV) can be eradicated from chronically infected patients using a combination of drugs which generally include the 2'-modified uridine analogue Sofosbuvir, delivered as nucleotide prodrug. Dengue and Zika viruses are emerging flaviviruses whose RdRp is closely related to that of HCV, yet no nucleoside drug has been clinically approved for these acute infections. We have purified dengue and Zika virus full-length NS5, the viral RdRps, and used them to assemble a stable binary complex made of NS5 and virus-specific RNA primer/templates. The complex was used to assess the selectivity of NS5 towards nucleotide analogues bearing modifications at the 2'-position. We show that dengue and Zika virus RdRps exhibit the same discrimination pattern: 2'-O-Me > 2'-C-Me-2'-F > 2'-C-Me nucleoside analogues, unlike HCV RdRp for which the presence of the 2'-F is beneficial rendering the discrimination pattern 2'-O-Me > 2'-C-Me ≥ 2'-C-Me-2'-F. Both 2'-C-Me and 2'-C-Me-2'-F analogues act as non-obligate RNA chain terminators. The dengue and Zika NS5 nucleotide selectivity towards 2'-modified NTPs mirrors potency of the corresponding analogues in infected cell cultures.
Published: 2017

38. Zika Virus Methyltransferase: Structure and Functions for Drug Design Perspectives

Author: Karine Barral, Françoise Debart, Baptiste Martin, Bruno Canard, Jean-Jacques Vasseur, Etienne Decroly, Bruno Coutard, Wahiba Aouadi, Barbara Selisko, Miguel Ortiz Lombardia, Julie Lichière, Jean-Claude Guillemot, Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques (AFMB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Information génomique et structurale (IGS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques ( AFMB ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille ( CRCM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut Paoli-Calmettes-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Information génomique et structurale ( IGS ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] ( IBMM ), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier ( ENSCM ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Models, Molecular, 0301 basic medicine, MESH : Escherichia coli, MESH : Drug Design, Methyltransferase, viruses, MESH : Allosteric Site, MESH: Catalytic Domain, Protein structure function, Viral Nonstructural Proteins, Dengue virus, MESH: Drug Design, Crystallography, X-Ray, medicine.disease_cause, Zika virus, flavivirus, Catalytic Domain, Transferase, MESH: Allosteric Site, MESH : Viral Nonstructural Proteins, MESH : Methyltransferases, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], MESH: Escherichia coli, MESH : Catalytic Domain, MESH : Protein Binding, Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression, MESH : Antiviral Agents, 3. Good health, Flavivirus, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Allosteric Site, MESH: Models, Molecular, Protein Binding, MESH: Antiviral Agents, MESH : Models, Molecular, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, MESH: Zika Virus, Biology, Antiviral Agents, [ SDV.MP.VIR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, MESH: Methyltransferases, Escherichia coli, medicine, MESH : Hydrogen Bonding, MESH: Protein Binding, MESH: Hydrogen Bonding, Binding site, RNA, protein structure-function, Hydrogen Bonding, Methyltransferases, MESH : Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Crystallography, X-Ray, Molecular biology, 030104 developmental biology, Viral replication, RNA processing, Drug Design, Insect Science, MESH: Viral Nonstructural Proteins, methyltransferase, MESH : Crystallography, X-Ray, [ SDV.BBM.BS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM]
Abstract: The Flavivirus Zika virus (ZIKV) is the causal agent of neurological disorders like microcephaly in newborns or Guillain-Barre syndrome. Its NS5 protein embeds a methyltransferase (MTase) domain involved in the formation of the viral mRNA cap. We investigated the structural and functional properties of the ZIKV MTase. We show that the ZIKV MTase can methylate RNA cap structures at the N-7 position of the cap, and at the 2′-O position on the ribose of the first nucleotide, yielding a cap-1 structure. In addition, the ZIKV MTase methylates the ribose 2′-O position of internal adenosines of RNA substrates. The crystal structure of the ZIKV MTase determined at a 2.01-Å resolution reveals a crystallographic homodimer. One chain is bound to the methyl donor ( S -adenosyl- l -methionine [SAM]) and shows a high structural similarity to the dengue virus (DENV) MTase. The second chain lacks SAM and displays conformational changes in the αX α-helix contributing to the SAM and RNA binding. These conformational modifications reveal a possible molecular mechanism of the enzymatic turnover involving a conserved Ser/Arg motif. In the second chain, the SAM binding site accommodates a sulfate close to a glycerol that could serve as a basis for structure-based drug design. In addition, compounds known to inhibit the DENV MTase show similar inhibition potency on the ZIKV MTase. Altogether these results contribute to a better understanding of the ZIKV MTase, a central player in viral replication and host innate immune response, and lay the basis for the development of potential antiviral drugs. IMPORTANCE The Zika virus (ZIKV) is associated with microcephaly in newborns, and other neurological disorders such as Guillain-Barre syndrome. It is urgent to develop antiviral strategies inhibiting the viral replication. The ZIKV NS5 embeds a methyltransferase involved in the viral mRNA capping process, which is essential for viral replication and control of virus detection by innate immune mechanisms. We demonstrate that the ZIKV methyltransferase methylates the mRNA cap and adenosines located in RNA sequences. The structure of ZIKV methyltransferase shows high structural similarities to the dengue virus methyltransferase, but conformational specificities highlight the role of a conserved Ser/Arg motif, which participates in RNA and SAM recognition during the reaction turnover. In addition, the SAM binding site accommodates a sulfate and a glycerol, offering structural information to initiate structure-based drug design. Altogether, these results contribute to a better understanding of the Flavivirus methyltransferases, which are central players in the virus replication.
Published: 2017

39. Dengue virus sero-cross-reactivity drives antibody-dependent enhancement of infection with zika virus

Author: Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau, Alexander Rouvinski, Félix A. Rey, Wiyada Wongwiwat, Giovanna Barba-Spaeth, Piyada Supasa, Anavaj Sakuntabhai, Wanwisa Dejnirattisai, Prida Malasit, Gavin R. Screaton, Thaneeya Duangchinda, Juthathip Mongkolsapaya, Imperial College London, Mahidol University [Bangkok], Virologie Structurale - Structural Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique fonctionnelle des Maladies infectieuses - Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), This work was supported by the Medical Research Council, U.K., the Wellcome Trust (G.R.S.), U.K., the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Funding Scheme, European Commission Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] for the DENFREE project under Grant Agreement n°282 378, and the Thailand Research Fund through the Royal Golden Jubilee PhD (P.S. and J.M.)., European Project: 282378,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2011-single-stage,DENFREE(2012), Medical Research Council (MRC), Commission of the European Communities, Wellcome Trust, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, OUTBREAK, viruses, MESH: Dengue, Dengue virus, medicine.disease_cause, Antibodies, Viral, Virus Replication, MESH: Dengue Virus, Zika virus, Dengue fever, Serology, MESH: Antibodies, Monoclonal, MESH: Antibodies, Neutralizing, Dengue, MESH: Cross Reactions, Viral Envelope Proteins, MESH: Child, Veterinary virology, Immunology and Allergy, BRAIN, Child, Cells, Cultured, biology, Zika Virus Infection, Antibodies, Monoclonal, virus diseases, BRAZIL, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], 3. Good health, Flavivirus, 1107 Immunology, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Microcephaly, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Protein Binding, MESH: Cells, Cultured, Adolescent, Immunology, MESH: Immunodominant Epitopes, MESH: Zika Virus, Cross Reactions, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Virus, Article, MESH: Microcephaly, NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, medicine, Humans, MESH: Protein Binding, Antibody-dependent enhancement, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Antibody-Dependent Enhancement, MESH: Guillain-Barre Syndrome, MESH: Epitope Mapping, Science & Technology, MESH: Humans, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS, Immunodominant Epitopes, MESH: Virus Replication, MESH: Child, Preschool, Zika Virus, MESH: South America, Dengue Virus, South America, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibody-Dependent Enhancement, MESH: Male, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, MESH: Viral Envelope Proteins, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], MESH: Female, Epitope Mapping, MESH: Antibodies, Viral
Abstract: International audience; Zika virus (ZIKV) was discovered in 1947 and was thought to lead to relatively mild disease. The recent explosive outbreak of ZIKV in South America has led to widespread concern, with reports of neurological sequelae ranging from Guillain Barré syndrome to microcephaly. ZIKV infection has occurred in areas previously exposed to dengue virus (DENV), a flavivirus closely related to ZIKV. Here we investigated the serological cross-reaction between the two viruses. Plasma immune to DENV showed substantial cross-reaction to ZIKV and was able to drive antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of ZIKV infection. Using a panel of human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to DENV, we showed that most antibodies that reacted to DENV envelope protein also reacted to ZIKV. Antibodies to linear epitopes, including the immunodominant fusion-loop epitope, were able to bind ZIKV but were unable to neutralize the virus and instead promoted ADE. Our data indicate that immunity to DENV might drive greater ZIKV replication and have clear implications for disease pathogenesis and future vaccine programs for ZIKV and DENV.
Published: 2016

40. Guillain-Barré Syndrome outbreak associated with Zika virus infection in French Polynesia: a case-control study

Author: Claudine Roche, P. Larre, Frédéric Ghawché, Philippe Desprès, Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau, Valérie Choumet, Alexandre Blake, Lucile Musset, Anita Teissier, Jean-Claude Manuguerra, Hugh J. Willison, Jessica Vanhomwegen, Christophe Decam, Susan K. Halstead, Stéphane Lastère, Sandrine Mons, Henri-Pierre Mallet, Didier Musso, Emmanuel Fournier, Anne-Laure Vial, Timothée Dub, Laure Baudouin, Jean Neil, Arnaud Fontanet, Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Centre Hospitalier de Polynésie Française, Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence - Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (CIBU), Direction de la Santé - Bureau de veille sanitaire [Papeete], Service de santé des forces armées [Papeete], University of Glasgow, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IRD-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de La Réunion (UR), Direction de la Santé de la Polynésie Française, Center for Global Health Research and Education - Centre pour la Recherche et la Formation en Santé Mondiale (CGH), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), The study received funding from the French Government's Investissement d'Avenir Programme (Labex Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases, IBEID, grant number ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID) and the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement number 278433-PREDEMICS. The work of SKH and HJW was supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant number 092805)., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), European Project: 278433,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2011-two-stage,PREDEMICS(2011), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IRD-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Choumet, Valérie, Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID, and Preparedness, Prediction and Prevention of Emerging Zoonotic Viruses with Pandemic Potential using Multidisciplinary Approaches - PREDEMICS - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2011-11-01 - 2016-10-31 - 278433 - VALID
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Zika virus disease, Male, viruses, Dengue virus, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Dengue Virus, Zika virus, Disease Outbreaks, immune system diseases, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Zika Virus Infection, Obstetrics and Gynecology, MESH: Polynesia, General Medicine, Middle Aged, MESH: Case-Control Studies, 3. Good health, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Adult, MESH: Severe Dengue, MESH: Zika Virus, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Virus, Polynesia, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Intensive care, medicine, Humans, Severe Dengue, MESH: Guillain-Barre Syndrome, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Case-control study, Outbreak, MESH: Adult, Zika Virus, Dengue Virus, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, MESH: Male, nervous system diseases, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Case-Control Studies, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH: Female
Abstract: Between October, 2013, and April, 2014, French Polynesia experienced the largest Zika virus outbreak ever described at that time. During the same period, an increase in Guillain-Barré syndrome was reported, suggesting a possible association between Zika virus and Guillain-Barré syndrome. We aimed to assess the role of Zika virus and dengue virus infection in developing Guillain-Barré syndrome.In this case-control study, cases were patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome diagnosed at the Centre Hospitalier de Polynésie Française (Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia) during the outbreak period. Controls were age-matched, sex-matched, and residence-matched patients who presented at the hospital with a non-febrile illness (control group 1; n=98) and age-matched patients with acute Zika virus disease and no neurological symptoms (control group 2; n=70). Virological investigations included RT-PCR for Zika virus, and both microsphere immunofluorescent and seroneutralisation assays for Zika virus and dengue virus. Anti-glycolipid reactivity was studied in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome using both ELISA and combinatorial microarrays.42 patients were diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome during the study period. 41 (98%) patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome had anti-Zika virus IgM or IgG, and all (100%) had neutralising antibodies against Zika virus compared with 54 (56%) of 98 in control group 1 (p0.0001). 39 (93%) patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome had Zika virus IgM and 37 (88%) had experienced a transient illness in a median of 6 days (IQR 4-10) before the onset of neurological symptoms, suggesting recent Zika virus infection. Patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome had electrophysiological findings compatible with acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) type, and had rapid evolution of disease (median duration of the installation and plateau phases was 6 [IQR 4-9] and 4 days [3-10], respectively). 12 (29%) patients required respiratory assistance. No patients died. Anti-glycolipid antibody activity was found in 13 (31%) patients, and notably against GA1 in eight (19%) patients, by ELISA and 19 (46%) of 41 by glycoarray at admission. The typical AMAN-associated anti-ganglioside antibodies were rarely present. Past dengue virus history did not differ significantly between patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome and those in the two control groups (95%, 89%, and 83%, respectively).This is the first study providing evidence for Zika virus infection causing Guillain-Barré syndrome. Because Zika virus is spreading rapidly across the Americas, at risk countries need to prepare for adequate intensive care beds capacity to manage patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome.Labex Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases, EU 7th framework program PREDEMICS. and Wellcome Trust.
Published: 2016

41. Infectious Zika viral particles in breastmilk

Author: Emilie Huguon, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Elodie Descloux, Olivia O’Connor, Antoine Biron, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre Hospitalier Territorial, and We acknowledge funding from New Caledonia Government and Institut Pasteur in New Caledonia
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Zika Virus, Dengue virus, medicine.disease_cause, Virus, Zika virus, Dengue fever, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, medicine, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Chikungunya, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, MESH: Puerperal Disorders, Aedes, MESH: Humans, MESH: Milk, Human, biology, business.industry, Yellow fever, MESH: Adult, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, business, MESH: Viral Load, Viral load, MESH: Female
Abstract: Before 2007, no Zika virus outbreak had been recorded, and Zika virus was deemed to cause mild infections. In 2013–14, an outbreak occurred in French Polynesia associated with an increased rate of Guillain-Barre syndrome following Zika infections. Zika virus spread in the Pacifi c region in 2014 and then, in 2015, to Brazil where an association between Zika infection and microcephaly is under investigation. There is a need for better comprehension of this disease. In New Caledonia, in July, 2015, a 27-year-old febrile woman without any associated symptoms presented at hospital (day zero) at 37 weeks’ gestation and naturally delivered a healthy baby (Agpar score 10) who was immediately breastfed. After delivery, the mother was febrile for 2 days, and a maculopapular rash arose which was decreasing on the day of discharge. The mother evolved favourably and clinical examination of the neonate remained normal until discharge. Blood cell count, total protein, and C-reactive protein levels were in the normal range for both mother and neonate. Blood samples from the mother and neonate were collected and tested for Zika virus, dengue virus, and chikungunya virus by RT-qPCR. Breastmilk samples were collected before breastfeeding to avoid possible contamination from the neonate’s saliva. Only the mother’s serum (day three) and breastmilk (day four) were positive for Zika virus by RT-qPCR (35 000 RNA copies per mL in the mother and 850 000 RNA copies per mL in the breastmilk). The only serum from the neonate that was sampled on day three was ambiguous. Breastmilk was inoculated onto Vero cells. Infective viral particles were detected from the breastmilk sample and confirmed by the presence of a cytopathic effect and by RT-qPCR (39 million RNA copies per mL, appendix). Zika virus is transmitted to human beings by mosquitoes (Aedes spp). However, other routes of transmission have been described, such as sexual or perinatal transmission. Here, we report the presence of infective Zika virus particles in breastmilk with substantial viral loads. Arbovirus transmission via breastfeeding has been previously suggested for dengue, West Nile, and yellow fever, but more information is needed. Zika infection in woman during pregnancy or during the perinatal period must be considered very seriously by practitioners.
Published: 2016

42. Improved Immune Responses Against Zika Virus After Sequential Dengue and Zika Virus Infection in Humans

Author: Felix G. Delgado, Anavaj Sakuntabhai, Jaime E. Castellanos, Etienne Simon-Loriere, Claude Roth, Consuelo Romero-Sánchez, Karina I. Torres, Castellanos, Jaime [0000-0003-1596-8383], Romero-Sánchez, Consuelo [0000-0002-6973-7639], Delgado Tiria, Felix Giovanni [0000-0001-6685-7507], Universidad El Bosque [Bogota], Génétique fonctionnelle des maladies infectieuses - Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The research leading to these results has received funding from the 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Disease' Labex (Laboratoire d’excellence) under Grant Agreement number ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID (French Government’s 'Investissements d’Avenir' program), from the European Commission Seventh Framework Program [FP7/20072–013] for the DENFREE project under Grant Agreement no. 282378, and from the Prix Duquesne. F.G.D. is registered in the Ecole Doctorale BioSPC (Université Paris Diderot) and has a PhD grant from the Colombian Department of Sciences, Technology, and Innovation (COLCIENCIAS) through the doctoral scholarship program number 679., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), European Project: 282378,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2011-single-stage,DENFREE(2012), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]
Subjects: cross-reactive T cells, 0301 basic medicine, antibody-dependent-enhancement (ADE), T-Lymphocytes, viruses, lcsh:QR1-502, MESH: Colombia, MESH: Dengue, Adaptive Immunity, Dengue virus, Antibodies, Viral, medicine.disease_cause, lcsh:Microbiology, MESH: Antibodies, Neutralizing, Zika virus, Dengue fever, Dengue, T-Cell Epitopes, 0302 clinical medicine, Epítopos, 0303 health sciences, B-Lymphocytes, biology, Zika Virus Infection, ELISPOT, virus diseases, Cross-reactive T cells, Antígenos, virology, 3. Good health, MESH: Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.IMM.IA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Antibody, Virus zika, MESH: Interferon-gamma, 030231 tropical medicine, T-cell epitopes, MESH: Zika Virus, Immunodominance, Colombia, Article, Interferon-gamma, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Immune system, Immunity, MESH: B-Lymphocytes, Virology, Virus del dengue, medicine, Humans, zika virus, neutralizing antibodies, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Humans, immunodominance, dengue virus, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Antibodies, Neutralizing, MESH: T-Lymphocytes, 030104 developmental biology, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, biology.protein, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Adaptive Immunity, MESH: Antibodies, Viral, 030215 immunology
Abstract: The high levels of dengue-virus (DENV) seroprevalence in areas where the Zika virus (ZIKV) is circulating and the cross-reactivity between these two viruses have raised concerns on the risk of increased ZIKV disease severity for patients with a history of previous DENV infections. To determine the role of DENV preimmunity in ZIKV infection, we analyzed the T- and B-cell responses against ZIKV in donors with or without previous DENV infection. Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from donors living in an endemic area in Colombia, we have identified, by interferon (IFN)-&gamma, enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay, most of the immunodominant ZIKV T-cell epitopes in the nonstructural (NS) proteins NS1, NS3, and NS5. Analyses of the T- and B-cell responses in the same donors revealed a stronger T-cell response against peptides conserved between DENV and ZIKV, with a higher level of ZIKV-neutralizing antibodies in DENV-immune donors in comparison with DENV-na&iuml, ve donors. Strikingly, the potential for antibody-mediated enhancement of ZIKV infection was reduced in donors with sequential DENV and ZIKV infection in comparison with donors with DENV infection only. Altogether, these data suggest that individuals with DENV immunity present improved immune responses against ZIKV.
Published: 2018

43. La dengue et autres infections à flavivirus

Author: Choumet, Valérie, Desprès, Philippe, Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IRD-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de La Réunion (UR), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), and Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IRD-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Fièvre Zika, Vaccin, MESH: Zika Virus, MESH: Dengue, MESH: Global Health, MESH: Insect Vectors, Global Health, Flavivirus Infections, Dengue, MESH: Flavivirus Infections, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Aedes, MESH: Viral Vaccines, Animals, Humans, Zika fever, MESH: Animals, Transmission vectorielle, Arbovirus, Vaccines, MESH: Humans, Zika Virus Infection, Fièvre jaune, Flavivirus, Viral Vaccines, Zika Virus, MESH: Aedes, Vector transmission, Insect Vectors, Virus diagnosis, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Diagnostic viral, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Yellow fever
Abstract: International audience; Flaviviruses are responsible for yellow fever, Zika fever and dengue, all of which are major human diseases found in tropical regions of the globe. They are zoonoses with a transmission cycle that involves primates as reservoirs and mosquitoes of the genus Aedes as vectors. The recent upsurge of urban epidemics of yellow fever, Zika fever and dengue has involved human-to-human transmission with mosquitoes as the vector. This paper is primarily concerned with dengue, which has become the pre-eminent arbovirosis in terms of public health.; Les flavivirus sont responsables de la fièvre jaune, de la fièvre Zika et de la dengue qui sont des maladies humaines majeures retrouvées dans les régions tropicales ceinturant le globe. Ce sont d’abord des zoonoses dont le cycle de transmission fait intervenir des primates comme réservoirs et les moustiques du genre Aedes comme vecteurs. La récente recrudescence des épidémies urbaines de fièvre jaune, de fièvre Zika et de dengue implique une transmission homme-homme via le moustique vecteur. Cet article est consacré essentiellement à la dengue qui est devenue l’arbovirose prééminente en termes de santé publique.
Published: 2015

44. Concurrent outbreaks of dengue, chikungunya and Zika virus infections - an unprecedented epidemic wave of mosquito-borne viruses in the Pacific 2012-2014

Author: Alizé Mercier, Yvan Souares, L Guillaumot, Adam Roth, Christelle Lepers, Sala Elbourne Duituturaga, Damian G Hoy, E Benyon, Pacific community (SPC), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)
Subjects: Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Chikungunya Fever, MESH: Dengue, Dengue virus, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Dengue Virus, MESH: Pacific Islands, Dengue fever, Zika virus, Disease Outbreaks, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, Public health surveillance, Aedes, MESH: Animals, Public Health Surveillance, Chikungunya, MESH: Incidence, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, 0303 health sciences, biology, MESH: Public Health Surveillance, Zika Virus Infection, Incidence, MESH: Aedes, 3. Good health, Population Surveillance, Chikungunya virus, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Zika Virus, Pacific Islands, MESH: Population Surveillance, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Virology, medicine, Animals, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Humans, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Outbreak, MESH: Chikungunya virus, Mosquito-borne viruses, Zika Virus, Dengue Virus, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Chikungunya Fever
Abstract: International audience; Since January 2012, the Pacific Region has experienced 28 new documented outbreaks and circulation of dengue, chikungunya and Zika virus. These mosquito-borne disease epidemics seem to become more frequent and diverse, and it is likely that this is only the early stages of a wave that will continue for several years. Improved surveillance and response measures are needed to mitigate the already heavy burden on island health systems and limit further spread to other parts of the world.
Published: 2014

45. Aedes hensilli as a potential vector of Chikungunya and Zika viruses

Author: Anne Griggs, Jeremy P. Ledermann, Ann M. Powers, Martin Bel, Maria Marfel, Lawrence Yug, Laurent Guillaumot, Tai Ho-Chen, Moses Pretrick, Steven C. Saweyog, Mary Tided, Mark R. Duffy, Paul Machieng, W. Thane Hancock, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Entomologie médicale [Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie] (URE-EM), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Department of Health and Services [Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia], Wa′ab Community Health Center [Colonia, Yap, Federated States of Micronesia], and This study was funded by the United States Government, Dept. of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Chikungunya Fever, MESH: Dengue, medicine.disease_cause, Dengue fever, Zika virus, Disease Outbreaks, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, Aedes, Medicine and Health Sciences, MESH: Animals, Public and Occupational Health, Chikungunya, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, 0303 health sciences, biology, Zika Virus Infection, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, MESH: Aedes, 3. Good health, MESH: Micronesia, Infectious Diseases, Chikungunya virus, Micronesia, Research Article, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Zika Virus, MESH: Insect Vectors, Aedes aegypti, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Species Specificity, Aedes hensilli, medicine, MESH: Species Specificity, Animals, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Humans, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Outbreak, MESH: Chikungunya virus, lcsh:RA1-1270, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Tropical Diseases, Virology, Insect Vectors, Vector (epidemiology), Chikungunya Fever
Abstract: An epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV) illness that occurred in July 2007 on Yap Island in the Federated States of Micronesia prompted entomological studies to identify both the primary vector(s) involved in transmission and the ecological parameters contributing to the outbreak. Larval and pupal surveys were performed to identify the major containers serving as oviposition habitat for the likely vector(s). Adult mosquitoes were also collected by backpack aspiration, light trap, and gravid traps at select sites around the capital city. The predominant species found on the island was Aedes (Stegomyia) hensilli. No virus isolates were obtained from the adult field material collected, nor did any of the immature mosquitoes that were allowed to emerge to adulthood contain viable virus or nucleic acid. Therefore, laboratory studies of the probable vector, Ae. hensilli, were undertaken to determine the likelihood of this species serving as a vector for Zika virus and other arboviruses. Infection rates of up to 86%, 62%, and 20% and dissemination rates of 23%, 80%, and 17% for Zika, chikungunya, and dengue-2 viruses respectively, were found supporting the possibility that this species served as a vector during the Zika outbreak and that it could play a role in transmitting other medically important arboviruses., Author Summary Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) cause significant human morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Zika virus, which is reported to be transmitted by Aedes (Stegomyia) species mosquitoes, caused an outbreak on the island of Yap, in the Federated States of Micronesia in 2007. This was the first described outbreak of Zika in Oceania, which has had several arbovirus outbreaks in the past. Diagnosing the outbreak was difficult due to the similarity in clinical symptoms between disease caused by Zika virus and other viruses. This work describes the efforts to identify the mosquito species that were responsible for transmission of the virus. While no virus was isolated from any species of mosquito collected during the current study, the predominant species found was Aedes hensilli and through the complementary laboratory studies, this mosquito was implicated as a probable vector for Zika virus. In addition, this species was found to be susceptible to both the medically important dengue-2 and chikungunya viruses.
Published: 2014

46. Differential Susceptibilities of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from the Americas to Zika Virus

Author: Daniella Goindin, Marie Vazeille, Anubis Vega-Rúa, Anna-Bella Failloux, Romain Girod, André Yébakima, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Thaís Chouin-Carneiro, Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs - Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Centre de Démoustication, Conseil Général de Martinique, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, This study was funded by the Institut Pasteur, the French Government's Investissement d'Avenir program, Laboratoire d'Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases' (grant n°ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Viral Diseases, Epidemiology, Physiology, Disease Vectors, Mosquitoes, Geographical locations, Zika virus, 0302 clinical medicine, Aedes, Genotype, Medicine and Health Sciences, MESH: Animals, Guadeloupe, education.field_of_study, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Temperature, MESH: Aedes, MESH: Temperature, Body Fluids, 3. Good health, Insects, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Animal Structures, Anatomy, Martinique, Brazil, Research Article, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Aedes albopictus, Arthropoda, lcsh:RC955-962, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, MESH: Zika Virus, MESH: Insect Vectors, Aedes aegypti, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Humidity, parasitic diseases, MESH: Americas, Animals, MESH: Saliva, Saliva, education, Caribbean, fungi, Organisms, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Biology and Life Sciences, Chikungunya Infection, Animal Structures, Outbreak, lcsh:RA1-1270, Humidity, Zika Virus, South America, biology.organism_classification, Invertebrates, Virology, United States, Insect Vectors, 030104 developmental biology, Vector (epidemiology), North America, People and places, Americas
Abstract: Background Since the major outbreak in 2007 in the Yap Island, Zika virus (ZIKV) causing dengue-like syndromes has affected multiple islands of the South Pacific region. In May 2015, the virus was detected in Brazil and then spread through South and Central America. In December 2015, ZIKV was detected in French Guiana and Martinique. The aim of the study was to evaluate the vector competence of the mosquito spp. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from the Caribbean (Martinique, Guadeloupe), North America (southern United States), South America (Brazil, French Guiana) for the currently circulating Asian genotype of ZIKV isolated from a patient in April 2014 in New Caledonia. Methodology/Principal Findings Mosquitoes were orally exposed to an Asian genotype of ZIKV (NC-2014-5132). Upon exposure, engorged mosquitoes were maintained at 28°±1°C, a 16h:8h light:dark cycle and 80% humidity. 25–30 mosquitoes were processed at 4, 7 and 14 days post-infection (dpi). Mosquito bodies (thorax and abdomen), heads and saliva were analyzed to measure infection, dissemination and transmission, respectively. High infection but lower disseminated infection and transmission rates were observed for both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Ae. aegypti populations from Guadeloupe and French Guiana exhibited a higher dissemination of ZIKV than the other Ae. aegypti populations examined. Transmission of ZIKV was observed in both mosquito species at 14 dpi but at a low level. Conclusions/Significance This study suggests that although susceptible to infection, Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were unexpectedly low competent vectors for ZIKV. This may suggest that other factors such as the large naïve population for ZIKV and the high densities of human-biting mosquitoes contribute to the rapid spread of ZIKV during the current outbreak., Author Summary Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne arbovirus causing dengue-like symptoms. This virus was commonly detected in Africa and Asia. Since its emergence in Yap Island in Micronesia in 2007, ZIKV reemerged in the South Pacific region in 2013 and ultimately reached the American continent in 2015. The human biting mosquito Aedes aegypti and the less anthropophilic Aedes albopictus have been incriminated as vectors of ZIKV. Our study showed that American populations of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were able to become infected and disseminate ZIKV within the mosquito general cavity at early days (4, 7) post-infection (dpi). Nevertheless, transmission was unexpectedly low and only detected at 14 dpi. Our findings will help in designing more adapted vector control strategies and limiting the impact of a new emerging threat on human health in the Americas as did the chikungunya in 2014.
Published: 2016

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