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Background: Substance Use Disorders (SUD) are one of the biggest public health problems nationally and globally. It is necessary to provide specific educating programs about SUDs. The purpose of this study was to integrate some trainings which are related to substance use disorders in general medicine education. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental and pre-test post-test intervention research. Participants were 114 students studying at different stages of medical education at Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. The training program was designed based on the training model of David Kern. Training was integrated into pharmacology, psychology, poisoning and forensic medicine courses. The present researchers organized a life skill workshop for third-semester medical students. The students visited an addiction treatment exhibition during community medicine externship as well. Assessment tools included questionnaires to assess knowledge, attitude, and satisfaction. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software. Result: In all interventions, the mean score of knowledge and knowledge self-assessment increased significantly after the intervention (p<0.001). Students' attitudes about the curriculum were favorable. Satisfaction of the majority of students about the program was high. The highest level of satisfaction was related to the internship addiction emergency program. Conclusion: The positive effect of all interventions on the perception, attitude, and satisfaction of medical students emphasized that modifying the medical educational curriculum through considering the pattern, content, and results of the interventions can be very effective in improving the performance of physicians in the field of addiction management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Hypertension (HTN) considers as one of the most common risk factors, which potentially raises the risk of cardiovascular disease. Regarding high prevalence of HTN among Iranian population this study designed to examine a range of socio-demographic and clinical variables to determine the association with failure to achieve blood pressure control in a cohort of hypertensive subjects. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study is a part of Isfahan cohort study which carried out on adults aged 35 years old or more. Subjects with confirmed HTN entered in this sub-study. For all subjects questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics, clinical data and lifestyle behavior completed by trained nurses. Uncontrolled HTN was defined as systolic and diastolic blood pressure more than 140/90 in the presence or absent of pharmacological treatment. RESULTS: The prevalence of uncontrolled men was significantly higher than controlled in both 2001 and 2007 (P < 0.001). A significant association was found between sex and control of blood pressure: compared with women, being men [odds ratio (OR) = 2.31; 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.64-3.24] was significantly associated with uncontrolled HTN in 2001 and (OR = 2.38; 95% CI = 1.78-3.18). Among lifestyle behaviors, tendency for more consumption of salty foods increased the risk of uncontrolled HTN in 2001 by 1.73 times [OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.20-2.50, (P = 0.003)]. Patients who were naive to mono-therapy without considering the type of antihypertensive drug were found to be associated with uncontrolled blood pressure (OR = 0.14; 95 % CI =0.1-0.2). CONCLUSION: Uncontrolled HTN was sex, marital status, diabetes, tendency to salty foods and medication adherence. Assessment of them presence of these risk factors is warranted to recommend an aggressive HTN management with the goal of reducing excessive risk of cardiovascular events caused by uncontrolled HTN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]