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3. A new benchmark problem for electromagnetic modelling of superconductors: the high-Tc superconducting dynamo

Author

Ainslie, Mark, Grilli, Francesco, Queval, Loic, Pardo, Enric, Perez-Mendez, Fernando, Mataira, Ratu, Morandi, Antonio, Ghabeli, Asef, Bumby, Chris, and Brambilla, Roberto

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

The high-Tc superconducting (HTS) dynamo is a promising device that can inject large DC supercurrents into a closed superconducting circuit. This is particularly attractive to energise HTS coils in NMR/MRI magnets and superconducting rotating machines without the need for connection to a power supply via current leads. It is only very recently that quantitatively accurate, predictive models have been developed which are capable of analysing HTS dynamos and explain their underlying physical mechanism. In this work, we propose to use the HTS dynamo as a new benchmark problem for the HTS modelling community. The benchmark geometry consists of a permanent magnet rotating past a stationary HTS coated-conductor wire in the open-circuit configuration, assuming for simplicity the 2D (infinitely long) case. Despite this geometric simplicity the solution is complex, comprising time-varying spatially-inhomogeneous currents and fields throughout the superconducting volume. In this work, this benchmark problem has been implemented using several different methods, including H-formulation-based methods, coupled H-A and T-A formulations, the Minimum Electromagnetic Entropy Production method, and integral equation and volume integral equation-based equivalent circuit methods. Each of these approaches show excellent qualitative and quantitative agreement for the open-circuit equivalent instantaneous voltage and the cumulative time-averaged equivalent voltage, as well as the current density and electric field distributions within the HTS wire at key positions during the magnet transit. A critical analysis and comparison of each of the modelling frameworks is presented, based on the following key metrics: number of mesh elements in the HTS wire, total number of mesh elements in the model, number of degrees of freedom (DOFs), tolerance settings and the approximate time taken per cycle for each model., Comment: 22 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables

Published
2020
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4. Electromagnetic Modeling of Superconductors with Commercial Software: Possibilities with Two Vector Potential-Based Formulations

Author

Grilli, Francesco, Pardo, Enric, Morandi, Antonio, Zermeño, Victor M. R., Brambilla, Roberto, Benkel, Tara, and Riva, Nicolò

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

In recent years, the $H$ formulation of Maxwell's equation has become the de facto standard for simulating the time-dependent electromagnetic behavior of superconducting applications with commercial software. However, there are cases where other formulations are desirable, for example for modeling superconducting turns in electrical machines or situations where the superconductor is better described by the critical state than by a power-law resistivity. In order to accurately and efficiently handle those situations, here we consider two published approaches based on the magnetic vector potential: the $T$-$A$ formulation of Maxwell's equations (with power-law resistivity) and Campbell's implementation of the critical state model. In this contribution, we extend the $T$-$A$ formulation to thick conductors so that large coils with different coupling scenarios between the turns can be considered. We also revise Campbell's model and discuss it in terms of its ability to calculate AC losses: in particular, we investigate the dependence of the calculated AC losses on the frequency of the AC excitation and the possibility of using quick one-step (instead of full cycle) simulations to calculate the AC losses.

Published
2020
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5. Superconducting Cable Modelling Into Electro- Magnetic Transient Simulation Tool

Author

Creusot, Christophe, primary, Morandi, Antonio, additional, Mimmi, Francesco, additional, Guerra, Emiliano, additional, Bertinato, Alberto, additional, Steckler, Pierre-Baptiste, additional, Ribani, Pier Luigi, additional, Fabbri, Massimo, additional, Bocchi, Marco, additional, Musso, Andrea, additional, Angeli, Giuliano, additional, and Brasiliano, Diego, additional

Published
2024
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8. Dynamic modeling of levitation of a superconducting bulk by coupled $H$-magnetic field and Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulations

Author

Grilli, Francesco, Morandi, Antonio, De Silvestri, Federica, and Brambilla, Roberto

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

Intrinsically stable magnetic levitation between superconductors and permanent magnets can be exploited in a variety of applications of great technical interest in the field of transportation (rail transportation), energy (flywheels) and industry. In this contribution, we present a new model for the calculation of levitation forces between superconducting bulks and permanent magnet, based on the $H$-formulation of Maxwell's equations coupled with an Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation. The model uses a moving mesh that adapts at each time step based on the time-change of the distance between a superconductor bulk and a permanent magnet. The model is validated against a fixed mesh model (recently in turn validated against experiments) that uses an analytical approach for calculating the magnetic field generated by the moving permanent magnet. Then, it is used to analyze the magnetic field dynamics both in field-cooled and zero-field-cooled conditions and successively used to test different configurations of permanent magnets and to compare them in terms of levitation forces. The easiness of implementation of this model and its flexibility in handling different geometries, material properties, and application scenarios make the model an attractive tool for the analysis and optimization of magnetic levitation-based applications.

Published
2018
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11. Design and Comparison of a 1 MW / 5s HTS SMES with Toroidal and Solenoidal Geometry

Author

Morandi, Antonio, Fabbri, Massimo, Gholizad, Babak, Grilli, Francesco, Sirois, Frédéric, and Zermeño, Víctor M. R.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

The design of a HTS SMES coil with solenoidal and toroidal geometry is carried out based on a commercially available 2G HTS conductor. A SMES system of practical interest (1 MW / 5 s) is considered. The comparison between ideal toroidal and solenoidal geometry is first discussed and the criteria used for choosing the geometrical parameters of the coils' bore are explained. The design of the real coil is then carried out and the final amount of conductor needed is compared. A preliminary comparison of the two coils in terms of AC loss during one charge discharge cycle is also discussed.

Published
2015
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13. MgB2-Based MVDC Superconducting Power Cable in Liquid Hydrogen for Hybrid Energy Distribution

Author

Bruzek, Christian E., primary, Spina, Tiziana, additional, Melaccio, Umberto, additional, Tropeano, Matteo, additional, Marian, Adela, additional, Morandi, Antonio, additional, Gömöry, Fedor, additional, Kováč, Pavol, additional, Reiser, Wolfgang, additional, Holé, Stéphane, additional, Lallouet, Nicolas, additional, Iannaccone, Tommaso, additional, Roudaut, Julien, additional, and Magnusson, Niklas, additional

Published
2024
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20. Roadmap on artificial intelligence and big data techniques for superconductivity

Author

Yazdani-Asrami, Mohammad, primary, Song, Wenjuan, additional, Morandi, Antonio, additional, De Carne, Giovanni, additional, Murta-Pina, Joao, additional, Pronto, Anabela, additional, Oliveira, Roberto, additional, Grilli, Francesco, additional, Pardo, Enric, additional, Parizh, Michael, additional, Shen, Boyang, additional, Coombs, Tim, additional, Salmi, Tiina, additional, Wu, Di, additional, Coatanea, Eric, additional, Moseley, Dominic A, additional, Badcock, Rodney A, additional, Zhang, Mengjie, additional, Marinozzi, Vittorio, additional, Tran, Nhan, additional, Wielgosz, Maciej, additional, Skoczeń, Andrzej, additional, Tzelepis, Dimitrios, additional, Meliopoulos, Sakis, additional, Vilhena, Nuno, additional, Sotelo, Guilherme, additional, Jiang, Zhenan, additional, Große, Veit, additional, Bagni, Tommaso, additional, Mauro, Diego, additional, Senatore, Carmine, additional, Mankevich, Alexey, additional, Amelichev, Vadim, additional, Samoilenkov, Sergey, additional, Yoon, Tiem Leong, additional, Wang, Yao, additional, Camata, Renato P, additional, Chen, Cheng-Chien, additional, Madureira, Ana Maria, additional, and Abraham, Ajith, additional

Published
2023
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21. Calculation of AC Losses in a 500 kJ/200 kW Multifilamentary MgB2 SMES Coil

Author

Morandi, Antonio, primary, Fabbri, Massimo, additional, Ribani, Pier Luigi, additional, Lo Franco, Francesco, additional, Mandrioli, Riccardo, additional, Melaccio, Umberto, additional, Magrassi, Daniele, additional, Neri, Martina, additional, Capelluto, Alessio, additional, Tropeano, Matteo, additional, and Gandolfi, Chiara, additional

Published
2023
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22. MgB2-Based MVDC Superconducting Power Cable in Liquid Hydrogen for Hybrid Energy Distribution

Author

Bruzek, Christian E., Spina, Tiziana, Melaccio, Umberto, Tropeano, Matteo, Marian, Adela, Morandi, Antonio, Gomory, Fedor, Kovac, Pavol, Reiser, Wolfgang, Hole, Stephane, Lallouet, Nicolas, Iannaccone, Tommaso, Roudaut, Julien, and Magnusson, Niklas

Abstract

The combination of liquid hydrogen and superconducting cables presents a unique opportunity to distribute both hydrogen and bulk electricity in the same infrastructure. In particular, liquid hydrogen around 20 K is ideally suited for cooling the MgB2 superconductor, resulting in a compact power cable that also leaves sufficient place for the hydrogen flow. Such a hybrid system operating in the MVDC range at 25 kV and 20 kA constitutes one of the main goals of the European project SCARLET. After a description of the rationale and benefits of the electricity – hydrogen system, various possible applications and a first distribution system are presented. Furthermore, the different cable components already designed are discussed along with the research challenges and general strategy for the development.

Published
2024
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23. SCARLET – A European Effort to Develop HTS and MgB2 Based MVDC Cables

Author

Magnusson, Niklas, Allais, Arnaud, Angeli, Giuliano, Bouvier, Gregory, Bruzek, Christian E., Candido, Jose, Creusot, Christophe, Gammelsater, Marte, Garofalo, Erik, Gomory, Fedor, Hodge, Eoin, Hole, Stephane, Marian, Adela, Morandi, Antonio, Reiser, Wolfgang, and West, Beate

Abstract

Superconducting cables have been proven in a variety of pilot projects and utility installations, demonstrating several of their advantages, including compact size and low energy losses, which can make the technology economically attractive for certain applications. It is clear though that different applications impose different requirements and challenges, but also opportunities for the cables. An interesting application is high-power DC transfer at medium voltage (MVDC). The high-current capability of the superconductor allows for a reduction in voltage while maintaining or increasing the power transfer level. In this way, one MVDC superconducting cable can replace one or more conventional high-voltage DC cables. In the European project Superconducting cables for sustainable energy transition (SCARLET), two types of MVDC cables will be developed, one based on HTS and one on MgB2 materials. Additionally, protection requirements will be considered, including the development of a modular DC fault current limiter for 10 kA. A main motivation for the development is the elimination of costly high-voltage converter stations when going from high to medium voltage, e.g., for offshore wind power plants. Another feature is the combined hydrogen and electricity transmission from generation sites to industry or mobility end users. This paper describes the superconducting MVDC cable concept as well as the main challenges and research needed to develop and type test the cables.

Published
2024
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24. A Fast Integral Equation <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$J-\varphi$</tex-math></inline-formula> Formulation for Superconducting Structures

Author

Lucchini, Francesco, Torchio, Riccardo, Morandi, Antonio, and Dughiero, Fabrizio

Abstract

This article presents an integral equation method based on the current–potential ($\mathbf {J}-\varphi _{e}$) formulation, for the solution of the eddy currents problem in superconducting structures. Two efficient methods for storing and manipulating the fully populated matrices resulting from the discretization of the integral equation are proposed in this work. These approaches leverage hierarchical ($\mathcal {H}$) matrices and the fast Fourier transform technique, tailored for voxelized structures. These techniques drastically reduce the computational cost of the numerical simulations. The proposed approach is compared to existing methods, as the $\mathbf {H}-\varphi _{m}$ formulation, and is efficiently applied to calculate the power losses for a realistic high-temperature superconductor coil.

Published
2024
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25. SCARLET – A European Effort to Develop HTS and MgB2 Based MVDC Cables

Author

Magnusson, Niklas, primary, Allais, Arnaud, additional, Angeli, Giuliano, additional, Bouvier, Grégory, additional, Bruzek, Christian E., additional, Candido, José, additional, Creusot, Christophe, additional, Gammelsæter, Marte, additional, Garofalo, Erik, additional, Gömöry, Fedor, additional, Hodge, Eoin, additional, Holé, Stéphane, additional, Marian, Adela, additional, Morandi, Antonio, additional, Reiser, Wolfgang, additional, and West, Beate, additional

Published
2023
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33. Ayurveda in Knee Osteoarthritis—Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Kessler, Christian S., primary, Jeitler, Michael, additional, Dhiman, Kartar S., additional, Kumar, Abhimanyu, additional, Ostermann, Thomas, additional, Gupta, Shivenarain, additional, Morandi, Antonio, additional, Mittwede, Martin, additional, Stapelfeldt, Elmar, additional, Spoo, Michaela, additional, Icke, Katja, additional, Michalsen, Andreas, additional, Witt, Claudia M., additional, and Wischnewsky, Manfred B., additional

Published
2022
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35. Ayurveda in Knee Osteoarthritis—Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Kessler, Christian S, Jeitler, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3277-9090, Dhiman, Kartar S, Kumar, Abhimanyu, Ostermann, Thomas; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2695-0701, Gupta, Shivenarain, Morandi, Antonio, Mittwede, Martin, Stapelfeldt, Elmar, Spoo, Michaela, Icke, Katja; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4170-8430, Michalsen, Andreas, Witt, Claudia M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5440-7805, Wischnewsky, Manfred B, Kessler, Christian S, Jeitler, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3277-9090, Dhiman, Kartar S, Kumar, Abhimanyu, Ostermann, Thomas; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2695-0701, Gupta, Shivenarain, Morandi, Antonio, Mittwede, Martin, Stapelfeldt, Elmar, Spoo, Michaela, Icke, Katja; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4170-8430, Michalsen, Andreas, Witt, Claudia M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5440-7805, and Wischnewsky, Manfred B

Abstract

Background: Ayurveda is widely practiced in South Asia in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of these secondary data analyses were to identify the most relevant variables for treatment response and group differences between Ayurvedic therapy compared to conventional therapy in knee OA patients. Methods: A total of 151 patients (Ayurveda n = 77, conventional care n = 74) were analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle in a randomized controlled trial. Different statistical approaches including generalized linear models, a radial basis function (RBF) network, exhausted CHAID, classification and regression trees (CART), and C5.0 with adaptive boosting were applied. Results: The RBF network implicated that the therapy arm and the baseline values of the WOMAC Index subscales might be the most important variables for the significant between-group differences of the WOMAC Index from baseline to 12 weeks in favor of Ayurveda. The intake of nutritional supplements in the Ayurveda group did not seem to be a significant factor in changes in the WOMAC Index. Ayurveda patients with functional limitations > 60 points and pain > 25 points at baseline showed the greatest improvements in the WOMAC Index from baseline to 12 weeks (mean value 107.8 ± 27.4). A C5.0 model with nine predictors had a predictive accuracy of 89.4% for a change in the WOMAC Index after 12 weeks > 10. With adaptive boosting, the accuracy rose to 98%. Conclusions: These secondary analyses suggested that therapeutic effects cannot be explained by the therapies themselves alone, although they were the most important factors in the applied models. Keywords: Ayurveda; traditional Indian medicine; knee osteoarthritis; complementary medicine; integrative medicine

Published
2022

37. Calculation of AC Losses in a 500 kJ/200 kW Multifilamentary MgB 2 SMES Coil.

Author

Morandi, Antonio, Fabbri, Massimo, Ribani, Pier Luigi, Lo Franco, Francesco, Mandrioli, Riccardo, Melaccio, Umberto, Magrassi, Daniele, Neri, Martina, Capelluto, Alessio, Tropeano, Matteo, and Gandolfi, Chiara

Subjects
*SMALL business, *HEATING load, *COOLING systems, *SUPERCONDUCTORS
Abstract

SMES technology based on MgB 2 superconductor and cryogenic-free cooling can offer a viable solution to power-intensive storage in the short term. One of the main obstacles to the development of dry-cooled SMES systems is the heat load removal due to the AC loss of the superconductor during fast charging and discharging cycles at high power. Accurate knowledge of the amount and distribution of AC loss in the coil is of paramount importance for the sizing and the design of the cooling system and for assessing the possible operational limits of the technology. In this manuscript, the AC loss of a 500 kJ/200 kW multifilamentary MgB 2 SMES during charge–discharge cycling at full power is numerically investigated. The methodology and assumptions of the calculation are briefly resumed, and numerical results are reported and discussed in detail. In particular, the time profile and the distribution of the dissipated power all over the coil are reported. An average dissipation of 85.5 mW/m is found all over the coil during one charge–discharge cycle at full power, with a peak of 150.1 mW/m in the turns lying at the ends of the coil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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41. A volume integral equation based equivalent circuit for 3D calculation of the levitation force

Author

Morandi, Antonio, Fabbri, Massimo, Melaccio, Umberto, Ribani, Pier Luigi, Russo, Giacomo, Dept. Of Electrical, Electronic And Information Engineering, University Of Bologna, University of Bologna, and Université de Lorraine

Subjects
volume intergral equation, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, equivalent circuit, levitation, PEEC
Abstract

International audience; The volume integral equation method based on the current vector potential approximated by means of edge element basis function is a well-established approach for 3D eddy currents computation. Within this approach the unknowns of the problem are expressed in terms of projection of the current vector potential along the edges of the discretization and a solving system is obtained based on tree/cotree decomposition of the primal graph. Due to its integral nature, an interpretation of the method in terms of circuits can be made. In this paper, the link between the volume integral equation method and the circuit is investigated and the numerical model is formulated in terms of a distributed parameter equivalent RL circuit. The numerical equivalent circuit is applied for investigating the lateral levitation force between a PM and a bulk superconductor with axial symmetry. The comparison between calculated and measured values is presented.

Published
2021

42. A New Benchmark Numerical Model: The High-Tc Superconducting Dynamo

Author

Ainslie, Mark, Grilli, Francesco, Queval, Loic, Pardo, Enric, Perez-Mendez, Fernando, Mataira, Ratu, Morandi, Antonio, Ghabeli, Asef, Bumby, Chris, Brambilla, Roberto, Engineering Department, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Retired, and Université de Lorraine

Subjects
coated conductor, HTS modelling, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, numerical modelling, flux pump, benchmarking, HTS dynamo
Abstract

International audience; The high-Tc superconducting (HTS) dynamo is a promising device that can inject large DC supercurrents into a closed superconducting circuit. It could be used, for example, to energise rotor windings in superconducting rotating machines without the need for connection to a power supply via current leads. A number of different numerical models have now been developed as useful and cost-efficient tools to further examine and explain experimental results, as well as optimise and improve flux pump design. To adequately compare the different modelling tools available, we propose a new benchmark numerical model for the HTS modelling community: the HTS dynamo. In this work, this benchmark problem is implemented using several different methods: (1) coupled H-A formulation, (2) H-formulation + shell current, (3) segregated H-formulation, (4) Minimum Electromagnetic Entropy Production (MEMEP), (5) coupled T-A formulation, (6) integral equation and (7) volume integral equation-based equivalent circuit. These different techniques are used to solve the benchmark problem and compared in terms of computational requirements, ease of use and the solutions obtained with reference to each other, as well as experimental measurements.

Published
2021

43. A novel method to simulate coupled 3D FEM with circuit applied to SIC-SFCL

Author

Dos Santos, Gabriel, Sass, Felipe, Sotelo, Guilherme, Morandi, Antonio, Grilli, Francesco, Departamento de Engenharia de Telecomunicações [Niterói-Rio de Janeiro] (TET-UFF), Universidade Federal Fluminense [Rio de Janeiro] (UFF), and Université de Lorraine

Subjects
Superconducting Fault Current Limiter, Coupling Method, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, A formulation, Coated Conductors
Abstract

International audience; High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) de- vices are taking an important role in electrical power systems. The Finite Element Method (FEM) often sim- ulates the device in itself, and some simplified models are applied to represent the equipment in electric grid studies, sometimes neglecting its physics. In this scenario, the development of models that can simulate the equipment integrated with the grid may be useful. Due to it, this paper presents a coupling method to link the superconducting de- vices modelled by 3D FEM to the power electrical system. This model enables an electromagnetic transient analysis. Moreover, by the FEM model, the critical current density of the tape can be examined in the transient period. A saturated iron-core superconducting fault current limiter (SIC-SFCL) will be modeled and connected to the power electrical grid as a study case. The simulation results are compared with experimental data to validate the model.

Published
2021

45. A 3-D Finite-Element Method Approach for Analyzing Different Short Circuit Types in a Saturated Iron Core Fault Current Limiter.

Author

Santos, Gabriel dos, Martins, Flavio Goulart R., Sass, Felipe, Sotelo, Guilherme Goncalves, Morandi, Antonio, and Grilli, Francesco

Subjects
FAULT current limiters, SUPERCONDUCTING fault current limiters, SHORT circuits, FINITE element method, MAGNETIC flux density, SUPERCONDUCTING coils, IRON-based superconductors, ELECTRIC power systems
Abstract

In several cases, substations have become incapable of supporting faults due to increase in short-circuit levels. Fault current limiters (FCLs) are a potential solution for this problem. Among several FCL topologies presented in the literature, the saturated iron core superconducting fault current limiter (SIC-SFCL) has shown promising results in real tests in substations. In this context, this article presents the impacts of different kinds of short circuit on the SIC-SFCL device. To reproduce various types of fault, the SIC-SFCL is modeled in a 3-D framework considering both ferromagnetic and superconducting nonlinearities. Moreover, the proposed 3-D finite-element method model can couple the SIC-SFCL to the electric power system, also representing the electrical grid and the protection systems. For this investigation, the dc-bias superconducting coil’s normalized current density and the iron cores’ magnetic flux density are examined in light of different kinds of short circuit. The simulations are compared with measurements in a bench prototype, showing a maximum error of 16.5%. Furthermore, different types of short circuit are investigated and compared, which is possible only using a 3-D model. The highest limitation occurs in the phase-to-phase short-circuit case. In the dc circuit of the SIC-SFCL, the highest transient period happens in the single-phase short circuit. Finally, the phase-to-phase fault presents the highest dc current during the transient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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46. Design of superconducting magnets for power applications

Author

Morandi, Antonio, Melaccio, Umberto <1992>, Morandi, Antonio, and Melaccio, Umberto <1992>

Abstract

A three-year research project, called DRYSMES4GRID, was recently funded by the Italian Minister of Economic Development, Italy. The project is aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of cost-competitive SMES based on magnesium diboride (MgB2) with a cryogen-free cooling by means of the manufacturing and the testing of a demonstrator with an objective rating of 500 kJ/200 kW. The preliminary design, concerning the definition the geometry of the coil and the reference MgB2 conductor based on the functional requirements of the system, is first discussed. The detailed design of the coil, aimed at producing the information and the technical drawings needed for the manufacturing of the coil, is then presented. The mechanical behavior of the coil during cool down and successive energization up to the nominal transport current is analyzed and the compatibility of stress and strain with allowable limits of the conductor is verified. The distribution of electrical stress on the coil during the switching of the power electronic converters is also calculated for the proper design of electrical insulation. Results of quench analysis are also presented showing that the maximum hot spot temperature reached when the coil is discharged is within the design value. Evaluation of the thermal load due to radiation, conduction through the supports, current leads and AC loss is presented. The same methodology has been applied on another superconducting application in order to design the SC coil of a Saturated Iron superconductive Fault Current Limiter (SI-SFCL) at Changwon National University, South Korea. The SI-SFCL consists of three main parts: one magnetic iron-core, one normal conductive primary coil (CPC), and one superconducting secondary coil (SSC). The design of the SSC was based on the terms of shape, wire types, required fault current limit and protection aspects.

Published
2021

48. Experimental and numerical analysis of DC induction heating of aluminum billets

Author

Fabbri, Massimo, Forzan, Michele, Lupi, Sergio, Morandi, Antonio, and Ribani, Pier Luigi

Subjects
Superconducting magnets -- Evaluation, Magnets, Permanent -- Usage, Induction heating -- Analysis, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

We have analyzed the characteristics of dc-induction heating of aluminium billets both numerically and experimentally and developed a numerical model for the calculation of the power and temperature distributions inside the billet during the heating. We validated the model by comparison with the experimental results from a laboratory-scale prototype using permanent magnets. We studied the heating process of a real scale system by means of the model, taking into account the weakening of the mechanical properties during the heating. We provide an example of design of an industrial scale dc induction heater. Index Terms--Aluminum, high efficiency, induction heating, numerical modeling, superconducting magnets.

Published
2009

50. Design of a superconducting saddle magnet for DC induction heating of aluminum billets

Author

Morandi, Antonio, Fabbri, Massimo, and Ribani, Pier Luigi

Subjects
Aluminum -- Thermal properties, Aluminum -- Magnetic properties, Liquid helium -- Usage, Niobium -- Magnetic properties, Niobium -- Thermal properties, Superconducting magnets -- Design and construction, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

The design of a superconducting magnet for DC induction heating of aluminum billets is described. The feasibility of cooling by liquid helium bath is confirmed for both Nb-Ti and Mg[B.sub.2] superconductors.

Published
2008

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